Set 1

HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
(MOCK EXAMINATION)

Suggested Answers
Section A Question No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Key D C C C A A D D C A B D D C C B D A Question No. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. Key C B A D C B D B B A B D B A C A C D

Explanation of selected difficult problems 4. As the oxide of Z cannot be reduced by carbon reduction or direct heating, it is the most reactive metal among the three, and is high in the reactivity series. Y can be extracted by heating alone, so it must be the least reactive metal among the three. As Y is the least reactive, it should be extracted and discovered easier and earlier than Z. Calcium oxide cannot be reduced by carbon reduction.

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CHEMISTRY A1

6.

Number of moles of NaCl =

2.340 mol = 0.040 mol 23.0 + 35.5

As 1 mole of NaCl contains 2 moles of ions, the number of moles of ions in 2.340 g of NaCl = 0.040 2 = 0.080 mol Formula KCl ZnCl2 CaSO4 MgBr2 Number of moles of ions
2.984 2 = 0.080 39.1 + 35.5 3.125 3 = 0.069 65.4 + 35.5 2 3.598 2 = 0.053 40.1 + 32.1 +16.0 4 5.529 3 = 0.090 24.3 + 79.9 2

7.

Assume that the relative atomic mass of X is x. Percentage by mass of X = 1 0.25 = x = 159.8
2x 2 x + 3 35.5

Relative atomic mass of X x Number of atoms in X 2Cl3 X 100% Formula mass of X 2Cl3

9.

The graph shows a loss in mass. Most likely, a gas was formed and escaped from the beaker. K2CO3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) 2KCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

10. Ammonia solution is an alkali that does not contain metal ions. 11. From the results of flame test, we predict that X and Q are sodium ion and calcium ion respectively. So the answer should be B or D. When we look at the reactions between XZ and acidified barium chloride solution, the products are barium hydrogencarbonate and sodium chloride. Both of them are colourless and soluble in water. 14. There is a total of 4 carbon atoms and 8 hydrogen atoms in C4H8, so 4 CO2 and 4 H2O are produced. Thus 6 O2 are needed. 17. Chlorine behaves as both an oxidizing agent and reducing agent in the reaction. It is oxidized to OCl(aq) and reduced to Cl(aq) at the same time. 18. For (2), the porous nickel electrodes also act as catalysts. Graphite rods do not have any catalytic property. For (3), hydrogen is fed into the anode compartment and oxygen is fed into the cathode compartment. 19. At the anode, Br(aq) ions are preferentially discharged to form Br2(g) due to the concentration
HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011 CHEMISTRY A2

effect. As electrolysis goes on, Br(aq) ions and H+(aq) ions discharge continuously, OH(aq) ions and Na+(aq) ions accumulate. Therefore, the solution gradually changes to sodium hydroxide solution. 20. The change in internal energy of the reaction is the same in both systems. Since the reaction in the open system involves work done on the surroundings, the heat change of the reaction in the open system is smaller than that in the closed system. 21. C2H2(g) + 2H2(g) +O2(g) H 1 H +O2(g) H 2 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) By applying Hesss Law, H + H 3 = H 1 + H 2 H = H 1 + H 2 H 3 = x + 2y z 23. Ammonium chloride consists of ammonium ion (NH4+) and chloride ion (Cl). Solid ammonium chloride does not conduct electricity. It conducts only when molten or in aqueous states. Thus it is an electrolyte. 26. During the reaction, the mass of marble chips decreases and carbon dioxide gas is given off. The carbon dioxide gas cannot escape from the flask as it is stoppered. Therefore, the mass of the reaction mixture remains unchanged.
13.5 g (32.1 +16.0 2 + 35.5 2) g mol1

