RLR Friedl 041013

FluvialGeomorphologyStudyProductsand
p
gy
y
Relationships
Relationshipstohydrology,biology,waterquality,connectivity
Relationships to hydrology, biology, water quality, connectivity
Identifyreferencereachesanddeparturefromreference
Stressoridentificationsupport
Stressoridentificationsupport aquatichabitatresponse
Modelsupport
Modelsupport morphology,hydrology,erosionrates
Environmentalreviewsupportforworkinstreams
Environmentalreviewsupportforworkinstreams
Creates understanding of the potential for restoration or disturbance
Createsunderstandingofthepotentialforrestorationordisturbance
Streamclassification
Streamclassification usingacommonmethodologycreatesa
commonlanguageforunderstandingstreamprocesses
SupportforTMDLnon
SupportforTMDLnonpointloadallocation
Identifysource,cause,andquantifysediment
Providescriticalinformationandsupportforrestorationand
Provides critical information and support for restoration and
protection
DaveFriedl,MinnesotaDNR
IndicesofChannelStability
BHR
Incision
Entrenchment
Vegetation
Depositionalpatterns
Channelsuccession
Dimension
Pattern
Profile
Aggradation
D
Degradation
d ti
Competence
Capacity
p y
BankErosionRates
VeryHighBankErosionHazardIndex
Very High Bank Erosion Hazard Index
RootDensity
90
90
RootDepth
Bank
BankAngle
Angle
45
45
StudyBankHeight
BankfullHeight
g
B kM t i l d
BankMaterialand
StratificationAdjustments
SurfaceProtection
Setup
studybank
y
sitein
Sept.2009
to predict
topredict
and
validate
erosion.
i
Model
predicted
0.79feet
oferosion
per year at
peryearat
thissite.
Study Bank 1:
erosion
Validating
Study
Bank
1
predictions Sept.
Sept
2011
toe pin
Bank Pins exposed

after 2 years of erosion
Average bank erosion 1.52

1.52 over 2
years = 0.76 erosion per year.
year.
Bankprofileoverlayshowing2009and2011bankprofilesandlossof9sq ft.
A
Averageerosionratewas1.52ft/2yrs,or0.76ft/yr.
i
t
1 52 ft/2
0 76 ft/
Crosssectionbankpin
Studybank1location
Toepin
boulderinchannel
2011(red)poolcrosssectionwas28sq ftlargerthanin2009(green).
Virtuallynochangeintheriffleareaorelevation2009to2011
Virtually
no change in the riffle area or elevation 2009 to 2011
hydrauliccontrolremainsthesame.
Haugen 4+50 Pool Study Bank Profile 2011-2012

1118
1117
SB 4+50 092711
1115
1114
1113
1112
1111
Toe Pin
Elevattion (ft)
1116
SB 4+50 071912
1110
1109
66
67
68
69
70
Horizontal Distance (ft)
71
72
73
700.0
30 yr average regression
40
y=0.0868x +16.589
R=0.9093
R
0.9093
35
Annualprecipitationregression: y=0.1159x +16.934

R=0.2702
600.0
Annualmeanflowregression:
y=1.821x +64.104
R=0.7731
y=3.4412x +40.093
R=0.3618
30
400.0
20
300.0
15
200.0
10
100.0
AnnualAverageFlow(cfs)
Running30YrAveFlow(cfs)
AnnualPrecipitation(in)
Running30YrAvePrecip(in)
Linear(AnnualAverageFlow(cfs))
Linear(Running30YrAveFlow(cfs))
Linear(AnnualPrecipitation(in))
Linear(Running30YrAvePrecip(in))
2010
2
2008
2
2006
2
2004
2
2002
2
2000
2
1998
1
1996
1
1994
1
1992
1
1990
1
1988
1
1986
1
1984
1
1982
1
1980
1
1978
1
1976
1
1974
1
1972
1
1970
1
1968
1
1966
1
1964
1
1962
1
1960
1
1958
1
1956
1
1954
1
1952
1
1950
1
1948
1
1946
1
1944
1
1942
1
1940
1
1938
1
1936
1
0
1934
1
0.0
Precipitaation(in)
25
1932
1
AnnualAveraageFlow(cfs)
500.0
45
Pommede TerreFlowsandPrecipitationat
Appleton,MN1937 2009
500.0
40
35
400.0
30
25
300.0
y=0.0175x 9.4935
R=0.2221
20
200 0
200.0
15
y=1.4849x 2820
R=0.7836
10
100.0
5
0.0
1935
1940
1945
Flow
1950
5YearAvg.Precip.
1955
1960
1965
5YearAvg.
1970
30yr.avg.(precip)
1975
1980
1985
30yr.avg.(flow)
1990
Linear(30yr.avg.(flow))
1995
2000
Precipitation
2005
Linear(30yr.avg.(precip))
0
2010
K.Laing
27%increaseinslope
p
ThiefRiverBANCSErosionModel
Thief
River BANCS Erosion Model
andValidation
DavidFriedl
JasonVinje
Erosion:31.7tons/year/mile
Reachlength23,150ft
Thief GM7 Pool 4+02 XS SB, 10/05/11 - 10/12/12

