BUILDING UTILITIES 1: PLUMBING

SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM

GENERAL RULES IN DESIGNING THE SANITARY SYSTEM The pipes should take the shortest possible route to the house sewer or the terminating point of the sanitary system Control components such as clean-outs, traps, and vents, should be located strategically so as to ensure efficient circulation SUBSYSTEMS OF SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM 1. Waste Collection System 2. Ventilation System ESSENTIAL PARTS WASTE PIPE Conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal matter. VENT PIPE used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap seals. TRAP a fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it. STACK The vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings extending through one or more stories and extended thru the roof. BRANCH Any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack. HOUSE/ BUILDING DRAIN Part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharges from the soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer outside of the building. HOUSE/ BUILDING SEWER Extends from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and conveying the drainage of one building site. CHANGES IN DIRECTION IN SANITARY DRAINAGE LINES Horizontal to horizontal change use 45 wye branches, combination wye 1/8 bend branches, or other approved fittings of equivalent sweep Vertical to horizontal change 45 wye branches or other approved fittings of equivalent sweep Horizontal to vertical change of direction use 45 or 60 wye branches, combination wye -1/8 bend branches, sanitary tee or sanitary tapped tee branches, or other approved fittings of equivalent sweeps. No fitting having more than one inlet at the same level shall be used (i.e., sanitary cross) Double sanitary tees may be used when the barrel of the fitting is at least two pipe (2) sizes larger than the largest inlet, (pipe sizes recognized for this purpose are 51, 64, 76, 89, 102, 114, 127, & 152 mm dia.)

BUILDING UTILITIES 1: PLUMBING

UNIT OF MEASUREMENT OF SIZES OF SANITARY DRAINAGE LINES The size of waste pipes or soil pipes depend on the amount of waste it carries. A lavatory discharges 0.47 liters/sec or 28.3 liters/min (7.5 gallons per min or 1 cu ft per min), which is equivalent to the Fixture Unit (F.U.) The F.U. rating of plumbing fixtures is based on the size of required trap.

Minimum slope of sanitary drainage lines Minimum slope or pitch of horizontal drainage pipe 2% or 20mm/m ( per foot). Exception: Where it is impracticable due to depth of street sewer, adverse structural features and irregular building plans, pipes 102 mm dia or larger may have a slope of not less than 1% or 10mm/m (1/8 per foot), approved by the Administrative Authority

BUILDING UTILITIES 1: PLUMBING

TRAPS REQUIRED Each plumbing fixture, except those with integral traps, shall be separately trapped with an approved-type water seal trap. Only one trap shall be permitted on a trap arm (portion of a fixture drain between a trap and the vent) One trap, centrally located, may serve three single compartment sinks or laundry tubs or lavatories, adjacent to each other and in the same room, where their waste outlets are not more than 0.75 m apart. The trap shall be the same size as the trap arm to which it is connected. Each fixture trap shall have a trap seal of water of not less than 51 mm and not more than 102 mm (except where a deeper seal is found necessary by the Administrative Authority for special conditions.