CSC-101 Line Protection IED Protection Guide

CSC-101
Line Protection IED

Product Guide

VersionV1.00
Doc. Code: 0SF.492.050(E)
Issued Date2010.12
Copyright owner: Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd

Note: the company keeps the right to perfect the instruction. If equipments do not agree with
the instruction at anywhere, please contact our company in time. We will provide you with
corresponding service.

is registered trademark of Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.

We reserve all rights to this document, even in the event that a patent is issued and a different
commercial proprietary right is registered. Improper use, in particular reproduction and
dissemination to third parties, is not permitted.

This document has been carefully checked. If the user nevertheless detects any errors, he is
asked to notify us as soon as possible.

The data contained in this manual is intended solely for the IED description and is not to be
deemed to be a statement of guaranteed properties. In the interests of our customers, we
constantly seek to ensure that our products are developed to the latest technological standards
as a result; it is possible that there may be some differences between the hardware/software
product and this information product.

Manufacturer:
Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.

Overview
CSC-101 is selective, reliable and high
speed comprehensive transmission line
protection IED (Intelligent Electronic
Device) for overhead lines, cables or
combination of them. It is a proper
solution for following applications:
Overhead lines and cables up to
1000kV voltage level
All type of station arrangement, such
as 1.5 breakers arrangement, double
bus arrangement, etc.
Extremely long lines
Short lines
Heavily loaded lines
Satisfy the requirement for single and
/or three pole tripping
Communication with station automation
system
The IED provides a highly sensitive and
reliable distance protection with
innovative and proven quadrilateral
characteristic. In addition to separated
zone extension functionality, five
distance zones have fully independent
measuring and setting values which
gives high flexibility for all types of lines
and fault resistances. Many other
functions are integrated to provide a
complete backup protection library.
The wide application flexibility makes the
IED an excellent choice for both new
installations and retrofitting of the
existing stations.
Features
Protection and monitoring IED with
extensive functional library, user
configuration possibility and
expandable hardware design to meet
with users special requirements
Redundant A/D sampling channels and
interlocked dual CPU modules
guarantee the high security and
reliability of the IED
Single and/or three tripping/reclosing
Highly sensitive startup elements,
which enhance the IED sensitivity in all
disturbance conditions and avoid
maloperation
Current sudden-change startup
element
Zero sequence current startup
element
Over current startup element
Undervoltage startup element for
weak-infeed end of line
Three kinds of faulty phase selectors
are combined to guarantee the
correction of phase selection:
Current sudden-change phase
selector
Zero sequence and negative
sequence phase selector
Undervoltage phase selector
Four kinds of directional elements
cooperate each other so as to
determine the fault direction correctly
and promptly:
Memory voltage directional
element
Zero sequence component
directional element
Negative sequence component
directional element
Impedance directional element
Full scheme phase-to-phase and
phase-to-earth distance protection with
five quadrilateral protection zones and
additional extension zone characteristic
(21, 21N)
Power swing function (68)
Proven and reliable principle of
power swing logic
Unblock elements during power
swing
All useful types of tele-protection
communication scheme (85)
Permissive Underreach Transfer
Trip (PUTT) scheme
Permissive Overreach Transfer
Trip (POTT) scheme
Blocking scheme
Inter-tripping scheme
Phase segregated tele-protection
communication scheme
Particular logic for tele-protection
Current reversal
Weak-infeed end
Evolving fault logic

Sequence tripping logic
Contacts and/or up to two fiber optical
ports can be used for tele-protection
A complete protection functions library,
include:
Distance protection with
quadrilateral characteristic
(21,21N)
Tele-protection communication
scheme for distance protection
(85-21,21N)
Tele-protection communication
scheme with dedicated earth fault
protection (85-67N)
Overcurrent protection (50, 51,
67)
Earth fault protection (50N, 51N,
67N)
Emergency/backup overcurrent
protection (50, 51)
Emergency/backup earth fault
protection (50N, 51N)
Switch-onto-fault protection
(50HS)
Overload protection (50OL)
Overvoltage protection (59)
Undervoltage protection (27)
Circuit breaker failure protection
(50BF)
Poles discordance protection
(50PD)
Dead zone protection (50SH-Z)
STUB protection (50STUB)
Synchro-check and energizing
check (25)
Auto-recloser function for single-
and/or three-phase reclosing (79)
Voltage transformer secondary
circuit supervision (97FF)
Current transformer secondary
circuit supervision
Self-supervision to all modules in the
IED
Complete IED information recording:
tripping reports, alarm reports, startup
reports and general operation reports.
Any kinds of reports can be stored up
to 2000 and be memorized in case of
power disconnection
Remote communication
Tele-protection contacts for power
line carrier protection interface
Up to two fiber optical ports for
remote communication applied to
protection function, like
tele-protection
Vast range fiber internal modem,
applied singlemode optical fiber
cable
External optical/electrical
converter, which support
communication through SDH or
PCM, for G.703 (64kbit/s) and
G.703E1 (2048kbit/s)
Up to three electric /optical Ethernet
ports can be selected to communicate
with substation automation system by
IEC61850 or IEC60870-5-103
protocols
Up to two electric RS-485 ports can be
selected to communicate with

