Star/Delta Connections SINGLE PHASE & THREE , STAR DELTA CONNECTION 1) THREE PHASE In mostly countries , power is generated

ed as a three phase 60 hertz voltage. The term three phase means that there are three separate voltage waveforms produced by the alternator (generator that produced AC voltage) For the alternator to produce the three phase , the internal winding of the alternator called the stator are wound 120 apart , the three voltages are 120out of phase with each other. The winding of the stator are connected to form one of the two basic three phase connections. These connections are the delta and wye (star) 1) THREE PHASE (3 ) A combination of 3 single phase (1 ) system. 3 separate but equal voltages , each out of phase by 120.

Three Phase Connections Three phase delta connection All dissimilar ends of the coil are connected together VL = VP IL = 3 IP Three phase star connection All similar ends are connected together VL = 3 VP IL=IP You can either have delta / star connected supply or Delta and Star connected load 3 Phase Distribution Systems

Advantages Of 3- System Over 1- System For a given amount of poer transmitted trough a system the 3- system requires conductors with a smaller cross-sectional area. This means asiving of copper 9or aluminium) and thus the original installation costs are less. Two voltages are avalable i.e. 415V and 240V instead of 415V only. 3- system motors are very robust, relatively cheap, generally smaller, have selfstarting properties, provide a steadier output and require little maintenance compared with single-phase motors.

Relationship between star phase for 3-, 4 wires The voltage between any line conductor and neutral life is called phase voltage (Vph) The voltage between any 2 lines conductor is called line voltage (Vln) Example if Vln = 415V V 3 V
ln ph
Therefore

V V ph ln 240V 3

The current between any line conductor neutral line is called phase current (Iph) The current between any two (2) lines conductor is called line current (Iln)

I ln I ph

I ph z
EDITED BY AZUAN AHMAD FAUZI 2011803188 UITM PULAU PINANG MAC 2013

3 Phase Power Example 1 Delta Connection A balanced star connected 3 phase load of 10 per phase is supplied from a 400v 50hz mains supply at unity power factor Calculate the phase voltage, the line current and the total power consumed

IL I p

VL 3 Vp
VP VP VL 3

400 230 .9V 3

Comparison between Star and Delta

Star Connected Supply

EDITED BY AZUAN AHMAD FAUZI 2011803188 UITM PULAU PINANG MAC 2013