2

Topic: Macluarins Series

1) SRJC/BT2/10/2/4b
tan
1
3x
2


Given


y = e

. Prove that (1 + 9 x )
d

y
= 3(1 6 x)
dy
.

dx
2
dx
Obtain the Maclaurins series of y = e
tan
1
3x
up to and including the first three
terms. [4]
Ans: 1 + 3x +
9
x
2
+

2
2) IJC/BT2/10/1/1
Find the constants a and b such that, when x is small,



Ans: a =
3
, b =
11

cos 2 x
1 3x

~ 1 + ax + bx
2
.


[4]
2 8
3) PJC/BT2/10/1/1
Given that u is sufficiently small such that
2 + cosu

~ b +

3
u

19
u
2
,

a tan u 25 250
find the values of a and b. [5]
Ans: a = 5; b =
3

5
4) ACJC/07/2/4
i)
Given that


y = tan x , show that

d
2
y
dx
2



= 2 y
dy
. Hence find Maclaurins series

dx
for y, up to and including the term in x
3
. [5]
ii)
Using the standard series expansion for ln (1 + x ) and Maclaurins series for

y, find the series expansion of ln (1 + tan x ), in ascending powers of x up to


iii)
and including the term in x
3
. [2]
sec
2
2x

Hence show that the first three non-zero terms in the expansion of

1 + tan 2x
are 1 2 x + 8x
2
. [3]
Ans: i) x +
1
x
3
+ ... , ii)

3
x
1
x
2
+
2
x
3
...

2 3
5) NJC/07/2/2

Given that y =


1
1 x
2




, show that
i)
(
1 x
2
)
d y
= xy ;

d x


[1]
ii)
d
3
y

= 0
d x
3


when

x = 0


[3]
Obtain the Maclaurins expansion of y up to and including the term in x
2
. [1]
Hence find the Maclaurins expansion of y = sin
1
x up to and including the term
in x
3
. (Integration is required) [2]
3

Ans: 1 +
1
x
2
+ ,

2
6) NYJC/07/1/4
x +
x

6
+


d
3
y





d
2
y dy

If y = ln(cos x) , prove that

dx
3

+ 2

dx
2

= 0 .
dx

[2]
Hence or otherwise, obtain the Maclaurins expansion of y in terms of x up to and
including the term in x
4
. [3]
2 2


Using

x =
t
, show that ln 2
t |
1 +
t |
.

4 16

96
|

\ .
x
2
x
4
[3]
Ans: + ...
2 12
7) MJC/BT2/10/2/1
1


Given that y =
(
3 2e
2 x
)
4
.

i) Show that


4 y
3
dy
2 y
4
+ 6 = 0 .
dx



[2]
ii) By further differentiation of this result, or otherwise, find Maclaurins series


iii)

for y up to and including the term in x
2
. [3]
1


Deduce the equation of the tangent to the curve y =
(
3 2e
2x
)
4


at the point
where x = 0 . [1]
Ans: 1 x
5
x
2
+ ... ,

2

y = 1 x

d
dx
2

x
8) AJC/10/1/3
The variables x and y are related by
y
dy
= e
tan
1
2 x

dx
and the gradient of the curve of y = f(x) at the y-intercept is 2. Prove that
2
(
1 + 4x
2
)
y

y
+
| dy |
(
dy

= 2 y .

dx
2

|
(
\ .
(

dx

By further differentiation, find the series expansion of y in terms of x up to and
including the term in x
3
. Hence write down the equation of tangent to the curve at
the y-intercept. [6]

Ans:

1
+ 2x 2 x
2
+
28
x
3
+ , y =
1
+ 2x

2 3 2
9) SAJC/BT2/10/1/8

It is given that y = ln (cos x ) , where

< x <

.

4 4
i)
d
3
y

d
2
y dy

Prove that + 2

dx
3
dx
2

= 0 .
dx [2]
ii)
Find the Maclaurins series for ln (cos x ) , up to and including the term in x
4
.
[3]
iii)
Deduce that the Maclaurins series for ln (1 + cos 2x ) up to and including the

term in x
4
is ln 2 x
2

1
x
4
.

6


[2]

Ans:

y =
1
x
2

1


x
4
+

2 12
10) NYJC/BT2/10/2/3
It is given that y = tan(1 e
x
) .
i)
d
2
y dy

Show that

dx
2

= (1 2e y)
dx

[3]
ii) Find the Maclaurins series for y in ascending powers of x, up to and including
the term in x
2
. [2]
iii)

Expand
tan(1 e
x
)
1 + 2 x

as a series in ascending powers of x, up to and including
the term in x
2
and state the range of x for which this expansion is valid. [3]
Hence, by using the expansion in (iii), find the range of x such that
tan(1 e
x
) 1

> x .

1 + 2x 3 [2]
Ans: ii) x
1
x
2
+ ... , iii) x +
3
x
2
, x <
1
, 0.5 < x < 0.471or 0.471 < x < 0.5

2 2 2
2
11) IJC/BT2/10/1/7
The points Q and R are fixed in a plane, and S is a variable point which moves in the
plane so that QS = kRS , where k is a constant such that 0 < k < 1. The angles SQR and
SRQ, measured in radians, are x and y respectively (see diagram).
S







x
y
Q R

i)
Show that sin y = k sin x . Deduce that y s sin
1
k for all positions of S.
[2]

ii) By differentiation of the equation in part (i), or otherwise, show that
d
2
y

|
dy
|

cos y sin y
|

dx
2
\
dx
.
= k sin x .

[2]
iii) By using Maclaurins series, or otherwise, show that if x is sufficiently small
for powers of x above x
3
to be neglected, then
k
(
k
2
1
)

y ~ kx +
6



x
3
.




[4]