substation automation system by
IEC60870-5-103 protocol
Time synchronization via
network(SNTP), pulse and IRIG-B
mode
Configurable LEDs (Light Emitting
Diodes) and output relays satisfied
users requirement
Versatile human-machine interface
Multifunctional software tool CSmart for
setting, monitoring, fault recording
analysis, configuration, etc.
Functions
Protection functions
Description ANSI Code
IEC 61850
Logical Node
Name
IEC 60617
graphical symbol
Distance protection
Distance protection 21, 21N PDIS Z<
Power-swing function 68 RPSB Zpsb
Tele-protection
Communication scheme for distance
protection
8521,21N PSCH
Communication scheme for earth fault
protection
8567N PSCH
Current protection
Overcurrent protection 50,51,67 PTOC
3I
INV
>
3I >>
3I >>>
Earth fault protection 50N, 51N, 67N PEFM
I
0INV
>
I
0
>>
I
0
>>>
Emergency/backup overcurrent protection 50,51 PTOC
3I
INV
>
3I >
Emergency/backup earth fault protection 50N,51N PTOC
I
0INV
>
I
0
>
Switch-onto-fault protection 50HS PSOF
3I >HS
I
0
>HS
Overload protection 50OL PTOC 3I >OL
Voltage protection
Overvoltage protection 59 PTOV
3U>
3U>>
Undervoltage protection 27 PTUV
3U<
3U<<
Breaker protection and control function
Breaker failure protection 50BF RBRF
3I> BF
I
0
>BF
I
2
>BF
Dead zone protection 50SH-Z
STUB protection 50STUB PTOC 3I>STUB
Poles discordance protection 50PD RPLD
3I< PD
I
0
>PD
I
2
>PD
Synchro-check and energizing check 25 RSYN
Auto-recloser 79 RREC OI
Single- and/or three-pole tripping 94-1/3 PTRC
Secondary system supervision
CT secondary circuit supervision
VT secondary circuit supervision 97FF
Monitoring functions
Description
Redundant A/D sampling data self-check
Phase-sequence of voltage and current supervision
3I0 polarity supervision
The third harmonic of voltage supervision
Synchro-check reference voltage supervision
Auxiliary contacts of circuit breaker supervision
Broken conductor check
Self-supervision
Logicality of setting self-check
Fault locator
Fault recorder
Station communication
Description
Front communication port
Isolated RS232 port

Rear communication port
0-2 isolated electrical RS485 communication ports
0-3 Ethernet electrical/optical communication ports
Time synchronization port
Communication protocols
IEC 61850 protocol
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Description
Communication port
Contact(s) interface for power line carrier
0 2 fiber optical communication port(s)
Communication distance
Up to 100kM
Connection mode
Direction fiber cable connection
Digital communication network through converter
IED software tools
Functions
Reading measuring value
Reading IED report
Setting
IED testing
Disturbance recording analysis
IED configuration
Printing
Function arrangement
Figure 1 Function arrangement
Protection functions
Startup elements
The startup elements basically work as
sensitive detector to all type of faults. As
soon as fault or disturbance happens,
the highly sensitive startup elements will
operate immediately and initiate all
necessary protection functions for
selective clearance of the fault.
The control circuit of tripping relays is
controlled by the startup elements. Only
when one of the startup elements is
triggered, the tripping relays can be
energized to trip. Thus, the maloperation,
due to fatal internal hardware fault, is
avoided in this way.
Based on different principle, there are
four kinds of startup elements listed
below, which are used to enhance the
sensitivity, and to guarantee the security
in case of IEDs internal hardware faults.
Sudden-change current
startup element
Sudden-change phase to phase or zero
sequence current elements are the main
startup element that can sensitively
detect most of faults. The criteria are as
follows:
AI
qq
> I_Abrupt
or
A3I
> I_Abrupt
where:
i=|| i (K) - i (K-T) | - |i (K-T) - i
(K-2T) ||
: AB,BC or CA, e.g. iAB= iA-iB
K: The present sample
T: The sample quantity of one power cycle
3i
0
: Sudden-change zero sequence
current
I_Abrupt: The setting value of current
sudden-change elements
Zero sequence current startup
element
Zero sequence current startup element is
applied to improve the fault detection
sensitivity at the high resistance earth
faults. As an auxiliary startup element, it
operates with a short time delay.
Overcurrent startup element
If overcurrent protection function is
enabled, over current startup element is
used to improve the fault detection
sensitivity. As an auxiliary startup
element, it operates with short time
delay.
Low-voltage startup element
When one end of the protected line is a
weak-source system, and the fault
sudden-change phase to phase current
is too low to startup the IED, low-voltage
startup element can be in service to
startup the tele-protection
communication scheme with weak-echo
logic.
10
Phase selector
The IED applies different phase
selectors to determine the faulty phase to
make tripping or auto-recloser initiation
correctly. There are three kinds of phase
selectors based on different principle for
different fault stages.
Sudden-change current
phase selector
It operates as soon as the
sudden-change current startup element
starts up. It makes a phase selection for
fast tripping by comparison amongst
changes of phase-phase currents, i
AB
,
i
BC
and i
CA
.
Symmetrical component
phase selector
During the whole period of fault, the
phase selector checks the angle
between negative sequence current and
zero sequence current vectors to
determine faulty phases. In addition,
phase to phase faults will be
discriminated through impedance
characteristic.
Low voltage phase selector
Both current sudden-change phase and
symmetric component phase selector
are not applicable for weak-infeed end of
protected line, so low-voltage phase
selector is employed in this condition
without VT failure. Theoretically, when
one, two or three phase voltages reduce,
the relevant phase(s) is selected as
faulty phase.
Directional elements
Four kinds of directional elements are
employed for reliable determination of
various faults direction. The related
protection modules, such as distance
protection, tele-protection schemes and
overcurrent and earth fault protections,
utilize the output of the directional
elements as one of their operating
condition. All the following directional
elements cooperate with the mentioned
protection functions.
Memory voltage directional
element
The IED uses the memory voltage and
fault current to determine the direction of
the fault. Therefore transient voltage of
short circuit conditions doesnt influence
the direction detection. Additionally, it
improves the direction detection
sensitivity for symmetrical or
asymmetrical close-in faults with
extremely low voltage. But it should be
noted that the memory voltage cannot be
effective for a long time. Therefore, the
following directional elements work as
supplement to detect direction correctly.
Zero sequence component
directional element
Zero-sequence directional element has
efficient features in the solidly grounded
system. The directional characteristic
only relates to zero sequence impedance
angle of the zero sequence network of
power system, regardless of the quantity
11
of load current and/or fault resistance