GM7 Pool XS 4+02 SB 2011
GM7 Riffle XS Overlay, 100511 - 101212

GM7 Riffle XS 16+05, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 67.1
Dbkf = 5.67
1134
Abkf = 380.1
1150
Elevation (ft)
1133
1145
1140
1132
1131
1130
1129
1135
1128
Toe Pin
Elevation (ft)
GM7 Pool XS 4+02 SB 2012 Adjusted
1135
1127
1130
1126
1125
1125
1124
1120
1123
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
1115

1110
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
lower end water elev.
Closeup of Spoil Piles
355.6
355.4
355.2
355
354.8
354.6
3 m DEM LiDAR Valley XS

Showing Old Dredge Spoil Piles
355.6
357
355.4
356.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
355.2
356
355
355.5
354.8
355
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Unitsofgraphsinmeters
Lower Moose River erosion: 1 1 tons/yr/mile

LowerMooseRivererosion:1.1tons/yr/mile
Top of reach water surface

356
355.8
355 6
355.6
LowerMooseRiver
stableduetovegetation,
couldimprovebyopening
upspoilpilestoimprove
accesstofloodplain.
355.4
355.2
0
10
units in meters
20
30
40
50
60
70
800
Upper Moose River erosion: 4 tons/yr/mile

UpperMooseRivererosion:241tons/yr/mile
UpperMooseRiver confined
ditchwithgoodvegetation,much
higherbankerosionthanlower
river due to confined channel and
riverduetoconfinedchanneland
largeamountsofsedimentcoming
infromsides.
Stream:
Graph Used: Colorado
Predictederosionrate(usingColoradorates)was0.253ft/yrandactualwas0.2373ft/yr
Observers:
GM12 Pool 1+62 XS SB, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12
GM12 Pool XS 1+62 SB, 2011
Thief River, Reach - GM 12 8/9/11
GM12 Pool XS 1+62 SB - 2012
Station (ft)
1175
Elevation (ft)
1174
(2)
(3)
BEHI rating
(Worksheet
3-11)
(adjective)
NBS rating
(Worksheet
3-12)
(adjective)
1173
Valley Type:
Stream Type:
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Bank
Length of Study
Erosion
erosion
bank (ft)
bank
subtotal
rate
height (ft) [(4)(5)(6)]
3
(Figure 3-9
(ft /yr)
or 3-10)
(ft/yr)
(8)
Erosion
Rate
(tons/yr/ft)
{[(7)/27]
1.3 / (5)}
1172
1171
Toe Pin
1170
1169
1168
1.
0-55 RB
Moderate
Very Low
0.092
55.0
5.5
27.89
0.02440
2
2.
0 65 LB
0-65
Moderate
Low
0 153
0.153
65 0
65.0
55
5.5
54 70
54.70
0 04050
0.04050
3.
65-88 LB
Low
Low
0.036
23.0
5.0
4.11
0.00860
Low
0.000
33.0
5.5
0.00
0.00000
55-88 RB
Very Low
88-150 LB
5. RB
Moderate
150-210 LB
6. Pool
P l XS SB Moderate
M d
t
Very Low
0.092
124.0
6.0
68.60
0.02660
M d
Moderate
t
0 253
0.253
60 0
60.0
56
5.6
85 01
85.01
0 06820
0.06820
150-210 RB
210-287 LB
8. RB
Very Low
Very Low
0.000
60.0
4.0
0.00
0.00000
Low
Very Low
0.017
77.0
5.5
7.24
0.00450
9.
287-354 LB
Moderate
Moderate
0.253
67.0
6.0
101.71
0.07310
10.
287-354 RB
Very Low
Very Low
0.000
67.0
6.0
0.00
0.00000
11.
354-409 LB
Moderate
Low
0.153
55.0
5.5
46.28
0.04050
12.
354-478 RB
Very Low
Very Low
0.000
85.0
5.5
0.00
0.00000
13.
409-478 LB
Moderate
Low
0.153
69.0
5.5
58.06
0.04050
Total
Erosion
(ft3/yr)
453.59
Convert erosion in ft /yr

y to yds
y /yr
y {{divide Total Erosion (ft
( /yr)
y ) by
y
27}
Total
Erosion
(yds3/yr)
16.80
Convert erosion in yds 3 /yr to tons/yr {multiply Total Erosion

