Environmentally Speaking. peaking.

Environmental speak can be complex and confusing. If youre unsure of some of the trendy terms and phrases that are being used by companies and what they really meanyoure not alone! Paper-Pak is a company deeply and passionately committed to protecting our planet, but we dont want to baffle you with jargon that doesnt make sense. The purpose of this document is to provide an overview of Paper-Paks environmental standingthe things we do that really make a differencein simple, easy to understand language; and to dispel some of the common misconceptions about paper.

A SNAPSHOT OF WHAT WE DO THAT AFFECTS YOU!

There are several features of Paper-Pak products and the processes in which we manufacture our products that consistently demonstrate our commitment to protecting our environment. These include: o Australian Made Products: Most of our product range is made in Australia in our family owned plant located in South Australia. Australia has some of the most stringent environmental codes of practice in the world meaning environmental consciousness is enforceable by law; unlike in some developing countries where waste, pollution and sub-standard manufacturing processes are rampant. Furthermore, products manufactured in Australia have a lower carbon footprint compared to imported products which are transported by ships powered by the burning of fossil fuels. The burning of fossil fuels contributes to global warming and climate change which has a negative impact on our environment. Australian Made Paper: The majority of Paper-Paks product range is made from paper produced locally by the Australian Paper mill located at Maryvale Victoria. Australian Paper manufactures under ISO14001 standards for environmental certification. Papers are made predominantly from a combination of pine and eucalyptus pulp grown locally at the Maryvale site and are nurtured to become sustainable managed forests and plantations. No old growth forests are used to manufacture this paper. Using Australian made paper to make Australian made products results in a lower carbon footprint than importing and thats an investment were proud to make on behalf of all Australians. Recyclable: The majority of our product range is 100% recyclable through conventional kerbside recycling systems. In Australia, recycling facilities can typically only handle single streams of material for recycling therefore products which combine two material types are unable to be separated and recycled after entering the recycling stream using current processes (for example, our glossy carry bags which combine both paper and a poly coating). Rope handles should also be removed before recycling. Re-useable: Our products have been designed to be used multiple times for the same purpose for which they were conceived. As such, packaging which is re-usable may have a lesser environmental impact (depending on its material, how manufactured etc) than continually using new packaging. Re-fillable: Our carry bags, flat bags, gift bags and accessory bags can be filled with the same or similar product more than once in its original form without additional processing. Water Based Inks and Water Soluble Adhesives: The majority of Paper-Pak products are printed with water based inks and formed using water soluble adhesives. Water based inks are more environmentally friendly than solvent based inks using less renewable resources and having low levels of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) which can be hazardous to health and welfare. Furthermore, water soluble and starch based adhesives are used wherever possible as part of Paper-Paks ongoing commitment to reducing the use of harmful chemicals. Product Packaging: Products manufactured in our Australian plants are packaged in cartons made from 95% recycled board. Quality Accreditations: We offer a high level of quality assurance. Our manufacturing plants located in Australia, China, Indonesia and Singapore are ISO9001 and/or HACCP certified meaning we have direct control over quality from product inception to dispatch. Furthermore we own these production plants giving us complete quality control. Renewable: Paper is a commodity that is inexhaustible or replaceable by new growth. Even where 100% virgin material is used, it is sourced from managed plantations. Such plantations have programs in place to ensure that each harvested tree is replaced with new growth, thus ensuring a neutral effect in terms of deforestation. Furthermore, the industry plants more tress than it harvests.

Environmentally Speaking. peaking.