throughout the fault. The characteristic of
the zero sequence directional element is
illustrated in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Direction detection characteristic of
zero sequence directional element
where:
0_Char
: The settable characteristic angle
Negative sequence
component directional
element
Negative sequence directional element
can make an accurate directional
discrimination in any asymmetric fault.
The directional characteristic only relates
to negative sequence impedance angle
of the negative sequence network of
power system, regardless the quantity of
load current and/or fault resistance
throughout the fault. The characteristic of
the negative sequence directional
element is illustrated in Figure 3.

negative sequence directional element
where:
2_Char
Impedance directional
elements
The characteristic of the impedance
directional element (shown in Figure 4) is
same with that of distance protection.

impedance directional element
where:
R
SET
: The resistance setting of relevant
12
zone of distance protection

X
SET
: The reactance setting of relevant zone
of distance protection
n: Multiplier for reverse directional element,
which make the reverse directional
element more sensitive than forward
one
Distance protection (21, 21N)
The transmission line distance protection
provides a five zones full scheme
protection with all phase to phase faults
and phase to earth fault loops
independently for each zones. Zone
arrangement illustrated in Figure 5.
Additionally, one extension zone is
employed to co-operate with
auto-recloser and tele-protection
schemes.
R
Zone 1
X
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Zone 5
Zone 4 Reverse
(optional)
Zone 5 Reverse
(optional)
Zone Ext.

Figure 5 Distance protection zones
arrangement
Individual settings of resistive and
reactive reach for phase to phase and
phase to earth fault of each zone give
flexibility for application on overhead
lines and cables of different types and
lengths, considering different fault
resistance for phase to phase and phase
to ground short circuits.
Characteristic of distance
protection
The IED utilizes quadrilateral characteristic
as shown in Figure 6.
X
R
X_ZSet
R_ZSet
_ZTop
_ZBottom
_ZLeft
_ZRight

Figure 6 Characteristics of distance protection
where:
R_ZSet: R_ZnPP or R_ZnPE;
X_ZSet: X_ZnPP or X_ZnPE;
R_ZnPP: Resistance reach setting for
phase to phase faultSubscript n means
the number of protection zone.
Subscript PP means phase to phase
fault
R_ZnPE: Resistance reach setting for
phase to earth fault. Subscript X means
the number of protection zone.
Subscript PE means phase to earth fault
X_ZnPP: Reactance reach setting for phase
to phase fault
13
X_ZnPE: Reactance reach setting for phase

to earth fault
_ZTop: The upper boundary angle of the
characteristic in the first quadrant is
designed to avoid distance protection
overreaching when a close-in fault
happens on the adjacent line
_ZBottom: The bottom boundary angle of
the characteristic in the fourth quadrant
improves the reliability of the relay to
operate reliably for close-in faults with
arc resistance
_ZRight: The right boundary angle of
characteristic in the first quadrant is
used to deal with load encroachment
problems
_ZLeft: The left boundary angle of the
characteristic in the second quadrant
considers the line impedance angle
which generally is not larger than 90.
Thus this angle guarantees the correct
operation of the relay
Extended operating
characteristic
To ensure the correct operation at close-in
faults, a rectangle zone covering the
original point is added to the quadrilateral
characteristic. The rectangular offset
characteristic (illustrated in Figure 7) is
calculated automatically according to the
related distance zones settings.
Furthermore, the memory voltage direction
element, the zero sequence directional
element, and the negative sequence
direction element are applied to determine
the direction together.

Figure 7 Extended polygonal distance protection
zone characteristic
Reverse zone characteristic
In addition to the forward characteristic
zones mentioned above, the IED
provides two optional reverse zone
characteristics to protect connected
busbar as a backup protection. The
reverse zone characteristic can be set for
zones 4 and 5 individually. This reverse
characteristic has been shown in Figure
8.

Figure 8 Characteristic distance protection
reverse zone
Switch-onto- fault protection
14
function
Under either auto reclosing or manual
closing process, the protection function
is able to discriminate these conditions to
give an instantaneous tripping once the
circuit breaker is closed on permanent
faulty line.
The IED provides a high reliable power
swing detector which discriminates
between fault and power swing with
different algorithm.
Power swing blocking logic
According to the slow behavior of power
swing phenomenon, once one of the two
following conditions is met, the protection
program will switch to power swing logic
process:
Without operation of sudden-change
current startup element, all
phase-to-phase impedances, Z
AB
,
Z
BC
and Z
CA
enter into the largest
zone of distance protection
Without operation of sudden-change
current startup element, all phase
currents are bigger than the power
swing current setting
In addition, according to the
experimental results of power swing, it is
not possible for impedance vector to
come into protected zones in 150 ms
after triggering of the current
sudden-change startup element. After
150 ms, the protection program will be
switched to power swing logic process if
no tripping is issued.
Therefore, according to the above
condition, the IED program enters the
power swing logic process and the
distance protection is blocked until
removing of the mentioned conditions or
until a fault occurrence in the protected
line.
Power swing unblocking
logic
The unblocking logic provides possibility
for selective tripping of faults on
transmission lines during system
oscillations, when the distance protection
function is normally blocked. In order to
unblock distance protection and
therefore, fast clearing of the faults, the
following elements are in service to
discriminate between an internal fault
and power swing conditions.
Asymmetric faults detection element
The zero and negative sequence
current are always the key features of
the asymmetric fault. By comparison
amongst the positive, negative and
zero sequence component of phase
current, the element distinguishes the
asymmetric fault from power swing.
Three phase fault detection element
Based on the experimental results
and practical proof, the change rate
of measuring resistance and the
change vector of measuring
impedance are combined to detect
the three phase fault during the
power swing.
15
Tele-protection communication scheme for

