12 AutoInsurance

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b\cf2\f3\fs20 C\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 ASES\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 16\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl
-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 1.\tab \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex83 Protection of Third Parties from Damage by Uninsured Ve
hicles: s. 20 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\expndtw0\charscale
x100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 16\par\pard
\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex
87 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 Unidentified Motorist (Hit and Run) Victi
ms: s. 24 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\expndtw0\charscalex100
\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 17\par\pard\li1
440\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 3
.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex86 Conditions of Liability Under ss. 20 and 24 o

f the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 17\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 4.\tab \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex79 Forfeiture and Breach of Conditions\expndtw0\charscalex1
00\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 17\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi4
75\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex85 Additional Notes\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex89 17\par\pard\li1440\sb116\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx2161\tldot\tx10615 \up0 \expn
dtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 V.\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale
x100 OPTIONAL INSURANCE (\ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf3
\f4\fs20 PART 4 & \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs
20 PART 13. FORMERLY \ul0\nosupersub\cf16\f17\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4
\fs20 PART 9)\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex82 19\par
\pard\li1440\sb116\sl-230\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 E\ul
0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 XTENDED \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 T\ul0\nosupersub\cf
5\f6\fs15 HIRD \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 P\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 ARTY \ul
0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 L\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 EGAL \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs20 L\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 IABILITY\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 19\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-22
5\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 B.\tab \up0 \e
xpndtw-3\charscalex100 O\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 WN \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs
20 D\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 AMAGE \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 C\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf5\f6\fs15 OVERAGE\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex8
9 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 19\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-225\slmult0\fi475\tx2405
\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex77
General\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 19\par\pard\l
i1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87
2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex81 Collision\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 19\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tld
ot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex72 Comp
rehensive\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 19\par\pard
87 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex75 Specified Perils\expndtw0\charscalex100\t
ab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 19\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\t
x2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex93 Limit on Liability\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex
89 20\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex87 6.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex85 ICBC Policy\expndtw0\charsc
alex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 20\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-207\slmult
0\fi720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex80 \ul0\nosupersub\cf8\f9
\fs18 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex90 Loss of Use Coverage\expndtw0\charscal
ex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 20\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-207\slmult0\
fi720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex92 Exclusions to Own Damage Coverage\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex89 20\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-205\slmult0\fi720\tx2641\tldo
t\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 Limit
ed Depreciation Coverage\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x89 21\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expnd
tw-9\charscalex87 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 7.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex8
0 Forfeiture of Claims and Breach of Conditions\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 21\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tl
dot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 8.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex80 Exc
eptions to Forfeiture\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89
22\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw9\charscalex87 9.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex78 Reporting Accidents\expndtw0\
charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 22\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\
slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 10.\tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex90 Limitation\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\ch
arscalex89 22\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0

\expndtw-9\charscalex90 C.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 O\ul0\nosupersub\c
f5\f6\fs15 WN \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 D\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 AMAGE \ul
0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 D\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 ISPUTES WITH \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf2\f3\fs20 ICBC\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 2
3\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex87 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex77 General\expndtw0\charscalex100\
tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 23\par\pard\li1440\sb118\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\
tx2161\tldot\tx10563 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex106 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 VI
.\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS: AN OVERVIEW OF THE P
ROCESS\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 24\par\pard\li
00 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 M\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf5\f6\fs15 AKING A \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 C\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs1
5 LAIM\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf2\f3\fs20 24\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 Dial-A-Claim\exp
ndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 24\par\pard\li1440\sb1\s
l-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 3.\tab \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex82 Meeting with the Adjuster\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \
t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 24\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx240
5\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex50
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs20 The Adjuster\u8217?s Perspective\expndtw0\charscalex
100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 24\par\pard\
7 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex55 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs20 The \u8220?Inde
pendent\u8221? Medical Assessment\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 25\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\f
i475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 6.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\ch
arscalex81 ICBC Private Investigators\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex89 25\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx1058
8 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 7.\tab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex61 \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs20 \u8220?Minimal Damage\u8221? and ICBC Policy\expndtw0\charscalex10
0\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 25\par\pard\li
E.\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 T\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 HE \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf2\f3\fs20 F\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 AULT \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
R\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 EQUIREMENT\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expn
dtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 25\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slm
ult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 F.\tab \up0 \expndt
w-5\charscalex100 P\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 RIVATE \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2
0 S\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 ETTLEMENTS\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 26\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\s
lmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 G.\tab \up0 \expn
dtw-2\charscalex100 I\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 NEQUALITY OF \ul0\nosupersub\cf
2\f3\fs20 B\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 ARGAINING \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 P\u
l0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 OWER\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\cha
2\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 H.\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\char
scalex100 D\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 EALING WITH \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 L
\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 AWYERS\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9
\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 27\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\
fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex73 Contingency Fees\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex89 27\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex87 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex77 The Contingency Fee Co
ntract\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 27\par\pard\li
3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex77 Disbursement Costs\expndtw0\charscalex100\ta
b \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 27\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx
2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale

x80 Marshalling of Reports\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charsca
lex89 27\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \exp
ndtw-9\charscalex87 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex75 Common Concerns\expndtw0
\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 28\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226
\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 I.\tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-5\charscalex100 W\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 HICH \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 C\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 OURT HAS \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 J\ul0\nosu
persub\cf5\f6\fs15 URISDICTION\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ?\expndtw0\charscalex1
00\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 28\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi4
75\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex83 Provincial Court, Small Claims Division\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 28\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\t
ldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex81 Su
preme Court of British Columbia\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\ch
arscalex89 28\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-207\slmult0\fi720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603 \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex80 \ul0\nosupersub\cf8\f9\fs18 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex92 Regular Trial\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex8
9 28\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-205\slmult0\fi965\tx2842\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex90 (1)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 The Writ of Summons\expndtw
0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 28\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-20
7\slmult0\fi965\tx2842\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex90 (2)\tab \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex92 The Statement of Defence\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 28\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-205\slmult0\fi965\tx2842\tl
dot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex90 (3)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 Re
serving a Trial Date\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89
\charscalex90 (4)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 The Examination for Discovery
b0\sl-207\slmult0\fi720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 b)\tab
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 Fast Track Litigation - Rule 66\expndtw0\charscale
x100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 29\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-205\slmult0\f
i720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex94 Expedited Litigation Project - Rule 68\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 30\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\
tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex73 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 J.\tab \u
p0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 D\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 AMAGES\expndtw0\charsca
lex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 31\par\pa
rd\li1440\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex87 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex76 How Damages are Assessed\expndtw0\chars
calex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 31\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw1
2240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg3}{\bkmkend Pg3}\par\pard\li1440\s
b0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-230\
slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\pa
r\pard\li1440\sb32\sl-230\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\cha
rscalex87 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex78 Heads
of Damage\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 31\par\pard
80 \ul0\nosupersub\cf8\f9\fs18 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 Non-pecuniary
Damages\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 31\par\pard\
3 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 Loss of Prospective Earnings\expndtw0\char
scalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 32\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-207\slmu
lt0\fi720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex93 Cost of Future Care\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex89 32\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-207\slmult0\fi720\tx2641\tldot\tx10603
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 d)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex87 Special Damages
b1\sl-223\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 \ul0\n
osupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex80 Lump Sum Awards and St
ructured Settlements\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89

\charscalex100 K.\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex91 C\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15
OSTS\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 33\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up
0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 L.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 R\ul0\nosupersub
\cf5\f6\fs15 EACHING A \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 S\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15
ETTLEMENT \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 B\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 EFORE \ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 T\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 RIAL\expndtw0\charscalex100\ta
b \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 33\par\pard\li1440
\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 1.\t
ab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex81 Negotiation\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex89 33\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\
tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex83 Mediati
on\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 33\par\pard\li1440
\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 3.\t
ab \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex52 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs20 ICBC\u8217?s Obligati
ons to the Insured\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 33\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi475\tx2405\tld
ot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex80 Paym
ents into Court\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 34\pa
r\pard\li1440\sb117\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx2161\tldot\tx10563 \up0 \expndtw0\chars
calex113 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 VII.\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 MISC
ELLANEOUS\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 34\par\pard
\li1440\sb116\sl-230\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 S\ul0\nos
upersub\cf5\f6\fs15 UBROGATION\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\cha
2\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 B.\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\chars
calex100 H\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 OW \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ICBC\ul0\no
supersub\cf5\f6\fs15 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 S\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 E
TS \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 P\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 REMIUMS\expndtw0\cha
rscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 34\pa
r\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex90 C.\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 D\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 RIVER
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 P\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 OINT \ul0\nosupersub\c
f2\f3\fs20 P\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 REMIUMS\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 35\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl
-226\slmult0\fi182\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex107 D.\ul0\nosupersub\
cf4\f5\fs22 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
W\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs15 AIVER\e
xpndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3
\fs20 35\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmks
tart Pg4}{\bkmkend Pg4}\pard\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pa
rd\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg5}{\bkmkend Pg5}\par\pard\ql \li2396\sb0\sl-322\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li2396\sb0\sl-322\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2396\sb0\sl-322\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li2396\sb207\sl-322\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nos
upersub\cf1\f2\fs27 CHAPTER TWELVE: AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE (ICBC) \par\pard\li1440
\sb230\sl-322\slmult0\fi0\tx2161 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 I.\tab \up0 \expnd
tw0\charscalex101 INTRODUCTORY NOTES\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard
\li1440\sb57\sl-230\slmult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\c
f3\f4\fs20 Comprehensive changes were made to British Columbia\u8217?s automobil
e insurance legislation, which\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi720 \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex92 came into force on June 1, 2007.\par\pard\li1440\sb228\sl-3
22\slmult0\fi0\tx2161 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex123 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 I
I.\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 GOVERNING LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS, POLICY\
par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-309\slmult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 GUIDELINE
S, AND RESOURCES\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb24\sl-276\
slmult0\fi720\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24
A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 Books\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmul
t0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1222\sb74\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \
ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Gregory, E.A. and Gregory, G.F.T., \ul0\nosupersub\cf

15\f16\fs20\ul The Annotated British Columbia Insurance (Motor Vehicle) Act \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (Toronto: Carswell, 1995).
UBC Law Library, call number KN 294 M6 B759. \par\pard\qj \li2881\ri1221\sb204\s
l-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 Continuing Legal Education Society of
British Columbia, \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul British Columbia Motor Vehic
le Accident \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 Claims Practice Manual \up0 \expn
dtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (Vancouver: Continuing Legal Edu
cation Society of British Columbia, \par\pard\ql \li2881\sb1\sl-215\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex94 2000). On reserve at UBC Law Library, call number KN 29
4 M6 B747. \par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1221\sb
21\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Continuing Legal Education Socie
ty of British Columbia, \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul ICBC Motor Vehicle Acci
dent Claims \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 (November, 1988)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3
\fs20 (Vancouver: Continuing Legal Education Society of British Columbia, 1988)
. \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 UBC Law Library, call number KN 294 M6 I322. \par
\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1221\sb20\sl-220\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Continuing Legal Education Society of British C
olumbia, \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Vehicle Insurance: British Columbia \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Legislation and Commentary\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs20 (Vancouver: Continuing Legal Education Society of British Columbia, \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 2007). \par\pard\li2161\sb247\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\
tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 B.\tab \up0 \
expndtw-11\charscalex95 Legislation\par\pard\ql \li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\
pard\ql\li2881\sb39\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\
cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Motor Vehicle) Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.
B.C. 1996, c. 231 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2
0 ]. \par\pard\qj \li2881\ri1538\sb57\sl-440\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex9
4 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Motor Vehicle) Act - Revised Regu
lations (1984)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , B.C. Reg. 447/83 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf
15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ]. \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Vehicle) Act, R.S.B.C. 1996
, c. 231 [IVA]. \par\pard\qj \li2881\ri4724\sb4\sl-460\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex93 Insurance (Vehicle) Regulation, B.C. Reg. 447/83 [IVR]. \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex94 Motor Vehicle Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.B.C. 1996, c
. 318 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ]. \par\p
ard\qj \li2881\ri3728\sb0\sl-460\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Motor Vehicle Act Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
, B.C. Reg. 26/58 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA Regulations\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf2\f3\fs20 ]. \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
Insurance Corporation Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 228. \p
ar\pard\ql \li2881\sb150\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Limitation Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.B.C. 1996,
c. 266, s. 3(2). \par\pard\ql \li2161\sb230\sl-230\slmult0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw
0\charscalex103 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE: \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscale
x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance
(Vehicle) Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\
ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ] and its \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance
(Vehicle) Regulation\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\
ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ] form a \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1220\sb0\sl-22
6\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 code governing most aspects of auto insur
ance in B.C. The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
alone runs 102 pages, and \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 it is impossible
to give a complete summary in a manual such as this. What follows is only a \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 guide to help you locate the relevant sections o
f the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\
nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 that you are likely
to \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 encounter. \par\pard\li2161\sb226\sl-230\s
lmult0\fi0\tx3601\tx6712 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs
20 NOTE:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The \ul0\
nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Motor Vehicle) Act\ul0\tab \up0 \expndtw4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA

\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ] and the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regula
tions\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 were amended and\par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1220\sb
0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 renamed the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\
f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 respectively. The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20
\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0
\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 came into force and effect on \line \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex98 July 1, 2007. Notable changes in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nos
upersub\cf2\f3\fs20 are outlined in \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 Section III: Su
mmary \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb110\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 \ul0\
nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 12-1 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pa
rd\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg6}{\bkmkend Pg6}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmul
t0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
\par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \
par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1217\sb19\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0
\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 of Changes in the Insurance (Vehicle) Act and Insurance
(Vehicle) Regulation\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 b
elow. It is important to note that there are transitional provisions governing w
hether the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 provisions of the old Act, new Act, or b
oth Acts apply to an individual claim. \par\pard\li2161\sb226\sl-230\slmult0\fi0
\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE:\tab \up0
\expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Be sure to \ul0\nosupersub
\cf3\f4\fs20 read the complete section in the act or its regulations before advi
sing\par\pard\li2161\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi1440 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 any
one\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 .\par\pard\ql \li1440\sb215\sl-322\slmult0\tx2161
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex127 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 III. \tab \up0 \expndt
w0\charscalex102 SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN THE INSURANCE (VEHICLE) ACT \par\pard\ql
\li2161\sb0\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 AND INSURANCE (VEHICLE)
REGULATION \par\pard\ql \li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2161\sb21\sl-2
76\slmult0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 A.
\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Continuing Legal Education Society of Britis
h Columbia \par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1217\sb
62\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The
Continuing Legal Education Society of British Columbia published a book called \
ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Vehicle \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 Insur
ance: British Columbia Legislation and Commentary\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (\
u8220?CLE\u8221?). It provides useful insights into \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charsc
alex100 the changes in the legislation. The CLE is quoted several times in this
section. LSLAP extends \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 special acknowledgment
s to the author of the CLE, Donald W. Yule, Q.C., and the legal editor of \line
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 the CLE, Laura C. Selby. \par\pard\li2161\sb246\sl276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs
24 B.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Transitional Provisions\par\pard\li2161\
sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb55\sl-230\slmult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 There are transitional provisions that dic
tate which provisions, old or new, will apply to a particular\par\pard\li2161\sb
1\sl-225\slmult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 claim. The following exurb i
s from the CLE:\par\pard\li2161\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi1440 \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex97 [\u8230?]Amendments or additions made during the term of a certificate
or policy that\par\pard\li2161\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi1440\tx5748\tx6007 \up0 \exp
ndtw-3\charscalex100 took effect before June\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex86 1,
\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 2007, will continue to be governed by the old
\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-225\slmult0\fi1440 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 provisio
ns.\par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1938\sb211\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex10
0 For a period of time the \u8220?old\u8221? and \u8220?new\u8221? schemes will
apply in tandem. Claims \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 arising out of accide
nts that occur before June 1, 2007 will continue to be dealt \line \up0 \expndtw
-7\charscalex100 with by the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Motor V
ehicle) Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Rev
ised Regulation\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . For claims \line \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex95 arising out of accidents that occur on or after June 1, 2007, it will
be necessary to \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 identify the particular cert
ificate or policy against which or under which the claim \line \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex94 arises. The new \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Vehicle)
Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Regulation
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 will apply if the certificate \line \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex95 or policy takes effect on or after June 1, 2007. It may be possibl
e to have a single \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 accident generate claims g
overned in part by both schemes: an owner\u8223?s certificate \line \up0 \expndt
w-7\charscalex100 issued February 1, 2007, an optional insurance contract with a
private insurer \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 issued July 15, 2007, and a
motor vehicle accident on August 15, 2007 giving rise \line \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex94 to both third party liability and own vehicle damage claims. \par\pard\
li2161\sb245\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf10\f11\fs24 C.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Specific Changes\par\par
d\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb19\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx3601 \up
0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Optional Insuran
ce Contracts\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1219\s
b59\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The
most notable change is the repeal of Part 9 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20
\ul IA Regulation\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (extension insurance, \line \up0 \
expndtw-4\charscalex100 both excess third party legal liability and own damage c
overage) which, as optional \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 coverage, is now
addressed in the parts of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 that deal with optional \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 insurance contr
acts. Other optional coverage provided by ICBC, formerly set out in the \line \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 Revised Regulation have also been repealed, i.e. exc
ess Party \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 7 income replacement \par\pard\qj \li360
1\ri1220\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 coverage (s. 97.1), exc
ess UMP (s. 148.7), and coverage under a driver\u8223?s policy (s. 51). The \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex93 above information is from the CLE. \par\pard\qj \li3601
\ri1220\sb192\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 An optional insurance
contract (OIC) is a contract of vehicle insurance other than vehicle \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex100 insurance provided under the plan of universal compulso
ry vehicle insurance. OICs are \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 governed by P
art 4 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 an
d Part 13 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
. The term OIC includes, but is not \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb110\sl-230\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-2 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840
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{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3601\shptop10020\shpright3783\shpbottom10264\shpbxpage\s
hpbypage\shpwr3\shpfblwtxt1\shpz465\shplid15
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\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg7}{\bkmkend Pg7}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\sl
mult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult
0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1217\sb78\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 limited to, excess third party liability, own vehicle
damage, excess UMP, and excess no-fault \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 income repl
acement. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1357\sb20
\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\u
l IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 61(1.1) provides that an OIC that extends c
overage in an existing certificate or \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 policy may: \
par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1610\sb46\sl-480\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 proh
ibit a specified person or class of persons from using or operating the vehicle;
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 exclude coverage for a specified risk; or \par\par
d\qj \li3961\ri1228\sb199\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 provide di
fferent limits of coverage for different persons or risks or classes of persons
\line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 or risks. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1223\sb212\s
l-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 The above prohibition, exclusion, and
limit are not binding on the insured unless the policy \up0 \expndtw-5\charscal
ex100 has printed on it is a prominent place in conspicuous lettering the words
\u8220?This policy \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 contains prohibitions relating t
o persons or classes or persons, exclusions or risks or limits \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex92 of coverage that are not in the insurance it extends\u8221? (s. 61(2
)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1975\sb19\sl-2
20\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 61(1.2) provides that an OIC may not, in respect
of third party liability \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 insurance coverage: \par\
pard\qj \li3961\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\ri1229\sb40\sl-220\slmult
0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 prohibit a person who is living with and as a mem
ber of the family of the owner of the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 vehicle from
using or operating the vehicle; or \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\
pard\ql\li3961\sb22\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 exclude or provi
de different limits of coverage for that person. \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri2098\sb2
4\sl-480\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 In an OIC, an insurer may p
rovide for exclusions and limits of loss in respect of: \line\tab \up0 \expndtw9\charscalex92 loss of the vehicle; \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri6070\sb0\sl-480\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 damage to the vehicle; or \line \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex92 loss of use of the vehicle. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1549\sb159\sl-24
0\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 Despite any provision of the \ul0\nosuper
sub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 of \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16
\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , an insurer is not liable to an insured
under an \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 OIC for loss or damage in circumstances s
pecified in the owner\u8223?s policy if: \par\pard\qj \li3961\sb0\sl-220\slmult0
\par\pard\qj\li3961\ri1575\sb37\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the
OIC relates to a vehicle that is not required under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f1
6\fs20\ul Motor Vehicle Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 to be \up0 \expndtw-9\ch
arscalex91 licensed and insured (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupe

rsub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 61(7)(a)), and \par\pard\qj \li3961\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\qj\li3961\ri1658\sb40\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 the own
er\u8223?s policy is endorsed with a statement that the insurer is not liable to
the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 insured for loss or damage in those circumstan
ces (61(7)(b)). \par\pard\li2881\sb247\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-1
1\charscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex9
4 Forfeiture\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb55\sl-230\slmu
lt0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The \ul0\nosu
persub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 75 provides that a cl
aim is forfeited if:\par\pard\li2881\sb221\sl-230\slmult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex95 a) the applicant for coverage under the plan or the OIC\par\pard\
li2881\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi1171\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 i.\tab \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 falsely describes the vehicle in respect of which th
e application is made, or\par\pard\li2881\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi1123\tx4321 \up0
\expndtw-6\charscalex100 ii.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 knowingly misrepre
sents or fails to disclose in the application a fact required to be\par\pard\li2
881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0\fi1622 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 stated in it;\par\par
d\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1251\sb10\sl-220\slmult0\t
x3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 b) the insured violates a term or condition
of or commits a fraud in relation to the plan or \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex93 the optional insurance contract; or \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb212\sl-230\slm
ult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-3 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\pap
erh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg8}{\bkmkend Pg8}\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\s
l-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb0\sl230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb0\sl-23
0\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb19\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \
ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 c) the insured makes a wilfully false statement wit
h respect to the claim. \par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb4\
sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs
20 NOTE:\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The above
section is a transfer from the former s. 19(1) of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\f
s20\ul IA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . Significant\par\pard\ql \li4321\ri1318\sb
0\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 rephrasing includes: i) the sectio
n no longer refers to an applicant for a driver\u8223?s \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex96 certificate, ii) it has deleted forfeiture for fraud in respect of the Act,
iii) With \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 respect to wilfully false statements, th
ey must now be \u8220?with respect to the claim\u8221?, \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex94 whereas previously they had to be \u8220?with respect to a claim\u8221?. \p
ar\pard\qj \li3601\ri1218\sb201\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 The
Insurance Corporation of British Columbia (ICBC, or \u8220?the Corporation\u822
1?) (or a court \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 in the case of OICs) may relieve a
person from forfeiture of all or any insurance money if \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex93 the forfeiture would appear inequitable. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\sl
mult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1219\sb19\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex9
7 The Corporation is obliged to relieve an insured person from the forfeiture of
the benefits \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 it considers equitable if the insure
d person dies or suffers physical or mental disability \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x95 rendering him or her permanently incapable of working for a living (\ul0\nos
upersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 19(3)). \par\pard\l
i2881\sb245\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 \ul0\nosuper
sub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Limitation Period (Third
Party Rights)\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb41\sl
-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The follo
wing is from the CLE: \par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li432
1\ri1943\sb8\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 Section 76(7) contains
a new statutory limitation period for a claimant to \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98
sue the tortfeasor\u8223?s insurer under s. 76(3). The limitation period is one
\up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 year from the final determination of
the action against the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 insured/tortfeasor, in

cluding appeals if any. \par\pard\li2881\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \e
xpndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\cha
rscalex96 Mid-term Changes\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\l
i3601\ri1218\sb57\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf
2\f3\fs20 If there is a mid-term change to the territory in which the vehicle is
primarily located when \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 it is not in use, the insur
ed named on the owner\u8223?s certificate must report the change to a \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex95 person appointed as agent of the Corporation within 30 days o
f the change. Under the old \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 provisions, notice coul
d be given within 60 days after the change (IVR, s. 9). \par\pard\li2881\sb235\s
l-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\
fs24 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Indemnity (Driver\u8217?s Certificates
)\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb50\sl-230\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The following exurb is
from the CLE: \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1938\sb214\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex100 The scope of coverage under a driver\u8223?s certificate has been
narrowed \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 under \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\
ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 49(1). Under the Revised Regulation there
was indemnity \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 for an insured for liability
arising out of the use or operation by the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 in
sured of a vehicle \u8220?not described in an owner\u8223?s certificate issued t
o the \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 insured or to a member of the insured\
u8223?s household\u8221?. Under the new \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Regu
lation, there is indemnity for an insured for liability arising out of \line \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the use or operation by the insured of a vehicle \u822
0?not owned or leased by \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the insured or by a
member of the insured\u8223?s household.\u8221? In other words, \line \up0 \expn
dtw-9\charscalex95 formerly, the threshold question involved whether there was a
n owner\u8223?s \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 certificate issued to the ve
hicle involved in the accident. Now the \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 thre
shold question does not involve insurance at all but ownership or \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-2\charscalex100 leasing of the vehicle involved in the accident by the ins
ured or a \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 household member. \par\pard\li2881\
sb262\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf
10\f11\fs24 6.\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 A
pplication\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 of Law\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-230\s
lmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1939\sb43\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosu
persub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\
f3\fs20 are applicable to both ICBC and private insurers. Under the old \line \
up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 regime, the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0
\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and Revised Regulation were only applicable to ICBC. Pr
ivate \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 insurers were regulated by Part 6 of th
e \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . It
is important to note that \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\
li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb110\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw
-9\charscalex90 12-4 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840{\shp{\*\s
hpinst\shpleft2160\shptop13151\shpright2342\shpbottom13395\shpbxpage\shpbypage\s
hpwr3\shpfblwtxt1\shpz816\shplid19
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg9}{\bkmkend Pg9}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-228\sl
lt0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-228\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-228\slmult
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 although the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\
nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 cover both ICBC and private insurer plans, some parts \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-8\charscalex96 of the Act and Regulation apply only to one or the other.
Specifically, the parts of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 the Act and Regula
tion that govern ICBC are Parts 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 of the Act and \line \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex93 Parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 14 of the Regu
lation. The parts of the Act \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 and Regulation t
hat govern Policies are Parts 4, 5, and 6 of the Act and Parts 13 \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex92 and 14 of the Regulation. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1940\sb214
\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 Furthermore, the \ul0\nosupersub\c
f15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs2
0\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 apply to both mandatory coverage and option
al \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 coverage. Part 1 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16
\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 applies to ICBC\u8223?s mandatory cover
age only. There are \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 no Parts 2 or 3 in the \ul0\no
supersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . Part 4 of the \ul0\no
supersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 applies to OIC\u8223?s
. Parts 5 and 6 of \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 the IVA apply to both mandatory
coverage and OIC\u8223?s. \par\pard\li2881\sb266\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 7.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\ch
arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 Reporting\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24
to Insurer\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1939\s
b49\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Ss.
27 to 29 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
respectively require that accident, medical, and employer \line \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex94 reports be provided \u8220?as soon as reasonably practicable\u8221
?. Previously, under the IA, \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 after a request
by ICBC, an accident report was required \u8220?within 24 hours\u8221?, a \line
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 medical report was required \u8220?immediately\u82
21?, and an employer report was required \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 \u82
20?without delay\u8221?. \par\pard\li2881\sb251\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \
expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 8.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\ch
arscalex96 Limitation Period for No Fault Benefits\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-22
0\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1943\sb73\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsca
lex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 S. 103 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 sets out the limitation period for bringing an
action in respect to \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 no fault benefits agains
t ICBC. The section stipulates a 2 year period starting from \par\pard\qj \li360
1\ri1941\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 3 possible points in t
ime: 1) The date of the accident for which the benefits are \line \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex93 claimed, 2) where benefits have been received, the date the claim
ant last received \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 benefits, 3) if no payment
has been made, the date on which ICBC receives a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex96 notice of a claimant\u8223?s intention to bring an action. The notice must
be in the form \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 established by the corporation
and sent by registered mail addressed to the claim \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charsc
alex100 office dealing with the insured\u8223?s claim. This third possible time
period was not \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 available under the \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \par\pard\ql \li1440\sb23
1\sl-322\slmult0\tx2161 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex106 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27
IV. \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 BASIC COMPULSORY AUTOPLAN COVERAGE \par\
pard\qj \li2161\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2161\ri1217\sb52\sl-226\slmult
0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The \ul0\nosupersub\
cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 makes the Corporation the sole
automobile insurer in B.C. of basic insurance for vehicles not \up0 \expndtw-7\c
harscalex100 exempt from the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub
\cf2\f3\fs20 . Exempt vehicles are described in ss. 43 - 44 of the \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and also in s. 2 of the \ul0
\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \up0 \expndtw-7\ch
arscalex100 For most vehicles owned, leased or operated in B.C., third party lia
bility coverage up to $200,000 is only \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 available fr
om ICBC. Full coverage for exempt vehicles, extended coverage in excess of the b
asic coverage \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 (third party liability insurance ove
r $200,000, \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s.
67), and collision (\u8220?own damage\u8221?) insurance may be \up0 \expndtw-8\

charscalex94 purchased from private insurers. Note that private insurers may hav
e their own requirement for coverage that \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 may be ab
ove and beyond the requirements of ICBC. \par\pard\qj \li2161\ri1217\sb214\sl-22
6\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Vehicles licensed in British Columbia ar
e required by law to carry basic compulsory coverage, which is \line \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex94 evidenced by a certificate of automobile insurance issued unde
r the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 to someon
e licensed under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA \line \up0 \expndtw-7\
charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (i.e. the \u8220?insured\u8221?). The
definitions of \u8220?insured\u8221? are found at the beginning of each part of
the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Regulations \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale
x90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 where applicable. \par\pard\qj \li2161\sb0\sl-22
lex95 Subject to various limitations and exclusions, basic compulsory coverage i
s set out in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 and \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 provides: \par\pard\qj \li25
21\ri6969\sb46\sl-480\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 third party legal lia
bility (Part 6); \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 accident benefits (Part 7); \par\p
ard\ql \li2521\sb207\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 uninsured or un
identified motorists (Part 8). \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard
\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb110\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \exp
ndtw-9\charscalex90 12-5 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840{\shp{
\*\shpinst\shpleft2160\shptop1665\shpright2342\shpbottom1909\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpfblwtxt1\shpz33\shplid23
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg10}{\bkmkend Pg10}\par\pard\ql \li2521\sb0\sl-230\
slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb0\sl-230\sl
mult0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb0\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb49\sl-230\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 first party coverage
(Part 10); \par\pard\ql \li2521\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2521\sb20\sl230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 inverse liability (Division 1 of Part 1
0); \par\pard\qj \li2521\ri4061\sb44\sl-480\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95
underinsured motorist protection (UMP) (Division 2 of Part 10); and, \up0 \expn
dtw-9\charscalex96 uninsured or unidentified motorists (Part 8). \par\pard\qj \l
i2161\ri1220\sb170\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Driving while un
insured is an offence (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs20 , s. 24(3)(a)) for which the maximum penalty is a fine of not \line \up0
\expndtw-3\charscalex100 more than $250 and/or imprisonment for not more than th
ree months (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s.
24(5)(a)). Driving an \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 uninsured vehicle is a
lso an offence (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
, s. 24(3)(b)) carrying a minimum fine of $300 and/or a maximum \line \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex94 fine of $2,000 and/or imprisonment for at least seven days an
d no more than six months (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\c
f2\f3\fs20 , s. 24(5)(b)). \par\pard\li2161\sb248\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0
\expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-10
\charscalex100 Third Party Legal Liability: Part 6 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f
18\fs24\ul IVR\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb20\sl-276\sl
mult0\fi720\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24
1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 Indemnity\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\s
95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 This insurance protects (\u8220?indemnifies\u8221
?) the insured against liability imposed on the insured \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex100 by law for injury or death of another, or loss or damage to property of an
other, to a total \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 limit of $200,000 (\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 67), to be shared among th
e victims of a motor vehicle accident \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 (Schedule 3,
s. 1). The base limit of liability is $500,000 in claims made for a bus, and \u
p0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 $300,000 in claims made for a taxi or limousine. Ext
ended Third Party Legal Liability \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 coverage may be p
urchased at the insured\u8223?s discretion. \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 If the i
nsured is found legally \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 liable, and no extended cov
erage has been purchased, he or she is responsible for \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale
x93 payment of any claims in excess of the above limits. \par\pard\li2881\sb242\
sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11
\fs24 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 Who is Covered\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb
0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1474\sb62\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The definitions of \u8220?insured\u8221
? for this part of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs20 may be found in \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\
f3\fs20 s. 63. For our \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 purposes, the most relevant
definitions of \u8220?insured\u8221? are: \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 a) a pe
rson named in an owner\u8223?s certificate; or \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\s
lmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1513\sb19\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex95 b) an individual who, with the consent of the owner or while a membe
r of the owner\u8223?s \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 household, operate
s the vehicle described in the owner\u8223?s certificate. \par\pard\ql \li3601\s
b212\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 In addition, according to \ul0\
nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 65(1), indemnity
is extended to: \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex91 a) a person named as an owner in an owner\u8223?s certificate; \par\par
d\ql \li3601\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 b) a member of
the owner\u8223?s household; \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1244\sb219\sl-220\slmult0\tx
3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 c) an employee or partner of the owner for w
hose regular use the vehicle described in the \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex92 owner\u8223?s certificate is provided; and \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\
slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1650\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex92 d) the spouse of an employee or partner described in paragraph (c)
where the spouse \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 resides with the employe
e or partner. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1371
\sb20\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 An insured operating a motor v
ehicle not described in an owner\u8223?s certificate issued to him \up0 \expndtw
-9\charscalex91 or her is subject to the exceptions in ss. 65(2) and 77. \par\pa
rd\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\par
d\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\
ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql
\li5944\sb132\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-6 \par\pard\sect\se

ctd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg11}{\bkmkend Pg11}
\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\
li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb7
3\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f
11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 What is Covered\par\pard\qj \li3601
\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1221\sb65\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 In addition to the legal liability c
overage outlined, \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2
0 ss. 67 and 69 stipulate in part, that \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 ICBC shall
also: \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1226\sb20\s
l-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 a) pay for \u8220?reasonable
\u8221? emergency medical aid so long as reimbursement is not provided \line\tab
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 to the insured by another insurer or under another
Part; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\sl
mult0\tx10103 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 b) pay for emergency equipment
or supplies provided to the insured \tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 (i.
e. fire \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 ex
tinguishers, jacks or other necessary emergency equipment or supplies); \par\par
d\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1220\sb21\sl-220\slmult0\t
x3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 c) pay all or some (depending upon
the circumstances) of the costs taxed against the \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex95 insured in an action, in accordance with the British Columbia Supreme C
ourt \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Rules of \line\ul0\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\cha
rscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Court\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 for
aggregated general and specific damages; and \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-226\sl
mult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1218\sb10\sl-226\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex96 d) pay pre-judgment interest under the \ul0\nosupersub\
cf15\f16\fs20\ul Court Order Interest Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or analogo
us legislation \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 of another jurisdiction o
n that part of the judgment, and pay post-judgment interest \line\tab \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex95 under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Interest Act\ul0\n
osupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (Canada) or analogous legislation of another jurisdiction
on that \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 part of the judgment, both withi
n the limits set out in s. 1 of Schedule 3 (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IV
R\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ). \par\pard\li2881\sb257\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 4.\tab \up0 \expndt
w-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 Restrictions on Indemnity\par\pa
rd\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1220\sb67\sl-220\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Indemnity restrictions
are outlined in ss. 72 and 72.1 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\
nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . These sections provide, \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x95 among other things, that ICBC \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 shall not\ul0\nosu
persub\cf2\f3\fs20 indemnify (provide coverage for) an insured for: \par\pard\q
l \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1221\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx39
61 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 a) loss or damage to property carried in or o
n a vehicle owned, rented or in the care, \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94
custody or control of an insured; or \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \p
ar\pard\ql\li3601\ri1227\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw6\charscalex100 b) liability directly or indirectly arising out of the operati
on of attached equipment (i.e. \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 machinery
or equipment that is mounted on or attached to the vehicle, and which is \line\t
ab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 not required for the safe operation of that vehi
cle) at a site where such equipment is \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 op
erated, unless the attached equipment is used in accordance with \ul0\nosupersub
\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 72(2). \par\pard\li2881\sb
276\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12
\f13\fs24 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 Dut
ies of the Insured\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri
1221\sb69\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs
20 ICBC is not liable to an insured who, to the prejudice of the Corporation, fa

ils to comply \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 with certain duties. Section 73 of th
e \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 states in par
t that an insured \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 must\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 :
\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1227\sb20\sl-220\s
lmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 a) promptly give the Corporation w
ritten notice of any claim made for the accident, \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex94 including any other insurance held by him or her providing coverage for
the accident; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb212\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsca
lex93 b) help secure evidence and information and the attendance of any witnes
ses; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1229\sb19\sl220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 c) cooperate with the Corpora
tion in the defence of any action or proceeding, or in the \line\tab \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex94 prosecution of any appeal, taken by the Corporation on behalf
of the insured; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\
sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 d) allow the Corporation to inspec
t an insured vehicle at any reasonable time; and \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb210\sl-2
30\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 e) \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 must\u
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 not\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3
\fs20 : \par\pard\li4004\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4004\sb10\sl-230\slmult0\
fi48\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 i.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 vol
untarily assume liability or settle any claim except at his or her own cost; or\
par\pard\li4004\sb221\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 ii.
\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 fail to cooperate with the Corporation in the
investigation, settlement or defence\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb1\sl-216\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex94 of a claim or action. \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\s
lmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb223\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-7
\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg1
2}{\bkmkend Pg12}\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\
slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\pa
r\pard\li2881\sb97\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\
nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 6.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf
10\f11\fs24 Duties of the Corporation\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\qj\li3601\ri1221\sb52\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 On receipt of a notice of a claim under Part 6 of the \ul0\
nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , ICBC shall, at its
expense, assist \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 the insured by investigating
and negotiating a settlement where in its opinion such \line \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex100 assistance is necessary, and subject to an application and direction
s given by the court \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 under section 79 of the
\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 defend in the
name of the insured against any action for \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex85 da
mages (s. 74). \par\pard\li2881\sb273\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11
\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 7.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95
\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 Rights of the Corporation\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0
\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1221\sb60\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 As of January 1, 1993, ICBC has the righ
t, subject to section 79 of the Act, on assuming the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex94 defence of an action for damages brought against an insured, to the excl
usive conduct and \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 control of the defence. Th
is right includes, but is not limited to, the right to appoint and \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-8\charscalex95 instruct counsel, to admit liability, to negotiate, and to
settle out of court (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3
\fs20 , s. 74.1). \par\pard\li2881\sb256\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw
-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 8.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscale
x94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 Exclusions From Coverage\par\pard\ql \li3601\s
b0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb49\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsc
alex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Without being exhaustive, the principal exclu
sions from coverage are as follows: \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb210\sl-230\slmult0\tx
3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex81 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 neither