o Sustainable: Paper is sustainable in that it is a resource that meets present needs without compromising or depleting future resources. Sustainable Organisational Behaviour: The Detmold Group of which Paper-Pak is a member - promotes organisational behaviour which is environmentally sustainable. This includes: Minimal usage and re-use of manufacturing start up materials. Minimisation of waste materials. Recycling of paper waste materials where feasible and the appropriate disposal of any non-recyclable materials using EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) approved practices. Minimal use of outer packaging materials. Re-use and recycling of paper in office environments and minimised use of power. Manufactured using Ethical Processes: Customers can be assured that in buying or using Paper-Pak products their ethics and values are not being compromised. The Detmold Groups manufacturing operations: Comply with OH&S and age requirements. Pay at or above award wages in all countries. Have meals available in all overseas manufacturing sites. Have passed social responsibility requirements of major customers and invest in the local communities where our plants are situated. Signatory to the National Packaging Covenant of Australia: Paper-Pak is a signatory to the National Packaging Covenant of Australia meaning we employ policies that contribute to the effective environmental management of packaging throughout its lifecycle. Paper-Pak was one of the first signatories to the NPC in 2002 and is actively and passionately committed to its obligations under the code. The NPC promotes the principles of reduce, reuse, recycle and educate. Furthermore, The Detmold Group adheres to the Federal Environmental Code of Practice and has implemented a comprehensive environmental action plan based on four main principles: Reduce: Through consultation with major suppliers and customers the Detmold Group participates in material rationalisation wherever possible to ensure the most responsible mix of raw materials is employed. Re-use: The Detmold Group reuse materials within each stage of its manufacturing operations in order to maximise recovery and minimise wastage which would ordinarily contribute to landfill waste. Recycle: Through product design, customer consultation and marketing activities, the Detmold Group strongly supports and promotes the use of recyclable materials in each of its product lines. Educate: The Detmold Group has a comprehensive environmental awareness program to educate staff, suppliers, and customers about the importance of environmentally responsible manufacturing practices and subsequent products. o

Carbon Footprint Analysis: Paper-Pak recently appointed Carbon Planet Australia as its strategic advisory partner on climate change issues. Carbon Planet provides expert advice and training on the impact, obligations and opportunities resulting from the emergence of the Carbon Economy. Carbon Planet recently conducted an exhaustive company carbon analysis to assess our greenhouse gas emissions - otherwise known as our carbon footprint. Whilst officially classified as a low emitter of greenhouse gas emissions, we are passionately committed to carbon minimisation and have implemented a comprehensive action plan to measure and reduce our emissions in the near future. An internal carbon accounting project has commenced for our overseas operations and once complete will be independently audited by Carbon Planet. Supplier Environmental Performance: Paper-Pak consciously aligns ourselves with suppliers who demonstrate the same stringent environmental and ethical standards that we do. Furthermore, we regularly audit our suppliers environmental performance to ensure they comply with the highest of standards at all times.

Sustainability Explained.
A DEFINITION.

A resource or system that meets present needs without compromising or depleting future resources.
In short.it means that companies like ours need to consider our environmental and social performance along with traditional economic measures like profit. The Social aspect refers to employees, stakeholders and the communities and regions in which a corporation operates. Being a family owned and operated business, Paper-Pak recognises the importance of its people and the organisation goes to great lengths to ensure that all employees have a safe and fair work environment. The Detmold Group (of which Paper-Pak is a member) is also active in a number of charities which benefit the wider community. The Environmental aspect is very topical across the globe, with much of this discussion focusing on greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. There is lots of scientific debate and political discussion, but at the heart of it all we recognise that globally the human race cannot continue to burn fossil fuels and reduce native forests at the rate which has occurred in the past 150 years. Paper-Pak is improving its environmental performance in a number of ways. We continue to comply with all relevant legal requirements and we are working with a number of external groups, such as the National Packaging Covenant in Australia, to continually reduce our waste and energy requirements, as well as introducing strict responsible sourcing practices to formally manage the ethical sourcing policies that we have followed for many years. We have many environmental projects underway including trials of new renewable materials, partnering with specialists such as Carbon Planet to reduce our environmental footprint, auditing and certification of suppliers and materials, energy reduction programs and programs to increase recycling both in our plants and for our packaging products in the community. There is a shift in business attitudes around the world which is already very clear in the UK, Europe and parts of the US where carbon trading and triple bottom line reporting (environment, social, economic) are forcing companies to change their focus. For companies like ours to be successful in the future they will have to lead their industries in the way they treat people and the planet as well as managing sales and costs. Paper-Pak and the Detmold Group are already very active in this area and will continue to be so in the future.

THE GROUPS ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IS:

o The Detmold Group will actively support all of its customers with their programs to use environmentally friendly packaging. This will be done by developing new processes and introducing the use of new materials in the manufacture and distribution of the package. The Detmold Group will control its own manufacturing sites to ensure that it has minimal impact on the community and its environment. This will be done by continuing to reduce the consumption of harmful substances and by reducing the production of process waste.