C2H6(g) +O2(g) H 3

28. Initial number of moles of SO2Cl2(g) =

= 0.10 mol Initial concentration of SO2Cl2(g) =

0.10 mol = 0.025 mol dm3 4 dm3 0.069 mol = 0.01725 mol dm3 4 dm3

Equilibrium concentration of Cl2(g) =

HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011

CHEMISTRY A3

Concentration (mol dm3) Initial Change Equilibrium

SO2Cl2(g) 0.025 0.01725 0.025 0.01725 = 7.75 103

SO2(g) + Cl2(g) 0 0 +0.01725 +0.01725 0.01725 0.01725

Kc =

[SO 2 (g )]eqm [Cl 2 (g )]eqm [SO 2 Cl 2 (g )]eqm

Kc =

(0.01725 mol dm 3 )(0.01725 mol dm 3 ) = 0.0384 mol dm3 (7.75 10 3 mol dm 3 )

29. As the forward reaction is exothermic, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium position to the left producing more N2(g) and H2(g), thus the value of Kc decreases. 31. (2) is incorrect. The ketone group should also be reduced to a secondary alcohol,

. 33. Both aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide do not react with water. 34. MnO4 ions are reduced by chloride ions to form MnO2, which appears as brown precipitate. 35. The first statement is incorrect but the second statement is correct. Only alkanols of short hydrocarbon chain (e.g. the first four members of alkanols) are soluble in water. 36. For the first statement, a catalyst is neither a reactant nor a product in a reaction. For the second statement, some catalysts can slow down a reaction. Section B PART I Marks 1. (a) Calcium carbonate (b) Calcium carbonate + dilute hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water (c) Carbon dioxide. It turns limewater milky. 1 2 1

(d) His statement is correct. Calcium carbonate is an ore of calcium metal. We can obtain calcium metal by electrolysis of its molten ores. 2 6
HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011 CHEMISTRY A4

Marks 2. (a) To increase electrical conductivity. (b) Blue Copper(II) ions (c) Orange 1 Dichromate ions 1 (d) Irritant 1 (e) The bulb does not light up. 1 7 3. (a) Methyl orange (b) From yellow to orange (c) (i) Ignore the first titration data. Average volume of sulphuric acid used = 1 1 1 1 1

(15.20 +15.30 +15.10) cm3 = 15.20 cm3

3

(ii) 2NH3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) (NH4)2SO4(aq) Number of moles of sulphuric acid used = 0.1
15.20 mol = 0.00152 mol 1000

From the equation, mole ratio of NH3 : H2SO4 = 2 : 1 Number of moles of ammonia in 25.0 cm3 ammonia solution = 0.00152 2 mol = 0.00304 mol
0.00304 Molarity of ammonia solution = 25.0 M = 0.122 M 1000

1 1 1 1 8

(d) Ammonium sulphate It is used to make fertilizer.

4.

(a) Formula mass of H2O = 1.0 2 + 16.0 = 18.0 g

HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011

CHEMISTRY A5

Mass of H in 9.0 g of water = 9.0

1.0 2 g = 1.0 g 18.0

1 1

(b) Mass of C in 5.8 g of X = (5.8 1.0) g = 4.8 g (c) Since all the C in CO2 and H in H2O came from the same compound,

Marks Masses (in g) Number of moles (mol) Relative number of moles Simplest whole number ratio C 4.8
4.8 = 0.4 12.0 0.4 =1 0.4

H 1.0
1.0 = 1.0 1.0 1.0 = 2.5 0.4

12=2

2.5 2 = 5 2 1 5

The empirical formula of compound X is C2H5.

5.

(a) Chloroethene (b) A and C (c) A:

1 1, 1

1 C:

1 (d) Polyvinyl chloride It can be used to make pipes/ shower curtains/ tablecloths/ raincoats/ water hoses/ electrical wire insulation. 7 6. (a) Since electrons flow from metal Y to metal X, indicating that metal Y is more reactive. ` 1 (b) Metal X. (c) (i) 1 It can be prepared by soaking a piece of filter paper in sodium nitrate solution/sodium chloride solution. 1 1 1

(ii) To complete the circuit by allowing ions to move from one half-cell to another half-cell. 1
HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011 CHEMISTRY A6

It provides ions to balance the charges in the solutions of the two half-cells.

1 5 Marks

7.

