Automation and Drives

Communication in Automation

SITRAIN IK-IESYS / Communication Overview

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Contents The automation hierarchy .................................................................................................................. Process/field communication, data communication ......................................................................... SIMATIC subnets ............................................................................................................................... Point-to-point link modules ................................................................................................................. EIB, European Installation Bus (KNX) in building automation ........................................................... Actuator Sensor Interface, AS-i bus .................................................................................................... MPI communication ............................................................................................................................ PROFIBUS ........................................................................................................................................ Industrial Ethernet ............................................................................................................................... PROFINET based on Industrial Ethernet ............................................................................................ Routers ...............................................................................................................................................

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IK-IESYS Communication in Automation

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The automation hierarchy

Management level Cell level

Industrial Ethernet

PROFIBUS/MPI Field level Actuator/ sensor level AS interface

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Management level

Higher-level tasks which are important to the overall operation of the system are processed at the management level (management functions). In addition to saving process values, this also includes optimizing and analyzing process functions as well as their output in the form of logs. The data required for this purpose are compiled and processed company-wide. It is also possible to access different sites from the management level. The number of nodes can exceed 1,000.

Cell level

All automation and optimization tasks are processed independently at cell level. Programmable controllers, PCs, and HMI units are interconnected at cell level. The field level is the link between the systems and the programmable controllers. The field devices monitor, signal and forward the commands from cell level to the systems. At this level, the volume of data transferred is relatively small. Hierarchical communication is typical, i.e., several field devices communicate with one master.

Field level

Actuator/sensor level At this level, a master communicates with the actuators and sensors connected to its subnet. It is characterized by fast response times for a few data bits.

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Process/field communication, data communication

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Process or field communication Process or field communication is used to link sensors and actuators to a controller. The connection can be made via an interface integrated into the CPU or using interface modules (IMs, CPs). SIMATIC and SIMOTION can be used with PROFIBUS DP and AS-Interface as well as EIB, which is the bridge between factory automation and building automation. Data communication Data communication is used for data exchange between programmable controllers or between programmable controllers and intelligent partners such as PCs, computers, etc. SIMATIC and SIMOTION support data communication via Industrial Ethernet and PROFIBUS.

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SIMATIC subnets
PG 720

OPs MPI network Industrial Ethernet PROFIBUS

PC, OS

PG

Point-to-point

Cell level

SIMATIC S5 PROFIBUS DP

S7-400

M7-400

S7-300

- SINUMERIK, RCM - TI 505 - non-Siemens PLC

DP/AS-I link ET 200C AS-i (actuator-sensor interface) AS-i submodules Field device with AS-i ASIC
SITRAIN IK-IESYS / Communication Overview

ET 200B/L

Actuatorsensor level

AS-i power supply Sensors and actuators

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SIEMENS offers the following subnets for the different communication tasks at cell level (non-time-critical) and field level (time-critical). Point-to-point connection Point-to-point connections are used primarily for non-time-critical data exchange between two stations or for the connection of devices such as OPs, printers, barcode scanners, magnetic stripe card scanners, etc. AS-Interface The actuator-sensor interface is a subnet for the lowest process level of a system. Binary sensors and actuators can be connected. The MPI subnet has been designed for tasks at cell level. The MPI (multi-point interface) is the multi-point interface in the SIMATIC S7. It has been designed as a programming device interface, i.e. for the connection of programming devices (commissioning and testing) and OPs (operator control and monitoring). The MPI subnet can also be used to link just a few CPUs. PROFIBUS is the network for the cell and field level in the open, multi-vendor SIMATIC communications network. Two versions are available: At the cell level as PROFIBUS for non-time-critical communication between intelligent nodes with equal priority. As PROFIBUS DP fieldbus for time-critical, cyclic data communication between intelligent masters and field devices.

MPI

PROFIBUS

Industrial Ethernet

Industrial Ethernet is the network used at management and cell level in the open, multi-vendor SIMATIC communications network. Industrial Ethernet has been designed for non-time-critical transmission of large data volumes and can be used to connect to networks on different sites via gateways.

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Point-to-point link modules

1 interface 9.6 Kbit/s to 76 Kbit/s
Protocols: ASCII 3964(R) RK 512 Printers
Drivers can be reloaded

Programming devices PCs, computers

Robot controls Scanners barcode readers, identification systems

Opto-electronics

Printers Physical characteristics: 20 mA (TTY) RS 232C (V.24)

RS 422/485 (X.27)

S7-300

Weighing systems, Controllers SIMATIC S5

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A point-to-point link permits data to be exchanged over a serial interface between Programmable controllers Programmable controllers and PGs/PCs Programmable controllers and non-Siemens systems Characteristics of a point-to-point link using the example of the CP341

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EIB, European Installation Bus (KNX) in building automation

Powerline 230 V Powerline bus coupling unit DP/EIB link Powerline coupler KNX EIB binary input modules EIB pushbutton unit

Wind sensor

Drive

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EIB, KNX

The EIB (European Installation Bus) is now commonly used in Europe or building services. It is supported by many representatives of the electrical and building automation sector who have come together to form the European Installation Bus Association (EIBA) A defined standard interface allows products by different vendors to be used in a common installation. One of the objectives of the EIB technology is to control the operational functions and processes in a building by means of the common bus cable. For control purposes, a twisted pair bus cable is routed through the building. In addition to transmitting the control messages, it also transmits the 24 V supply for the bus nodes. EIB is a distributed, event-driven serial bus system based on CSMA/CA. It is used to acquire, control,monitor, and signal all operational functions in a building or large facility. The ETS2 configuring tool is used to configure the system on the EIB side.