3
(yds /yr) by 1.3}
Total
Erosion
(tons/yr)
21.84
Unit Erosion
Rate
(tons/yr/ft)
0.0457
4.
1167
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Estimatederosion0.253ft,actual0.237ft
7.
GM12 Riffle XS 0+91 Overlay, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12

Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 25
Dbkf = 3.39
Abkf = 84.7
1190
1188
1186
1184
Elevation (ft)
Date: 8/9/2011
Total Stream Length (ft): 478
DF, CH, LS, GL, N, JC
(1)
Location: GM12 - Moose River
1182
1180
1178
1176
1174
14.
1172
1170
15.
1168
1166
Sum erosion subtotals in Column (7) for each BEHI/NBS

combination
1164
1162
1160
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Calculate erosion per unit length of channel {divide Total Erosion

(tons/yr) by total length of stream (ft) surveyed}
GullyFormationWherePrivateDrainageEntersWaterways Solution,
eliminatesedimentatsource,maintainacquiredditchstabilitywhere
itexistsatminimum,restoreditch,orincreasefloodplaincapacity.
RestorationofMeandersinthe
MooseRiver
70tons/yr/mi
GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB 08/23/11 - 10/24/12

GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB, 2011 Adjusted Elev
GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB, 2012 Adjusted
1150
Elevation
n (ft)
1148
1146
Toe Pin
1144
1142
1140
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
72tons/yr/mi
/ /
55
56
57
58
59
60
135tons/yr/mile
138 tons/yr/mile
138tons/yr/mile
LowerMudRiverGM5and
GM4 fairlystabledueto
vegetationbutcarryinghigh
sandbedloadfromupper
watershed
UpperMudRiver,lackof
buffersandhigherbank
erosionrates.
239 tons/yr/mile
239tons/yr/mile
Gullyerosion
inpasture
LowerCD20 fairly
stableduetovegetation
but carrying high sand
butcarryinghighsand
bedloadfromupper
watershed
Angle Ditch
AngleDitch
Erosion: 54 tons/yr/mile
Erosion:54tons/yr/mile
210tons/yr/mile Worstcaseinthisreach
U
UpperCD20
CD 20 fairlystable
f il
bl
duetovegetationbut
contributinghighersediment
frombanks.Stillmajority
j y
cominginfromsides(fields
andditches).
Reachlength67,963ft,12.87mi
g
,
,
Solution:increasefloodplain,maintainand
reestablishstabilizingvegetation
FishIBI
BuffaloRiverWatershedFishIBI,allclasses
10
15
20
Channelized
25
30
35
NaturalChannel
40
45
50
BugIBI
BuffaloRiverBugIBI,NCversusChannelized(class7)
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
Channelized
20.0
25.0
NaturalChannel
30.0
35.0
40.0
GM4 Pool XS 16+04 SB, 09/08/11 - 11/01/12

GM4 Pool XS 16+04 SB, 2011
1163
1161
1160
1159
1158
Toe Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1162
1157
1156
1155
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
GM5 Pool 5+38 XS SB, 08/10/11 - 10/11/12

GM5 Pool XS 5+38 SB, 2011
1170
1169
1167
1166
1165
1164
1163
Toe Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1168
1162
1161
1160
5
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Thief Mud River GM5 Pool 5+38

5 38 XS Overlay, 081011 - 101112
GM5 Pool XS 5+38, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 44
GM5 Pool XS 5+38, 2012 _
Dbkf = 4.02
Abkf = 176.7
1175
1173
Elevatiion (ft)
1171
1169
1167
1165
1163
1161
1159
1157
1155
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Thief Mud River GM5 Riffle 3+46

3 46 XS Overlay, 081011 - 101112
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 38.1
Dbkf = 4.09
Abkf = 155.8
1175
1173
Elevation (ft)
1171
1169
1167
1165
1163
1161
1159
1157
-20
-15
-10
-5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
GM6 Upper Pool 3+71 XS SB, 08/10/11 - 10/11/12

1185
1184
1182
1181
1180
1179
Toe
e Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1183
1178
1177
1176
1175
1174
1173
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
Thief Mud GM6 Pool XS 3+71 Overlay, 081011 - 101112

GM6 Pool XS 3+71,
3+71 2011
Bankf ll Indicators
Bankfull
Water Surface
S rface Points
Wbkf = 28.9
GM6 Pool XS 3+71,

3+71 2012
Dbkf = 3.85
Abkf = 111.2
1190
Elevattion (ft)
1185
1180
1175
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Mud GM6 Riffle XS 5+07 Overlay, 081011 - 101112

GM6 Riffle XS 5+07,
5+07 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 26.1
GM6 Riffle XS 5+07,