Furthermore, the Detmold Group is active in a number of charities as part of its social responsibility activities. In 2008 these included Sichuan Earthquake China, Red Cross, Ronald McDonald House, Jane McGrath Foundation, Womens & Childrens Hospital, Asthma Foundation, Flinders Medical Centre, Mission Australia, The Cancer Council, Breast Cancer Foundation, Migrant Support Foundation, Charity Connections, Uniting Care Wesley, Salvation Army, Blind Sporting Council and Royal Flying Doctors.

PaperPaper-Pak & the Environment.

WHERE DO OUR RAW MATERIALS COME FROM?
Our paper products aim to cover the majority of customer requests and are made from various fibres that will provide a combination of: o Strength o Functionality o A Good Printing Surface o A Competitive Price Australian Made Brown Kraft Products Brown kraft printing grades are predominantly sourced from Australian Paper who manufacture under ISO14001 standards for Environmental Certification at the Australian Paper mill located in Maryvale, Victoria. Papers are made from a combination of imported and locally produced pulp (approximately 70% pine and 30% eucalyptus); sourced from sustainable managed forests and plantations. No old growth forests are used to manufacture this paper. To ensure that materials used in the manufacture of Paper-Pak products are environmentally friendly, the use of water-based inks and glues further adds to the ability of a product to biodegrade. Some companies use chemicals and non-biodegradable inks and glue in the manufacture of their paper bags. This means that although the paper will biodegrade, the chemicals used in the inks and glues will be released into the environment. The use of environmentally friendly inks and glues ensures that the whole product is safer for the environment. It should be noted that some styles of rope handles such as polyestyer rope do not biodegrade and should be removed before recycling. Australian Made Bleach Kraft Products Naturally all paper and paper products are brown as they originate from the processed wood pulp from trees. However, some customers demand a whiteness to the paper that can only result from bleaching. In the past, most bleaching was done using Chlorine which - when released into the environment - had the potential to damage waterways and ecosystems. Recently, supplementary bleaching chemicals have become common including Oxygen, Hydrogen Peroxide and Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF). Australian Paper uses these supplementary chemicals when bleaching Paper-Pak paper. Using these chemicals when bleaching paper ensures that no further damage is done to the environment. Asian Made Products Products sourced from our plants located in Asia use a combination of Australian made and imported papers manufactured under various global environmental standards and sourced from sustainably managed forests. For more information regarding the origin of our imported papers please contact our Head Office.

DOES PAPER-PAK PRODUCT BIODEGRADE?

Paper is made from a natural product, such as wood pulp, thus biodegradation occurs naturally whereby micro organisms break the paper down to its basic molecular form. Furthermore, Paper-Paks printing process typically involves the use of water-based inks - a dye type proven to be environmentally safe due to its ability to degrade quickly over time with minimal impact on the environment. Just as a log will rot if left to the effects of nature, paper made from woody material will likewise degrade. This is also true of paper made with cloth fibres that are of natural origin such as cotton, silk and linen these will all biodegrade. The use of water-based inks and glues also means the entire product can biodegrade back into the soil.

PaperPaper-Pak & the Environment.

WHY ARENT PAPER-PAK PRODUCT MADE FROM 100% RECYCLED PAPER?
There are many reasons why Paper-Pak products are not made from 100% recycled paper however the most significant reason is to ensure our products meet with the expectations of our customers regarding strength, durability, consistency in material colour and the print result that is achievable on recycled paper. o When 100% recycled paper is used to make paper products, it has significantly less strength of virgin paper. This means that if bags made from 100% recycled paper are to be durable and fit for purpose, the GSM (weight) of the recycled paper must be increased to match the strength of virgin paper. Paper that has been recycled is also more porous, so more ink is needed to produce a print similar to that on virgin paper. Clarity of print can also be an issue as the more porous the paper the less detail can be achieved in the finished print. This poses issues for designs with multiple colours or photographic images where fine line work and detail is imperative. Furthermore, 100% recycled paper is not readily available so consistency of supply is an issue. A recent increase in demand for this material across many applications will hopefully result in greater availability of recycled paper in the near future.

