Verification of Ohms Law

Prepared by:

Rakib Ahsan
Roll: 13

Ohms Law states that the current passing through a conductor (wire or resistor) is directly proportional the voltage across it. According to Ohms Law: V=IR Here, V represents voltage, I represents current and R represents resistance. Therefore, by plotting a graph of I against V, a straight line passing through the origin must be obtained corresponding the equation of straight line, y=mx+c, as I= (1/R)*V, where c=0, so the line will pass through the origin. Apparatus required for the experiment: 1. Resistors of known resistance (1k, 5 k and 10 k)
2. Digital Multi-meter 3. Trainer board

Procedure: -We pin a resistor and connect the supply voltage (D.C) to the bread-board, to prepare a complete circuit. -The practical resistance (R) is measured by connecting the ohm-meter to the ends of the resistor. -The theoretical voltage (V1) is obtained by connecting the multi-meter parallel to the supply. -The practical voltage (V2) is measured by connecting the multi-meter parallel to the resistor. -The theoretical current (I1) is calculated using the formula, I1= V1/R -The theoretical current (I2) is measured by connecting the multi-meter (mili-ammeter mode) in series. -%error is calculated as follows: 100* (I1- I2)/ I1 -These steps are repeated five times, increasing the voltage every time. -The average %error is calculated by taking the average of the five %errors obtained earlier. -We repeat these steps with the other resistors in our experiment.

Resistor

Practical resistance

1 K

0.966K

5 K

4.95K

10 K

9.96 K

Theoretical Voltage, V1 1.500 2.002 2.500 3.000 3.514 1.500 2.062 2.508 3.059 3.501 1.524 2.002 2.534 3.053 3.508

Practical Voltage, V2 1.499 2.001 2.499 2.998 3.513 1.499 2.062 2.507 3.048 3.500 1.524 2.001 2.533 3.052 3.507

Theoretical Current, I1/mA 1.550 2.070 2.580 3.100 3.600 0.303 0.420 0.510 0.620 0.710 0.152 0.200 0.250 0.302 0.350

Practical Current, I2 / mA 1.48 1.98 2.48 2.97 3.49 0.29 0.40 0.49 0.59 0.68 0.148 0.19 0.24 0.298 0.34

% error 4.52 4.35 3.88 4.19 3.06 4.29 4.76 3.92 4.84 4.23 1.31 5.00 4.00 2.60 2.86

Average % error

3.9

3.4

Graph:

Remarks:
-Practical value differs from theoretical value, due to inaccuracy in measurements and instrumental defects. -The graph is nearly a straight line passing through the origin, as expected, thus verifying Ohms Law. -The resistance of a resistor can be figured out using the color bands on the resistor. Submitted By: 1. Md. Rakib Ahsan 2. Md. Mahfuj Howlader