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Actuator-sensor interface, AS-i bus

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AS-Interface

AS-Interface is an open, international standard based on EN 50295 and IEC 62026-2 for process and field communication. It is supported by the world's leading vendors of actuators and sensors. AS-Interface is a single-master system. For the Siemens programmable controllers, there are communications processors (CPs) and routers (links), which control the process or field communication as masters, and actuators and sensors which can be addresses as AS-Interface slaves.

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MPI communication
Data exchange: 187.5 Kbit/s to 12 Mbit/s Up to 32 bus nodes, up to 32 active connections per CPU Communication services:
PG/OP communication functions Global data communication for small data volumes, without programming overhead
S7 standard communication for small data volumes up to 76 bytes

Cost-effective communication integrated as standard

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MPI, multi-point interface MPI supports a variety of baud rates to help ensure the accuracy of the transmitted data. An MPI subnet can connect any combination of SIMATIC devices: S7 controllers (such as S7-300, S7-400 or C7) HMI devices (such as operator panels or touch panels) Programming device (PG) or programming station (PC) Every SIMATIC CPU supports the MPI protocol. (S7-200 is only an MPI slave device.) You do not need a CP module (communications processor) to connect an S7 device to an MPI network.

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PROFIBUS

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PROFIBUS

PROFIBUS DP PROFIBUS PA Data communication

PROFIBUS is a bus system for process and field communication in cell networks with a small number of nodes and with field devices for data communication compliant with IEC 61 158/EN 50 170. It is open for the connection of non-Siemens components which are also compliant with the relevant standards. For fast, cyclic data exchange with field devices For applications in process automation and in the intrinsically-safe area

PROFIBUS FDL and for data communication between programmable controllers of various FMS vendors.

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Industrial Ethernet

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Industrial Ethernet

Industrial Ethernet, which is based on the IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.11 standards, allows you to connect your programmable controller to your office networks. Industrial Ethernet supports information technology (IT) services which you can use to access and work with production data from the office environment.

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PROFINET based on Industrial Ethernet

PROFINET IO PROFINET CBA

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PROFINET

PROFINET is the innovative and open Industrial Ethernet standard (IEC 61158) for industrial automation. With PROFINET, devices can be linked from the field level all the way to the management level. PROFINET permits integrated communication, supports system-wide engineering and uses IT standards all the way down to the field level. PROFINET IO enables distributed field devices (IO devices such as signal modules) to be connected directly to Industrial Ethernet. During the familiar configuration process with STEP 7, these field devices are assigned to a central controller ("IO controllers"). Existing modules or devices can continue to be used with PROFINET-compatible interfaces or links, thereby safeguarding investments already made by PROFIBUS or AS-Interface users. A configuration with standard and fail-safe modules in a single station is also possible. An IO Supervisor serves HMI and diagnostics purposes as on PROFIBUS using hierarchical diagnostics screen forms (overview and detailed diagnostics). User data is transferred by means of real-time communication; configuration and diagnostics by means of TCP/IP or IT standards. The simple engineering which proved its worth on PROFIBUS has been used for PROFINET also. From the point of view of programming with STEP 7, it makes no difference whether an I/O device is accessed via PROFIBUS or PROFINET.

PROFINET IO

PROFINET CBA

PROFIBUS International has defined a standard for implementing modular plant structures: PROFINET CBA (Component Based Automation). Modularization has already proven its worth in mechanical and plant engineering. Parts that are required frequently are premachined and can quickly be combined to build an customized unit following the placing of an order. With the help of software components, PROFINET CBA is extending modularization to the field of plant automation technology. Software components are encapsulated, reusable software functions. They can be individual technological functions such as controllers or user programs for entire machines. Like blocks they can be flexibly combined and easily reused regardless of their internal programming. Communication between software components takes place exclusively via component interfaces. Outwardly, only the variables required for interaction with other components can be accessed on these interfaces. Software components are created with STEP 7 or other vendor-specific tools. SIMATIC iMap is used for system-wide configuration based on the graphical interconnection of components. IK-IESYS Communication in Automation

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Routers

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Routers

Routers from one bus system to another are implemented using links, controllers (PLCs) or PCs. On controllers or PCs, integrated interfaces and communications processors (CPs) can be used for this. Links forward data autonomously from one network to the other.

Available links IE/PB Link and IE/PB Link PN IO for the transition from Industrial Ethernet to PROFIBUS (also for fail-safe communication) IE/AS-i LINK PN IO for the transition from Industrial Ethernet to AS-Interface IWLAN/PB Link PN IO for the transition from IWLAN to PROFIBUS PB DP/PB DP and PB DP/PB PA for linking DP/DP and DP/PA networks DP/AS-i LINK Advanced and DP/AS Interface Link 20E for the transition from PROFIBUS to AS-Interface DP/EIB Link for the transition from PROFIBUS to KNX/EIB

In the case of PLCs, e.g., SIMATIC S7-200, S7300, S7-400, SINUMERIK or SIMOTION C, data are exchanged between the individual networks by means of communications processors or integrated interfaces. Data are linked by means of a controller, and thus forwarded to the other network as preprocessed data.

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IK-IESYS Communication in Automation