distance protection (85-21)
To achieve non-delayed and selective
tripping on 100 % of the line length for all
faults, the communication scheme logic
is provided for distance protection. The
communication schemes are as follows:
Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip
(POTT)
Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip
(PUTT)
Blocking scheme
Following protection logic are used to
ensure correct operation under some
special fault conditions:
Current reversal logic
Weak-infeed end and echo logic
Evolving fault logic
Direct Transfer Trip
The function is provided to cooperate
with related local protection IED, such as
busbar protection, breaker failure
protection, etc., to trip the opposite end
circuit breaker.
Phase segregated
To guarantee correct phase selection at
all times for simultaneous faults on the
parallel lines, the phase segregated
communication scheme logic can be
employed to support single-pole tripping
for faults occurring anywhere at all times
on entire length of the parallel lines.
Tele-protection communication scheme for
earth fault protection (85-67N)
To achieve highly sensitive and selective
tripping on 100 % of the line length for all
faults, especially at the high resistance
earth faults. It always works as
complement to tele-protection for
distance protection with a short time
delay. Permissive transfer trip
communication scheme is applied
The protection provides dedicated
current and time elements independent
of the earth fault protection.
Following protection logic are used to
ensure correct operation under some
special fault conditions.
Current reversal logic
Weak-infeed end logic
Direct Transfer Trip
The function is provided to cooperate
with related local protection IED, such as
busbar protection, breaker failure
protection, etc., to trip the remote end
circuit breaker.
Phase segregated
To guarantee correct phase selection at
16
all times for simultaneous faults on the

parallel lines, the phase segregated
communication scheme logic can be
employed to support single-pole tripping
for faults occurring anywhere at all times
on entire length of the parallel lines
Overcurrent protection (50, 51, 67)
The protection provides following
features:
Two definite time stages
One inverse time stage
11 kinds of IEC and ANSI inverse time
characteristic curves as well as
optional user defined characteristic
Settable directional element
characteristic angle, to satisfy the
different network conditions and
applications
Each stage can be set individually as
directional/non-directional
Each stage can be set individually for
inrush restraint
Cross blocking function for inrush
detection
Settable maximum inrush current
VT secondary circuit supervision for
directional protection. Once VT failure
happens, the directional stage can be
set to be blocked
Inrush restraint function
The protection relay may detect large
magnetizing inrush currents during
transformer energizing. In addition to
considerable unbalance fundamental
current, inrush current comprises large
second harmonic current which does not
appear in short circuit current. Therefore,
the inrush current may affect the protection
functions which operate based on the
fundamental component of the measured
current. Accordingly, inrush restraint logic
is provided to prevent overcurrent
protection from maloperation.
Furthermore, by recognition of the inrush
current in one phase, it is possible to set
the protection in a way that not only the
phase with the considerable inrush current,
but also the other phases of the
overcurrent protection are blocked for a
certain time. This is achieved by
cross-blocking feature integrated in the
IED.
The inrush restraint function has a
maximum inrush current setting. Once the
measuring current exceeds the setting, the
overcurrent protection will not be blocked
any longer.
Characteristic of direction
element
The direction detection is performed by
determining the position of current vector
in directional characteristic. In other word,
it is done by comparing phase angle
between the fault current and the
reference voltage, Figure 9 illustrates the
direction detection characteristic for
phase A element.
17
Forward
Ph_Char
Bisector

overcurrent protection directional element
where:
Ph_Char
The assignment of the applied measuring
values used in direction determination has
been shown in Table 1 for different types of
faults.
Table 1 Assignment of applied current and
reference voltage for directional element
Phase Current Voltage
A
a
I

bc
U

B
b
I

ca
U

C
c
I

ab
U

For three-phase short-circuit fault,
without any healthy phase, memory
voltage values are used to determine
direction clearly if the measured voltage
values are not sufficient. The detected
direction is based on the memory voltage
of previous power cycles.
Earth fault protection (50N, 51N, 67N)
The earth fault protection can be used to
clear phase to earth faults as system
back-up protection.
features:
11 kinds of the IEC and ANSI inverse
time characteristic curves as well as
Zero sequence directional element
Negative sequence directional element
is applied as a complement to zero
sequence directional element. It can be
enabled/disabled by setting
Each stage can be set individually as
directional/non-directional
Settable directional element
characteristic angle, to satisfy the
different network conditions and
applications
Each stage can be set individually for
inrush restraint
VT secondary circuit supervision for
directional protection function. Once
VT failure happens, the directional
stage can be set to be blocked
CT secondary circuit supervision for
earth fault protection. Once CT failure
happens, all stages will be blocked
Zero-sequence current is measured
from earth phase CT
Directional element
18
The earth fault protection adopts zero

sequence directional element which
compares the zero sequence system
quantities:
3I
0
, current is measured from earth
phase CT
3U
0
, the voltage is used as reference
voltage. It is calculated from the sum of
the three phase voltages
Forward
0_Char
Bisector
0_Ref 3U
0
-3I 0
3I 0
90

zero sequence directional element
where:
0_Char
For earth fault protection, users can
choose negative sequence directional
element as the complement of zero
sequence directional element. It can be
used in case of too low zero sequence
voltage due to some fault condition e.g.
the unfavorable zero-sequence voltage.
The negative sequence directional
element characteristic is shown in Figure
11.
negative sequence directional element
where:
2_Char
Furthermore, under the VT failure
situation, it can be set to block directional
earth fault protection.
The protection relay may detect large
magnetizing inrush currents during
transformer energizing. In addition to
considerable unbalance fundamental
current, Inrush current comprises large
second harmonic current which doesnt
appear in short circuit current. Therefore,
the inrush current may affect the protection
functions which operate based on the
fundamental component of the measured
current. Accordingly, inrush restraint logic
is provided to prevent earth fault protection
from mis-tripping.
Since inrush current cannot be more than a
specified value, the inrush restraint
provides an upper current limit in which
blocking does not occur.
19
Emergency/backup overcurrent protection

