Comparing properties of Alkanes and Alkenes (Membezakan sifat Alkana dan Alkena)

Similarities/ Persamaan:
Properties/ Sifat
Solubility in water/ Keterlarutan dalam air Solubility in organic solvent Keterlarutan dalam pelarut organik Conductivity/ Kekonduksiaan Boiling and melting point/ Takat lebur dan Takat didih Molecular formula/ Formula molekul Molecular mass/ Jisim Molekul No/ Tidak Yes/Tidak No/ Tidak Low/ Rendah Each member of homologous differs from the next/successive member by a unit CH2 / Setiap ahli dalam siri homologus berbeza dengan ahli berturutan dengan unit CH2 Each member of homologous differs from the next/successive member of 14 unit Setiap ahli dalam siri homologus berbeza dengan ahli berturutan sebanyak 14 unit

Alkanes & Alkenes Alkana & Alkena

Differences:
Properties/ Sifat
Reaction with oxygen, O2 gas Tindak balas dengan Oksigen Reaction with bromine, Br2 water Tindakbalas dengan air Bromin Reaction with acidified potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4 solution Tindakbalas dengan larutan Kalium permanganate(VII) KMnO4

Alkanes/ Alkana
It burned with less sooty yellow flame Terbakar dengan kurang nyalaan kuning berjelaga The reddish-brown colour of bromine water remains unchanged Warna merah keperangan bromin tidak berubah The purple colour of acidified potassium manganate(VII) solutions remained unchanged Warna ungu Kalium permanganate(VII) KMnO4 tidak berubah

Alkenes/ Alkena
It burned with a more sooty yellow flame Terbakar dengan banyak nyalaan kuning berjelaga The reddish-brown colour of bromine water decolourised Warna merah keperangan bromin dilunturkan The purple colour of acidified potassium manganate(VII) solutions was decolourised Warna ungu Kalium permanganate(VII) KMnO4 dilunturkan

ESSAY;

HOW TO DIFFERENTIATE THE ALKANE and ALKENE IN THE BOTTLES? Solutions: i. Procedure ii. Observations iii. Inference [8marks] Sample answer Aim: To investigate the liquid in bottle A and B
Dropper

Test tube

Test tube A

Test tube B

Procedure; 1. The apparatus shown above is prepared. 2. 2-5 cm3 bromine water is measured with measuring cylinder 5ml and poured into a test tube.
2

3. A few drops of liquid from bottle A is put/added with dropper into the test tube, and shake. 4. Obsevation is recorded. 5. The experiments is repeated by replace the liquid from bottle A with bottle B. Observation: Test Tube Liquid in bottle A Liquid in bottle B Easylah! Observation Inference

The reddish-brown colour of bromine water Contains alkane remains unchanged The reddish-brown colour of bromine water Contains alkene decolourised

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