5+07 2012
Dbkf = 2.76
Abkf = 72.2
1190
Elevattion (ft)
1185
1180
1175
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
GM7 Riffle XS Overlay, 100511 - 101212

Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 67.1
Dbkf = 5.67
Abkf = 380.1
1150
Elevation (ft)
1145
1140
1135
1130
1125
1120
1115
1110
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
Thief GM7 Pool 4+02 XS SB, 10/05/11 - 10/12/12

1135
1134
1132
1131
1130
1129
1128
Toe P
Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1133
1127
1126
1125
1124
1123
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
RLR St. Hilaire Pool Study Bank 18+18, 081612

1078
1074
1072
1070
Toe P
Pin
Elevation (ft)
1076
1068
5
13
17
21
25
RiverValley HighLanding
HighLandingDownstream
Kratka Smiley
Forsberg Finsbury
Sparbys Cemetary
Hwy32 Sportsmans
Sportsmans Huot
Hwy11 OTDam
Hwy11OTDam
GM9 Pool 4+36 XS SB, 08/08/11 - 10/10/12

1138
1136
1135
1134
1133
1132
1131
Toe Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1137
1130
1129
1128
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
GM9 Pool 4+36 XS 08/08/11, 10/10/12

GM9 Pool XS 4+36, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Elevatio
on (ft)
Wbkf = 31.6
GM9 Pool XS 4+36, 2012
Dbkf = 4.23
Abkf = 133.9
1150
1149
1148
1147
1146
1145
1144
1143
1142
1141
1140
1139
1138
1137
1136
1135
1134
1133
1132
1131
1130
1129
1128
1127
1126
1125
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
GM9 Pool 4+36 XS 08/08/11, 10/10/12

GM9 Pool XS 4+36, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 31.6
GM9 Pool XS 4+36, 2012
Dbkf = 4.23
Abkf = 133.9
1150
Elevatio
on (ft)
1145
1140
1135
1130
1125
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135

Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 36.6
Dbkf = 3.67
Abkf = 134.4
1148
1146
Elevatio
on (ft)
1144
1142
1140
1138
1136
1134
1132
1130
1128
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
GM10 Pool XS 4+25 XS, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12

GM10 Pool XS 4+25 SB, 2011
GM10 Pool XS 4+25 SB, 2012
1178
1176
1175
1174
1173
1172
Toe Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1177
1171
1170
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
GM10 Pool XS 4+25 Overlay, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12

GM10 Pool XS 4+25, 2011 2
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 30
GM10 Pool XS 4+25, 2012
Dbkf = 4.11
Abkf = 123.5
1190
Elevatio
on (ft)
1185
1180
1175
1170
-40
-30
-20
-10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140

GM10 Riffle XS 6+02, 2011 Original
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 33.9
Dbkf = 3.56
Abkf = 120.9
1190
1188
Elevatio
on (ft)
1186
1184
1182
1180
1178
1176
1174
1172
1170
-28 -21 -14
-7
14
21
28
35
42
49
56
63
70
77
84
91
98 105 112 119 126 133 140

Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 25
Dbkf = 3.39
Abkf = 84.7
1190
1188
1186
Elevatio
on (ft)
1184
1182
1180
1178
1176
1174
1172
1170
1168
1166
1164
1162
1160
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
GM12 Pool XS 1+62 Overlay, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12

GM12 Pool XS 1+62, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 22.9
GM12 Pool XS 1+62, 2012
Dbkf = 3.61
Abkf = 82.9
1190
1188
1186
Elevatio
on (ft)
1184
1182
1180
1178
1176
1174
1172
1170
1168
1166
1164
1162
1160
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
GM12 Pool 1+62 XS SB, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12

GM12 Pool XS 1+62 SB, 2011
GM12 Pool XS 1+62 SB - 2012
1175
Predictederosionrate(usingColoradorates)was
(
g
)
0.253ft/yrandactualwas0.2373ft/yr
1173
1172
1171
1170
Toe Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1174
1169
1168
1167
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
GM14 Pool XS 3+64 SB Overlay, 10/04/11 - 10/12/12

1125
1124
1122
1121
1120
Toe
e Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1123
1119
1118
1117
1116
1115
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
GM14 Riffle XS 2011

GM14 Riffle XS 21+07, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 114.6
GM14 Riffle XS 21+07, 2012
Dbkf = 3.94
Abkf = 451.9
1130.0
1127.5
Elevation (ft)
1125.0
1122.5
1120.0
1117.5
1115.0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 45.9
Dbkf = 3.6

Abkf = 165.4
1160
Elevation (fft)
1156
1152
1148
1144
-20
20
40
60
80
Bankfull VELOCITY & DISCHARGE Estimates