(50, 51)
In the case of VT Fail condition, all
distance zones and protection functions
related with voltage input are out of
service. In this case, an emergency
overcurrent protection comes into
operation.
Additionally, the protection can be set as
backup non directional overcurrent
protection according to the users
requirement.
features:
One definite time stage
11 kinds of IEC and ANSI inverse
characteristics curve as well as
Inrush restraint function can be set for
each stage separately
Cross blocking of inrush detection
Settable maximum inrush current.
Emergency/backup earth fault protection
(50N, 51N)
In the case of VT Fail condition, all
distance zones and protection functions
related with voltage input are out of
operation. An emergency earth fault
protection comes into operation.
Additionally, the protection can be set as
backup non directional earth fault
protection according to the users
requirement.
features:
One definite time stage
11 kinds of IEC and ANSI inverse
characteristics curve as well as
Inrush restraint can be selected
individually for each stage
CT secondary circuit supervision for
earth fault protection. Once CT failure
happens, all stages will be blocked
Zero-sequence current is measured
from 3-phase currents summation
Switch-onto-fault protection (50HS)
The protection gives a trip when the
circuit breaker is closed manually onto a
short circuited line.
The protection provide following
features:
One definite time overcurrent stage
20
One definite time earth fault protection

stage
Inrush restraint can be selected
Cross blocking for inrush detection
Manual closing binary input detection
The IED supervises load flow in real time.
If each phase current is greater than the
dedicated setting for a set delay time, the
protection will issue alarm.
The overvoltage protection detects
abnormally network high voltage
conditions. Overvoltage conditions may
occur possibly in the power system during
abnormal conditions such as no-load,
lightly load, or open line end on long line.
The protection can be used as open line
end detector or as system voltage
supervision normally.
The protection provides following features:
Each stage can be set to alarm or trip
Measuring voltage between
phase-earth voltage and phase-phase
(selectable)
Settable dropout ratio
One voltage reduction can occur in the
power system during faults or abnormal
conditions.
features:
Each stage can be set to alarm or trip
Measuring voltage between
phase-earth voltage and phase-phase
selectable.
Current criteria supervision
Circuit breaker aux. contact
supervision
VT secondary circuit supervision, the
undervoltage function will be blocked
when VT failure happens
Settable dropout ratio
Breaker failure protection (50BF)
The circuit breaker failure protection is
designed to detect failure of the circuit
breaker during a fault clearance. It
ensures fast back-up tripping of
surrounding breakers by tripping relevant
bus sections.
21
The protection can be single- or

three-phase started to allow use with
single or three-phase tripping
applications.
Once a circuit breaker operating failure
occurs on a feeder/transformer, the bus
section which the feeder/transformer is
connected with can be selectively
isolated by the protection. In addition a
transfer trip signal is issued to trip the
opposite end circuit breaker of the
feeder.
In the event of a circuit breaker failure
with a busbar fault, a transfer trip signal
is issued to trip the remote end circuit
breaker of the feeder.
The current criteria are in combination
with three phase current, zero and
negative sequence current to achieve a
higher security.
The function can be set to give single- or
three phase re-tripping of the local breaker
to avoid unnecessary tripping of
surrounding breakers in the case of the
circuit breaker with two available trip coils.
Additionally, during single pole tripping,
stage 1 is able to re-tripping three phase
with settable delay time after single phase
re-tripping failure.
Two trip stages (local and surrounding
breaker tripping)
Transfer trip command to the remote
line end in second stage
Internal/ external initiation
Single/three phase CBF initiation
Selectable CB Aux contacts checking
Current criteria checking (including
phase current, zero and negative
sequence current)
The IED provides this protection function
to protect dead zone, namely the area
between circuit breaker and CT in the
case that CB is open. Therefore, by
occurrence of a fault in dead zone, the
short circuit current is measured by
protection relay while CB auxiliary
contacts indicate the CB is open.
Internal/external initiation
Self-adaptive for bus side CT or line
side CT
When one bus side CT of feeder is
applied, once a fault occurs in the dead
zone, the IED trips the relevant busbar
zone. Tripping logic is illustrated in
Figure 12.
22

Figure 12 Tripping logic when applying bus
side CT
When one line side CT is applied, when
a fault occurs in the dead zone,
protection relay sends a transfer trip to
remote end relay to isolate the fault.
Tripping logic is illustrated in Figure 13.