garage service operators nor their employees are covered by the owner\u8223?s \p
ar\pard\qj \li3961\ri1220\sb16\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 certi
ficate issued for customers\u8223? vehicles while the vehicle is in the care, cu
stody, or \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 control of the garage service opera
tor or his or her employee for a purpose relating to \line \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex92 the business. \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \u8220?Garage service operat
or\u8221? is defined in Part 1 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\n
osupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 as \u8220?the \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 operato
r of a motor vehicle service facility and includes a dealer, service station \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 operator, motor vehicle repairman, auto body sho
p repairman, wrecker operator, and \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 the opera
tor of a vehicle parking or storage facility\u8221? (s. 57). To offset the effec
t of s. \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 57, the garage service operator must
obtain special coverage pursuant to s. 150. \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 b
) \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 losses suffered when an insured is operatin
g a motor vehicle not described in an \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 owner\u8223?s certificate issued to the insured when,
under \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 65(2)
: \par\pard\li3956\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li3956\sb9\sl-230\slmult0\fi96\tx
4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 i.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 the vehicl
e is being operated by the insured in connection with the business of a\par\pard
\li3956\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi547 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 garage service ope
rator;\par\pard\li3956\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi47\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex92 ii.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 the vehicle is owned or regularly oper
ated by an insured;\par\pard\li3956\sb221\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex92 iii.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 the motor vehicle is used
for carrying passengers for compensation or hire or for\par\pard\li3956\sb1\sl225\slmult0\fi547 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 commercial use;\par\pard\ql \li39
56\ri1266\sb220\sl-220\slmult0\tx4503 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 iv. the vehi
cle is unlicensed, under the MVA or analogous legislation, and the insured \line
\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 does not have reasonable grounds to believe th
at it is licensed; \par\pard\ql \li4004\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4004\r
i1369\sb2\sl-230\slmult0\tx4503\tx4503 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 v. the mot
or vehicle is owned or operated by Canada or the government of another \line\tab
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 province, territory, or state (IVA, s. 43), or is
used in extraprovincial trade (s. \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 44); or
\par\pard\ql \li3956\ri1240\sb219\sl-220\slmult0\tx4503 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsca
lex95 vi. the insured is operating the vehicle without the consent of the owner
and does not \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 have reasonable grounds to
believe he or she has consent. \par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li36
01\sb10\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 c)\tab \up0 \expn
dtw-9\charscalex92 loss or damage to property (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 72.1(1)(b)):\par\pard\li3601\sb222\sl-230\sl
mult0\fi360\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 i)\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale
x92 carried in or on an insured vehicle;\par\pard\li3601\sb221\sl-230\slmult0\fi
360\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 ii)\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 own
ed or rented by an insured;\par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\
li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li
5944\sb189\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-8 \par\pard\sect\sectd
\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg13}{\bkmkend Pg13}\pa
r\pard\ql \li3961\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3961\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par
\pard\ql\li3961\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3961\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\p
ard\ql\li3961\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3961\sb19\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 iii) in the care, custody, or
control of an insured. \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3
601\ri1217\sb19\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 d) A gener
al or special assessment, penalty or premium payable under the \ul0\nosupersub\c
f15\f16\fs20\ul Workers \line\ul0\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Compensation Act \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 of a similar la

w of another jurisdiction \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\l
i3601\ri1217\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 e)
Under part 4, 6, 7, or 10 in respect of injury, death, loss or damage arising
out of \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 radioactive, toxic, explosive or o
ther hazardous properties of prescribed substances and \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9
\charscalex92 the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Atomic Entergy Contract Act\u
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 56(1)(a)). \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql
\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 f) \tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex100 Under \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 s. 20 (uninsured vehicles), \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul
0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 24 (hit and run accidents), \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f1
6\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 49.3 \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1227\sb
0\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 (default of premiums), Part 7, or
Part 10 in respect of injury, death, loss or damage \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex1
00 arising, directly or indirectly out of a declared or undeclared war or insurr
ection, \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 rebellion or revolution (\ul0\nosupersub\cf
15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 56(1)(b)). \par\pard\ql \li36
01\ri1217\sb200\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 g) U
nder \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 20, \ul
0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 24, \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 49, \ul0\nosupersub\cf1
5\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 49.3(1)(b), Part 6, or Part 10
in respect \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 of punitive or exemplary damag
es or other similar non-compensatory damages (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul I
VR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 56(1)\
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 (c)). \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex91 h) punitive damages or other non-compensatory damages
(s. 56(1)(c)); \par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li3601\sb6\sl-230\s
lmult0\fi0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 i)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
96 unauthorized or unqualified operation of a motor vehicle, i.e. lack of a vali
d driver\u8223?s\par\pard\li3601\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex95 license (s. 55(3)(a)); and\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb219\sl-230\slmult0\tx396
1 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 j) \tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 a general
or special assessment, penalty or premium, payable under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf1
5\f16\fs20\ul Workers\u8223? \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expnd
tw-9\charscalex93 Compensation Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or similar Act (\
ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 72.1(1)(a)).
\par\pard\li2881\sb267\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95
\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 9.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf10\f11\fs24 Forfeiture of Claims and Exceptions\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb40\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Apart from exclusions, a claim may be forfeited und
er s. 75 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
if: \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1228\sb19\sl220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 a) an applicant for coverage
falsely describes the vehicle for which the application is \line\tab \up0 \expnd
tw-9\charscalex93 made to the prejudice of the insurer; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0
\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1222\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex94 b) an applicant for coverage knowingly misrepresents or fai
ls to disclose in the application \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 a fact
required to be stated therein; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard
\ql\li3601\ri1227\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 c) a
n insured violates a term or condition of or commits a fraud in relation to the
plan or \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 the OIC; \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1
219\sb216\sl-226\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex100 d) an insured makes a \u8220?wilfully false statement\u8221?
with respect to a claim under a plan of \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 i
nsurance. According to Brooks v. ICBC (1994), 89 B.C.L.R. (2d) 215 (S.C.), per B
ouck \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 J., the purpose of s. 19(1)(e) (now

\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 75(c)) is
to prevent intentionally deceitful \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 missta
tements for the purpose of defrauding the insurer; \u8220?exaggerated guesses\u8
221? by an \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 insured as to the value of a l
ost motor vehicle, or a figure inserted for the purpose of \line\tab \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex98 goading an insurer into action, are insufficient to deny cover
age unless a fraudulent \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 purpose on the pa
rt of the insured is shown. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj
\li3601\ri1217\sb8\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 The Corporation m
ust relieve an insured from a forfeiture of the benefits under section 75 \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex95 that it considers equitable if, as a result of an acciden
t, the insured dies or suffers a loss of \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 function
of mind or body that renders the insured permanently incapable of engaging in \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 any occupation for wages or profit (\ul0\nosupersub\c
f15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 19(3)). \par\pard\ql \li3601
\sb211\sl-230\slmult0\tx7182 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 Because there are v
arious definitions of \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \u8220?insured\u8221?
in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 , the only \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1225\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex100 reasonable interpretation of s. 19 is that it is to be read very bro
adly to include all of the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 definitions: see K
hatkar v. ICBC (1993), 25 C.C.L.I. (2d) 243 (B.C. Prov. Ct.), per Stansfield \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 Prov. Ct. J. \par\pard\ql \li5944\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb0\sl-230\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li5944\sb10\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-9 \pa
r\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3961\shpto
p9693\shpright4143\shpbottom9937\shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpfblwtxt1\shpz479\
shplid31
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0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg14}{\bkmkend Pg14}\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmu
lt0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pa
rd\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb97\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0
\expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24 10.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11
\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 Breach of Conditions and Exceptions\
par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb42\sl-230\slmult0 \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Coverage may be lost if
an insured breaches certain other conditions, including: \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb
0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1220\sb19\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961 \u
p0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 a) failing to notify ICBC by prompt written notice
of any claim and/or failing to \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 cooperate
with the Corporation in the investigation, settlement or defence of a claim \lin
e\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 or action to the prejudice of the Corporation
(\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 73); \par
\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex95 b) unauthorized or unqualified operation of a motor ve
hicle (s. 55(3)(a)); \par\pard\li3601\sb229\sl-230\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex97 c) using the vehicle in illicit trades, racing, or to avoid arrest
or other police action (ss.\par\pard\li3601\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expn
dtw-9\charscalex87 55(3)\t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 (b), (c) and (d));\par\p
ard\ql \li3601\sb206\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 d) towing an
unregistered, unlicensed trailer (s. 55(4)); \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1224\sb8\sl-226\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\t
x3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 e) using a vehicle for a purpose di
fferent from the use declared by the insured in the \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex97 application for insurance (s. 55(2)) except as \u8220?occasionally\u8
221? permitted. For example: \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \u8220?occa
sionally\u8221? using a vehicle to go to and from work when it is insured only f
or \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 pleasure use. ICBC has ways to determ
ine whether or not you are more than \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 occa
sionally breaching such a condition and if such a change of use is contemplated,
\line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 additional coverage should be bought (se
e Schedule 1, s. 2, Table 2 for the permitted \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex87 uses); or \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb211\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-1\
charscalex100 f) \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 misrepresenting the principa
l driver of the insured vehicle. Note that the court will \par\pard\qj \li3961\r
i1216\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 consider the entire period
covered by the insurance in determining who was the prin\up0 \expndtw-9\charsca
lex90 cipal driver: see Dehm v. ICBC (1982), 32 B.C.L.R. 23. \par\pard\qj \li360
1\ri1221\sb182\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 There are \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf3\f4\fs20 exceptions to the breach of conditions\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 . Despite any breach of condition, \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 insura
nce money is still provided to third parties in cases where the insured person w
as: \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1228\sb217\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-6\char
scalex100 a) incapable of properly controlling the vehicle because of the infl
uence of alcohol or \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 drugs; \par\pard\ql \
li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex97 b) convicted under any one of the following sections of the \ul0
\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Criminal Code\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.C. 1
985, \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 c. C-4
6 (see also \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\
f3\fs20 , s. 28.02 Table 4): \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\q
l\li4321\sb23\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 s. 220: causing death
by criminal negligence in the operation of a motor vehicle; \par\pard\li4321\sb0
\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb36\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4517 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex74 s.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 221: causing bodily harm by crim
inal negligence in the operation of a motor\par\pard\li4321\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\f
i0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 vehicle;\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\
pard\li4321\sb22\sl-230\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 s. 236: manslau
ghter;\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb20\sl-230\slmult0\fi
0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 s. 249: dangerous operation of a motor vehicle;\p
ar\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb21\sl-230\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex94 s. 252: failure to stop at the scene of an accident;\par\
pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb20\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4561\tx
10608 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex76 s.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 253: dri
ving while impaired or with a blood-alcohol level exceeding\tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex94 80\par\pard\li4321\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex94 milligrams per 100 millilitres;\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb15\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 s. 254 (
5): refusal or failure to give a breath sample; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\
slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb20\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 s.
255(2) and (3): impaired driving causing bodily harm or death; \par\pard\ql \li4
321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb20\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex93 s. 259 (4): driving while disqualified; \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb230\sl230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-10 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw1
2240\paperh15840{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3961\shptop1440\shpright4143\shpbottom16
84\shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpfblwtxt1\shpz29\shplid41
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg15}{\bkmkend Pg15}\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmu
rd\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\
sb60\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx8206 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2
\f3\fs20 conviction under \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Youth Criminal Justic
e Act\ul0\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (Canada)
for any of the above\par\pard\li4321\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex100 offences;\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb22\sl230\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 conviction or \u8220?similar resul
t\u8221? in a jurisdiction in the U.S.;\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\p
ard\li4321\sb20\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx6162\tx6775 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 co
nviction under ss.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 95 or\tab \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex100 102 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf2\f3\fs20 (both concern driving while\par\pard\li4321\sb1\sl-223\slmult
0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 prohibited);\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-220\
slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1225\sb27\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscale
x100 conviction under a provision of the law of another Canadian or American \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 jurisdiction similar to ss. 95 or 102 of the \ul0\nosu
persub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ; or \par\pard\ql \li3601
\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1218\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \
expndtw-4\charscalex100 c) permitting another person to use the insured\u8223?
s vehicle and such use results in a \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 convi
ction for any of the offences outlined above (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul I
A Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 55). \par\pard\li2881\sb273\sl-276
\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs24
11.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 Additional N
otes\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb20\sl-276\slmult0\fi72
0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Info
rmation and Evidence\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\
ri1221\sb23\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 ICBC has a broad right to compel the insured and others to provide informati
on \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 set out in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs
20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . Specific types of information ICBC can de
mand are noted in s. \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1228\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndt
w-5\charscalex100 11 (combined forms and information); s. 27 (accident report);
s. 28 (medical \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 reports); s. 29 (employers\u8223? re
ports); and s. 30 (superintendent\u8223?s records). \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb229\s
l-230\slmult0\tx8902\tx9529\tx10515 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 According to
McKnight v. General Casualty Insurance, \tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 [1
931] \tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 2 W.W.R. \tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex
89 315 \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1226\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
96 (B.C.C.A.), an insured need not provide information or evidence to an insuran
ce \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 company respecting a breach if the company is co
ntemplating using such a breach \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 to deny liability t
o the insured. This is not considered to be refusing to cooperate \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex98 with the insurer in the defence of the action. However, the insur
ed may have to \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 give information regarding the accid
ent itself. \par\pard\li3601\sb238\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-10\ch
arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100
Limitations\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-228\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1219\sb
46\sl-228\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Under
\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 76, no pers
on shall commence an action to enforce any third-party \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x96 liability for bodily injury and/or property damage except as provided by s.
3(2)(a) \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Li
mitation Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . It provides a two-year limitation peri
od for actions for \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 damages for injury to a person
or property, including damage action against a \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 driv
er whose negligence is said to have caused loss and damages to the plaintiff; \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 and against the owner of the vehicle driven by that d
river. \par\pard\li3601\sb234\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charsca
lex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Service
on ICBC\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1225\sb61\
sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Anyone
who commences an action for damages caused by a motor vehicle or \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex95 trailer must also serve the Corporation with a copy of the Writ of
Summons in the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 same way the defendant is served an
d must file proof of the service in the court in \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 wh
ich the action is commenced. No further step in the action can be taken until \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 eight days after filing of the service in the court (
\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 22). \par\p
ard\li3601\sb239\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\n
osupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 d)\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 Mid-Term Changes\p
ar\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb46\sl-230\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The insured named in the
owner\u8223?s certificate must: \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\par
d\ql\li4321\ri1225\sb19\sl-220\slmult0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 a)
within 10 days after his or her address is changed or he or she acquires a \lin
e\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 substitute vehicle for the vehicle described
in the certificate; or \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li58
96\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896
\sb102\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-11 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs
24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg16}{\bkmkend Pg16}\par\p
ard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pa
rd\ql\li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard
\ql\li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\ri1218\sb43\sl-226\slmult0\tx4
682\tx4682\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 b)
before the use of the vehicle described in the certificate is changed to a use t
o \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 which a different insurance rate appli
es or the vehicle described in the \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 certi
ficate is principally used in a territory other than the territory set out in \l
ine\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 the certificate \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl
-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb1\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94
report the changes of address, vehicle, use or territory to a person referred t
o in s. \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 3 o
f the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , and pay
or be refunded the resulting difference in premium. \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1220\
sb214\sl-228\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 If the premium for a vehicle
is established on the basis of the territory in which \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
96 the vehicle is primarily located when not in use and that territory as set ou
t in the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 certificate is changed, the insured named
on the owner\u8223?s certificate must, unless \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the v
ehicle is being used by the insured for vacation purposes, report the change \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 to a person referred to in s. 3 of the \ul0\nosupersub
\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 within 30 days of the change,

and pay or \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 be refunded the resulting difference in
premium \par\pard\li2161\sb239\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charsc
alex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 B.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Accide
nt (\u8220?No Fault\u8221?) Benefits: Part 7 of the IVR\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-2
76\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb19\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\cha
rscalex96 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 General\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\s
l-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1222\sb65\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Regardless of who is at fault in an accide
nt, ICBC pays benefits for injury to occupants of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex96 the insured\u8223?s vehicle and to pedestrians and cyclists injured by that
vehicle. The accident \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 benefits, commonly cal
led \u8220?no fault\u8221? benefits, are payable to an insured for death or inju
ry \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 caused by an accident arising out of the o
wner\u8223?s ownership, use, or operation of a vehicle in \line \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex93 Canada or the U.S., or a vehicle travelling between Canada and the
U.S. (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 79(1)
). \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1217\sb203\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93
In Amos v. ICBC, [1995] 3 S.C.R. 405, the Supreme Court of Canada laid out a tw
o-part test \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 for determining if death or injury fall
s within the scope of s. 79(1): \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1220\sb217\sl-220\slmult0
\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 a) the accident must result from the
ordinary and well-known activities to which \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale
x91 automobiles are put; and \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\q
l\li3601\ri1227\sb10\sl-226\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsca
lex95 b) there must be some nexus or causal relationship (not necessarily a di
rect or proximate \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 causal relationship) be
tween the plaintiff\u8223?s injuries and the owner\u8223?s ownership, use, or \l
ine\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 operation of his or her vehicle. That is,
the connection between the injuries and the \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
94 ownership, use, or operation of the vehicle must not be merely incidental or
fortuitous. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1218\sb211\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex96 The court reversed the B.C. Court of Appeal judgment and held that the
plaintiff\u8223?s injuries \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 (he was shot whi
le driving away from a gang trying to gain entry into his vehicle) were \line \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 causally connected to his ownership and the use of hi
s vehicle. However, Major J. noted \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 that if t
he gunshots had been truly random and not causally connected to the plaintiff\u8
223?s \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 ownership of the vehicle then his injur
ies would not have been covered under s. 79(1). \par\pard\li2881\sb231\sl-276\sl
mult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 2.\
tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Benefits Payable\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-276\sl
mult0\par\pard\li2881\sb20\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscal
ex93 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Disability Benefits for Employed Perso
ns\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb41\sl-230\slmult
0\tx5611\tx8857 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Where,
within \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 20 days after an accident for which \
tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \u8220?no fault\u8221? benefits are \par\pard\
qj \li4321\ri1221\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 provided, an i
njury sustained in an accident completely disables an insured who is \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex94 an employed person from engaging in employment (or an oc
cupation for wages or \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 profit for which he or
she is suited), then the Corporation is obliged to pay that \line \up0 \expndtw
-9\charscalex91 insured \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \u8220?no fault\u8221? ben
efits \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 80). It should be noted
that \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 \u8220?employed \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1219\sb
13\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 person\u8221? is defined in s. 78
as a person who, on the day of the accident for which \line \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex95 the claim is made, is employed or is actively engaged in an occupation
for wages \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 or profit, or a person who for an

