PHYS-4420 THERMODYNAMICS & STATISTICAL MECHANICS

SPRING 2006

Homework Solutions
Assignment 2. Due Friday 2/03/06 : 4-9, 4-15, 5-4, 5-5, 5-11, 5-13
1

4-9. a) Tv

1
1 1

= constant, so T v

1
2 2

=T v

T v
and 2 = 1
T1 v2

T2
v1
. Then, ln = ( 1) ln
T1
v2

b) Find the value of that is needed for this process.

T
ln 2 ln 2
T
5
1 = 1 = = 1.32 , so = 2.32. The highest value of is 1.67, for a
v1
1
ln ln
2
v2
monatomic gas, so this process is impossible.
4-15. The relationship between temperature and volume is known, and the volume is
proportional to the radius cubed.
1
1 1

TV

1
2 2

=TV

T
r2 = 1
T2

1
3( 1)

V
, so 2
V1

3 10 K

r1 =
3
3 10 K
5

1
1
T
= 1 , and V2 = T1 . Then, r2 = T1
so,
r T
T2
V1 T2
1 2
1
3(1.4 1)

(15 m) = (100 )

1 / 1 .2

(15 m)

r2 = 696 m

5-4. First prepare an expression that can be used for parts a) and b). Consider h = h(T,P).
h
h
dh =
dT + dP . This can be written in simpler form because,
T P
P T
h
h

= cP , and the cyclical relation can be used on .

T P
P T
h
h T
=

= cP . Then, dh becomes, dh = cP dT cP dP
P T
T P P h
With this expression part a) can be done, but part b) involves dv. To bring that in, consider
P = P(T,v). Then,
P
P
dP =
dT + dv . Again, the partials can be replaced.
T v
v T
1 v
1
P
= , so =
. From the cyclical relation, as was shown is class
v P T
v
v T

T P

1
P

= . Then, dP = dT
dv . When this is put in the expression for

v
T v

P T
1

dv , or
dh, the result is dh = cP dT cP dT
v

c

dh = cP 1
dT + P dv

v

= c P 1

a) Then, for constant v,

T v

c
h
= P
v T v
T v h

= 1 , so
c) Again, from the cyclical relation
v h h T T v
b) For constant T,

h
cP

v
T
T =
v
=
=

=
h

v( )
v h
c P 1
v 1

T v

5-5.

5-11. |W| = |Q1| + |Q2| |Q3|,

Q1 Q2 Q3
+

=0
T1
T2
T3

and

Q2
Q3
1200 J
+

=0
400 K 200 K 300 K
Q3
Q2
|Q3| |Q2| = 1000 J
and

= 3 J/K
300 K 200 K
These two equations must be solved for |Q2| and |Q3| . Multiply the second by 300 K.
|Q3| |Q2| = 1000 J
and |Q3| 1.5 |Q2| = 900 J.
Subtract these two equations, and get 0.5 |Q2| = 100 J, so
|Q2| = 200 J
Then, |Q3| = |Q2| + 1000 J = 200 J + 1000 J
|Q3| = 1200 J
200 J = 1200 J + |Q2| |Q3|

5-13. a) c =

and

Q2
Q2
T2
=
=
W
Q2 Q1 T2 T1

b) The temperatures must be converted from F to K.

32F = 0C = 273 K, and 68F = 20C = 293 K
T2
293 K
c=
=
T2 T1 293 K 273 K

c = 14.6