Paper-Pak products are however 100% recyclable through conventional kerbside recycling facilities. For rope handle carry bags, remember to remove the handles before recycling. Furthermore, recycled paper is quite a loose term. There is no definitive requirement for a certain percentage of recycled fibre to be present before a paper can be classified as recycled, although there are numerous guidelines and recommendations. There are as many strong arguments for recycling (as opposed to using recycled paper) such as extending the life of the fibre, maximizing the use of valuable resources and saving energy and carbon emissions.

Why Recycle? Recycle?

Using recycled paper does not save trees. Most fibre for paper comes from managed forests in which tress are a crop, planted for the purpose of providing timber. Sustainable forest management looks beyond financial considerations and embraces environmental concerns protecting ecosystems and biodiversity and also social concerns, both for workers and local people. Forest certification and chain of custody schemes ensures that the fibre can be traced back through the production chain from printed product to the forest it came from and authenticated as sustainable. The strongest reasons for recycling paper are that it is a more efficient use of our resources and it reduces waste. Recycling helps us get the best possible use from the wood fibre and in doing so reduces pressure on forests and other resources. It leads to less use of landfill, reduces greenhouse gas emissions and avoids wastefulness.

Forestry Certification Schemes

Forestry Certification Schemes exist to ensure paper and wood products are sourced from sustainably managed forests. There are two globally recognised Forestry Certification Schemes being: 1. The Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC) 2. The Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) Both provide independent, third party accreditation to ensure that paper and wood products are sourced from sustainably managed forests. Both the FSC and PEFC offer Chain of Custody (CoC) certification, which links products form converters and manufacturers (such as Detmold) back to the source of the wood pulp used to make the paper. Each country has its own forestry certification program however the FSC and PEFC have emerged as the key global schemes for PaperPaks business as they allow us to tie each certified product back to a material that has been independently verified as being sustainable.

FORESTRY STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL (FSC)

FSC is an independent, non-governmental, not for profit organisation established to promote the responsible management of the worlds forests. Products carrying the FSC label are independently certified to assure consumers that they come from forests that are managed to meet the social, economic and ecological needs of present and future generations. o FSC prohibits conversion of natural forests or other habitat around the world. o FSC prohibits the use of highly hazardous pesticides around the world. o FSC prohibits the cultivation of genetically modified trees (GMOs). o FSC respects the right of indigenous peoples around the world. o FSC audits each certified operation at least once a year and if they are found not to comply the certificate is withdrawn.

PROGRAM FOR THE ENDORSMENT OF FOREST CERTIFICATION (PEFC)

PEFC is the world's largest forest certification organisation. PEFC promotes sustainable forest management - environmentally, socially beneficial and economically viable management of forests for present and future generations - through independent third party forest certification. The PEFC Council is an independent, non-profit, non-governmental organisation founded in 1999 which promotes sustainable managed forests through independent third party certification. The PEFC provides an assurance mechanism to purchasers of wood and paper products that they are promoting the sustainable management of forests.

AUSTRALIAN PAPER
Australian Paper (a major supplier of paper to the Detmold Group and Paper-Pak) has FSC CoC certification for all of the brown kraft packaging grades supplied to Paper-Pak; and PEFC CoC for the bleached grades. Australian Papers mills have reduced their consumption of fossil fuels by more than 60% per tonne of paper produced over the past 25 years. Over 65% of energy used at Australian Paper's operations is from renewable sources. 64.3% of Maryvale Mill's power supplies are produced on-site from waste materials including wood waste and other bio-material.

Carbon Footprint Explained Explained.