y 6 months during the previous 12 months \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 imm
ediately preceding the date of an accident for which the claim is made, is \par\
pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\p
ard\ql\li5896\sb152\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-12 \par\pard\
sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg17}{\bkmken
d Pg17}\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-226\sl
lt0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1227\sb43\sl-22
6\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 employed or
actively engaged in an occupation for wages or profit. Eligible \line \up0 \expn
dtw-7\charscalex100 insureds who are totally unable to engage in employment can
collect either 75 \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 percent of their average gr
oss weekly earnings (see s. 80 for calculation) or $300 \line \up0 \expndtw-7\ch
arscalex100 per week \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 (whichever is less) for the l
ength of the disability or \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 104 weeks \par\pard\ql \
li4321\sb0\sl-219\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 (whichever is shorter). \
par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li3601\sb9\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx5042
\up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE\ul0\nosupersub\c
f2\f3\fs20 :\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 These figures are accurate as of
January 2006 (B.C. Reg. 333/2005).\par\pard\ql \li5042\sb1\sl-209\slmult0 \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex90 Please see Schedule 3, s. 2 for current figures. \par\par
d\li3601\sb248\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosu
persub\cf10\f11\fs24 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Disability Benefits fo
r Homemakers\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1224\s
b50\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Home
makers are also eligible for no fault benefits if an injury is sustained in an \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 accident, and it substantially or continuously disab
les the insured from regularly \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 performing most hous
ehold tasks. Under \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 s. 84(1), ICBC will compensate the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 insured for
the duration of the disability or 104 consecutive weeks, whichever is \up0 \expn
dtw-5\charscalex100 shorter, for reasonable expenses incurred by the insured to
hire a person to \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 perform household tasks on the ins
ured\u8223?s behalf, up to a maximum of $145 per \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 w
eek (see Schedule 3, s. 2). No compensation is payable for household tasks \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex91 performed by the insured\u8223?s family members (s. 84(2
)). \par\pard\li3601\sb247\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex
93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Disability
Beyond 104 Weeks\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1
222\sb38\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20
If at the end of the two years, the total disability continues, an insured unde
r ss. 80 \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 or 84 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f
16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 shall continue to receive the payment
s for the duration of the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 disability or until
the age of 65, whichever is shorter (s. 86). Where benefits are \line \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex96 payable under the Canada Pension Plan, the no fault benefits
otherwise payable \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 are reduced by the amount
of the Canada Pension Plan benefits (s. 86). \par\pard\li3601\sb222\sl-230\slmul
t0\fi0\tx5042 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE:\tab
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Any benefits payable u
nder ss. 80, 84, or 86 may be reviewed every 12\par\pard\qj \li5042\ri1225\sb0\s
l-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 months and terminated by ICBC on the
advice of its medical adviser (s. \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 87). \par\p
ard\li3601\sb203\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\no
supersub\cf10\f11\fs24 d)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Medical or Rehabilit
ation Benefits\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1217
\sb58\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 I
n addition to the total temporary disability benefits described above, ICBC is \
line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 obliged to pay all reasonable expenses incurre
d by the insured as a result of the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 injury fo

r necessary medical, surgical, dental, hospital, ambulance or professional \line
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 nursing service, or for necessary physio
therapy, chiropractic treatment, \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 occupat
ional therapy or speech therapy or for prosthesis or orthosis (\ul0\nosupersub\c
f15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charsc
alex94 88(1)). In appropriate cases, ICBC may also provide attendant care to the
insured \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 to perform duties normally undertak
en by the insured (s. 88(2)(c)). Pursuant to \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97
Schedule 3, s. 3, ICBC\u8223?s liability for rehabilitation benefits is limited
to $150,000 \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 for accidents that occurred on o
r after January 1, 1990. ICBC is not liable for \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
93 expenses payable to the insured under a medical, surgical, dental, or hospita
l plan, \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 or paid or payable by another insurer
(s. 88(6)). \par\pard\li3601\sb235\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\c
harscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 e)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 D
eath Benefits\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb50\sl
-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 In the eve
nt of the applicant\u8223?s death, ICBC will pay: \par\pard\ql \li4321\ri1220\sb
210\sl-230\slmult0\tx4682\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 a) up to $2,500
towards funeral expenses if the accident that caused the death of \line\tab \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex96 the applicant occurred on or after January 1, 1996 (s.
4 of Schedule 3 of the \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf
15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ); \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230
\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\s
lmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb130\sl-230\s
lmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-13 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\
paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg18}{\bkmkend Pg18}\par\pard\li4321\sb0\
sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\p
ard\li4321\sb32\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 \ul0\nosu
persub\cf2\f3\fs20 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 $5,000 if the deceased wa
s a head of a household, plus a Supplemental Death\par\pard\qj \li4682\ri1220\sb
0\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 benefit of $1,000 for each survivo
r other than the first, plus Additional Death \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex10
0 Benefits of $145 per week for the first survivor and $35 per week for each \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 additional survivor for a duration of 104 weeks
(ss. 92 - 94), see Schedule 3 \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 ss. 5, 6 and 7;
c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 $2,500 if the deceased was a spouse of a ho
usehold, plus a Supplemental\par\pard\li3601\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi1080 \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex98 Death benefit of $1,000 for each survivor other than the fir
st, plus Additional\par\pard\li3601\sb1\sl-226\slmult0\fi1080 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex98 Death Benefits of $145 per week for the first survivor and $35 per we
ek for\par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi1080\tx8364\tx9992\tx10160 \up0 \exp
ndtw-9\charscalex97 each additional survivor for a duration of\tab \up0 \expndtw
-9\charscalex97 104 weeks (ss. 92\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 -\tab \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex97 94), see\par\pard\li3601\sb1\sl-224\slmult0\fi1080 \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex97 Schedule 3 ss. 5, 6, 8; and\par\pard\li3601\sb224\sl-230\s
lmult0\fi720\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 d)\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex97 $500 to $1,500 for the death of each dependent child, depending on the\par\
pard\li3601\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi1080 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 child\u8223?s
age (see Schedule 3, s. 5).\par\pard\li3601\sb224\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx5042 \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE:\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Status with respect to \u8220?head of h
ousehold\u8221?, \u8220?spouse of household\u8221?. or\par\pard\qj \li5042\ri122
4\sb1\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \u8220?dependent child\u8221?
is determined at the date of death resulting from a \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex9
3 motor vehicle accident. \par\pard\li2881\sb243\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0
\expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\c
harscalex94 Conditions and Exclusions\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \pa

r\pard\qj\li3601\ri1230\sb62\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ICBC is not liable to pay any of these benefits in any of t
he following situations (check the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 very carefully, as the fo
llowing is only a brief summary of complicated provisions): \par\pard\ql \li3601
\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw9\charscalex81 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 where an insured refuses to
undergo any medical, surgical, or other similar treatment, \par\pard\qj \li3961\
ri1222\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 which, in the opinion of
the Corporation\u8223?s medical adviser or vocational adviser, and in \line \up0
\expndtw-5\charscalex100 the opinion of the medical practitioner attending an i
nsured, is likely to relieve in \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 whole or in p
art the disability of the insured; or where an insured refuses to undergo a \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 retraining or educational program likely to assi
st in his or her rehabilitation. Section \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 90(2
) provides that the Corporation must first give an insured at least 60 days noti
ce in \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 writing, by registered mail, of the Co
rporation\u8223?s intention to terminate payment of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charsc
alex97 benefits. The insured may, within that 60-day period, apply to the Suprem
e Court for \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 an injunction against the termina
tion of the benefits, on the ground that the treatment \line \up0 \expndtw-7\cha
rscalex100 the insured is required to undergo is unlikely to relieve the disabil
ity, or that it may \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 injuriously affect the b
alance of his or her health, or that the program is not likely to \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex90 assist in rehabilitation (s. 90(3)); \par\pard\ql \li3601\s
b225\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 b) \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex97 if the applicant resides outside B.C. and the vehicle in which he o
r she was riding or \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex92 driving at the material time was not designated in an owner\u8223?s cer
tificate (s. 96(a)); \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601
\sb3\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 c) \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex96 if the applicant at the time of the accident was an occupant of, or
struck by, a vehicle \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1217\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expnd
tw-4\charscalex100 that could not be licensed under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16
\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Com
mercial Transport Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20
\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 96(b)
(i)); \par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li3601\sb3\sl-230\slmult0\fi0
\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 d)\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 if th
e death or injury resulted from suicide or attempted suicide whether \u8220?sane
or\par\pard\li3601\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 insan
e\u8221? (s. 96(c));\par\pard\li3601\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3961 \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex100 e)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 if the vehicle is being
used in an illicit trade (s. 96(e));\par\pard\li3601\sb221\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx
3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 f)\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 if the d
eath or injury is a result of a sickness or disease, as distinct from an injury\
par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1231\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 cause
d by the accident, unless the sickness or disease was itself a direct result of
the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 accident (s. 96(f)); \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb181
\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 g) \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex98 if prompt notice of the accident was not given to ICBC, and a written r
eport was not \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
96 provided within 30 days of the accident, and a proof of claim was not provide
d within \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb13\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100
90 days of the accident (s. 97); the proof of claim is a standard form authorize
d by \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb40\sl-230\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-14 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\pape
rh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg19}{\bkmkend Pg19}\par\pard\qj \li3961\sb0\
sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\sb0\sl

-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\sb0\sl-2
20\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\ri1227\sb78\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsc
alex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ICBC and provided to applicants. The Corporat
ion must have suffered prejudice as a \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 result of the
applicant\u8223?s failure to comply with s. 97; or \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl225\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1223\sb11\sl-225\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\
tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 h) if an insured fails, after asked by th
e Corporation, to promptly furnish a certificate of \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex94 an attending medical practitioner, dentist, or chiropractor as to the
nature and extent of \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 the insured\u8223?s
injury and the treatment, current condition, and prognosis of the injury (s. \l
ine\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 98). The Corporation must have suffered pre
judice as a result of the insured\u8223?s failure \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex96 to comply with s. 98. \par\pard\li2881\sb245\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw
-11\charscalex94 Forfeiture and Breach of Conditions\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl240\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1223\sb22\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The same provisions apply as those outlined
under Third Party Legal Liability. These are \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 contai
ned in s. 19 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 and s. 55 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3
\fs20 . \par\pard\li2881\sb231\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charsc
alex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Limita
tions to Filing an Action Against ICBC\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \p
ar\pard\ql\li3601\sb52\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf2\f3\fs20 No person shall commence an action in respect of accident benefit
s unless: \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1900\sb202\sl-240\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex94 a) he has substantially complied with the provisions of section
s 97 to 100 that are \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 applicable to him, a
nd \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb209\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 b) t
he action is commenced within 2 years after: \par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
i.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 the date of the accident for which the benef
its are claimed, or\par\pard\li2161\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi1843\tx4321 \up0 \exp
ndtw-6\charscalex100 ii.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 where benefits have be
en paid, the date he received the last accident benefit\par\pard\li2161\sb1\sl-2
23\slmult0\fi2160 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 payment.\par\pard\li2161\sb234\sl
-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\f
s24 C.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 First Party Coverage: Part 10 of the IV
R\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb19\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\t
x3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex83 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Inverse
Liability and Uninsured or Hit and Run Accidents Outside\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb
1\sl-267\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 B.C.: Division 1 \par\pard\qj \li
3601\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1218\sb67\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The basic compulsory coverage wi
ll also pay for loss or damage to a B.C. vehicle resulting \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex97 from an accident when the accident occurred in a place in Canada or the
U.S. where the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 right to recover losses is legally p
rohibited, or if the residence of the person responsible for \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex98 the accident is in such place. \u8220?Loss or damage\u8221? in this se
ction means loss or damage to \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 which collision cover
age applies (which is optional: see \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 Section II.B.2:
Collision\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 of this \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 chapt
er). Compensation for loss or damage is to the extent to which the insured would
have \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 recovered if he or she had a right of action
(\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 147). \par
\pard\ql \li2881\sb234\sl-276\slmult0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex90 \ul0\
nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 2. \tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Underinsured Moto
rist Protection (UMP): Division 2 \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\p
ard\qj\li3601\ri1222\sb91\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu

persub\cf2\f3\fs20 This part of the basic compulsory coverage provides protectio
n against bodily injury or \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 death for the victim of
an accident caused by a motorist who does not carry sufficient \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex94 insurance to pay for the claims. The maximum coverage under UMP is
$1,000,000 for each \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 insured person (Schedule 3, s.
13 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ). \pa
r\pard\li3601\sb250\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0
\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Who is Covered\pa
r\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1225\sb75\sl-220\slmu
lt0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 UMP coverage protec
ts the individual named in the owner\u8223?s certificate, members \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex93 of his or her household, any person who is an occupant of t
he insured vehicle, and \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 any person entitled,
in the jurisdiction in which the accident occurred, to maintain \line \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex95 an action against the underinsured motorist for damages becau
se of the death of \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\s
b0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb92\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex90 12-15 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\
bkmkstart Pg20}{\bkmkend Pg20}\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\
qj\li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj
\li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\l
i4321\ri1226\sb49\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf
2\f3\fs20 one of the insured. It is available where death or injury of an insure
d is caused by \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the operation of a vehicle ope
rated by an underinsured motorist in Canada or the \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charsca
lex100 United States. The insured need not be in his or her car to be eligible t
o be \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 compensated. ICBC provides this coverage
automatically to all holders of a valid \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 B.C.
driver\u8223?s license and members of their household (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16
\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 49.3). \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb233\s
l-276\slmult0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24
b) \tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Restrictions on Liability and Special Con
ditions \par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-228\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1221\sb56\
sl-228\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 For acci
dents occurring outside B.C., the \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 law of the jurisdi
ction determines the \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 legal liability of an und
erinsured motorist\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 where the accident occurred, \up0
\expndtw-1\charscalex100 whereas the \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 amount\ul0\nos
upersub\cf2\f3\fs20 of the UMP claim is determined by B.C. law. UMP \up0 \expnd
tw-6\charscalex100 protection does not apply in a jurisdiction where the right t
o sue for injuries is \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 barred by law (\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR,\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 148.2(4)). UMP coverage d
oes not apply to vehicles used as \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 buses, taxis, or
limousines (s. 148.4). \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1222\sb203\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex94 Any dispute between the claimant and ICBC must be arbitrate
d. An arbitrator who \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 adjudicates a dispute un
der this section must publish the reasons for the decision. \par\pard\li2881\sb2
34\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\
f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Forfeiture and Breach of Condition
s\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1223\sb57\sl-226\
slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Under \ul0\nos
upersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR,\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 148.2(5), the same
provisions apply as those outlined under Third Party \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex9
5 Legal Liability (see V.B.13: Forfeiture of Claims and Breach of Conditions, of
this chapter). \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 An award otherwise available under
UMP will be reduced by any amount forfeited by a \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 b
reach outlined in s. 55. \par\pard\li2161\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \
expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 D.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\ch
arscalex96 Uninsured Motorists or Unidentified Motorist (Hit and Run) Cases\par\
pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb19\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx3601
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Protection of
Third Parties from Damage by Uninsured Vehicles: s. 20\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb1\
sl-263\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs2
4\ul IVA \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1227\sb73
\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 When d
eath, personal injury, or property damage results from the use of an uninsured \
line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 vehicle, ICBC is deemed to be the agent of the
owner of that vehicle for service of notice. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\sl
3 Where a person has a claim under s. 20 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , the claimant should make application to \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex96 the Corporation, in a form prescribed by the Corporation,
for payment of the damages he \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 or she seeks to clai
m (s. 20(2)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1228
\sb20\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 On receipt of the application,
the Corporation must forward by registered mail a notice of \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex98 it to the owner or driver of the uninsured motor vehicle, addressed to
the latest, and any \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 other, address shown for him o
r her in ICBC records (s. 20(3)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\p
ard\qj\li3601\ri1225\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 Where ICBC
pays out any amount under this section, it is subrogated to the rights of the \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 person paid and the Corporation may maintain an actio
n in its name or in the name of that \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 person against
the person liable (s. 20(11)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1217\sb214\sl-226\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 ICBC may intervene at any stage of an action broug
ht pursuant to s. 20 and may, inter alia, \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 apply to
have any judgments set aside (s. 20(7)), and the Corporation may defend the acti
on \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 in the name of the defendant and conduct that p
erson\u8223?s defence. All acts done in this \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 respec
t are deemed to be acts of the defendant (s. 20(7)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl
-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1226\sb19\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex94 The Corporation may at any stage, at its discretion, compromise and set
tle a claim brought \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 under s. 20. \par\pard\qj \li36
01\ri1227\sb204\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Notwithstanding the
number of claims or the number of people making claims, the limit of \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex96 ICBC\u8223?s liability for payment of all claims under s
. 20 arising out of the same accident is \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb89\sl-230\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-16 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh1
5840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg21}{\bkmkend Pg21}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-22
0\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\
x94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 $200,000, including claims for costs, pre-judgme
nt, and post-judgment interest (see \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nos
upersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 105 and Schedule 3, s. 9(1
)). \par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb11\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\
tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE:\tab \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Under the new \ul0\nosupersub
\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , an uninsured motorist continu
es to be defined as someone\par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1849\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex94 who operates a motor vehicle without third party liabilit
y coverage (at least \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 $100,000). \par\pard\ql \li288
1\sb204\sl-276\slmult0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10
\f11\fs24 2. \tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 Unidentified Motorist (Hit and
Run) Victims: s. 24 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs24\ul IVA \par\pard\qj \li
3601\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1218\sb65\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \exp
ndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Where personal injury, death, o
r property damage over $150 arises out of the use of a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex96 vehicle in British Columbia and the identity of the driver and owner c
annot be ascertained \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 (or the owner, if known,
is not liable, as would be the case if the vehicle had been stolen), \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex95 the injured party may sue ICBC. No claim may be made no
r judgment given against ICBC \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 unless the cou
rt is satisfied that all reasonable efforts have been made to ascertain the \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 identity of the owner and driver (\ul0\nosupersub
\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 24(5)). If the identity of
those persons cannot be \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 ascertained, ICBC is
authorized to compromise and settle any such claims. \par\pard\ql \li2881\sb0\s
l-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb2\sl-230\slmult0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw0\chars
calex103 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE: \tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Before an action can be commenced, s. 24(2) requires w
ritten notice to the \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1217\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndt
w-8\charscalex97 Corporation \u8220?as soon as reasonably practicable\u8221? and
within six months after the \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 accident. Once notice
has been properly provided, the limitation period is two \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex94 years from the date of the loss, pursuant to the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16
\fs20\ul Limitation Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \par\pard\ql \li2881\sb0\sl
-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb166\sl-276\slmult0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\ch
arscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3. \tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 C
onditions of Liability Under ss. 20 and 24 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf17\f18\fs24\
ul IVA \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1217\sb34\s
l-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ICBC is n
ot liable to an owner of a vehicle who makes a claim under s. 24 of the \ul0\nos
upersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 for \up0 \expndtw-9\cha
rscalex90 loss or damage where the owner, without reasonable cause, has not: \pa
r\pard\ql \li3601\sb209\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 a) made a
report to the police within 48 hours of discovering the loss or damage; \par\par
d\ql \li3601\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 b) obtained the
police case file number for the report; and \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1220\sb202\s
l-240\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 c) on the request of the Co
rporation, advised the Corporation of the police case file \line\tab \up0 \expnd
tw-9\charscalex92 number (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf
2\f3\fs20 , s. 107(1)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1223\sb209\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \e
xpndtw-8\charscalex96 ICBC is not liable for a claim under ss. 20 or 24 of the \
ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 for loss or dama
ge to a vehicle \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 arising while the vehicle is, witho
ut the consent of the owner, in the possession of another \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex91 (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 107(
2)(a)). \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1217\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charsca
lex100 ICBC is not liable for a claim under s. 24 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f1
6\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 by the Province, Canada, or by a \line
\up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 municipality, public or private utility, or other
similar person in respect to damage to a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 hig
hway or a structure or thing placed or maintained in, on, under or over a highwa
y (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , \par\pard\q
l \li3601\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 s. 107(2)(b)). \par\pa
rd\li2881\sb245\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nos
upersub\cf10\f11\fs24 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Forfeiture and Breach
of Conditions\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1230
\sb61\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Th
e same provisions apply as those outlined under Third Party Legal Liability. The
se are \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 contained in s. 19 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf
15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and s. 55 of the \ul0\nosupersub\
cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \par\pard\li2881\sb253\sl-276\
slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 5
.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Additional Notes\par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb53\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 a) Insured\u8223?s obligation to seek other sourc
es of coverage \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1221\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch

arscalex94 If, under s. 83 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or s. 81 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosu
persub\cf2\f3\fs20 , an applicant has other insurance or has a \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex94 right, benefit or claim: \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\
pard\ql\li5896\sb141\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-17 \par\pard
\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg22}{\bkmke
nd Pg22}\par\pard\li4052\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4052\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\p
ar\pard\li4052\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4052\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li
4052\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4052\sb32\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \exp
ndtw-9\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 i.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x93 under the Workers\u8223? Compensation Act, R.S.B.C 1996, c. 492, or a simila
r law or\par\pard\ql \li4503\sb1\sl-202\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 pla
n of another jurisdiction; \par\pard\ql \li4004\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\
li4004\sb5\sl-230\slmult0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 ii. \tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex91 under the Employment Insurance Act (Canada), R.S.C. 1996, c
.23; or \par\pard\ql \li3956\sb230\sl-230\slmult0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-4\charsca
lex100 iii. \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 of the government of Canada, the g
overnment of another province or territory of \par\pard\ql \li4503\sb1\sl-217\sl
mult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 Canada, or the government of a foreign jurisd
iction, \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1218\sb204\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsca
lex97 ICBC is relieved from having to pay that part of a judgment equal to the r
ight, benefit \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 or claim or other insurance. \par\par
d\qj \li3961\ri1226\sb200\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 It is ver
y important that an insured seek to receive all benefits from Workers\u8223? \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 Compensation, Employment Insurance, private insu
rance \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 (e.g. insurance provided \par\pard\qj \li3961
\ri1220\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 through an insured\u8223
?s employer) or any other possible source of coverage. ICBC will \line \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex95 not be obliged to pay benefits that could have been received
from another source. By \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 the time the decisi
on has been made that ICBC is not liable for these amounts, the \line \up0 \expn
dtw-6\charscalex100 limitation period for making a claim through the other sourc
e will most likely have \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 ended. \par\pard\ql \
li3601\sb224\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 b) \tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-3\charscalex100 In an action to recover loss or damage sustained by a pers
on by reason of the \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1217\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex96 operation of a motor vehicle on a highway, every person driving
or operating a motor \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 vehicle who is living with an
d as a member of the family of the owner of the motor \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex
100 vehicle, and every person driving or operating the motor vehicle who acquire
d \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 possession of it with the consent, express or im
plied, of the owner of the motor \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 vehicle, shall be
deemed to be the agent or servant of that owner and employed as \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex96 such, and shall be deemed to be driving or operating a motor vehic
le in the course of \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 his or her employment (\ul0\nos
upersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 86). \par\pard\ql \
li3601\sb205\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 c) \tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex98 Nothing in s. 86 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MV
A\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 relieves a person deemed to be the agent or servan
t of \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1222\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex10
0 the owner to be driving or operating the motor vehicle in the course of his or
her \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 employment from the liability for such loss or
damage. \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb191\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex93 d) \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 A person named as an owner in the ow
ner\u8223?s certificate, or a member of the household \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri121
7\sb15\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 of the person in an owner\u8
223?s certificate, who suffers death or injury in the Nunavut, \line \up0 \expnd
tw-3\charscalex100 Yukon, Northwest Territories or the U.S. for which an unident
ified or uninsured \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 vehicle is responsible, i

s entitled to compensation from ICBC. The Corporation\u8223?s \line \up0 \expndt
w-8\charscalex96 liability is limited to $200,000 (Schedule 3, s. 11 of the \ul0
\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 ). Payments are subj
ect to \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 adjustment if recovery or partial reco
very is made from another party (s. 148(2)). \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1224\sb203\s
l-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 ICBC is not liable under \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 148(5) for an accident
with an unidentified vehicle, \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 unless the insured or
the insured\u8223?s representative: \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb209\sl-230\slmult0 \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 a) reports the accident within 24 hours after its
occurrence to the police, peace \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex95 officer, judicial officer, or the administrator of any law
respecting motor vehicles; \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\
li3961\ri1390\sb10\sl-226\slmult0\tx4321\tx4321\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x94 b) files with ICBC, within 28 days after the occurrence, a statement under
oath that \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 the insured has a cause of act
ion arising out of the accident against the owner or \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex95 driver of an unidentified vehicle or uninsured vehicle and setting o
ut the facts in \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 support of that statement
; and \par\pard\ql \li3961\ri1618\sb203\sl-240\slmult0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex96 c) upon request of the Corporation, allows the Corporation to inspe
ct the motor \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 vehicle the insured occupied
at the time of the occurrence. \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1225\sb217\sl-220\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 Any payment made pursuant to s. 148 shall be deduc
ted from any amount the insured \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 is entitled to reco
ver under Parts 6 or 7 (ss. 148(6) and (7)). \par\pard\ql \li3961\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li3961\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 Section
106 (1) applies to claims under s. 148. \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb170\sl-230\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-18 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh
15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg23}{\bkmkend Pg23}\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230
\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\p
ar\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li
2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb27\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE:\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\chars
calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The determination of whether an insured is
legally entitled to recover damages,\par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1217\sb0\sl-226\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 and the amount of the damages, shall be made by
agreement between the insured \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 and the Corpora
tion. Any dispute as to entitlement or amount shall be submitted \line \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex96 to arbitration under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Co
mmercial Arbitration Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 55 (\ul0
\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \line \up0 \exp
ndtw-9\charscalex88 148.2). \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1219\sb210\sl-226\slmult0\tx4
864 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. \tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 148.7 has been repealed a
nd the sale of excess underinsured motorist \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100
protection is not dealt with specifically in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\u
l IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . Excess underinsured \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 m
otorist protection may still be purchased through insurers and presumably is \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 intended to be covered under \ul0\nosupersub\cf1
5\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Part 4 (Optional Insurance Contrac
ts). \par\pard\li1440\sb237\sl-322\slmult0\fi0\tx2161 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex
100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 V.\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 OPTIONAL IN
SURANCE (\ul0\nosupersub\cf18\f19\fs27\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 Part 4
& \ul0\nosupersub\cf18\f19\fs27\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 Part 13. For
merly \ul0\nosupersub\cf18\f19\fs27\ul IVR\par\pard\li1440\sb1\sl-311\slmult0\fi
720 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 Part 9)\par\pard\q
j \li2161\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2161\ri1217\sb59\sl-226\slmult0 \up0

\expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The following are some of t
he types of coverage, over and above the Basic Compulsory Coverage, that may \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 be purchased at the owner\u8223?s option. Formerly, Pa
rt 9 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs20 (Extension Insurance) covered \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 material und
er this part. Under the new legislation, Part 9 has been replaced by \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Part 4 (Optional \up0 \exp
ndtw-9\charscalex93 Insurance Contracts) and \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IV
R\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Part 13 (Optional Insurance Contracts). \par\pard\
li2161\sb237\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf10\f11\fs24 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Extended Third Party Leg
al Liability\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1222\s
b56\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Thir
d Party Legal Liability insurance may be increased from the basic compulsory $20
0,000 (taxis \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 and limousines require $300,000; buse
s $500,000) to various higher limits up to $5 million. The \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex97 exclusions and conditions that apply to the basic Third Party Legal Liab
ility coverage (Part 6) also \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 apply to this extended
coverage. \par\pard\li2161\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\cha
rscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 B.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Own
Damage Coverage\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb20\sl-276\
slmult0\fi720\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\chars
calex94 General\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri121
Own Damage protection is provided by Collision, Comprehensive, or Specified Peri
ls \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 coverage. It covers loss or damage sustain
ed to the vehicle named in the owner\u8223?s certificate. \par\pard\li2881\sb234
\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f1
1\fs24 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Collision\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl
scalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 This insurance covers loss or damage to th
e insured vehicle resulting from upset or \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 col
lision with another object, including the ground or highway, or impact with an o
bject on \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 or in the ground. This type of insur
ance is available with a wide choice of deductibles (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs
20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb12\sl-230\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 s. 150). \par\pard\li2881\sb235\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\
tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \
expndtw-11\charscalex92 Comprehensive\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\qj\li3601\ri1227\sb57\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\n
osupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 This insurance covers loss or damage from any cause other
than collision or upset. In \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 addition to the Specifi
ed Perils listed below, this includes vandalism, malicious mischief, \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex97 falling or flying objects, missiles, and impact with an animal
. Comprehensive coverage is \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 subject to various dedu
ctibles (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 15
0). \par\pard\li2881\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex
91 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex91 Specified
Perils\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1224\sb68\sl
-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 This insur
ance is more limited than Comprehensive. It covers only loss or damage caused \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 by fire, lightning, theft or attempted theft,
windstorm, earthquake, hail, explosion, riot or \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex
100 civil commotion, falling or forced landing of an aircraft or part of an airc
raft, rising water \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\s
b0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb112\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex90 12-19 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840{\shp{\*\shpinst\
shpleft4321\shptop11850\shpright4503\shpbottom12094\shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\s
hpfblwtxt1\shpz521\shplid54

ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
0011080002000203012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg24}{\bkmkend Pg24}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\
slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\sl
lt0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1227\sb78\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or the stranding, sinking, burning, derailment or co
llision of a conveyance in or on which a \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 vehicle is
being transported on land or water (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 150). \par\pard\li2881\sb252\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 5.\tab \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex100 Limit on Liability\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par
\pard\qj\li3601\ri1217\sb73\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nos
upersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The limit on the amount of indemnity payable is determined,
subject to any limit specified \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 in the Table in Sch
edule 3.1, by whichever of the following is lesser (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs2
0\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 169 & \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 Sche
dule 10(5)): \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1231\
sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 a) the cost of repair
of the vehicle and its equipment (described in greater detail by the \line\tab \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 Table in Schedule 3.1); \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93
b) the actual cash value of the vehicle and its equipment; or \par\pard\ql \li
3601\ri1227\sb210\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 c)
the declared value of the vehicle and its equipment, where appropriate, or is
not \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 insured by \u8220?Rate Group\u8221? b
ut rather by \u8220?Declared Value\u8221? (i.e. large trucks, buses, farm \line\
tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 tractors, etc.). \par\pard\li2881\sb235\sl-276\
slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24
6.\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 ICBC Policy\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220
\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1438\sb68\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Although Part 9 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16
\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 has been repealed and many o
f its sections are not \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 covered by the \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\
fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , ICBC continues to implement much of the
content of that \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 Part through internal policy. Such
ICBC policy includes: \par\pard\li3601\sb251\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \ex
pndtw-11\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\char
scalex92 Loss of Use Coverage\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\q
j\li4321\ri1218\sb65\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub
\cf2\f3\fs20 Loss of Use coverage (not to be confused with the above) can be pur
chased only \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 in conjunction with Own Damage (
collision, comprehensive, or specified perils \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98
coverage). It provides reimbursement up to the limits purchased by the insured
\line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 for expenses incurred for substitute transpor
tation when a valid claim can be made \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 under O
wn Damage coverage. Subject to the regulations, an insurer may provide \line \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 for exclusions and limits of loss in an OIC, in respec
t of loss of use of the vehicle \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 (\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 65). An OIC providing
insurance against loss of use of a vehicle may \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex9
6 contain a clause to the effect that, in the event of loss, the insurer must pa
y only \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 an agreed portion of any loss that may
be sustained or the amount of the loss after \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96
deduction of a sum specified in a policy. For such a clause to have legal effec
t, it \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 must be printed in a prominent place on
the policy and in conspicuous lettering \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 cont
ain the words \u8220?this clause contains a partial payment of loss clause\u8221
? (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \line \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 67). \par\pard\li3601\sb241\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 b)\tab \up0 \expndt

w-11\charscalex95 Exclusions to Own Damage Coverage\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-2
30\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb44\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Own Damage Coverage does not cover loss or damage: \
par\pard\qj \li4682\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4682\ri1225\sb39\sl-220\sl
mult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 to tires, unless the loss or damage is cause
d by fire, theft, or malicious \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 mischief, or is coin
cidental with other loss or damage; \par\pard\qj \li4682\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par
\pard\qj\li4682\ri1219\sb30\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 to any
part of the vehicle resulting from mechanical breakdown, rust, \up0 \expn
dtw-4\charscalex100 corrosion, wear and tear, explosion within the combustion ch
amber, or \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 freezing, unless caused by fire, theft, m
alicious mischief or coincidental with \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 other loss o
r damage; \par\pard\ql \li4682\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4682\sb21\sl-23
0\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 consisting of mechanical or physical fail
ure of the vehicle or any part of it; or \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \
par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb50\sl-230\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-20 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh158
40{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4321\shptop1440\shpright4503\shpbottom1684\shpbxpage\s
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31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
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31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
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31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg25}{\bkmkend Pg25}\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-460\
slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb0\sl-460\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\ri3234\sb99\s
l-460\slmult0\fi360\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 to contents of the vehicle including personal effects. \line \up0 \expndtw-9
\charscalex92 Other situations to which coverage does not apply are: \line\tab \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 embezzlement; \par\pard\ql \li4682\sb210\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 conversion; \par\pard\qj \li4682\sb0\sl-220\slm
ult0 \par\pard\qj\li4682\ri1224\sb39\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex10
0 voluntary parting of ownership, whether or not induced to do so by fraud; \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 and \par\pard\ql \li4682\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\
pard\ql\li4682\sb22\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 towing of an uni
nsured vehicle that is required to be insured. \par\pard\li3601\sb250\sl-276\slm
ult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 c)\t
ab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Limited Depreciation Coverage\par\pard\qj \li43
21\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1225\sb67\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 This optional coverage is availab
le for first owners of certain new vehicles who \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
94 have purchased Own Damage Coverage. Its purpose is to protect the owner from
\line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 the high rate of depreciation during the firs
t two years of the vehicle\u8223?s life, when \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94
such depreciation is a significant factor in payment of a claim by ICBC. Total
Loss \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 Payout is the full purchase price or the
manufacturer\u8223?s list price, whichever is less. \line \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex95 Damage for other than a total loss will be repaired with similar kind an
d quality of \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 parts, without depreciation. \pa
r\pard\li2881\sb249\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0
\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 7.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Forfeiture of Cla
ims and Breach of Conditions\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj
\li3601\ri1217\sb37\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 Apart from exclusions, a claim may be forfeited under \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 75 or \ul0\nosupersub\cf15
\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 169, or if certain \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex96 conditions are breached, including failure of the insured to com
ply with the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , o
r breach \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 by the insured of any regulation (\ul0\nos
upersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 55). \par\pard\ql \
li3601\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 The principal examples
of failure to comply with, or breach of, regulations are: \par\pard\ql \li3601\r
i1229\sb219\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 a) being under
the influence of liquor or drugs so as to be incapable of proper control of \lin
e\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 the vehicle; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-220\
slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\ri1219\sb20\sl-220\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex98 b) being convicted for any offence under ss. 249, 252, 253, 254, or
255 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Criminal \line\ul0\tab \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Code\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2
0 ; \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 c) operating a vehicle when not authorized and
qualified (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s.
55); \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 d)
using the vehicle in illicit trade, or to avoid arrest, or other police action
(s. 55); \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92
e) towing an unregistered, unlicensed trailer (s. 55); \par\pard\ql \li3601\s
b230\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 f) \tab \up0 \expndtw-9
\charscalex93 permitting others to breach a condition (s. 55); \par\pard\ql \li3
601\ri1219\sb215\sl-225\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex100 g) using a vehicle in a manner contrary to the insured person\u8223?
s statement in his or her \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 application for