(a) 2HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) (b) The temperature of the solution rises. Gas bubbles are evolved. (c) Mass of the reaction mixture = (20.0 + 10.0) cm3 1.0 g cm = 30.0 g Heat released = m c T = 30.0 g 4.2 J g1 K1 15.0 K = 1890 J Number of moles of HCl = 1.0 mol dm3 0.02 dm3 = 0.02 mol Number of moles of Na2CO3 = 1.0 mol dm3 0.01 dm3 = 0.01 mol number of moles of H2O formed = 0.01 mol Heat released per mole of H2O formed = 0.01 mol = 189.0 kJ mol1 the enthalpy change of the reaction is 189.0 kJ mol1. (No mark if negative sign is omitted.) (d) The carbon dioxide released brings away some of the heat energy. There is heat loss from the reaction mixture to the surroundings. (Accept any other possible reasons.)
1890 J
3

1 1 1 1

1 1 1

9 8. There are three common methods to extract a metal from its ore: Heating the metal ore alone:

is used to extract unreactive metals

metals at the bottom of the reactivity series / e.g. mercury / silver / is obtained by heating mercury(II) oxide/ silver oxide 1 heating metal ores with carbon is used to extract less reactive metals metals at the middle of the reactivity series / e.g. iron / is obtained by heating iron(III) oxide with carbon / carbon removes the oxygen from iron(III) oxide 1 extraction of metals by electrolysis of their molten ores is used to extract very reactive metals metals at the top of the reactivity series / e.g. aluminium / is obtained by electrolysis of its molten oxide 1

Heating metal ore with carbon

Electrolysis of molten metal ore

1 1
CHEMISTRY A7

HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011

Effective communication (3 marks)

9 Marks PART II 9. (a) Kc = [H2S(g)]eqm[NH3(g)]eqm (b) Concentration (mol dm3) Initial Change Equilibrium NH4HS(s) H2S(g) + NH3(g) 0 +0.27 0.27 0.60 0.87 0.60 = +0.27 0.87 1 Kc = [H2S(g)]eqm[NH3(g)]eqm = (0.27 mol dm3)(0.87 mol dm3) = 0.2349 mol2 dm6 (c) Let V be the volume of the sealed flask. Doubling the volume of the sealed flask, the new volume = 2V The initial number of moles of ammonia gas = molarity volume = 0.60 V The initial concentration of ammonia gas = =
0.60 V = 0.30 mol dm3 2V number of moles of ammonia gas new volume

1 1+1

Let x mol dm3 be the change in the concentration of H2S(g). Concentration (mol dm3) Initial Change Equilibrium NH4HS(s) H2S(g) + NH3(g) 0 +x x 0.30 +x 0.30 + x 1 0.2349 = [H2S(g)]eqm[NH3(g)]eqm 0.2349 = (x)(0.30 + x) 0.2349 = 0.3x + x2 x = 0.357 or x = 0.657 (rejected)
HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011

1 1
CHEMISTRY A8

 [NH3(g)]eqm = 0.30 + 0.357 = 0.657 mol dm3

10 Marks 10. (a) 3 (b) (i) Concentrated sulphuric acid and heating under reflux 2 1 1 (ii) The ester is ethyl propanoate. (c) The overall percentage yield = 70% 67% 42% = 19.7%

7 11. 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) Let the volume of C2H2(g) be x cm3, then the volume of C2H4(g) is (10.0 x) cm3. Volume of O2(g) reacted with C2H2(g) =
5x cm3 = 2.5x cm3 2

1 1

Volume of O2(g) reacted with C2H4(g) = 3 (10.0 x) cm3 = 30.0 3x cm3 Therefore, 30.0 2.5x (30.0 3x) = 2.0 x = 4.0 Volume of C2H2(g) = 4.0 cm3 Volume of C2H4(g) = 6.0 cm3

1 1

4 12. (a) (i) Sulphur dioxide: 1 Sulphur trioxide:

1 (ii) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) (iii) Colourless

HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011

2SO3(g)

1 1 1
CHEMISTRY A9

Vanadium(V) oxide/V2O5

(b) (i) (ii) Orange

1 1

HKDSE CHEMISTRY Mock Exam Paper 1 (Set 1) Suggested Answers Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2011

CHEMISTRY A10