WHAT IS A CARBON FOOTPRINT?
Many of our actions generate carbon emissions which contribute to accelerating global warming and climate change. This is called your carbon footprint - an indication of the effect you have on the climate in terms of the total amount of greenhouse gases you producemeasured in units of carbon dioxide. Carbon footprints can be measured for individuals, families, organisations and countries and are made up from almost every activity in our daily lives. Common causes are electricity, car and air travel. The indirect measurements or embodied carbon emissions come from the growing, manufacturing and transport of all objects in our lives such as food, clothing, furniture, appliances and books etc. Some activities have none - ie having dinner with friends and reading a book (however the book has embodied carbon emissions in its manufacture). In the future, items we purchase will have their carbon footprint detailed on the label. Some products have more environmental impact than others. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas which, when released into the atmosphere, acts like a thickening blanket, trapping the sun's heat. Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing the planet to warm up. To help prevent global warming, we all need to reduce our emissions and look at ways we can mitigate the emissions left over that we are responsible for. Trees are a natural green machine which absorb carbon from the atmosphere and release it as oxygen. To this end, trees are an effective way of absorbing the carbon you release into the atmosphere. The first step to taking effective action is to reduce your carbon footprint by making lifestyle choices that have a neutral effect on your carbon emissions. Offsetting your carbon footprint means planting trees that will absorb the amount of carbon you offset from the atmosphere.

Our Carbon Footprint. Footprint.

Carbon Planet Australia recently conducted a comprehensive audit of Paper-Pak and the Detmold Group to assess our greenhouse gas emissions - otherwise know as our carbon footprint. This involved measuring emissions for which we have direct control such as the activities we undertake on a daily basis; and by assessing the emissions resulting from purchased electricity, heat and steam. The results indicate that Paper-Pak and the Detmold Group are low emitters thus are not required to participate in the Australian governments Carbon Trading Scheme. However, Paper-Pak is committed to carbon minimisation by setting reduction targets, by implementing carbon management systems throughout the workplace and by regularly reviewing and reporting on our progress via transparent processes which filter through to all levels of the organisation. Specific o o o o o o o o o steps being taken which have an immediate impact on reducing our greenhouse gas emissions include: Ensuring all lighting is switched off when not in use or when offices are unattended. De-frosting fridges and freezers on a regular basis. Ensuring thermostat settings are appropriately adjusted at the change of seasons. Ensuring air-conditioning and heating systems are timer-controlled to prevent operation when offices are unoccupied. Using a zoning system to ensure only work areas are heated or cooled. Installing energy-efficient light globes. Ensuring photocopies are switched off at the power overnight. Working with Carbon Neutral to plant native trees to help rehabilitate degraded land and offset carbon emissions. Actively encouraging staff participation and engagement in these initiatives and others.

Plastic Carry Bags.

Plastic is a name that applies to a range of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products, usually made from petroleum. They are designed with immense variation in properties such as heat tolerance, hardness and resilience. Burning some plastics can release toxic fumes. Furthermore, the manufacturing of plastics often creates very large quantities of chemical pollutants and manufacturing plastic requires use of the earths limited supply of fossil fuels. What is the difference between degradable, biodegradable and compostable plastics? o o o Degradable: broadly describes plastics which are designed to undergo a significant change in size or chemical structure under certain conditions and over specified periods of time. Biodegradable: generally describes plastics which break down and change their physical composition into (for example) water, carbon dioxide and mineral salts by aerobic or anaerobic based processes. Compostable: specifically describes a biodegradable process where material breaks down in a defined environment, under known and controlled conditions and to a minimum particle size with no toxic impacts on the surrounding environment. There are different Standards for commercial and home compost.

Note: All compostable plastics are biodegradable, however, not all biodegradable plastics are compostable (see diagram below):

SIMPLY SPEAKING

Degradable:

Biodegradable:

Compostable:

Australian Standard

Able to be broken down into smaller pieces.

Able to be broken down into natural elements such as water and carbon dioxide in no given time frame using triggers such as heat, UV light and micro-organisms.

Able to be broken down into natural elements within 90 days in commercial composting conditions.

For a product to be certified as compostable, it must meet with the requirements of AS 4736 for Commercial Compost by passing specified tests.

CLASSIFICATIN STANDARDS
Whilst an Australian Standard has been set for compostable plastic (AS 4736), there are no definitive laws and regulations governing the labelling of biodegradable bags. Until such standards have been set, false claims and inconsistencies can result in misleading statements and customer dissatisfaction.

Relatively Speaking
The relative capacity of a paper carry bag to a comparable sized plastic bag:

Plastic Bag: Paper Bag:

.37 x .30 x .10 = 0.0111 m3 .42 x .32 x .11 = 0.014784 m3

The above calculation demonstrates that our paper carry bag is 33% larger in capacity to the comparable sized plastic carry bag.