coverage, the result being a form of breach of condition. This happens \line\ta
b \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 most commonly in cases where coverage of a vehic
le for \u8220?pleasure purposes\u8221? is \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98
applied for, and the vehicle is damaged when in fact being used to take the ins
ured \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 person to or from work (s. 55 sets o
ut the specifics); \par\pard\ql \li3601\ri1221\sb15\sl-225\slmult0\tx3961\tx3961
\tx3961\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 h) failing, without reasonable cau
se and to the prejudice of the Corporation, (i) to make a \line\tab \up0 \expndt
w-8\charscalex95 police report within 48 hours after the discovery of theft, los
s, or damage; (ii) to obtain \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 a police ca
se file number; and (iii) to advise the Corporation within seven days of \line\t
ab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 making the report to the police of the circumsta
nces of that loss or damage as well as \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 th
e police case file number (s. 136 (a)); and \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult
0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb1\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-21 \par
\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg26}{\
bkmkend Pg26}\par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmu
sb27\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\
f3\fs20 i)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 failing, without reasonable cause an
d to the prejudice of the Corporation, to comply\par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1218\sb1\
sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 with ss. 67 or 68 of the \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , or similar provisions in
the law of another Canadian or \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 American jurisdictio
n, relating to the duties of a driver directly or indirectly involved in \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex91 an accident (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulatio
ns\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 136 (b)). \par\pard\ql \li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb2\sl-230\slmult0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 \
ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE: \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 128 sets out t
he circumstances in which the Corporation may \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1222\sb0\sl
-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 enforce a right of recovery against a
person who, with the consent of the insured, \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 has th
e care, custody or control of the insurer\u8223?s vehicle. \par\pard\li2881\sb25
1\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f
11\fs24 8.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Exceptions to Forfeiture\par\pard\q
\expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 If a vehicle is used \u822
0?contrary to statement in application\u8221?, the right to indemnity is not \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 forfeited when the damage occurs during a mere
\u8220?occasional\u8221? use of the vehicle in \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex1
00 violation of the statement in the application. These exceptions are the same
as those \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 permitted for \u8220?occasional use\
u8221? in third-party liability cases (see above and Schedule 1, s. 2, \line \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 Table 2). \par\pard\li2881\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx
3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 9.\tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-11\charscalex93 Reporting Accidents\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0
\par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1220\sb68\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 \ul
0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Coverage may be denied where an insured person fails, w
ithout reasonable cause and to the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 prejudice of the
Corporation, to comply with ss. 67 or 68 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\u
l MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . The onus of proving \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale
x93 compliance lies on anyone who is bound to report. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\s
l-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1227\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex94 Section 67 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\c
f2\f3\fs20 deals with the duty to file accident reports in cases where aggregat
e \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 damage apparently exceeds $1,000, or where there
is any bodily injury, and provides that \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 the reports
are normally confidential. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1219\sb214\sl-226\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 Section 68 deals with the immediate duties of persons
in charge of vehicles involved in a \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 highway \
up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \u8220?incident\u8221?, namely: to remain at t
he scene, render assistance, and provide \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 id
entification of person and insurance coverage. If the other vehicle is unattende
d, the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 driver of the colliding vehicle must l
eave full identification conspicuously posted. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\s
100 Any breach of these duties is an offence punishable under the \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . Similar duties are \line \up
0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 created by ss. 249 and 252 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf1
5\f16\fs20\ul Criminal Code\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . A breach of them can re
sult in more \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 severe penalties. These duties a
pply to any highway \u8220?incident\u8221? regardless of any insurance \line \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 aspects of the case, and even if the driver was only \
u8220?indirectly\u8221? involved in the incident. \par\pard\li2881\sb250\sl-276\
slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 1
0.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Limitation\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-224\s
100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 There is some confusion about which claims must
be brought within one year of the \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 accident a
nd which have a limitation period of two years. The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs2
0\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 stipulates that any \line \up0 \expndtw-6\c
harscalex100 action by an insured person against ICBC \u8220?shall be commenced
\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 WITHIN ONE YEAR \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \
ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 after the happening of the loss or damage, after the
cause of action arose, or after the final \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 de
termination of the action against the insured (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul
IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 17 & 76(7)). \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\u
l IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 s. 103, on the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x98 other hand, stipulates that no action shall be brought against the Corporati
on for loss or \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 damage under Part 7 of the \ul
0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 after the expirati
on of two years from the occurrence of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the lo
ss or the last day benefits were provided. From a practical point of view, \ul0\
nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 it is almost \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 always b
etter to commence an action as soon as possible to avoid any problems \line \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex95 with limitation periods\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \p
ar\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\
pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pa
\ql\li5896\sb12\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-22 \par\pard\sect
\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg27}{\bkmkend Pg
27}\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pa
sb73\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1
0\f11\fs24 C.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Own Damage Disputes with ICBC\pa
r\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb19\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx360
1 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 General\par
t0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The Lieutenant Gove
rnor in Council may make regulations respecting mediation or \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex97 arbitration including, without limitation, regulations providing to a
party to a vehicle action \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 the ability to require th
e parties to engage in mediation or arbitration and setting out when \up0 \expnd
tw-8\charscalex96 and how that ability may be exercised and prescribing any othe
r results that flow from the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 exercise of that abili
ty (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 96). \p

ar\pard\qj \li3601\ri1220\sb213\sl-228\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 Dis
putes frequently arise when the vehicle of a person insured by ICBC is damaged b
y \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 another insured person. In that situation, an adj
uster will decide the degree of fault between \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 the
two parties. The adjuster\u8223?s decision is based on traffic regulations, and
the rules of \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 negligence, with the party in contrav
ention of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 g
enerally being found at fault. If \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 both parties have
contravened some regulation, however, a 50-50 assessment is often made. \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex91 This is also the case when there are no independent witnes
ses. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1231\sb203\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex
100 If a client is dissatisfied with an adjuster\u8223?s decision, there are two
available courses of \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 action: \par\pard\ql \l
i3601\sb209\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex81 a) \tab \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex97 the client can go through ICBC\u8223?s internal appeal proce
dure by asking the adjuster to \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1228\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 review his or her decision and, if there is no change
, by asking the claims manager to \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 review it. If the
client is still not satisfied, the third step is to present the client\u8223?s
case to \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 an appeal panel; or \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb
220\sl-230\slmult0\tx3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 b) \tab \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex97 the client can sue. This is commonly the most satisfactory course, p
articularly where \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1217\sb0\sl-224\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex93 the amount in issue is relatively small, as where the damage is ab
out the same amount \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 as the \u8220?deductible\
u8221?. Such an action is not brought against ICBC under the policy, but \line \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 against the driver (and owner, \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\
f16\fs20\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 86) whose negligence is said to
have caused the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 accident. In such a case, th
at ICBC was not liable to pay the \u8220?deductible\u8221? to its own \line \up0
\expndtw-4\charscalex100 insured does not relieve the negligent party from liab
ility, assuming always that \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 negligence can be
established. \par\pard\qj \li3961\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\ri1222
\sb6\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 There are two ways in which to
frame the action. The plaintiff can either claim the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex95 total amount of damage resulting from the negligence, even though ICBC
has already \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 paid a portion of it, or the pla
intiff can claim merely the amount that ICBC has not \line \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex97 paid. Remember, however, that a plaintiff cannot collect twice, and if h
e or she sues \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 for more than the deductible, h
e or she may be held to be acting as a trustee for the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex95 Corporation and therefore liable to account for anything in excess of
the deductible. In \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 either case, the plaintiff
bears the onus of proving the negligence alleged against the \line \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex91 defendant. \par\pard\ql \li2881\sb211\sl-230\slmult0\tx4321 \up
0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 NOTE: \tab \up0 \expndtw-5
\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 If ICBC denied liability to indemnify
a person insured by it and that person is \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1217\sb15\sl-2
24\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 sued, ICBC is entitled to apply to the
court to be joined as a third party (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\no
supersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 77(3)) Upon being
made a third party, ICBC can then defend the action fully, \line \up0 \expndtw-4
\charscalex100 notwithstanding its previous denial of liability to indemnify the
defendant (s. \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 77(4)). In West v. Cotton (199
4), 98 B.C.L.R. (2d) 50 (S.C.), the third party, ICBC, \line \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex97 conducted the defence of a defendant to whom it denied coverage and wh
o did \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 not participate in the proceedings. Hav
ing succeeded in proving his claims, the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 plai
ntiff was not entitled to recover his or her costs, with one exception: against
\line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 the third party. In this case, ICBC would ha
ve suffered significant prejudice if it \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 had b
een precluded from presenting its defences as third party since the defendant \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 did not demonstrate any interest in maintaining
the action. \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-23
0\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb162\sl-23
0\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-23 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw122
40\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg28}{\bkmkend Pg28}\par\pard\li1440\s
b0\sl-322\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-322\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-322\
slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb207\sl-322\slmult0\fi0\tx2161 \up0 \expndtw0\charscale
x106 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 VI.\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 PERSONAL
INJURY CLAIMS: AN OVERVIEW OF THE PROCESS\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par
\pard\li1440\sb21\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0
\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 Making a Claim\pa
r\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1217\sb61\sl-225\slmu
lt0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The \ul0\nosupersub
\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 provides for a number of benef
its that are administered by ICBC, as the motorist\u8223?s insurer, \up0 \expndt
w-7\charscalex100 in instances where the motorist damages his or her automobile
and/or sustains injuries after an \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 accident. These r
egulations can be thought of as the motorist\u8223?s \u8220?insurance policy\u82
21?. All of the benefits \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 to which a motorist is ent
itled are explained in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regulations\ul0\n
osupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . ICBC adjusters in claim centres \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex92 around the province administer these benefits. \par\pard\li2881\sb239\sl-27
6\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24
2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex100 Dial-A-Claim\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-22
lex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 When calling Dial-a-Claim, the claimant will b
e put in touch with a representative who will \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10
0 take down pertinent details of the accident, including the time, date, place,
license \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 identification of the vehicles involv
ed, etc. The representative will ask the claimant to give a \line \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex95 brief narrative of how the accident occurred. This narrative will
be taken down and entered \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 into the computer
files at ICBC. The claimant will then be given a claim number that will \line \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 follow the claim and the claimant through the entire
process. The claim number enables \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 ICBC to fi
nd the claimant\u8223?s file through any office and to quickly identify the adju
ster who \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 is dealing with the claim. \par\pard
\li2881\sb242\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Meeting with the Adjust
er\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1221\sb51\sl-226
\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The Dial-a-Cla
im representative will schedule an appointment for the claimant at a local \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex95 claim centre. When the claimant goes to the appointment,
he or she will talk to an adjuster \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 about the accid
ent. The adjuster will ask the claimant to make a statement about how the \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex92 accident occurred and about the injuries that the claiman
t sustained. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1220\
sb14\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 The adjuster will also ask the
claimant to sign \u8220?No-Fault Benefit Claim Forms\u8221?. These \line \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex96 forms are not \u8220?releases\u8221? and by signing them,
the claimant is not waiving any of his or her \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex9
4 rights to benefits or to damages for injuries or loss emanating from the accid
ent. The forms \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 simply allow for the release
of the claimant\u8223?s MSP number, the claimant\u8223?s SIN number, \line \up0
\expndtw-6\charscalex100 information from the claimant\u8223?s doctor, and infor
mation from the claimant\u8223?s employer. \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 N
onetheless, it would be prudent for unsophisticated or illiterate claimants to h

ave \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 someone, other than the adjuster, go over
the forms with them before signing. \par\pard\li2881\sb248\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\t
x3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 4.\tab \up0 \e
xpndtw-11\charscalex92 The Adjuster\u8217?s Perspective\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\
sl-240\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1224\sb20\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 While the adjuster is an agent of the cla
imant\u8223?s own insurance company, for purposes of \line \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex96 administering the \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \u8220?no-fault benefits
\u8221? the adjuster is also an agent of the tortfeasor\u8223?s \par\pard\qj \li
3601\ri1226\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 insurance company a
nd, in that capacity, has an interest in minimizing the claimant\u8223?s \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex89 injuries and damages. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmu
lt0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1219\sb8\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 T
he adjuster will typically encourage the claimant to minimize the extent of the
injuries or \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 damages. The claimant should be a
ware of this and should guard against agreeing that \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charsc
alex100 everything is satisfactory when it is not. Claimants should be cautious
not to express \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 optimism about their injuries
and should try to neither understate nor overstate their \line \up0 \expndtw-9\
charscalex93 injuries. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li36
01\ri1219\sb20\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 Where fault is an iss
ue, claimants may find the adjuster manipulating their narrative to place \line
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 them in a negative light. This is often done in ve
ry subtle ways and claimants should be \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 aware
of it so that they can guard against it. Typically, an adjuster will draw a map
or \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 diagram of the accident scene and state t
hat it is \u8220?not to scale\u8221?. The Corporation may later \par\pard\ql \li
96\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb222\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex90 12-24 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl240{\bkmkstart Pg29}{\bkmkend Pg29}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\
pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pa
rd\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard
\qj\li3601\ri1217\sb78\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper
sub\cf2\f3\fs20 claim that the diagram is an accurate depiction of the accident
and tantamount to a \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 confession of fault. \par\pard\
qj \li3601\sb0\sl-224\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1225\sb13\sl-224\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 The claimant should avoid agreeing with interpretation
s of the accident that are made by \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 the adjus
ter and should endeavour to have the adjuster transcribe the claimant\u8223?s ex
act \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 words. Typically, the adjuster will write
out the claimant\u8223?s statement in longhand and then \line \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex94 ask the claimant to review it. The claimant may feel reluctant to ma
ke changes because the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 adjuster has taken the
time to write out the statement. The claimant should not hesitate to \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex92 make changes and initial them, or to ask the adjuster t
o start all over again. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3
601\ri1217\sb11\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\
f4\fs20 The claimant should be extremely careful in making statements to the adj
uster. The \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 claimant must understand that these stat
ements will later be scrutinized. In cases \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 involvin
g serious injury and cases where liability is disputed, the claimant should \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex100 have an LSLAP clinician or lawyer with him or her when
he or she makes \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 statements to the adjuster. \par\pa
upersub\cf10\f11\fs24 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 The \u8220?Independen
t\u8221? Medical Assessment\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\
li3601\ri1224\sb49\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\c
f2\f3\fs20 Under the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVR\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\
fs20 , ICBC may appoint a doctor to make an \u8220?independent\u8221? medical as

sessment \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 of the claimant\u8223?s condition. W
hile some of these doctors are objective, others may have a \line \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex91 strong defence bias. Their task is to see if they can locate weak
nesses in the claimant\u8223?s case. \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 The clai
mant should take care neither to exaggerate nor to minimize the injuries. \par\p
ard\li2881\sb244\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\no
supersub\cf10\f11\fs24 6.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 ICBC Private Investi
gators\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1218\sb51\sl
-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The claima
nt should be aware that private investigators hired by the Corporation, do exist
. \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 They check up on claimants and the evidence that
they gather can be used against \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 claimants. For exa
mple, if the claimant says that he or she cannot mow the lawn or lift a \up0 \ex
pndtw-6\charscalex100 bag of flour, and then goes outside and does just that, he
or she runs the risk of being \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 photographed and/or
videotaped by a person employed by ICBC. \par\pard\li2881\sb250\sl-276\slmult0\f
i0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 7.\tab \u
p0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \u8220?Minimal Damage\u8221? and ICBC Policy\par\pa
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The claimant should als
o be aware that ICBC has a well-publicized policy of declining to \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex98 honour claims for injuries or losses where there is \u8220?
minimal damage\u8221? to the automobiles \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 and/
or persons involved in the collision. Where the damages fall below $1,000, a cla
imant \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 may find him or herself confronted with
an adjuster who states flatly that ICBC has a policy \line \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex96 of refusing to pay claims in certain cases where science has establishe
d that injuries and \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 damages cannot occur. An
adjuster may also tell a claimant that he or she is without \line \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex96 discretion in settling claims, and that he or she is required to
employ classifications and a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 system of scali
ng, with an unsuccessful or unsatisfactory result for the claimant. In all these
\line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 situations, the claimant should know that th
ese decisions do not represent the \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 law\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf2\f3\fs20 , but are \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 merely ICBC \ul0\nos
upersub\cf3\f4\fs20 policy\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , and can be and often are
challenged successfully in court, where \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 judg
es may give much larger awards. \par\pard\li2161\sb250\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881
\up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 E.\tab \up0 \expnd
tw-10\charscalex100 The Fault Requirement\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-226\slmult0
\par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1221\sb44\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul
0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 The present system of accident compensation is fault-ba
sed\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . The claimant sues in tort, which \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex94 can be divided into two areas: intentional torts and neglig
ence. Injuries that are caused with intent to \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93
contact (in the case of battery) are intentional torts. Injuries that are cause
d by unreasonable conduct \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex90 are negligence clai
ms. Negligence encompasses all departures from accepted reasonable standards. \p
ar\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1229\sb19\sl-220\slm
ult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 A prerequisite to any tort action is that the
damages suffered by the claimant were not caused by the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex94 claimant\u8223?s own fault. If the claimant is partly at fault for th
e accident, damages will be reduced in \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \
par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\ql\li5896\sb142\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-25 \par\pa
rd\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg30}{\bkm
kend Pg30}\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\sb0\sl-220
\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\sb0\sl-220\s
lmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1229\sb78\sl
-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 accordance

with the claimant\u8223?s degree of fault. For example, if the claimant is 50 p
ercent to blame \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 for the accident, his or her damage
s will be reduced by a corresponding amount of 50 percent. \par\pard\qj \li2881\
sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1219\sb11\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw6\charscalex100 Cases where fault is an issue frequently go to trial. Claimants
should be advised that often the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 adjuster will sugg
est a claimant is fully at fault for the accident, when in fact she or he may on
ly be \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 partially at fault. The claimant should recog
nize that the adjuster is trying to dissuade the claimant \up0 \expndtw-8\charsc
alex95 from litigating a claim. The claimant may well end up establishing 50 per
cent fault on the part of the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 other driver and obta
ining a 50 percent settlement. \par\pard\li2161\sb245\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 F.\tab \up0 \expndtw
-11\charscalex93 Private Settlements\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par
\pard\qj\li2881\ri1220\sb50\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nos
upersub\cf3\f4\fs20 Private settlements should be discouraged\ul0\nosupersub\cf2
\f3\fs20 . Potential plaintiffs who consult an LSLAP clinician \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex97 regarding an action for damages for personal injury should always be
advised to consult a lawyer \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 prior to settling a c
laim, whether privately or with ICBC. Similarly, potential defendants in such \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 matters should be told to seek the advice of a lawyer
and to contact ICBC prior to paying out any \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 sums,
so as not to prejudice their rights and their plan of insurance with ICBC. \par\
pard\li2161\sb250\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\n
osupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 G.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Inequality of Barga
ining Power\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1229\sb
74\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 A rel
ease of claim for personal injuries may be set aside as inequitable by the court
s in circumstances \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 where it can be shown there was
inequality of bargaining power between the parties. \par\pard\qj \li2881\ri1218\
sb216\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 In Towers v. Affleck, [1974] 1
W.W.R. 714 at 719 (B.C.S.C.), Anderson J. stated that the question to be \line
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 determined is whether \u8220?the plaintiff has prov
ed by a preponderance of evidence that the parties were \line \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex95 on such an unequal footing that it would be unfair and inequitable to
hold him or her to the terms of \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 the agreeme
nt which he or she signed. While the court will not likely set aside a settlemen
t \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 agreement, the court will set aside contrac
ts and bargains of an improvident character made by poor \line \up0 \expndtw-8\c
harscalex95 and ignorant persons acting without independent advice unless the ot
her party discharges the onus \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 on him or her t
o show that the transaction is fair and reasonable.\u8221? See also Pridmore v.
Calvert (1975), \par\pard\ql \li2881\sb0\sl-219\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex93 54 D.L.R. (3d) 133 (B.C.C.A.). \par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par
\pard\qj\li2881\ri1230\sb21\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 On the
basis of the preponderance of the evidence, therefore, the following questions s
hould be \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex84 asked: \par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\s
lmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb7\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3241 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex9
2 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 Was there inequality of bargaining power?\
par\pard\li2881\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3241 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 2.\
tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 If so, would it be unfair or inequitable to enf
orce the release of claim against the weaker party?\par\pard\qj \li2881\ri1220\s
b218\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 Where a plaintiff signs a Rele
ase of Claim, the defendant will not be able to dismiss a claim the \line \up0 \
expndtw-5\charscalex100 plaintiff subsequently makes using Rule 18A of the B.C.
Supreme Court \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Rules of Court\ul0\nosupersub\cf2
\f3\fs20 , if the \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 evidence leads the court t
o conclude that the plaintiff was misled, even if unintentionally, into \line \u
p0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 believing the document signed was releasing claims i
n areas that the plaintiff believed to be \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 irr

