Safety Clearance Recommendations for Transformer

http://electrical- engineering- portal.com/safety- clearance- recommendations- for- transformer February 8, 2013

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Saf ety Clearance Recommendations f or T ransf ormer (on photo 10/0.4 kV transf ormer substation by FIMA)

Clearance Tables
1. Clearance from Outdoor Liquid Insulated Transformers to Buildings (NEC) 2. Clearance between Two Outdoor Liquid Insulated Transformers (NEC) 3. Dry Type Transformer in Indoor Installation (NES 420.21) 4. Dry Type Transformer in Outdoor Installation (NES 420.22) 5. Non Flammable Liquid-Insulated Transformer in Indoor Installation (NES 420.21) 6. Oil Insulated Transformer in Indoor Installation (NES 420.25) 7. Transformer Clearance from Building (IEEE Stand.) 8. Transformer Clearance Specifications (Stand. Georgia Power Company) 9. Clearance of Transformer-Cable-Overhead Line (Stand. Georgia Power Company)

Clearance f rom Outdoor Liquid Insulated Transf ormers to Buildings (NEC)

Liquid Liquid Fire NonCombust ible Vert ical

Volume (m3) Less Flammable NA

Resist ant Wall 0.9 Meter 1.5 Meter

Combust ible Wall 0.9 Meter 1.5 Meter 4.6 Meter 4.6 Meter 7.6 Meter 15.2 Meter

Wall 0.9 Meter 7.6 Meter 15.2 Meter 7.6 Meter 15.2 Meter 30.5 Meter

Dist ance 0.9 Meter 7.6 Meter 15.2 Meter 7.6 Meter 15.2 Meter 30.5 Meter

>38 m3 Mineral Oil 1.9 m3 to 19 m3 > 19 m3

4.6 Meter 1.5 Meter 4.6 Meter 7.6 Meter

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Clearance between Two Outdoor Liquid Insulated Transf ormers (NEC)

Liquid Less Flammable Liquid Volume (m3) NA Dist ance 0.9 Meter 1.5 Meter >38 m3 Mineral Oil 1.9 m3 to 19 m3 > 19 m3 7.6 Meter 1.5 Meter 7.6 Meter 15.2 Meter

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Dry Type Transf ormer in Indoor Installation (NES 420.21)

Volt age Up to 112.5 KVA Dist ance (min) 300 mm (12 in.) from combustible material unless separated from the combustible material by a heat-insulated barrier. Installed in a transformer room of fireresistant construction. separated from a fire-resistant barrier not less than 1.83 m (6 ft) horizontally and 3.7 m (12 ft) vertically

Above 112.5 KVA Above 112.5 KVA with Class 155 Insulation

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Dry Type Transf ormer in Outdoor Installation (NES 420.22)

Volt age Above 112.5 KVA with Class 155 Insulation Dist ance (min) separated from a fire-resistant barrier not less than 1.83 m (6 ft) horizontally and 3.7 m (12 ft) vertically

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Non Flammable Liquid-Insulated Transf ormer in Indoor Installation (NES 420.21)

Volt age Over 35KV Dist ance (min) Installed indoors Vault (Having liquid confinement area and a pressure-relief vent for absorbing any gases generated by arcing inside the tank, the pressure-relief vent shall be connected to a chimney or flue that will carry such gases to an environmentally safe area Installed in a transformer room of fire-resistant construction. separated from a fire-resistant barrier not less than 1.83 m (6 ft) horizontally and 3.7 m (12 ft) vertically

Above 112.5 KVA Above 112.5 KVA (Class 155 Insulation)

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Oil Insulated Transf ormer in Indoor Installation (NES 420.25)

Volt age Up to 112.5 KVA Up to 10 KVA & Up to 600V Up to 75 KVA & Up to 600V Furnace transformers (Up to 75 kVA) Dist ance (min) Installed indoors Vault (With construction of reinforced concrete that is not less than 100 mm (4 in.) thick. Vault shall not be required if suitable arrangements are made to prevent a transformer oil fire from igniting Vault shall not be required if where the surrounding Structure is classified as fire-resistant construction. Installed without a vault in a building or room of fire resistant construction

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Transf ormer Clearance f rom Building (IEEE Stand)

Transf ormer Up to 75 KVA 75 KVA to 333 KVA More than 333 KVA Dist ance f rom Building (min) 3.0 Meter 6.0 Meter 9.0 Meter

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Transf ormer Clearance Specif ications (Stand: Georgia Power Company)

Descript ion of Clearance Clearance in front of the transformer Between Two pad mounted transformers (including Cooling fin) Between Transformer and Trees, shrubs, vegetation( for unrestricted natural cooling ) The edge of the concrete transformer pad to nearest the building The edge of the concrete transformer pad to nearest building wall, windows, or other openings Clearance from the transformer to edge of (or Canopy) building (3 or less stories) Clearance in front of the transformer doors and on the left side of the transformer, looking at it from the front (For operation of protective and switching devices on the unit) Gas service meter relief vents. Fire sprinkler values, standpipes and fire hydrants The waters edge of a swimming pool or any body of water. Facilities used to dispense hazardous liquids or gases Facilities used to store hazardous liquids or gases Clear vehicle passageway at all times, immediately adjacent of Transformer Fire safety clearances can be reduced by building Dist ance (min) 3.0 Meter 2.1 Meter 3.0 Meter 4.2 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.0 Meter

0.9 Meter 1.8 Meter 4.5 Meter 6.0 Meter 3.0 Meter 3.6 Meter

a suitable masonry fire barrier wall (2.7 Meter wide and 4.5 Meter Tall) 0.9 Meter from the back or side of the Pad Mounted Transformer to the side of the combustible wall Front of the transformer must face away from the building.

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Clearance of Transf ormer-Cable-Overhead Line (Stand: Georgia Power Company)

Descript ion of Clearance Horizont al Dist ance (mm) t o pad-mount ed t ransf ormers 7.5 Meter 6.0 Meter 6.0 Meter 6.0 Meter 1.5 Meter 3.0 Meter t o buried HV cable 1.5 Meter 0.6 Meter 0.6 Meter 0.6 Meter 1.5 Meter 0.6 Meter t o overhead HV Line 7.5 Meter 15 Meter 15 Meter 15 Meter 15 Meter Height of Antenna + 3.0 Meter

Fuel tanks Granaries Homes Barns, sheds, garages Water wells Antennas

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