0

Vertical Strain, v (%)

OED 8 EI.9.5

Possible Curve

(0.48) (0.19 constant) (0.2)

10

CRS 24 EI.55.1 OCR = 3.20

15

20

'vo 'p ( ) CR (0.18)

CRS 19 EI.4.0 OCR = 1.12

25
0.1 1 10 ' (KSF)
Vertical Effective Stress, v 100

Typical I-D Compression Curves for Blue Clay at SB Site

Note: See section 3.1 of part IV - 3 for description of CRS consolidation test

50

Fig. 19.7 TPM (1996)

Friction Angle, ', (degrees)

40 30 20 10 0

Soft Clays Soft and Stiff Clays Shales Clay Minerals

Mexico City Clay Altapulgite

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 400 Plasticity Index, Ip (%)

Profile
0
2
4

0 0

10 1

Indices

20 30 2 3

IP
IL

Stress History (kPa)

100 200 300
Desiccated Crust
due to freeze - thaw cycles Selected Profile From erratic `p data Quick Clay
(high IL
St = 200 + 100)
Cementation:> High 'p for such high
values of IL

Crust

Depth, z (m)

6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

Marine Clay

IL

' vo

Lacust rine Clay Till

Ip(%)

CKoU Test Locations

'p on Block Samples

> Very brittle behavior

a` la sheet AS

p `

0.5
AT z = 6.3m Ip = 16%, IL = 1.3

4 B-6

0.4

' = 145 - 150 kPa 'vo = 60 kPa, p

Destructured

q/`p

8 Vertical Strain, v(%)

0.3 ` ` vc < p

Intact

12

0.2

16

vo `

p ` Probable
Min. Max

Laboratory ` vc ` In Situ p 0.34 0.80 1.33

0.1

20

Min. Radius

24

Casagrande Construction

(a) Normalized Stress-strain Data From CkoUC Tests

0.5

3 4 5 Axial Strain, a(%)

26 10

' = 35
TC esp at in situ OCR Large Strain TC at in situ OCR
Destructured Yield Envelope

20

40

200 400 (kPa) Log Scale ` vc

100

1000

0.4 0.3 q/ 'p 0.2 0.1 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3

`vc / ` p

intact yield envelope

Kc = 0.55

(a) Semi log scale

0 4 Vertical Strain, v(%) 8 12 16 20 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

p `

Symbol

Sample James Bay B-6 Marine: Block AGS CH Marine: Tube

IP(%) IL
9 42 2.8 0.6

` vo
95 85

'p

B-6

Note: Most likely mechanism causing ` > ` p vo James Bay: Cementation AGS CH: Mechanical and/or desiccation

0.4

0.5 p`/ 'p

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

AT IN SITU OCR :

Triaxial Compression (TC) Triaxial Extension (TE)

` : Peak q (TC)/ ` LAB ` vc IN SITU p p r NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED : TC and TE (Destructured)

(a) Normalized Effective Stress Paths and Yield Envelopes

Consolidation Stress, 'vc (kpa) B - 6 Undrained shear - very brittle behavior, i.e. small f followed by high rate of strain softening

(b) Natural scale

B - 6 1-D compression - sharp break in v vs log
'vs & S-shaped virgin compression
Adapted from Jamiolkowski, Ladd, Germaine & Lancellota (1985) 11th ICSMFE, San Francisco