The Tuskegee Airmen Mollie Heinen Junior Division Website Category Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Chicago Defender.

"President Truman Wipes out Segregation in Armed Forces." The Civil Rights Era (31 July 1948): n. page. African American Odyssey: (Part 1). Web. 30 Jan. 2013. I learned more about Executive Order 9981 from this article. It was helpful because I used it in the impact section on my website. Davies, Dave. "'Double V': The Fight for Civil Rights in the U.S. Military." Fresh Air. NRP. (202) 513-3232, Washington D.C., 21 Jan. 2013. Radio. Transcript. From this article, I learned about how African Americans were treated in the military during and before WWII. This helped me because I was able to better understand the importance of blacks being treated equally. "Tuskegee Airmen." News Night Minnesota. Tpt. St. Paul, Minnesota, 28 May 2001. Mnvideovault.org. Twin Cities Public Television, Inc., 2013. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. Transcript. From this program 'The Tuskegee Airmen' I learned that segregation was still going on when they returned from the war. This video helped me understand the severity of racism during that time period.

Secondary Sources

"Air Men Overview." American Visionaries. Park Net National Park Services, 15 Mar. 2000. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. In the article 'Airmen Overview' I learned why African Americans weren't allowed in the air force. I learned about the Tuskegee Program and about what they did in combat. This website was very helpful; it will be used in my background, body and impact. "Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.." Encyclopdia Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopdia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. . Benjamin O. Davis Jr. was one of the first to earn his pilot wings and was the commander of the 99th squadron. This source was very useful because it helped me learn about the people in the Tuskegee Airmen. Butkus, Brian. "Tuskegee Airmen." The Official Website of the U.S. Air Force. N.p., 2 Feb. 2009. Web. 3 Dec. 2012. In the article 'Tuskegee Airmen' I learned about their training, combat and the people involved. This information was helpful because I now have a better understanding of all the people involved in the Tuskegee Program.

De, Capua Sarah. The Tuskegee Airmen: African-American Pilots of World War II. Chanhassen, MN: Child's World, 2004. Print.

The Tuskegee Airmen Mollie Heinen Junior Division Website Category In this article I learned about the air force segregation and about the steps to letting blacks in. This was helpful information because I learned how important it was that it got desegregated. Gates, Henry Louis. "The Tuskegee Airmen." Life upon These Shores: Looking at African American History, 1513-2008. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2011. 304-05. Print. From this source, I learned about the formation of the Tuskegee Airmen and the AfroAmerican Council. This information helped me because I used it in the background and heart sections of my website. George, Linda, and Charles George. The Tuskegee Airmen. New York: Children's, 2001. Print. In this book I found more information on the Tuskegee Airmen and some of their missions and victories. I also got a helpful quote. This is helpful because I will be able to use it in the heart of my project. Gropman, Alan L. "The Tuskegee Airmen." Airforce-magazine.com. N.p., Mar. 1996. Web. 21 Dec. 2012. From this source I got information on the desegregation of the military and information on the formation. This is helpful to the background and heart of my project.

Hardesty, Von. "Into Combat." Black Wings: Courageous Stories of African Americans in Aviation and Space History. New York: HarperCollins, 2008. 86+. Print. I learned about the Tuskegee Airmen and some of their combat missions. This

information helped me with my final project because I was able to use it in the heart category. Homan, Lynn M., and Thomas Reilly. "The Opening of the Door, Tuskegee, Red Tails." Black Knights: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen. Gretna, LA: Pelican Pub., 2001. 27+. Print. I learned about the formation of the Tuskegee Airmen and how the program came to be. This was helpful information for my build-up section. Jablonski, Edward. America in the Air War. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life, 1982. 139. Print. In this book I learned about the first all African American group to go overseas was the 99th squadron. This information is helpful because it made me realize how big of an event this was. "Jim Crow Law." Compton's by Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica Online School Edition. Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc., 2013. Web. 30 Jan. 2013. . I learned about Jim Crow laws, and how they affected and enforced segregation. This information was helpful in my background because it gave me a better understanding of how serious segregation was.

Lawson, Steven F. "Segregation, Freedom's Story, TeacherServe, National Humanities Center." Segregation, Freedom's Story, TeacherServe, National Humanities Center. National Humanities Center Fellow, n.d. Web. 08 Feb. 2013. From this source I learned about racial segregation and how it affected African American people. This information was very helpful because I was able to use it in my

The Tuskegee Airmen Mollie Heinen Junior Division Website Category background. Lynch, Hollis. "African Americans (people) : African American Life during the Great Depression and the New Deal." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. I learned about Executive Order 8802 and 9981. I also learned more about the integration of the armed services. This information was helpful because I was able to use it in my build-up and the heart of my website. MeGee Smith, Charlene. "II: College Years and V: The Homecoming." Tuskegee Airmen. N.p.: Branden Publication, 1999. N. pag. Print. From the chapters 'College Years' and 'The Homecoming', I learned about the formation of the 99th squadron. This helped me with the heart of my project. Miller, Melissa T. "Military.com Content." Military.com Content. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Dec. 2012. From this article on military.com, I learned about the impact the Tuskegee Airmen made, what they did in combat and what things were like for them once they returned from their oversea missions. This information helped me with the impact and heart of my project. "racial Segregation." Encyclopdia Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopdia Britannica Inc., 2013. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. . From this article, I learned more about racial segregation and in which parts of america segregation was present. This information was very helpful because it helped me have a greater understanding of segregation.

Taylor, Clarence. "Patriotism Crosses the Color Line: African Americans in World War II." The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, n.d. Web. 30 Dec. 2012. I learned how African Americans were treated before the integration of the military. Also some of the awards that they were given. This information was helpful becasue I now know the affect that the integration caused. "Timeline: South Central Los Angeles." PBS. PBS, 2013. Web. 10 Feb. 2013. From the article 'Timeline: South Central Los Angeles', I learned about Executive order 8802. This was helpful because it gave me more background knowledge to my topic. "Tuskegee Airmen." Compton's by Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica Online School Edition. Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc., 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. . From the article, "Tuskegee Airmen, I learned about where they trained, their commander, and some of their missions. This was helpful because it gave me more information on the heart of the story.

"Tuskegee Airmen." Encyclopdia Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopdia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. . From this article, I learned about some of their combat missions and about the Tuskegee Program. This source was helpful because it gave me knowledge on the heart of the Tuskegee Airmen. "Tuskegee Airmen." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 06 Dec. 2012. From the article, "Tuskegee Airmen",

The Tuskegee Airmen Mollie Heinen Junior Division Website Category I learned about the affect they had on the military. This information was helpful because I learned about the impact they made. "Who Are the Tuskegee Airmen of World War II?" Tuskegee Airmen National Museum. Tuskegee Airmen National Historical Museum, n.d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013. This article taught me about what people thought of the Tuskegee Airmen and about their training. This was helpful information because it made me realize how big of an affect they created. World War II." Encyclopdia Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopdia Britannica Inc., 2013. Web. 10 Jan. 2013. . From this article I learned when WWII started and ended. This helped me because now I know how long the war was compared to how long the Tuskegee Airmen were in it. Sungha Jung, I Believe I can Fly Perfect Blue, MP3. This was helpful because I was able to put it on my website and have it play.