SA Plastic Bag Ban

On Friday November 14 2008, the South Australian Government passed new legislation banning the use of lightweight plastic carry bags from May 4th 2009. This ground-breaking legislation is the first of its kind in Australia. Which bags are banned? Thin plastic bags with handles used to carry retail goods and usually supplied at supermarket check-outs and take-away food outlets; made of light weight polyethylene less than 35 microns thick. Degradable bags (made of polyethylene) which are not compostable and do not meet the Australian Standard AS 4736-2006. Which bags are not banned? o Paper bags o Barrier bags also called bags on a roll such as those used at vegetable and fruit stalls o Heavier plastic bags used by boutiques and department stores must be heavier than 35 microns o Compostable bags that meet Australian Standard AS 4736-2006 o Bags designed for multiple use such as Green non-woven bags o Bin liners for purchase What about degradable bags? A range of bags claim to be degradable in different conditions. Some degradable bags are made partly or wholly of polyethylene. Only compostable biodegradable bags that meet Australian Standard AS 4736-2006 are excluded from the ban. These bags are usually made of some form of starch or other compostable material. What about dirty, unhygienic bags? A staff member providing the goods is allowed to refuse any bag which is dirty or considered unhygienic. In this situation, they may refuse to pack goods into the bag and the customer will need to use an alternate bag provided by the outlet. Can retailers charge for alternate bags? Yes.

What Our Customers Say.

HERES WHAT SOME OF OUR CUSTOMERS HAVE TO SAY ABOUT USING PAPER PACKAGING:
The Body Shop: Are We Ready for the phase-out of plastic bags? Were glad to say that we are. Here at The Body Shop weve always campaigned for the protection of animals. In addition to our No Animal Testing policy, we work to protect wildlife by being Plastic Bag Free in all of our stores. Giving paper bags to our customers helps us to protect animal habitat from the risk of plastic bag litter and we further work to assist the environment by buying Australian made paper bags. We would strongly encourage other retailers to take steps that eradicate the usage of plastic bags. Mitre 10: At Mitre 10, we are currently phasing out plastic bags. In their place, we are offering a mix of reusable bags and Australian-made paper bags. In this way, our customers can choose which alternatives suit the purchases that they have made. Getting ready for the phase-out of plastic bags means that we help our shoppers to reduce the plastic bag litter that can affect Australian wildlife and livestock. Buying locally made paper bags is important to Mitre 10 as the local paper bag industry have made great steps environmentally and this is something that we wish to support. Telstra: As a proud Australian company, it is important for us to support and work with other businesses who are protecting the Australian environment. By using locally made paper bags, were helping the environment and reducing imports from overseas. From a Corporate Social Responsibility perspective, buying locally made bags also means that Telstra is supporting the economy and Australians who work in the local paper industry.

Environmentally Speaking. peaking.

A GLOSSARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TERMS Acid Free Paper that has had the acid removed from the pulp so that it has a natural pH level. This paper has the unique benefit of preventing damage to delicate items and reducing the amount of decay of sensitive materials such as silk. Biodegradable A product that has the ability to break down, safely and quickly, by biological means, into raw materials of nature and disappear into the environment Carbon Footprint Chain of Custody An indication of the effect you have on the climate in terms of the total amount of greenhouse gases you producemeasured in units of carbon dioxide. Chain of Custody links products from converters and manufacturers (such as Detmold) back to the source of the wood pulp used to make the paper to ensure the paper can be authenticated as sustainable.

Compostable

A characteristic of a product, packaging or associated component that allows it to biodegrade, generating a relatively homogeneous and stable humus-like substance. A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by the activity of living organisms.

Degradable

Environmental A systematic approach to address environmental issues within a business. An EMS covers all facets of the operations Management and all employees. It allocates resources and assigns responsibilities and provides for the continual evaluation of System practices, procedures and processes. EPI EPI (Environmental Product Incorporated a US company name) is a brand of totally degradable additive for plastic bags. When added, EPI is around 3% of the material composition. Plastic bags with this additive start to break down in approx 18 months dependant on the environment in which they are stored. Factors such as heat and moisture accelerate the decomposition of this product. Other degradable additives are readily available on the market also.

