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A HALLIBURTON SERVICE
STUCK PIPE
Cause, Solutions & Prevention
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A HALLIBURTON SERVICE
The information contained herein is supplied without representation or warranty of any kind. Boots & Coots Inc, the author and publisher assume no liability, inferred, consequential or otherwise from the use or misuse of any material or recommendation contained herein. All rights of reproduction and adaptation of the text and illustrations herein, for all countries and languages, are reserved by Boots & Coots Inc. Author/ Illustrator, John W. Lee. Jan, 2009
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STUCK PIPE
An interruption in planned operations as excessive drag forces prevent pulling the drillstring out of the hole. The pipe is stuck in the hole.
Tight Hole
A momentary interruption in planned operations as high drag forces restrict drillstring movement above normal operating conditions. The pipe is not stuck in the hole as acceptable progress is still being made.
Stuck Pipe Hole Problems Lost Circ. DS Failure Running Csg D/Hole Equip Cementing Weather Well Control Rig Repair Well Head
0 25 50
$MM
Page 1
Mechanism - The mechanical force sticking the drillstring in the hole. Cause - The condition(s) responsible for the sticking mechanism. Pack-Off / Bridge Differential Wellbore Geometry
Settled Cuttings Differential Force Key Seat Micro Doglegs Geo-Pressured Shale Ledges Thick Filter Cake Hydro-Charged Shale Undergauge Hole Mobile Formation Reactive Shale Stiff Bottom Hole Assembly Stiff Casing Assembly Overburden Stress
Example
"Cause" Inadequate Hole Cleaning
Tectonic Stress
Unconsolidated Formation
Fractured Formation
Plastic Formation
Cement Failure
Soft Cement
Junk in Hole
Page 2
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Hole Pack-Off
Moving or Static
Hole Bridge
Impossible
Restricted
Page 3
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Contact
6000 PSI
Static Filter Cake
4"
Static
4"
1,6
00,
000
Sand
Lbs
Unrestricted
Page 4
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Assembly Stiffness Change Increase in assembly stiffness will not allow passage of the string.
Moving up or Down
PO OH
Top View
Stuck
!!
Top of BHA
Unrestricted
Page 5
RIH
STUC
K!!
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PACK-OFF
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
S
BRIDGE DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
Moving Up Circle the numbers in the row Back Reaming with the best description. Rotating Only Circle only 1 row of numbers. Moving Down Pipe Static or Slide Drilling Reaming Down or Rotary Drilling
DESCRIBE THE CHANGE IN CIRCULATING PRESSURE JUST AFTER STICKING OCCURRED.
No Change in Circulating Pressure Circulation is Possible But Restricted and Possibly Fluctuating Stalled Motor Pressure. Pressure Increases With Rotation Circulation is Impossible Add the columns of circled numbers. The column with the sum of "2" determines the sticking mechanism. Totals =
STEP 2: SELECT THE CORRECT FIRST-ACTION TO FREE THE STRING PACK-OFF / BRIDGE GEOMETRY DIFFERENTIAL
For hole angles <60O: 1. Bleed off all trapped pressure. (Top Drive) Work 80% of DP makeup torque down to the stuck depth. 2. Apply low pump pressure (+/-200 psi). Maintain circulation if possible. 3. Jar down with max jar-trip load. 4. Do not jar up!! Continue jarring down until the string is free and full circulation is established. For hole angles >60O: 1. Bleed off all trapped pressure. (Top Drive) Work 80% of DP makeup torque down to the stuck depth. 2. Jar down with max jar-trip load. 3. Do not jar up!! Work the pipe with light overpulls and max down jarring until several feet of string movement is established. 4. Slowly attempt to re-establish circulation.
. . . . . . .
Stuck while moving up: 1. Circulate at maximum rate for +/10 minutes (Kelly Drive) or while 1. (Top Drive) Work 80% of DP applying torque (Top Drive). make-up torque down to the stuck depth. 2. (Top Drive) Work 80% of DP make-up torque down to the stuck 2. Jar down with maximum jar-trip depth. load. Hold torque & set-down 3. Reduce pump spe (+/-1 bbl/min). weight until the jar trips or for +/-10 minutes. 4. Jar down with maximum jar-trip
. .
load. Hold torque & set-down weight Stuck while moving down: until the jar trips or for +/-10 min. Do not apply torque. Jar up with Maintain slow circulation and jar maximum jar-trip load. Hold the down +/- 20 times. overpull until the jar trips or for +/-5 5. If the string does not jar free, minutes. release string torque, maintain slow . If the string does not jar free: circulation and jar up +/-10 times with maximum jar-trip load. Maintain slow circulation (+/-1 bbl/min) and continue jarring until 6. If the string does not jar free, the string jars free or an alternative continue jarring procedure while decision is made. preparing a pipe releasing pill.
. . . .
Stuck while moving up: Maintain drilling torque and re-apply bit weight to re-establish rotation. Slowly backream off bottom.
Jar-Down
Bleed trapped pressure / slow down or stop the pump when jarring down.
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________________
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Last Down Wt. BHA Wt. Below Jar Jar Trip Load
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+ ________________
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Page 7
Moving Up Circle the numbers in the row Back Reaming with the best description. Rotating Only Circle only 1 row of numbers. Moving Down Pipe Static or Slide Drilling Reaming Down or Rotary Drilling
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 0 1 0 1
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S
No Change in Circulating Pressure Circulation is Possible But Restricted and Possibly Fluctuating Stalled Motor Pressure. Pressure Increases With Rotation Circulation is Impossible Add the columns of circled numbers. The column with the sum of "2" determines the sticking mechanism. Totals =
0 0 0 1
0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
Pack-Off
Bridge
Differential
Geometry
2. During a trip out of the hole, the string became stuck on the slips while setting back stand #25. The string cannot be rotated or moved. The top of the BHA is in the middle of the kick-off and the bit is in the tangent section. Circulating pressure at drilling rate has not changed. What is the sticking mechanism?
Pack-Off
Bridge
Differential
Geometry
3. Erratic torque and string bouncing have increased over the last 2 stands drilled. Increasing off-bottom torque trend. When picking up for a connection the string became stuck 3 feet from bottom. The string is totally immobilized, circulation is unrestricted. What is the sticking mechanism?
Pack-Off
Bridge
Differential
Geometry
4. While pulling the BHA through a cement kick-off plug, overpull suddenly increase to 80,000 lbs. The string can be worked 10 - 20 feet with rotation possible at mid stroke (high erratic torque). Fluctuating, restricted circulating pressure. What is the sticking mechanism?
Pack-Off
Bridge
Differential
Geometry
5. While slowly rotating and reaming to bottom after a trip, the mud motor stalled out and the string became stuck. The string cannot be moved up or down. String rotation is free and standpipe pressure increases when the string is rotated. Circulation pressure indicates a stalled motor and torque increases with pump pressure. What is the sticking mechanism?
Pack-Off
Bridge
Page 8
Differential
Geometry