/****************************************************************************** eXtreme Electronics xAPI(TM) xAPI is a Powerful but easy to use C library to program the xBoard(TM) series of AVR

R development board. The library has support for commonly use tasks like: *LCD interfacing *MUXED 7 segment displays. *Remote Control *Serial Communication *DC Motor Controls with Speed Control *Analog Measurement for Sensor Interface. *Temperature Measurement. *I2C Communication. *EEPROM Interface *Real Time Clock (RTC Interface) The APIs are highly documented and easy to use even by a beginner. For More Info Log On to www.eXtremeElectronics.co.in Copyright 20082010 eXtreme Electronics India LCD Core This module is used for interfacing with Standard Alpha Numeric LCD Modules. For More information please see supplied tutorials and videos. NOTICE NO PART OF THIS WORK CAN BE COPIED, DISTRIBUTED OR PUBLISHED WITHOUT A WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM EXTREME ELECTRONICS INDIA. THE LIBRARY, NOR ANY PART OF IT CAN BE USED IN COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS. IT IS INTENDED TO BE USED FOR HOBBY, LEARNING AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE ONLY. IF YOU WANT TO USE THEM IN COMMERCIAL APPLICATION PLEASE WRITE TO THE AUTHOR. WRITTEN BY: AVINASH GUPTA me@avinashgupta.com *******************************************************************************/ #include <avr/io.h> #include <inttypes.h> #include <util/delay.h> #include "lcd.h" //Custom Charset support #include "custom_char.h" #define #define #define #define #define #define #define #define LCD_DATA_PORT LCD_E_PORT LCD_RS_PORT LCD_RW_PORT LCD_DATA_DDR LCD_E_DDR LCD_RS_DDR LCD_RW_DDR PORT(LCD_DATA) PORT(LCD_E) PORT(LCD_RS) PORT(LCD_RW) DDR(LCD_DATA) DDR(LCD_E) DDR(LCD_RS) DDR(LCD_RW)

#define LCD_DATA_PIN

PIN(LCD_DATA)

#define SET_E() (LCD_E_PORT|=(1<<LCD_E_POS)) #define SET_RS() (LCD_RS_PORT|=(1<<LCD_RS_POS)) #define SET_RW() (LCD_RW_PORT|=(1<<LCD_RW_POS)) #define CLEAR_E() (LCD_E_PORT&=(~(1<<LCD_E_POS))) #define CLEAR_RS() (LCD_RS_PORT&=(~(1<<LCD_RS_POS))) #define CLEAR_RW() (LCD_RW_PORT&=(~(1<<LCD_RW_POS))) #ifdef LCD_TYPE_162 #define LCD_TYPE_204 #endif #ifdef LCD_TYPE_202 #define LCD_TYPE_204 #endif void LCDByte(uint8_t c,uint8_t isdata) { //Sends a byte to the LCD in 4bit mode //cmd=0 for data //cmd=1 for command //NOTE: THIS FUNCTION RETURS ONLY WHEN LCD HAS PROCESSED THE COMMAND uint8_t hn,ln; uint8_t temp; hn=c>>4; ln=(c & 0x0F); if(isdata==0) CLEAR_RS(); else SET_RS(); _delay_us(0.500); SET_E(); //Send high nibble temp=(LCD_DATA_PORT & (~(0X0F<<LCD_DATA_POS)))|((hn<<LCD_DATA_POS)); LCD_DATA_PORT=temp; _delay_us(1); //tEH //tAS //Nibbles

//Now data lines are stable pull E low for transmission CLEAR_E(); _delay_us(1); //Send the lower nibble SET_E(); temp=(LCD_DATA_PORT & (~(0X0F<<LCD_DATA_POS)))|((ln<<LCD_DATA_POS)); LCD_DATA_PORT=temp; _delay_us(1); //tEH

//SEND CLEAR_E(); _delay_us(1); LCDBusyLoop(); } void LCDBusyLoop() { //This function waits till lcd is BUSY uint8_t busy,status=0x00,temp; //Change Port to input type because we are reading data LCD_DATA_DDR&=(~(0x0f<<LCD_DATA_POS)); //change LCD mode SET_RW(); CLEAR_RS(); //Read mode //Read status //tEL