Extended Line A product designed to provide prolonged use based on either improved durability or an up-gradable feature that Product results in reduced resource use and waste. FSC Forestry Stewardship Council. An independent, non-governmental, not for profit organisation established to promote the responsible management of the worlds forests. Products carrying the FSC label are independently certified to assure consumers that they come from forests that are managed to meet the social, economic and ecological needs of present and future generations. The International Standardisation Organisation (ISO) developed ISO 14001 as a global environmental management system that can be used by an organisation to achieve environmental performance goals. The ISO 14001 environmental management system incorporates a "Plan, Do, Check, Act" model based on an environmental policy that guides planning, implementation and operation, checking and corrective action, and management review processes. Landfill is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form of waste treatment. Historically, landfills have been the most common methods of organized waste disposal and remain so in many places around the world.

ISO 14001

Landfill

Mobious Loop The recycling symbol or mobious loop consists of three twisted chasing arrows in a triangle. The loop is not owned by anyone, however there are strict guidelines as to its use. Old Growth Forests PEFC A forest that is ecologically mature and has been subjected to negligible disturbance such as logging, road building and clearing. Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certification. PEFC is the world's largest forest certification organisation. The PEFC Council is an independent, non-profit, non-governmental organisation founded in 1999 which promotes sustainable managed forests through independent third party certification.

Environmentally Speaking. peaking.

A GLOSSARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TERMS Plantation Forests Plantation forests are created for commercial benefit and over a relatively short period. Plantation trees are selected for their wood properties (either hardwood or softwood), planted specifically for timber and/or fibre production and encouraged to grow as quickly as possible. Pre Consumer Is paper that has been discarded by a printer or manufacturer before it gets to the consumer. Waste Post Consumer Waste produced by the end consumer of a material stream; that is, where the waste-producing use did not involve Waste the production of another waste. Potato Starch A complex carbohydrate found in potatoes. Used to make adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles. A characteristic of a product or packaging that can be diverted from the waste stream through available processes and can be collected, processed and returned to use in the form of raw materials. Made from waste; manufactured from used waste or waste materials that have been reprocessed. Proportion, by mass, of recycled material in a product or packaging. Only pre consumer and post consumer materials shall be considered as recycled content. A product that can be filled with the same or similar product more than once, in its original form, without additional processing except for specified requirements such as cleaning or washing. A commodity or resource such as solar energy or firewood, that is inexhaustible or replaceable by new growth. A characteristic of a product or packaging that has been conceived and designed to accomplish within its life cycle a certain number of trips, rotations, or uses for the same purpose for which it was conceived. A resource or system that meets present needs without compromising or depleting future resources. The integration of commercial and non-commercial values of forests so that both the material and nonmaterial welfare of society is improved while ensuring that the values of forests, both as a commercial resource and for conservation purposes are not lost or degraded for current and future generations. Tree free paper is typically made from alternative pulp sources include grasses, hemp, bagasse/sugar cane or agricultural residue instead of wood chips.

Recyclable

Recycled Recycled Content Refillable

Renewable Reusable

Sustainable Sustainable Forest Management Tree-Free Paper

Vegetable Inks Vegetable based ink is made with vegetable oil, such as soybean or linseed oil and is used as a substitute for petroleum. These inks significantly reduce the amount of ozone depleting Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC's) released into the air during printing. There are a number of advantages of using soya inks including: lower solvent emissions than petroleum oil, less toxic waste, soya is a renewable resource, is biodegradable and enhances printability characteristics. Virgin Pulp Pulp that has not been recycled or used in the manufacturing process before. Wood-free is commonly used jargon in the paper industry for papers made from chemical pulp (as opposed to mechanical pulp). Chemical pulping uses chemicals to break down and remove the lignin that holds the plant fibres together, preserving the fibre length and strength, but producing a lower yield from the wood. Mechanical pulping basically grinds the wood to pulp. This pulp retains the lignin. Lignin is the substance in plant tissues that holds the fibers together, but over time it also makes paper yellow and it becomes brittle.

Wood Free