Stream:
Buffalo River
Date:
10/31/2153
Observers:
DF, JV
Location: Reach - Buff_Gage_GM_20120926
Stream Type:
VIII
Valley Type:
C4
HUC:
INPUT VARIABLES
OUTPUT VARIABLES
Bankfull Riffle CrossSectional AREA
164.03
Abkf
Bankfull Riffle WIDTH
55.19
Wbkf
Wetted PERMIMETER
(ft)
~ (2 * dbkf ) + W bkf
D 84 at Riffle
59.90
Bankfull SLOPE
0.0014
Gravitational Acceleration
32.2
Drainage Area
336.0
Bankfull Riffle Mean DEPTH
(ft2)
Dia.
(mm)
D 84 (mm) / 304.8
Sbkf
Hydraulic RADIUS
(ft / ft)
Abkf / W p
Relative Roughness
((ft / sec 2)
R(ft)
( ) / D 84 ((ft))
DA
Shear Velocity
(mi2)
u* = (gRS)
Bankfull
VELOCITY
ESTIMATION METHODS
1. Friction
Relative
Factor
Roughness
R
h
u = [ 2.83 + 5.66 * Log { R / D 84 } ] u*
2. Roughness Coefficient: a) Manning's n from Friction Factor / Relative

2/3
1/2
Roughness (Figs. 2-18, 2-19) u = 1.49*R *S / n
n=
0.0316
2. Roughness Coefficient:
b) Manning's n from Stream Type (Fig. 2-20)
u = 1.49*R 2/3 *S 1/2 / n
2
c) Manning's n from Jarrett (USGS):
u = 1.49*R
1 49*R 2/3 *S 1/2 / n
n=
0.04
n = 0.39*S 0.38 *R -0.16
Note: This equation is applicable to steep, step/pool, high boundary

roughness, cobble- and boulder-dominated stream systems; i.e., n
f or Stream Ty pes A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C2 & E3
Darcy-Weisbach (Leopold, Wolman and Miller)

3 Oth
3.
Other Methods
M th d (Hey,
(H
Darcy-Weisbach,
D
W i b h Ch
Chezy C,
C etc.)
t )
Chezy C
a) Regional Curves
Q=
u=Q/A
b) USGS Gage Data
u=Q/A
Return Period for Bankfull Discharg
4. Continuity Equations:
0.0
dbkf
56.95
Wp
0.20
D 84
2.88
14.62
0.362
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
R
(ft)
R / D 84
u*
(ft/sec)
Bankfull
DISCHARGE
3.41
ft / sec
559.33
cfs
3.58
ft / sec
586.57
cfs
2.83
ft / sec
463.39
cfs
4.15
ft / sec
681.38
cfs
3.53
ft / sec
578.28
cfs
0.00
ft / sec
0.00
cfs
0.00
ft / sec
0.00
cfs
3.38
ft / sec
555.00
cfs
BKFdischarge
estimatefrom
activebed
i b d
pebblecounts
0.027
3. Other Methods (Hey, Darcy-Weisbach, Chezy C, etc.)
2.97
year
1.5RIatgage
BuffaloHawleyUSGSGage
y
g
Stream Type: C 4
Stream:
Buffalo River
Location:
Buff_Gage_GM_20120926
Observers:
DF, JV
Valley Type: XIV

Date: 09/26/2012
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition

Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
28.8
D 50
25.3
D 50
0.223
D m ax
0.00141
Existing bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft)
3.94
Existing bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65
Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample (mm)

Largest particle from bar sample (ft)
68
304.8
mm/ft
(mm)
Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
1.14
D50 /D50
2.36
D m ax/D 50 Range: 1.3 3.0
0.018
Range: 3 7
Use EQUATION 1:
0.872
)
= 0.0834 (D50 /D50
Use EQUATION 2:
= 0.0384 ((D m ax/D 50) 0.887

EQUATION USED:
Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
4.67
Required bankfull mean depth (ft)
* (
- 1)Dmax
S
(use D max in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar
Sample
0.00167
S
Check:
Required bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft)
Stable
Aggrading
* ( - 1)D
s
max
(use D max in ft)
Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress

0.347
Shields
= dS (lbs/ft2) (substitute hydraulic radius, R, with mean depth, d )
= 62.4, d = existing depth, S = existing slope
CO
25.85 69.74
Shields
Bankfull shear stress
Predicted largest moveable particle size (mm) at bankfull shear stress
(Figure 3-11)
CO
0 877 0.335
0.877
0 335
Shields
CO
9.97
3.81
Shields
CO
0.0036 0.0014
Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm) (Figure 3-11)
Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm)
= predicted shear stress, = 62.4, S = existing slope

Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm)
= predicted shear stress, = 62.4, d = existing depth