elevant. \par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1221\sb20
\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 This reasoning relies on the plea o
f non est factum (Latin for \u8220?not my deed\u8221?), a common law plea \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex98 allowing a person who has signed a written document in ig
norance of its character to argue that, \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 notwithstan
ding the signature, it is not his or her deed. In other words, if the person\u82
23?s mind does not \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 go with the deed of signing, the
release is not truly his or her deed. \par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \
par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1229\sb20\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 Uncon
scionability and misrepresentation may also be successful grounds for rendering
an otherwise \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex90 valid Release of Claim invalid.
See Clancy v. Linquist (1991), 2 C.C.L.I. (2d) 63 (B.C.S.C.), per Scarth J. \par
\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb10\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4662\t
x5319\tx6361\tx7646 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 In Mix v. Cummings\tab \up0 \ex
pndtw-9\charscalex89 (1990),\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 46 C.C.L.I.\tab \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 203 (B.C.S.C.)\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 [Mix]
, per Perry J., a general release\par\pard\li2881\sb1\sl-225\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \e
xpndtw-8\charscalex96 discharging and releasing defendants from all claims, dama
ges, and causes of action resulting, or to\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0\fi
0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 result, from injuries received in an automobile a
ccident was upheld on the following basis:\par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult
0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li5896\sb142\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-26 \par
\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg31}{\
bkmkend Pg31}\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmu
rd\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb32\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3241 \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\char
scalex91 the court found no mutual mistake of fact based on a misconception as t
o the seriousness of the\par\pard\li2881\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw9\charscalex90 injuries sustained in the accident;\par\pard\li2881\sb223\sl-230\
slmult0\fi0\tx3241 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x91 the release was not the product of an unconscionable or unfair bargain; and\
par\pard\li2881\sb222\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx3241 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 3.\
tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 the plea of non est factum and want of consensu
s ad idem were unfounded in the circumstances.\par\pard\qj \li2881\ri1224\sb213\
sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 The implication of the Mix judgment
is that the presence of any of the above factors in a particular \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex94 set of facts may be sufficient to invalidate a general release. No
te, however, that the mere fact that a \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 plaintiff\u
8223?s injuries became more serious than he or she anticipated when signing a re
lease will \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 generally not invalidate the release. \p
ar\pard\li2161\sb242\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 H.\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 Dealing with L
awyers\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1222\sb53\sl
-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Most lawye
rs will take motor vehicle accident claims on a contingency basis. Contingency f
ees are \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 calculated as a percentage of the gross sum
that is recovered. Lawyers are reluctant to work on a \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x94 contingency basis unless there is a good chance that they will recover damag
es for the claimant. If a \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 case does not appear winn
able, lawyers may ask the claimant to pay an hourly rate, or at least to pay \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 disbursement costs up front. \par\pard\li2881\sb247\sl
s24 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 Contingency Fees\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb
0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1218\sb46\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Contingency fees usually range between
20 percent and 25 percent if the case is settled \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x92 before trial, and 33 percent if the case goes to trial. Some lawyers use a s
liding scale, so that \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 the fee increases a

s the trial date approaches. The Law Society imposes limits on \line \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex95 contingency fees, and the claimant is unlikely to encount
er lawyers who charge more than \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb11\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \e
xpndtw-9\charscalex91 33 percent. \par\pard\li2881\sb232\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx36
01 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 2.\tab \up0 \expn
dtw-11\charscalex94 The Contingency Fee Contract\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\
x96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The contingency fee contract must be in writing
and must contain a provision that it is the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 c
laimant\u8223?s right to have the contract reviewed by the Supreme Court for rea
sonableness. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1220\
sb15\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 Contingency fee contracts ofte
n provide that if the claimant discharges the lawyer, the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex98 claimant will have to pay an hourly rate for services up to the dat
e of discharge and that \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 these fees must be pa
id before the lawyer will transfer the file to another lawyer. A claimant \line
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 who discharges a lawyer can have the lawyer\u8223?s
bill reviewed by a Registrar of the Supreme \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100
Court in a hearing called an Assessment. The Registrar will make a ruling about
the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 reasonableness of the bill and whether t
he claimant should be required to pay the bill right \line \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex85 away. \par\pard\li2881\sb247\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\
charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93
Disbursement Costs\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri
0 Disbursement costs are the expenses incurred for medical reports, transcripts
of evidence, \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 police reports, motor vehicle searche
s, etc. Most law firms will pay these costs for the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92
claimant, and collect them at the end of the lawsuit. \par\pard\li2881\sb239\sl
s24 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Marshalling of Reports\par\pard\qj \li3
601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1223\sb55\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Over the course of the claim, the
claimant\u8223?s lawyer will collect medical records and deliver \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex96 them to the defence counsel. If there is a claim for loss o
f prospective earnings or cost of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 future care
, the claimant\u8223?s lawyer may also collect and deliver economic briefs and r
eports \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 by vocational specialists, accountants
, actuaries, and other professionals. The claimant\u8223?s \line \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex96 lawyer will also receive defence reports and expert summaries. All
of this goes on behind \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5
6\sb21\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-27 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs
24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg32}{\bkmkend Pg32}\par\p
ard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pa
rd\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard
\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1227\sb78\sl-220\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 the scenes, and unless the
claimant\u8223?s lawyer is vigilant about sending the claimant reporting \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex93 letters, the claimant will be unaware of any of these act
ivities. \par\pard\li2881\sb252\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\chars
calex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 5.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Commo
n Concerns\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1218\sb6
4\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Claima
nts often worry that their lawyers are not keeping them up to date. Claimants sh
ould \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 understand that some lawyers handling personal
injury cases set up their operation as a sort \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 of f
actory. They handle large numbers of cases, staff their offices with paralegals,
send out \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 form letters and rarely meet their client
s. Clients should not be afraid to book an \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 appointm

ent with their lawyer to get a progress report on their case. \par\pard\li2161\s
b236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1
0\f11\fs24 I.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Which Court has Jurisdiction?\pa
r\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb20\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx360
1 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Provincial
Court, Small Claims Division\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj
\li3601\ri1218\sb45\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 The Small Claims limit is $25,000 (effective September 1, 2005). Acc
ordingly, claims for \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 minor injuries may come within
the jurisdiction of the Provincial Court. The procedure for \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex96 bringing a case to trial in Small Claims Court is fully set out in thi
s Manual in \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 Chapter 22: \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93
Small Claims Procedure\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \par\pard\li2881\sb247\sl-2
4 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Supreme Court of British Columbia\par\par
d\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb56\sl-230\slmult0\fi720\tx5970\tx6
712\tx8544\tx8812 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Actio
ns for damages over\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex88 $25,000\tab \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex93 (effective September\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex86 1,\tab \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 2005) come within the\par\pard\li2881\sb1\sl-225\
slmult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of
British Columbia. Although LSLAP clinicians cannot\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-225\sl
mult0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 appear in the Supreme Court, the follow
ing represents a brief overview of the procedure\par\pard\li2881\sb1\sl-226\slmu
lt0\fi720 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 for bringing a case to trial at this leve
l.\par\pard\li2881\sb232\sl-276\slmult0\fi720\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex1
00 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Regular Tr
ial\par\pard\li2881\sb0\sl-253\slmult0\par\pard\li2881\sb47\sl-253\slmult0\fi144
0\tx5042 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex90 \ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs22 (1)\tab \up
0 \expndtw-10\charscalex95 The Writ of Summons\par\pard\qj \li5042\sb0\sl-224\sl
8 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 A claim in the Supreme Court of British Columbia i
s initiated by filing a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 Writ of Summons and
a Statement of Claim. The Writ of Summons is \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97
served upon ICBC and the defendant(s). The \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA R
egulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 deal with \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x97 situations where there are unknown drivers, hit and run accidents, etc. \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 Where the defendant is an uninsured motorist, IC
BC will receive the \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 pleadings and file a defe
nce. \par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-253\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb3\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\
tx5042 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex91 \ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs22 (2)\tab \up0
\expndtw-10\charscalex91 The Statement of Defence\par\pard\qj \li5042\sb0\sl-220
ex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 After the claim has been served, ICBC will appo
int defence counsel on \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 behalf of the insured, or o
n behalf of itself if there is an uninsured \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 motoris
t, and file a Statement of Defence. \par\pard\li4321\sb251\sl-253\slmult0\fi0\tx
5042 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex91 \ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs22 (3)\tab \up0 \e
xpndtw-10\charscalex91 Reserving a Trial Date\par\pard\qj \li5042\sb0\sl-228\slm
0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 After the Statement of Defence is filed, the parti
es will reserve a trial \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 date. The trial date
usually falls approximately one to one-and-a-half \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca
lex100 years ahead. The reason for this delay is that the court registry is \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 overbooked. The delay is not usually a problem si
nce it takes some time \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 to organize the trial
and it is often not until some time after the accident \line \up0 \expndtw-9\cha
rscalex96 that the full extent of the claimant\u8223?s injuries can be determine
d. If \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb161\sl-230\slm

ult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-28 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\pa
perh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg33}{\bkmkend Pg33}\par\pard\qj \li5042\sb
0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li5042\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li5042\sb0\
sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li5042\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li5042\sb0\sl
scalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 additional time is required, when the tria
l date arrives, the trial can be \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 adjourned by conse
nt of the parties. \par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-253\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb3\sl-25
(4)\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex94 The Examination for Discovery\par\pard\qj
\li5042\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li5042\ri1221\sb63\sl-225\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Once the trial date is rese
rved, an Examination for Discovery may be \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 hel
d. The Discovery is initiated at the option of defence counsel and will \line \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 typically occur six months to one year after the laws
uit is initiated. The \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Discovery will usually
take one day but can last longer in certain cases. \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charsca
lex100 Prior to the Discovery, defence counsel will scrutinize the claimant\u822
3?s \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 statements to the adjuster. At the Disco
very, the defence counsel will \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 cross-examine
the claimant about the manner in which the accident \line \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex92 occurred and the extent of the claimant\u8223?s injuries. \par\pard\qj \
li5042\ri1223\sb215\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Most cases are
not settled until after the Discovery, since it is at this \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex91 stage that defence counsel is able to assess the credibility and serious
ness \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 of the claim and make a determination respecti
ng the sort of damages to \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 which the claimant may be
entitled. \par\pard\li3601\sb243\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\cha
rscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 Fas
t Track Litigation - Rule 66\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj
\li4321\ri1218\sb50\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub
\cf2\f3\fs20 This rule was introduced to provide an efficient and less expensive
means of \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 dealing with cases where the trial will l
ast less than two days. To elect to use this \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 metho
d, an endorsement in Form 137 is added to the statement of claim or \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex91 statement of defence. This rule ceases to apply if: \par\pard\q
l \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb1\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex94 a) the parties to the action file a consent order to that eff
ect; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 b)
the court, on its own motion or on the application of any party, so orders; or
\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\ri1518\sb19\sl-220\s
lmult0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 c) none of the parties to the actio
n applies for a trial date within four months \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex92 after the date on which this rule becomes applicable to the action. \par\pa
\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 Each party must also provide and deliver to all par
ties involved a list, in Form 93, \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 of the docu
ments that are or were in the party\u8223?s possession, placed in a convenient \
line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 order with a short description of each documen
t. Examinations of Discovery are \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 limited to a
maximum of two hours under this rule; however, a party may apply to \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex95 the court to have this time extended. Furthermore, exami
nations of discovery are \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 to be completed no
later than 14 days before the trial date, unless both parties \line \up0 \expndt
w-8\charscalex94 have consented or the court has ordered another date. Under Rul
e 66, trials must \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 be heard \ul0\nosupersub\cf
3\f4\fs20 without\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 a jury, and trial agendas must be
filed in Form 137 no later than \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 two days
before the trial. The trial agendas are to include: \par\pard\ql
\li4321\sb211\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 a) the opening stat

ement by each party; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex93 b) the examination in chief of each expected witness; \par\pard\ql
\li4321\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 c) the cross-examin
ation of each expected witness; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex93 d) the final submission by each party; and \par\pard\ql
\li4321\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 e) any other matter
that may affect the length of the trial. \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb210\sl-230\slmu
lt0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 The court may adjourn the trial to a new date n
ot subject to this rule if it \par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1322\sb19\sl-220\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 considers the matter, given the time estimates provid
ed by each party, will exceed \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 two days. \par\
pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\p
ard\ql\li5896\sb172\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-29 \par\pard\
sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg34}{\bkmken
d Pg34}\par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\pa
r\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li3601\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li3
601\sb73\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub
\cf10\f11\fs24 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Expedited Litigation Project
- Rule 68\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1220\sb6
5\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Rule 6
8 became effective on September 1, 2005. The only claims in action are one \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex93 or more of the following: \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-23
0\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 a)
money; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex96
b) real property; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\c
harscalex94 c) personal property, and, \par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0
\par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1228\sb19\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 th
e total of the following amounts is $100,000 or less, exclusive of interest and
\line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex86 costs: \par\pard\ql \li4321\ri1338\sb204\sl-2
40\slmult0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 a) the amount of any money clai
med in the action by the plaintiff for pecuniary \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex85 loss; \par\pard\ql \li4321\ri1269\sb200\sl-240\slmult0\tx4682 \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex96 b) the amount of any money to be claimed in the action by t
he plaintiff for non-\line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 pecuniary loss; \par
\pard\ql \li4321\sb209\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 c) the fair
market value, as at the date the action is commenced, of all real \par\pard\qj
\li4682\ri1273\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 property, all int
erests in real property, all personal property and all interests in \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex93 personal property claimed in the action by the plaintiff. \par\
pard\qj \li4321\ri1219\sb194\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Trials
held under Rule 68 must also be heard without a jury. Parties to the action \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex96 under this rule must also, within 15 days after the clo
se of pleadings\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or withi
n 15 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 days after the action becomes an expedited act
ion, whichever is later, prepare and \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 deliver a list
to the other party of: \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4
321\sb1\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 a) all documents referred
to in the party\u8223?s pleading; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex94 b) all documents to which the party intends to refer
at trial; and \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\ri1315
\sb19\sl-220\slmult0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 c) all documents in t
he party\u8223?s control that could be used by any party at trial to \line\tab \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 prove or disprove a material fact. \par\pard\qj \li4
321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1219\sb11\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expn
dtw-5\charscalex100 Under Rule 68, no party may conduct examinations for discove
ry unless the \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 parties consent or the court m
akes such an order. If examinations are to take \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex
100 place, they must not exceed two hours unless the parties otherwise consent.
\line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Within 60 days after the close of pleadings
or within 60 days after the action \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 becomes an

expedited action, whichever is later, each party to an expedited action \line \
up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 must deliver to each other party a list, in Form 141
, of the witnesses that the party \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 delivering
the list proposes to call at the trial of the expedited action, which list \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 must: \par\pard\ql \li4321\ri1474\sb220\sl-220\sl
mult0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 a) include the party delivering the
list, if that party intends to give evidence at \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex92 trial; and \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb
2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 b) exclude any expert witnesses.
\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1221\sb19\sl-220\
slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 The list must also include a written summa
ry of the evidence that the party \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 believes that wit
ness will give at trial. Under an expedited action, a party may not \up0 \expndt
w-9\charscalex92 call more than one expert of the party\u8223?s choosing. \par\p
ard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \e
xpndtw-8\charscalex92 Case Management Conferences may also be held, following th
e rules governing \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb1\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charsc
alex91 such an event. The Case Management Conference may be requested by one of
the \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb63\sl-230\slmult
0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-30 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paper
h15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg35}{\bkmkend Pg35}\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\s
l-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\sb0\sl-22
lex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 parties to the action by filing a requisition
in Form 142, or may be ordered by the \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 court.
\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1381\sb10\sl-226\s
lmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 Trial Management Conferences are set by the
registrar and are held 15 - 30 days \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 before the tria
l date. Each party attending the trial management conference must \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex93 file a trial brief and deliver a copy to each party no later than
seven days before \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 the trial management conference.
\par\pard\ql \li4321\sb211\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 The judg
e of a trial management conference may make the following orders: \par\pard\ql \
li4321\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 a) a trial scheduling
plan; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb230\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 b)
admissions of fact at trial; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb210\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \
expndtw-9\charscalex95 c) admission of documents at trial; including \par\pard
\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4321\ri1250\sb19\sl-220\slmult0\tx
4682 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 d) imposing time limits for the direct or cr
oss-examination of witnesses, opening \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 sta
tements and final submissions; \par\pard\ql \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard
\ql\li4321\sb2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 e) direct evidence
of witnesses be presented at trial by way of affidavit; \par\pard\li4321\sb222\s
l-230\slmult0\fi0\tx4682 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 f)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex93 the parties present opening statements and final submissions in writin
g;\par\pard\li4321\sb1\sl-223\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 and/or\
par\pard\ql \li4321\sb215\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 g) the n
umber of days reserved for the trial be changed. \par\pard\li2161\sb240\sl-276\s
lmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 J.
\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 Damages\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult
l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Claimants often have unrealistic expectations about th
e amount of damages they are likely to receive. \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 Cla
imants should be cautious about listening to stories of awards told by relatives
and friends as \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 these stories may be exaggerated an
d/or missing crucial pieces of information. \par\pard\li2881\sb234\sl-276\slmult
0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 1.\tab
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 How Damages are Assessed\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\s