Figure 13 Tripping logic when applying line
side CT
The VT is mostly installed at line side of
transmission lines. Therefore, for the cases
that transmission line is taken out of
service and the line disconnector is
opened, the distance protection will not be
able to operate and must be blocked.
The STUB protection protects the zone
between the CTs and the open
disconnector. The STUB protection is
enabled when the open position of the
disconnector is connected to IED binary
input. The function supports one definite
stage which related concept is shown in
Figure 14.
23

Figure 14 Tripping logic of STUB protection
Poles discordance protection (50PD)
The phase segregated operating circuit
breakers can be in different positions
(close-open) due to electrical or
mechanical failures during the system
normal operation.
The protection operates based on
information from auxiliary contacts of the
circuit breaker with additional criteria.
The protection performs following
features:
3 phase CB Aux contacts supervision
Current criteria checking (including
phase current, zero and negative
sequence current)
Synchro-check and energizing check (25)
The synchro-check function checks the
both side voltages of the circuit breaker
for synchronism conditions.
The synchronization function ensures the
stability of the network in three phase
reclosing condition. To do this, the two
side voltages of the circuit breaker are
compared in terms of magnitude, phase
angle and frequency differences.
Additionally, closing can be done safely
in conditions that at least one side of the
CB has dead voltage.
Available for automatic reclosing
(internally or externally)
Based on voltage/ angle/ frequency
difference
Synchro-check modes:
Synch-check
Energizing check, and synch-check if
energizing check failure
24
Override
Modes of energizing check:
Dead V
4
and dead V
3Ph

Dead V
4
and live V
3Ph

Live V
4
and dead V
3Ph

Synchro-check reference
voltage supervision
If the automatic reclosing is set for
synchronization check or energizing
check, during the automatic reclosing
period, the synchronization condition of
the voltages between both sides of CB
cannot be met, an alarm will be issued
after default time delay.
Auto-recloser (79)
For restoration of the normal service
after a fault an auto reclosing attempt is
mostly made for overhead lines.
Experiences show that about 85% of
faults have transient nature and will
disappear after an auto reclosing attempt
is performed. This means that the line
can be re-energized in a short period.
The reconnection is accomplished after a
dead time via the automatic reclosing
function. If the fault is permanent or short
circuit arc has not been extinguished, the
protection will re-trip the breaker. Main
features of the auto-recloser are as
follows:
4 shots automatic recloser (selectable)
Individually settable dead time for three
phase and single phase fault and for
each shot
Internal/external AR initiation
Single/three phase AR operation
CB status supervision
CB Aux. contact supervision
Cooperation with internal synch-check
function for reclosing command

25
Secondary system supervision

Current transformer secondary
circuit supervision
Open or short circuited CT cores can
cause unwanted operation of some
protection functions such as earth fault
current and negative sequence current
functions.
Interruption of the CT secondary circuit is
detected based on zero-sequence current.
Once CT failure happens, each stage of
earth fault protection is blocked.
Voltage transformer secondary
circuit supervision
A measured voltage failure, due to a
broken conductor or a short circuit fault in
the secondary circuit of voltage transformer,
may result in unwanted operation of the
protection functions which work based on
voltage criteria. VT failure supervision
function is provided to block these
protection functions and enable the backup
protection functions. The features of the
function are as follows:
Symmetrical/asymmetrical VT failure
detection
3-phase AC voltage MCB monitoring
1-phase AC voltage MCB monitoring
Zero and negative sequence current
monitoring
Applicable in solid grounded,
compensated or isolated networks

26
Monitoring functions
Phase-sequence of voltage and
current supervision
The phase-sequence of three phase
voltage and current are monitored in the
normal condition to determine that the
secondary circuit of CT or VT is connected
with IED correctly.
3I0 polarity supervision
The IED compare the magnitude and
phase angle of the calculated zero
sequence current with the measured one
to determine that the polarity is connected
in a right way.
The third harmonic of voltage
supervision
If the third harmonic voltage is excessive,
the alarm without blocking protection will
be given with delay time for checking of the
secondary circuit of voltage transformer.
Auxiliary contacts of circuit
breaker supervision
Current flowing through the transmission
line and connected CB aux. contacts are
monitored in phase segregated. Therefore,
the conflict condition is reported as alarm.
For example, If CB aux. contacts indicate
that CB is open in phase A and at the same
time flowing current is measured in this
phase, related alarm is reported.
Broken conductor detection
The main purpose of the broken conductor
detection function is to detect the broken
conductors on protected transmission lines
and cables. Detection can initiate an alarm
or tripping.
Self-supervision
All modules can perform self-
supervision to its key hardware
components and program, as soon as
energizing. Parts of the modules are
self-supervised in real time. All internal
faults or abnormal conditions will
initiate an alarm. The fatal faults among
them will result in the whole IED
blocked
The sampled data from the redundant
A/D sampling channels compare with
each other in real time. If the difference
exceeds the specified threshold, it will
be considered as analog input channel
fault and the protection will be blocked
immediately
CPU module and communication
module perform real time
inter-supervision. Therefore
communication interruption between
them is detected and related alarm will
be given
CRC checks for the setting, program
and configuration, etc.
Fault locator
The built-in fault locator is an impedance
measuring function giving the distance
from the IED measuring location to the
fault position in km. The IED reports fault
location after the IED tripping.
27
Station communication
Overview
The IED is able to connect to one or
more substation level systems or
equipments simultaneously, through the
communication ports with
communication protocols supported.
(Shown in Figure 15)
There is a serial RS232 port on the front
plate of all the IEDs. Through this port,
the IED can be connected to the
personal computer for setting, testing,
and configuration using the dedicated
Sifang software tool.
RS485 communication ports
Up to 2 isolated electrical RS485
communication ports are provided to
connect with substation automation
system. These two ports can work in
parallel for IEC60870-5-103.
Ethernet communication
ports
Up to 3 electrical or optical Ethernet
communication ports are provided to
connect with substation automation system.
These two out of three ports can work in
parallel for protocol, IEC61850 or
IEC60870-5-103.
Figure 15 Connection example for multi-networks of station automation system