Check:
Stable
Aggrading
Degrading
Bankfull VELOCITY & DISCHARGE Estimates

Stream:
Thief River
Location: GM6 5+07 Riffle 8/10/11
Date:
8/10/2011
Observers:
DF, CH, GB
Stream Type:
HUC:
INPUT VARIABLES
VelocityusingU/U*
andManningsnand
Qatbankfull.
??
Valley Type:
Ditch
OUTPUT VARIABLES
Bankfull Riffle CrossSectional AREA
72.17
Abkf
Bankfull Riffle WIDTH
26.13
Wbkf
Wetted PERMIMETER
(ft)
~ (2 * dbkf ) + W bkf
D 84 at Riffle
6.44
Bankfull SLOPE
0.0006
Gravitational Acceleration
32.2
Drainage Area
0.0
Bankfull Riffle Mean DEPTH
(ft2)
Dia.
(mm)
D 84 (mm) / 304.8
Sbkf
Hydraulic RADIUS
(ft / ft)
Abkf / W p
Relative Roughness
((ft / sec 2)
R(ft)
( ) / D 84 ((ft))
DA
Shear Velocity
(mi2)
u* = (gRS)
Bankfull
VELOCITY
ESTIMATION METHODS
1. Friction
Relative
Factor
Roughness
R
h
u = [ 2.83 + 5.66 * Log { R / D 84 } ] u*
2. Roughness Coefficient: a) Manning's n from Friction Factor / Relative

Roughness (Figs. 2-18, 2-19) u = 1.49*R
2/3
*S 1/2 / n
n=
0.0203
b) Manning's n from Stream Type (Fig. 2-20)
u = 1.49*R 2/3 *S 1/2 / n
2
c) Manning's n from Jarrett (USGS):
u = 1.49*R
1 49*R 2/3 *S 1/2 / n
n=
n = 0.39*S 0.38 *R -0.16
Note: This equation is applicable to steep, step/pool, high boundary

roughness, cobble- and boulder-dominated stream systems; i.e., n
f or Stream Ty pes A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C2 & E3
Darcy-Weisbach (Leopold, Wolman and Miller)

3 Oth
3.
Other M
Methods
th d (Hey,
(H
D
Darcy-Weisbach,
W i b h Ch
Chezy C
C, etc.)
t )
Chezy C
a) Regional Curves
Q=
u=Q/A
b) USGS Gage Data
u=Q/A
Return Period for Bankfull Discharg
0.0
dbkf
30.04
Wp
0.02
D 84
2.40
114.29
0.219
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
R
(ft)
R / D 84
u*
(ft/sec)
Bankfull
DISCHARGE
3.17
ft / sec
228.64
cfs
3.27
ft / sec
236.07
cfs
0.00
ft / sec
0.00
cfs
3.24
ft / sec
233.76
cfs
3.52
ft / sec
253.74
cfs
0.00
ft / sec
0.00
cfs
0.00
ft / sec
0.00
cfs
0.00
ft / sec
0.00
cfs
0.021
3. Other Methods (Hey, Darcy-Weisbach, Chezy C, etc.)
2.76
year
GM6USGSStreamStats1.5RI
estimate very close to Rosgen
estimateveryclosetoRosgen
ungaged sitevelocityand
dischargeestimatesonprevious
page.Thosewerebasedon
bankfullcrosssectionareaand
velocityestimatesusing
Manningsnfrompebblecount
data.
data
Figure1.ShellRiverstudylocationinCrow
WingHUC8andMississippiHeadwatersBasin.
FlowDirection
398betweenculvertsnotsurveyed
Downstreamculvertinverts
Upstreamculvertinverts
Culverttopelevation
Approximatenewculvertinvertelevations
2012
0 S
Shell
e River
e Riffle
e XS
S0
0+00
00
Ground Points
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 49.4
Dbkf = 1.09
Abkf = 54.1
1508
Elevation (ft)
1507
1506
1505
1504
1503
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
Figure9.ShellRiver04/25/2011aerialphotoshowingbeaverpondupstreamofstudyreachin
Figure
9. Shell River 04/25/2011 aerial photo showing beaver pond upstream of study reach in
themarshtoforesttransitionarea.Thispondhasheldwaterandsedimentatleastsince1991.
Figure11.ShellRiveraerialphotoshowingbeaverpondwashedout09/08/2011.
Threelinesof10ftby6ftculvertelevationsortwolinesof14ftby6ft:
Upperroadcrossinglowestculvert
Lowerroadcrossinglowestculvert
upstreaminvert
downstreaminvert
downstreaminvert
upstreaminvert
1501.5ft
1501.47ft
1501.18ft
1501.13ft
Stream:ShellRiverT694Crossings091712CalculationsofKeyMorphologicalParameters
Widthof
Bankfull Mean
CrossSection Bankful
Width/Depth Flood
Entrenchment
Width
Width
Bankfull
Bankfull
LEP Lat
LEPLat
LEP Long
LEPLong
Ratio
ProneArea
Ratio
Station
Area(ft)
((ft)
Depth(ft)
(ft)
Riffle0+00
54.10
49.43
1.09
45.35
340
6.88
46.95097 95.33603
Pool0+69
52.91
33.91
1.56
21.74
340
10.03
46.95096 95.33604
Riffle8+03
55.58
46.00
1.21
38.02
600
13.04
46.95049 95.33395
Riffle42+58
58.98
50.99
1.16
43.96
150
2.94
46.94464 95.32798
Pool 44+84
Pool44+84
65.03
50.80
1.28
39.69
150
2.95
46.94425 95.32758
95.32758
Riffle45+61
54.85
46.53
1.18
39.43
150
3.22
46.94403 95.32757
RiffleMean
55.88
48.24
1.16
41.69
REP Lat
REPLat
REP Long
REPLong
Rosgen
Stream
Stream
Classification
Notes
46.95107
46.95073
46.95025
46.94467
46.94420
46.94404
95.33637
95.33627
95.33390
95.32826
95.32781
95.32781
95.32784
C6c
C6c
C6c
C5c
C5c
C5c
C5c
aboveculverts
aboveculverts
aboveculverts
belowculverts
below culverts
belowculverts
belowculverts
C5c
Stream:
Thief River, Reach - BEHI_Recon_CR7_12_050510
Location: CR7 - 12
Graph Used: North Carolina Total Stream Length (ft): 23150