//Let the RW/RS lines stabilize _delay_us(0.5); do { SET_E(); //Wait tDA for data to become available _delay_us(0.5); status=(LCD_DATA_PIN>>LCD_DATA_POS); status=status<<4; _delay_us(0.5); //Pull E low CLEAR_E(); _delay_us(1); SET_E(); _delay_us(0.5); temp=(LCD_DATA_PIN>>LCD_DATA_POS); temp&=0x0F; status=status|temp; busy=status & 0b10000000; _delay_us(0.5); CLEAR_E(); _delay_us(1); //tEL }while(busy); CLEAR_RW(); //write mode //Change Port to output LCD_DATA_DDR|=(0x0F<<LCD_DATA_POS); } //tAS

//tEL

void LCDInit(uint8_t style) { /***************************************************************** This function Initializes the lcd module must be called before calling lcd related functions Arguments: style = LS_BLINK,LS_ULINE(can be "OR"ed for combination) LS_BLINK :The cursor is blinking type LS_ULINE :Cursor is "underline" type else "block" type *****************************************************************/ //After power on Wait for LCD to Initialize _delay_ms(30); //Set IO Ports LCD_DATA_DDR|=(0x0F<<LCD_DATA_POS); LCD_E_DDR|=(1<<LCD_E_POS); LCD_RS_DDR|=(1<<LCD_RS_POS); LCD_RW_DDR|=(1<<LCD_RW_POS); LCD_DATA_PORT&=(~(0x0F<<LCD_DATA_POS)); CLEAR_E(); CLEAR_RW(); CLEAR_RS(); //Set 4bit mode _delay_us(0.3); //tAS SET_E(); LCD_DATA_PORT|=((0b00000010)<<LCD_DATA_POS); //[B] To transfer 0b0010000 _delay_us(1); CLEAR_E(); _delay_us(1); //Wait for LCD to execute the Functionset Command LCDBusyLoop(); //[B] Forgot this dela //Now the LCD is in 4bit mode LCDCmd(0b00001100|style); LCDCmd(0b00101000); /* Custom Char */ LCDCmd(0b01000000); uint8_t __i; for(__i=0;__i<sizeof(__cgram);__i++) LCDData(__cgram[__i]); LCDGotoXY(0,0); } void LCDWriteString(const char *msg) { /***************************************************************** This function Writes a given string to lcd at the current cursor location. Arguments: msg: a null terminated string to print //Display On //function set 4bit,2 line 5x7

Their are 8 custom char in the LCD they can be defined using "LCD Custom Character Builder" PC Software. You can print custom character using the % symbol. For example to print custom char number 0 (which is a degree symbol), you need to write LCDWriteString("Temp is 30%0C"); ^^ |> %0 will So it will be printed like. Temp is 30C In the same way you can insert any syblom numbered 07 *****************************************************************/ while(*msg!=\0) { //Custom Char Support if(*msg==%) { msg++; int8_t cc=*msg0; if(cc>=0 && cc<=7) { LCDData(cc); } else { LCDData(%); LCDData(*msg); } } else { LCDData(*msg); } msg++; } } void LCDWriteInt(int val,unsigned int field_length) { /*************************************************************** This function writes a integer type value to LCD module Arguments: 1)int val : Value to print

2)unsigned int field_length :total length of field in which the value is must be between 15 if it is 1 the field length is no of digits in the ****************************************************************/ char str[5]={0,0,0,0,0}; int i=4,j=0; while(val) { str[i]=val%10; val=val/10;

i; } if(field_length==1) while(str[j]==0) j++; else j=5field_length; if(val<0) LCDData(); for(i=j;i<5;i++) { LCDData(48+str[i]); } } void LCDGotoXY(uint8_t x,uint8_t y) { if(x>=20) return; #ifdef LCD_TYPE_204 switch(y) { case 0: break; case 1: x|=0b01000000; break; case 2: x+=0x14; break; case 3: x+=0x54; break; } #endif #ifdef LCD_TYPE_164 switch(y) { case 0: break; case 1: x|=0b01000000; break; case 2: x+=0x10; break; case 3: x+=0x50; break; } #endif x|=0b10000000; LCDCmd(x); }