l-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1218\sb58\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The court will determine what damages a cl
aimant is entitled to on the basis of precedent. \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 I
t is therefore possible to project what the court will award by looking for simi
lar cases. \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 The judgments will outline the nature of
the injuries sustained by the claimant and court\u8223?s \up0 \expndtw-9\charsc
alex86 assessment of damages. \par\pard\li2881\sb235\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \
up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw11\charscalex96 Heads of Damage\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-224\slmult0 \par\pard
\qj\li3601\ri1225\sb61\sl-224\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf2\f3\fs20 To understand an award, it is necessary to consider all the heads
of damage. For example, a \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 claimant who is a brain
surgeon at the height of his or her career and who has a finger \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex96 amputated might have a loss of prospective earnings claim in the m
illions and a relatively \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 small claim for non-pecuni
ary losses. In contrast, a claimant who is retired and has a leg \up0 \expndtw-8
\charscalex94 amputated may have a relatively low loss of prospective earnings c
laim but a relatively high \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 claim for non-pecuniary
damages. \par\pard\ql \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3601\sb2\sl-230\
slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 The major heads of damage are as follows: \
par\pard\li3601\sb237\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Non-pecuniary D
amages\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1220\sb66\sl
-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Non-pecuni
ary damages are awarded to compensate the claimant for pain and \line \up0 \expn
dtw-6\charscalex100 suffering, loss of enjoyment of life, loss of expectation of
life, etc. In 1978, the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 Supreme Court of Can
ada placed a cap of $100,000 on awards for non-pecuniary \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb
0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb15
2\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-31 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\pa
perw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg36}{\bkmkend Pg36}\par\pard\l
i4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\
sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0\par\pard\li4321\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0\par\pard\li4321\sb32\sl-230\slmult0\fi0\tx8585\tx9179 \up0 \expndtw-8\chars
calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 damages in Andrews v. Grand & Toy Alberta L
td.,\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 [1978]\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 8
3 D.L.R. (3d) 452\par\pard\qj \li4321\ri1228\sb0\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex93 (S.C.C.). This means that the limit for this head of damages in 200
2, after adjusting \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 for inflation, is now around $28
0,000. \par\pard\li3601\sb204\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charsca
lex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Loss of
Prospective Earnings\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321
\ri1220\sb58\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3
\fs20 Loss of prospective earnings is the capitalized value of the claimant\u822
3?s loss of \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 income from the time of the
accident to the claimant\u8223?s projected date of \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charsca
lex100 retirement. The capitalization rate will be calculated by using present r
ates of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 return on long-term investments, and
an allowance will be made for the effects of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97
future inflation. In determining the value of prospective earnings, the claimant
\u8223?s \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 earning capacity over his or her wo
rking life, prior to the accident, will be \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 e
valuated. In a claim for the capitalized value of lost prospective earnings, the
\line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 defendant will seek to reduce that amount b
y introducing evidence of future \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 contingencie
s. \par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4321\ri1220\sb10\sl-22
5\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 In calculating loss of prospective earni
ngs, the figure that is used is the loss of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 I
ncome Net of Taxes, as opposed to Gross Income Loss under Part I, s. 2.1 of the
\line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0\nosup

ersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . This applies to any unintentional accidents that occur after
June 17, 1997. This \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 amendment was brought i
nto force on October 1, 1997 by Orders in Council \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscal
ex90 numbers 949 and 1080. \par\pard\li3601\sb238\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4321 \up0
\expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\
charscalex94 Cost of Future Care\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\par
d\qj\li4321\ri1226\sb47\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf2\f3\fs20 Cost of future care is the cost of the claimant\u8223?s future
care over his or her \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 expected life span. As with l
oss of prospective earnings, cost of future care is \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91
capitalized and reduced for contingencies. \par\pard\li3601\sb232\sl-276\slmult
0\fi0\tx4321 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 d)\tab
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Special Damages\par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-226\slm
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Special damages compensate the claimant for e
xpenses like pills, crutches, \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 orthopaedic
shoes, and artificial limbs. Claimants should keep every document, \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-8\charscalex95 receipt and bill that relates to their accident. The claim
ant must have the originals \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 to be reimbursed.
\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex93 Lump Sum Awar
ds and Structured Settlements\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-224\slmult0 \par\pard\q
j\li3601\ri1223\sb64\sl-224\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf2\f3\fs20 Damages can be paid in a lump sum or through a structured settleme
nt. A structured \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 settlement is an arrangement
where the damages to which a claimant is entitled are left \line \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex98 under the control of the insurer. The insurer enters an annuity c
ontract with the claimant \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 and agrees to pay
that claimant a certain income for a set period of time. Structured \line \up0 \
expndtw-8\charscalex97 settlements are often recommended in infant cases and cas
es where the claimant has a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 mental disability
or infirmity. In rare cases, a court imposes a structured settlement. \par\pard
\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1223\sb11\sl-225\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Structured settlements are worth considering if the
amount of the principal settlement \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 exceeds $5
0,000 to $100,000. These arrangements offer advantages for the claimant and the
\line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 insurer. One advantage for the claimant is th
at the interest gained on that settlement is not \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscale
x100 taxable. The claimant therefore gets much more money than if he or she took
the lump \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 sum and invested it. Another advant
age is that the claimant does not suddenly come into a \line \up0 \expndtw-8\cha
rscalex96 large sum of money and run the risk of spending it foolishly. The adva
ntage to the insurer \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 is that the Corporation
doesn\u8223?t have to pay out all of the money at once and is entitled to \line
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex97 derive income from it. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1221\
sb220\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Structured settlements can be
set up through a number of licensed dealers in British \line \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex97 Columbia. Various options are available. For example, the claimant co
uld receive a lump \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\s
b0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb152\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\chars
calex90 12-32 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{
\bkmkstart Pg37}{\bkmkend Pg37}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard
\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\q
j\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\
li3601\ri1220\sb19\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\
cf2\f3\fs20 sum every five years, an indexed monthly sum, a monthly sum that dec
reases over the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 years, or a monthly sum and p
eriodic lump sum payments. Most dealers do not charge for \line \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex93 providing projections of the various income streams and the costs a
ssociated with them. \par\pard\li2161\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expn

dtw-11\charscalex91 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 K.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charsc
alex91 Costs\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-225\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1219\s
b58\sl-225\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 In a
ddition to the claim for damages, the claimant should claim costs. Courts award
costs as crude \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 compensation for the costs of pursui
ng the claim. Costs are calculated or assessed on the basis of a \up0 \expndtw-7
\charscalex100 tariff set out in the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Supreme Co
urt Act\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 443. They do not fully co
mpensate the \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 claimant for the cost of pursuing the
litigation but go some distance toward paying for the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale
x91 disbursements and a portion of the legal fees charged by the lawyer. \par\pa
upersub\cf10\f11\fs24 L.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 Reaching a Settlement
Before Trial\par\pard\li2161\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li2161\sb19\sl-276\slm
ult0\fi720\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 1.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscal
ex95 Negotiation\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri12
Following the discovery, defence counsel will write a detailed reporting letter
to the \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 adjuster making recommendations about a set
tlement. The adjuster will present the defence \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 cou
nsel\u8223?s recommendations to ICBC, which may or may not accept them. Upon rep
ly, \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 defence counsel will inform the claimant\u8223
?s counsel of ICBC\u8223?s position. If the claimant is \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex96 unwilling to settle, the claimant\u8223?s counsel may contact the adjuster
and submit a counter\up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 offer. This process will likely
be repeated several times. These types of negotiations are \up0 \expndtw-9\char
scalex92 expensive, time consuming, slow, and frustrating. \par\pard\li2881\sb25
1\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\
f11\fs24 2.\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 Mediation\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0
\sl-224\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1221\sb66\sl-224\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\c
harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The Notice to Mediate is a new process
by which any party to a motor vehicle action in \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
94 Supreme Court may compel all other parties to the action to mediate the matte
rs in dispute. \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Authority for the \ul0\nosuper
sub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Notice to Mediate Regulation\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , B
.C. Reg. 127/98 is contained in s. 44.1 of \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 th
e \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . The regulatio
n came into force on April 14, 1998. The Notice to Mediate process \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-5\charscalex100 does not provide a blanket mechanism to compel parties in
to mediation. Rather, this \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 process provides i
nstitutional support for mediation in the context of motor vehicle actions. \par
t0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 The party that wishes to initiate mediation deli
vers a Notice to Mediate to all other parties \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96
in the action. Within 10 days after the Notice has been delivered to all partie
s, the parties \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 must jointly agree upon and ap
point a mediator. The mediation must occur within 60 days \line \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex94 of the mediator\u8223?s appointment, unless all parties agree in wr
iting to a later date. If one party \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 fails to
comply with a provision of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Notice to Media
te Regulation\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , any of the other \line \up0 \expndtw8\charscalex96 parties may file a Declaration of Default with the court. If this
occurs, the court has a wide \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 range of powers
, such as staying the action until the defaulting party attends mediation, or \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex91 making such orders as to costs that the court c
onsiders appropriate. \par\pard\qj \li3601\ri1220\sb215\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \exp
ndtw-8\charscalex97 The parties will share the cost of the mediator equally, unl
ess the parties agree on some \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 other cost shar
ing arrangement. The hourly rates of mediators vary, and this is a factor to \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 be considered in selecting a mediator. The media

tor will probably spend about one hour \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 prepar
ing for the mediation, and the mediation session will last about three hours. \p
ar\pard\li2881\sb240\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul
0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 3.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 ICBC\u8217?s Obl
igations to the Insured\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li36
01\ri1227\sb53\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs20 ICBC has an obligation to protect the insured by making an effort to sett
le the claim in the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 limits of the amounts of
coverage. Insurers are under an obligation to consider the interests \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex96 of their insured in deciding whether to settle a claim.
The insurer assumes by contract the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 power of
deciding whether to settle and it must exercise that power in good faith. \par\p
ard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pa
\ql\li5896\sb11\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-33 \par\pard\sect
\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg38}{\bkmkend Pg
38}\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult
0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0
\par\pard\qj\li3601\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1225\sb43\sl-226\sl
mult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 In Fredrikson v.
ICBC (1990), 44 B.C.L.R. (2d) 303 (S.C.), Esson C.J. summarizes the law \up0 \ex
pndtw-6\charscalex100 respecting the insurer\u8223?s duty to its insureds in cer
tain areas discussed therein. In this \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 particular c
ase, ICBC acted in good faith, and in a fair and open manner, followed the \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex93 course the insured wished to take. Among the points rais
ed in the judgment are: \par\pard\qj \li4321\sb0\sl-223\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li4
321\ri1943\sb14\sl-223\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 The exclusive discr
etionary power of ICBC to settle liability claims \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex94 places the insured at the mercy of the insurer. This vulnerability imposes
\line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 duties on the insurer to act in good faith a
nd deal fairly, and to not act \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 contrary to t
he interests of the insured, or, at least, to fully advise the \line \up0 \expnd
tw-7\charscalex100 insured of its intention to do so. The insurer\u8223?s duty t
o defend includes \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 the obligation to defend by
all lawful means the amount of any judgment \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89
awarded against the insured. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\q
j\li3601\ri1222\sb20\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 See also Shea v
. Manitoba Public Insurance Corporation (1991), 55 B.C.L.R. (2d) 15 (S.C.), per
\line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89 Finch J. \par\pard\li2881\sb245\sl-276\slmult
0\fi0\tx3601 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 4.\tab
\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex94 Payments into Court\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-226
ex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Where the defendant has tabled an offer that th
e claimant has not accepted, the defendant \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 may make
payment into court to compel a settlement. The defendant will pay the sum of \u
p0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 money it deems appropriate for settlement to the cash
ier of the court and the money will \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 be held pendin
g the outcome of the trial. At the end of the trial, the judge will inquire \up0
\expndtw-7\charscalex100 whether a payment into court has been made. If the amo
unt awarded by the judge falls \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 below the amount pa
id into court, the judge will deprive the plaintiff of costs and assess \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex93 costs against the plaintiff for the expenses incurred by th
e defendant. \par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-224\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3601\ri1217\
sb12\sl-224\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 The rule of court that penaliz
es a plaintiff for overreaching the true value of a claim is \line \up0 \expndtw
-5\charscalex100 nothing short of catastrophic in its potential to visit financi
al ruin upon a claimant who \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 does not exercise
a sober and realistic assessment of his or her claim as he or she proceeds \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 into Supreme Court. It is entirely within the rea
lm of possibility that a claimant who refuses \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95

to accept an offer of $26,000.00, after judgment for $25,000.00 (i.e. lower tha
n the offer to \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 settle) would finish the day,
after paying the insurer\u8223?s costs and disbursements, and his or \line \up0
\expndtw-8\charscalex98 her own disbursements, with \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs20
nothing \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 or worse: a debt to the insurer and his or h
er own \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 lawyer for disbursements. It should be
stressed to clients that the lawyer who is hired to do \line \up0 \expndtw-8\ch
arscalex96 a personal injury case is supposed to be objective, realistic, and no
t inclined to simply tell \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 the client what th
ey want to hear. When a lawyer talks about the risks of litigation, this \line \
up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 penalty for misjudging the value of a case is the la
rgest risk of all. \par\pard\li1440\sb246\sl-322\slmult0\fi0\tx2161 \up0 \expndt
w0\charscalex112 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs27 VII.\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex
100 MISCELLANEOUS\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li1440\sb21\sl-276
\slmult0\fi720\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs2
4 A.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 Subrogation\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-22
lex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 This is a common feature of all insurance con
tracts and regulations. Specifically, when ICBC \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 ass
umes liability for payment of benefits or damages of any kind, it is \u8222?subr
ogated\u8223? to the right of \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 recovery which the pa
yee had against any other person (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 84). In other words, ICBC has all \up0 \expndtw-5\charsca
lex100 remedies available to it that the compensated person might have exercised
by him or herself, \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex95 according to s. 83 of the \ul0\
nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 . \par\pard\li2161\sb
249\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10
\f11\fs24 B.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex97 How ICBC Sets Premiums\par\pard\q
\expndtw-8\charscalex93 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Premiums are based on: wher
e you live, how the vehicle is used, the type of vehicle, and the driver\u8223?s
\up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 claim record. \par\pard\qj \li2881\ri1223\sb204\sl
-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 Customers can vary their premiums by i
ncreasing/decreasing their deductibles, as well as the extent \up0 \expndtw-9\ch
arscalex94 of their optional coverage. \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \
par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb89\sl-230\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-34 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh158
40\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg39}{\bkmkend Pg39}\par\pard\ql \li2881\sb0\sl-23
0\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb0\sl-230\
slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb0\sl-230\sl
mult0 \par\pard\ql\li2881\sb19\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 \ul0\
nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Experienced drivers may receive discounts up to 20 percen
t on optional insurance. \par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li
2881\ri1217\sb8\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 Physically disabled
persons may be entitled to a discount (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA Regul
ations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 40 REPEALED) and \up0 \expndtw-6\charscal
ex100 seniors are currently entitled to a special rate class. There is an inform
al discount review body \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 created by corporate policy
to ensure that discounts are appropriately awarded, but this body was not \up0
\expndtw-9\charscalex93 created for the purposes of hearing formal appeals. \par
\pard\li2161\sb233\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 \ul0\
nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 C.\tab \up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex96 Driver Point Premi
ums\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1217\sb71\sl-22
0\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 The point pen
alty system is authorized by ss. 210 and 211 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs2
0\ul MVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 and is spelled out in \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\
f16\fs20\ul MVA \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Regulations\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f
s20 , s. 28.02. It has a bearing on insurance because the number of points beyon
d the set \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 limits accumulated during the first year
are taken into account when fixing the premiums. \par\pard\li2161\sb249\sl-276\s

lmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 D
.\tab \up0 \expndtw-10\charscalex100 Waiver\par\pard\qj \li2881\sb0\sl-226\slmul
t0 \par\pard\qj\li2881\ri1217\sb45\sl-226\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Section 12 of the \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul I
A\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 stipulates that for the better administration of t
he plan, the Corporation may \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 either generally, or
for a particular case, waive a term or condition of the plan, but no term or \up
0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 condition shall be deemed waived by the Corporation un
less the waiver is specifically in writing or \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex94 signe
d by an officer of the Corporation. \par\pard\ql \li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par
\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\p
ard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\par
d\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\
ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql
\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\l
i5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5
6\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\
sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb
0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\
sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl
-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-2
30\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230
\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\s
lmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \
par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb1\sl-230\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-35 \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24}

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{\rtf1{\fonttbl

{\f2 Arial Bold;}

25\slmult0\fi720\tldot\tx10669 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 (VEHICLE) REGULATION

tw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 7\par\pard\li1440\sb16\sl

alex89 c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex92 Disability Beyond 104 Weeks\expndtw0\

.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex86 Conditions of Liability Under ss. 20 and 24 o

arscalex89 22\par\pard\li1440\sb0\sl-226\slmult0\fi182\tx2161\tldot\tx10588 \up0

2405\tldot\tx10588 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex87 4.\tab \up0 \expndtw-9\charscale

ructured Settlements\expndtw0\charscalex100\tab \t \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex89

ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 Gregory, E.A. and Gregory, G.F.T., \ul0\nosupersub\cf

nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Insurance (Motor Vehicle) Act\ul0\tab \up0 \expndtw4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 [\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA

arscalex91 licensed and insured (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupe

the action against the \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 insured/tortfeasor, in

67), and collision (\u8220?own damage\u8221?) insurance may be \up0 \expndtw-8\

\li5944\sb132\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex90 12-6 \par\pard\sect\se

20 ICBC is not liable to an insured who, to the prejudice of the Corporation, fa

3961 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex81 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 neither

ub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul Compensation Act \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 of a similar la

ouck \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 J., the purpose of s. 19(1)(e) (now

\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 within 30 days of the change,

for wages \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 or profit, or a person who for an

d by the insured as a result of the \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95 injury fo

harscalex94 Conditions and Exclusions\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \pa

sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li3961\sb0\sl

ard\qj\li3601\ri1222\sb91\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu

es of coverage \par\pard\qj \li3961\ri1221\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\ch

ified or uninsured \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 vehicle is responsible, i

j \li2161\sb0\sl-226\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2161\ri1217\sb59\sl-226\slmult0 \up0

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 75}}

\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs24 b)\tab \up0 \expndt

s statement in his or her \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 application for

ty (\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IVA\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 , s. 96). \p

onetheless, it would be prudent for unsophisticated or illiterate claimants to h

fs20 , ICBC may appoint a doctor to make an \u8220?independent\u8221? medical as

-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs20 accordance

n areas that the plaintiff believed to be \line \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex93 irr

liding scale, so that \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 the fee increases a

s. Clients should not be afraid to book an \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 appointm

ult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb0\sl-230\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5896\sb161\sl-230\slm

\li4321\sb211\sl-230\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-9\charscalex92 a) the opening stat

or within 60 days after the action \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 becomes an

\up0 \expndtw-11\charscalex92 How Damages are Assessed\par\pard\qj \li3601\sb0\s

\line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs20\ul IA\ul0\nosup

ssociated with them. \par\pard\li2161\sb236\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2881 \up0 \expn

ne \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 be considered in selecting a mediator. The media

lm of possibility that a claimant who refuses \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex95

are taken into account when fixing the premiums. \par\pard\li2161\sb249\sl-276\s

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