Observers:
Valley Type:
DF, JV
(1)
Date: 50510
(4)
Stream Type: Ditch B
(2)
(3)
(5)
(6)
Station (ft)
BEHI rating
(Worksheet
3-11)
(adjective)
NBS rating
(Worksheet
3-12)
(adjective)
(7)
1.
153
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
197.0
15.0
47.28
0.01160
2
2.
154
M d
Moderate
t
V
Very
Low
L
0 016
0.016
60 0
60.0
12 0
12.0
11 52
11.52
0 00920
0.00920
3.
155_LB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
604.0
15.0
144.96
0.01160
4.
155_RB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
700.0
15.0
168.00
0.01160
5.
156_LB
Low
Very Low
0.001
700.0
8.0
4.48
0.00030
6.
156_RB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
840.0
15.0
201.60
0.01160
7.
157_LB
Low
Very Low
0.000
1055.0
10.0
0.00
0.00000
8.
157_RB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
1400.0
15.0
336.00
0.01160
9.
159_LB
Low
Very Low
0.001
175.0
8.0
1.12
0.00030
10.
159_RB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
250.0
20.0
80.00
0.01540
11.
160_LB
Low
Very Low
0.001
300.0
9.0
2.16
0.00030
12.
160_RB
Low
Very Low
0.001
250.0
15.0
3.00
0.00060
13.
161_RB
Low
Very Low
0.001
1200.0
8.0
7.68
0.00030
14.
162_RB
Low
Very Low
0.001
525.0
8.0
3.36
0.00030
15.
163_LB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
800.0
10.0
128.00
0.00770
16
164_RB
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
460.0
10.0
73.60
0.00770
17
165 rb
Low
Very Low
0.001
784.0
8.0
5.02
0.00030
18
166-167 lb
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
950.0
9.0
136.80
0.00690
19
168 rb
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
942.0
10.0
150.72
0.00770
20
169 lb
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
903.0
12.0
173.38
0.00920
21
170 rb
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
740.0
15.0
177.60
0.01160
Bank
Length of Study
Erosion
erosion
bank (ft)
bank
subtotal
height (ft) [(4)(5)(6)]
rate
3
(Figure 3-9
(ft /yr)
or 3-10)
(ft/yr)
(8)
Erosion
Rate
(tons/yr/ft)
{[(7)/27]
1.3 / (5)}
Stream:
Thief River, Reach - BEHI_Recon_CR7
Graph Used:
Total Stream Length (ft): 23150
Observers:
(1)
Station ((ft))
Location:
Date: 12/30/1899
Valley Type:
(2)
(3)
BEHI rating
g
(Worksheet
3-11)
(adjective)
NBS rating
g
(Worksheet
3-12)
(adjective)
Stream Type:
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Bank
Length
g of Study
y
Erosion
erosion
bank (ft)
bank
subtotal
rate
height (ft) [(4)(5)(6)]
3
(Figure 3-9
(ft /yr)
or 3-10)
(ft/yr)
(8)
Erosion
Rate
(tons/yr/ft)
{[(7)/27]
1.3 / (5)}
22
171 lb
Low
Very Low
0.001
685.0
12.0
6.58
0.00050
23
172 lb
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
524.0
12.0
100.61
0.00920
24
174
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
1491.0
10.0
238.56
0.00770
25
175-177
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
1933.0
10.0
309.28
0.00770
26
178
Moderate
Very Low
0.016
2378.0
10.0
380.48
0.00770
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Sum erosion subtotals in Column (7) for each BEHI/NBS

combination
3
Convert erosion in ft /yr

y to yyds /yr
y {{divide Total Erosion ((ft /yr)
y ) byy
27}
3
Convert erosion in yds /yr to tons/yr {multiply Total Erosion

