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TE,CH-E,D
SYSTEM
OMP OI\ENTS/SPECIFICATION
,"-
R-13-41..
,
2.
Il35
F{P
,*/ 1L Refrigerant:
R-134a
(D om
es
tir
WJrig erot o r
trainer
TECH-ED
DESCRIPTION:
The apparatus is a laboratory scale working model of a Refrigeration cycle
A Domestic /
frarne containing, compressor with Thermostat, air cooled condenser with fan
motoL, Capillary Expansion and evaporatorl fieezer
The pressure gauges, Energy meter and digital temperature indicator with
selector switch are mounted on the control panel.
THEORY:
Now days, the refrigerator has become an essential parl of a household
rather than a luxury. It is used for preserving food and there by reducing waste. The primary function of a refrigerator or freezer is to provide food storage
space maintained at low temperature for the preservation of food. Its essential
They are usually specified by the internal gross volume and the deep fi'eezer's
volume.
,,
.",---*.,.1
freezingpoint are required. The fi'eezers are generally provided at the top porlion of the refi'igerator space. In some refiigerators, freezers are provided at
bottom. This arrangement seems to be based on the heat transfer considerations but it rnay be noted that the time taken to cool products kept at upper porlion would be more.
Q) o m e s
tic
fufrig erat
trainer
NIT Raipur
TECH-EI)
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of
its compactness and more efficient use of electrical energy, as shown in figure. The refrigerant used is generallt,*-134A The compressor is mounted at the
bottom of the refrigerator frame. The power of compressor canvary according to size of therefiigerator, (i.e. 75W,92W,125 W, 180 Wetc.). The
condenser is put at the back about 40 to 60 mm away from the cabinet. The condenser may be either chassis type or tube and wire type. In the former, the condenser tube is mounted on a metal sheet which acts as fins. The tube and
wire type condensers are quit simple in which few tubes are held tightly under
wire frame from both sides. These wires act as cylindrical fins increasing the
(D o m e stic
TtrCII.ED
with the evaporator rate of heat transfer. The capillary tube is kept in contact and the evaporator to inlet pipe. A drier is connected between the receiver
eliminate traces of moisture
if any'
in a suitable manner to The evaporator coil is wrapped around the freezer is made from a give efficient heat transfer. Some times, the freezer charnber passage between the sheets pair of sheet joined together in such away that the space is accomplished by fi'ee act as an evaporator coil. The cooling of lower sensing element is convection (due to density gradient). The thermostatic in the freezer up provided to the evaporator coil which can control temperature the type of controlling switch to -15" c in steps or continuously depending upon
employed.
insulation in order to The refrigerator body is provided with good quality mm thick glass looseprevent heat transfer into the system. usually 60 to 100 of these fill fiber or glass rolls or thermo cole is used since the conductivity
insuiating materials are quite low'
Theprincipalpartsareshownonthediagram,andpathofthe
pressure is maintained at refrigerant flow is also shown on the diagram. The valve (high side different levels in fivo parts of the system by the expansion
allow the liquidfloat vaive). The function of the expansion valve is to rate into the low-pressure refrigerant under high pressule to pass at a controlled
through the expanston parl of the system. Some of the liquid evaporates passing pressure (low valve, but greater portion is vaporized in the evaporator ,atlow heat of vaponzation fiom temperature). The liquid refi'igerant absorbs its latent The function of the the air, water or other material, which is being cooled' of the refrigerant above compressor is to iucrease the pressure and temperature
E om e s ti c fufrig erat
r'Ir ain er
TE,CH.EI)
atmospheric, which
will
heat, which is passing through the condenser, the refrigerant gives up the
work done upon it by absorbed in the evaporator plus the heat equivalent of the which is used as the compressof. This heat is transferred to the air or water,
cooling medium in the condenser'
l l
Li
C,ompressor
-l --
1
L
_ -, EvaPorator
l--
r-
_-----_-l
I |
P"p*t4?evice
l
--
- --,-
BLOCKDIAGRAMoFVAPOURCOMPRESSIONCYCLE,
1. Process,
I-2
2. Proces
saturated vapol to the condensel plessure or superheated Vapor' s 2-3 represents reversible heat rejection at constant pressure,
de preheating and condensation'
pressule
'
(D om
es
tit Rcfig
erat o r.{rainer
TE,CI{.E,I)
as
freons) are used as working medium because of their properties, which are required as refrigeration cycles.
2. T2:
Temp.of refi'igerant
.,...
3. T3 : Temp.of refrigerant
expansion
,,
A o me s tic
fufi9
erat
or'Trainer
TE,CH-ED
OPERATII{G PROCEDURE:
1. Put ON mains (DP Switch)
2. Now switch
wiil
take
t0
minutes duration
till it reach 5
**s-9
D. Calculate the COP using given formulae.
5.
T'hen switch off the Compressor using Rotary ON/OF'F switch and
mains
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m e stic
lfrainer fuf-rig er at or
TE,CH.EI)
CALCULATIONS:
F
COPtr,
Theoretical COP
h1 -h4
-hI
: :
h3
But, h3
h4
coP.ornot
Tl_
T2-T1
Temperature of refrigerarrt" @
T1 T2
: :
A ome
TECI{-ED
COP
(actual)
Compressor inPut
a,
where,
mw
: :
Mass ofwater
....... Lg
Co*
,'-
4.18 KJ/kg dg k
-':\\
Tr:
.ia-"
ti
....
.-'
;-
w:
where,
sx3604txEmc
:3200 imp/kWh
Relative COP
COP
(r.erative)
COP COP
tu.tuun
(theor.itical)
(D ome s
tic frefrig
erat
or'lrain er
TECHJED
TABIJLAR COLUMI{
SL
P1
P2
T]
NO
Psi
psi
oc
T2
oc
T3
oc
T4
oc
T5 oc
EM
time
Duration
for
1
irnp
'
tiaincr