Note: All four ports can work in parallel
Communication protocol
The IED supports station communication
with IEC 61850-8 and IED60870-5-103
protocols.
By means of IEC61850, GOOSE peer- to
peer communication make it possible that
bay IEDs can exchange information to
each other directly, and a simple
master-less system can be set up for bay
and system interlocking and other
interactive function.
28
All IEDs feature a permanently integrated

electrical time synchronization port. It can
be used to feed timing telegrams in IRIG-B
or pulse format into the IEDs via time
synchronization receivers. The IED can
adapt the second or minute pulse in the
pulse mode automatically.
Meanwhile, SNTP network time
synchronization can be applied.
The Figure 16 illustrates the optional time
synchronization modes.
SNTP
IRIG-B Pulse
Ethernet port IRIG-B port Binary input

Figure 16 Time synchronizing modes
29
Binary signal transfer
The binary signals can be exchanged
through remote communication channels
between the two IEDs on the two end of
the transmission line or cable respectively.
This functionality is mainly used for the line
Tele-protection communication schemes,
e.g., POTT or PUTT schemes, blocking
scheme and inter trip and so on.
channel
The IEDs are able to communicate with
each other in two types:
Directly fiber-optical cable connection
mode at distances up to 100 km (see
Figure 17 and Figure 18)
Through the communication converter
with G.703 or G.703E1 interface
through the public digital
communication network (see Figure 19
and Figure 20)
Because there are up to two selectable
fiber-optical remote communication ports,
the IED can work in the redundant
communication channel mode, with
advantage of no time-delay channel switch
in case of the primary channel broken
(Figure 18, Figure 20 and Figure 21).

Figure 17 Single channel, communication through dedicated fiber optical cable
30
Figure 18 Double channels, communication through dedicated fiber optical cable

Communication converter
The link between the IED and a
multiplexed communication network is
made by dedicated communication
converters (CSC186). They have a
fiber-optic interface with 1310 nm and 2 FC
connectors to the protection IED. The
converter can be set to support an
electrical G703-64 kbit/s or G703-E1
2Mbit/s interface, according the
requirement of the multiplexed
communication network.

Figure 19 Single Channel, communication through digital communication network
31
Figure 20 Double channels, communication through digital communication network

Figure 21 Double channels, one channel through digital communication network, one channel
through dedicated fiber optical cables

32
Software tools
CSmart protection manager is a
user-friendly software tool for engineering,
parameter setting, disturbance handling
and monitoring. It provides versatile
functionalities required throughout the life
cycle of protection IEDs. Its features are as
follows:
Device administration in projects with
freely configurable hierarchies for any
substation and electrical power station
topology

Modification, import and export of
parameter sets sorted by protection
functions, with setting logicality check
Precise fault analysis by Fisewave
software: visualization of fault records
in curves over time, circle diagrams,
vector diagrams, bar charts and data
sheet

Intelligent plausibility checks rule out
incorrect input
Graphical visualization of
characteristics and zone diagrams with
direct manipulation of the curves
Password-protected access for
different jobs such as parameter setting,
commissioning and controlling
(authorized staff only)
Testing and diagnostic functions
decisive support in the commissioning
phase
33
Hardware
Human-machine Interface
(HMI)
The human-machine interface is simple
and easy to understand the whole front
plate is divided into zones, each of them
with a well-defined functionality:

Figure 22 IED front plate
1 Liquid crystal display (LCD)
2 LEDs
3 Shortcut function keys
4 Arrow keys
5 Reset key
6 Quit key
7 Set key
8 RS232 communication port
34
Analogue Input Module (AIM)

The analogue input module is used to
galvanically separate and transform the
secondary currents and voltages
generated by the measuring transformers.
CPU Module (CPU)
The CPU module handles all protection
functions and logic. There are two CPU
modules in the IED, CPU1 and CPU2, with
the same software and hardware. They
work in parallel and interlock each other to
prevent maloperation due to the internal
faults of one CPU modules.
Moreover, the redundant A/D sampling
channels are equipped. By comparing the
data from redundant sampling channels,
any sampling data errors and the channel
hardware faults can be detected
immediately and the proper alarm and
blocking is initiated in time.
Communication Module (COM)
The communication module performs
communication between the internal
protection system and external equipments
such as HMI, engineering workstation,
substation automation system, RTU, etc.,
to transmit remote metering, remote
signaling, SOE, event reports and record
data.
Up to 3 channels isolated electrical or
optical Ethernet ports and up to 2 channels
RS485 serial communication ports can be
provided in communication module to meet
the communication demands of different
substation automation system and RTU at
the same time.
The time synchronization port is equipped,
which can work in pulse mode or IRIG-B
mode. SNTP mode can be applied through
communication port.
In addition, a series printer port is also
reserved.
Binary Input Module (BIM)
The binary input module is used to connect
the input signals and alarm signals such as
the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker
(CB), etc.
Binary Output Module (BOM)
The binary output modules mainly provide
tripping output contacts, initiating output
contacts and signaling output contacts. All
the tripping output relays have contacts
with a high switching capacity and are
blocked by protection startup elements.
Each output relay can be configured to
satisfy the demands of users.
Power Supply Module (PSM)
The power supply module is used to
provide the correct internal voltages and
full isolation between the terminal and the
battery system.
35
Layout and dimension

Figure 23 4U, 19 case with rear cover
Table 2 Dimension of the IED case
Legend A B C D E
Dimension 177 482.6 265 320 437.2
Unit: mm

Figure 24 Cut-out on the panel
Table 3 Dimension of the cutout for IED mounting
Legend A B C D E
Dimension 450 465 101.6 178 6.5
Unit: mm
36
Typical connection
A. For one breaker of single or double busbar arrangement

Figure 25 Typical connection diagram for one breaker of single or double busbar arrangement
37
B. For one and half breaker arrangement

* * *
IA
IB
IC
UB
UA
UC
U4
IN
UN
Protection IED
a01
a02
a03
a04
b01
b02
b03
b04
a10
a09
b09
b10
a07
b07
A
B
C
A
B
C
* * *