3
(yds /yr) by 1.3}
Calculate erosion per unit length of channel {divide Total Erosion
(tons/yr) by total length of stream (ft) surveyed}
Total
Erosion
(ft3/yr)
Total
Erosion
(yds3/yr)
Total
Erosion
(tons/yr)
Unit Erosion
Rate
(tons/yr/ft)
2891.78
107.10
139.23
0.0060
GM14 Riffle XS 2011

GM14 Riffle XS 21+07, 2011
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 114.6
GM14 Riffle XS 21+07, 2012
Dbkf = 3.94
Abkf = 451.9
1130.0
1127.5
Elevation (ft)
1125.0
1122.5
1120.0
1117.5
1115.0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
Bankfull Indicators
Wbkf = 45.9
Dbkf = 3.6

Abkf = 165.4
1160
Elevation (fft)
1156
1152
1148
1144
-20
20
40
60
80
GM1 Pool XS 9+95 SB Overlay 08/19/11, 10/23/12

1162
1160
1159
1158
1157
1156
Toe P
Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1161
1155
1154
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB 08/23/11 - 10/24/12

GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB, 2011 Adjusted Elev
1150
1146
1144
Toe Pin
Elevatio
on (ft)
1148
1142
1140
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

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FluvialGeomorphologyStudyProductsand

Bank Pins exposed

Average bank erosion 1.52

Haugen 4+50 Pool Study Bank Profile 2011-2012

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Annualprecipitationregression: y=0.1159x +16.934

Thief GM7 Pool 4+02 XS SB, 10/05/11 - 10/12/12

GM7 Riffle XS Overlay, 100511 - 101212

Water Surface Points

GM7 Riffle XS 16+05, 2012

GM7 Pool XS 4+02 SB 2012 Adjusted

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Horizontal Distance (ft)

lower end water elev.

Closeup of Spoil Piles

3 m DEM LiDAR Valley XS

Lower Moose River erosion: 1 1 tons/yr/mile

Top of reach water surface

Upper Moose River erosion: 4 tons/yr/mile

Graph Used: Colorado

Thief River, Reach - GM 12 8/9/11

GM12 Pool XS 1+62 SB - 2012

Convert erosion in ft /yr

Convert erosion in yds 3 /yr to tons/yr {multiply Total Erosion

Horizontal Distance (ft)

GM12 Riffle XS 0+91 Overlay, 08/09/11 - 10/11/12

Water Surface Points

GM12 Riffle XS 0+91, 2012

Total Stream Length (ft): 478

DF, CH, LS, GL, N, JC

Location: GM12 - Moose River

Sum erosion subtotals in Column (7) for each BEHI/NBS

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Calculate erosion per unit length of channel {divide Total Erosion

GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB 08/23/11 - 10/24/12

GM3 Pool XS 3+12 SB, 2012 Adjusted

Horizontal Distance (ft)

GM4 Pool XS 16+04 SB, 09/08/11 - 11/01/12

GM4 Pool XS 16+04 SB, 2012 Adjusted

Horizontal Distance (ft)

GM5 Pool 5+38 XS SB, 08/10/11 - 10/11/12

GM5 Pool XS 5+38 SB, 2012

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Thief Mud River GM5 Pool 5+38

Water Surface Points

GM5 Pool XS 5+38, 2012 _

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Thief Mud River GM5 Riffle 3+46

Water Surface Points

GM5 Riffle XS 3+46, 2012

Horizontal Distance (ft)

GM6 Upper Pool 3+71 XS SB, 08/10/11 - 10/11/12

GM6 Pool XS 3+71 SB 2012 Adjusted

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Thief Mud GM6 Pool XS 3+71 Overlay, 081011 - 101112

GM6 Pool XS 3+71,

Horizontal Distance (ft)

Mud GM6 Riffle XS 5+07 Overlay, 081011 - 101112

Water Surface Points

GM6 Riffle XS 5+07,

Horizontal Distance (ft)

GM7 Riffle XS Overlay, 100511 - 101212

Water Surface Points

u = 1.49R 2/3 S 1/2 / n

n = 0.39S 0.38 R -0.16