Figure 26 Typical connection diagram for one and half breaker arrangement
38
C. For parallel lines

IA
IB
IC
UB
UA
UC
U4
IN
UN
Protection IED
A
B
C
* * *
a01
a02
a03
a04
b01
b02
b03
b04
a10
a09
b09
b10
a07
b07
* * *
INM
a05
b05

Figure 27 Typical connection diagram for parallel lines
39
Rear terminals
The rear view of the protection IED
Figure 28 Rear view of the protection IED
40
Terminals of Analogue Input Module (AIM)

The Analogue Input Module E

Figure 29 Terminals arrangement of AIM E
Table 4 Description of terminals of AIM E
Terminal
Analogue
Input
Remark
a01 I
A
Star point
b01 I
A

a02 I
B
Star point
b02 I
B

a03 I
C
Star point
b03 I
C

a04 I
N

b04 I
N
Star point
a05 I
NM

b05 I
NM
Star point
a06 Null
b06 Null
a07 U
4
Star point
b07 U
4

a08 Null
b08 Null
a09 U
B
Star point
b09 U
C
Star point
a10 U
A
Star point
b10 U
N

a11 Null
b11 Null
41
Terminals of Binary Output Module (BOM)

Binary Output Module A
The module provides 16 output relays for tripping or initiating, with total 16 contacts.
a02
R
1
a04
a06
a08
a10
a12
a14
a16
a18
a20
a22
a24
a26
a28
a30
a32
a c
c02
c04
c06
c08
c10
c12
c14
c16
c18
c20
c22
c24
c26
c28
c30
c32
R
3
R
5
R
7
R
9
R
11
R
13
R
15
R
16
R
2
R
4
R
6
R
8
R
10
R
12
R
14

Figure 30 Terminals arrangement of BOM A

42
Table 5 Definition of terminals of BOM A

Terminal Definition
Related relay
a02 Trip contact 1-0 Output relay 1
c02 Trip contact 1-1 Output relay 1

43
Binary Output Module C

The module provides 16 output relays for signal, with total 19 contacts.
a02
a04
a06
a08
a10
a12
a14
a16
a18
a20
a22
a24
a26
a28
a30
a32
a c
c02
c04
c06
c08
c10
c12
c14
c16
c18
c20
c22
c24
c26
c28
c30
c32
R
4
R
5
R
1
R
2
R
3
R
6
R
7
R
16
R
9
R
10
R
11
R
12
R
13
R
14
R
15
R
8

Figure 31 Terminals arrangement of BOM C

44
Table 6 Definition of terminals of BOM C

Terminal Definition Related relay
a02 Signal 1-0, Common terminal of signal contact group 1
c02 Signal 2-0, Common terminal of signal contact group 2
a04 Signal contact 1-1 Output relay 1
c04 Signal contact 2-1 Output relay 1
a10 Signal 3-0, Common terminal of signal contact group 3
c10 Signal 4-0, Common terminal of signal contact group 4

45
Terminals of Binary Input Module (BIM )

Binary Input Module A
Figure 32: Terminals arrangement of BIM A
Table 7 Definition of terminals of BIM A

Terminal Definition Remark
a02 BI1 BI group 1
c02 BI2 BI group 2
a04 BI3 BI group 1
c04 BI4 BI group 2
a06 BI5 BI group 1
c06 BI6 BI group 2
a08 BI7 BI group 1
c08 BI8 BI group 2
a10 BI9 BI group 1
c10 BI10 BI group 2
a12 BI11 BI group 1
c12 BI12 BI group 2
a14 BI13 BI group 1
c14 BI14 BI group 2
a16 BI15 BI group 1
c16 BI16 BI group 2
a18 BI17 BI group 1
c18 BI18 BI group 2
a20 BI19 BI group 1
c20 BI20 BI group 2
a22 BI21 BI group 1
c22 BI22 BI group 2
a24 BI23 BI group 1
c24 BI24 BI group 2
a26 BI25 BI group 1
c26 BI26 BI group 2
a28 BI27 BI group 1
c28 BI28 BI group 2
a30 BI29 BI group 1
c30 BI30 BI group 2
a32 DC - Input
Common terminal
of BI group 1
c32 DC - Input
Common terminal
of BI group 2
46
Terminals of Communication Module (COM)

Figure 33 Terminals arrangement of COM

Table 8 Definition of terminals of COM
Terminal Definition
01 Null
02 Null
03 Null
04 Null
05 Optional RS485 port - 2B
06 Optional RS485 port - 2A
07 Optional RS485 port - 1B
08 Optional RS485 port - 1A
09 Time synchronization
10 Time synchronization GND
11 Null
12 Null
13 Null
14 Null
15 Null
16 Null
Ethernet
Port A
Optional optical fiber or RJ45
port for station automation
system
Ethernet
Port B
system
Ethernet
Port C
system

47
Communication ports of CPU module (CPU)

RX
TX
RX
TX
Ch A
Ch B
Figure 34 Communication ports arrangement of

CPU module

Table 9 Definition of communication ports of
CPU module
Ports Definition
Ch A RX Remote communication channel
A optical fiber data receiving
port
Ch A TX Remote communication channel
A optical fiber data transmitting
port
Ch B RX Remote communication channel
B optical fiber data receiving
port
Ch B TX Remote communication channel
B optical fiber data transmitting
port
Note: These ports are optional.
48
Terminals of Power Supply Module (PSM)

Figure 35 Terminals arrangement of PSM

Table 10 Definition of terminals of PSM
Terminal Definition
a02 AUX.DC 24V+ output 1
c02 AUX.DC 24V+ output 2
a04 AUX.DC 24V+ output 3
c04 AUX.DC 24V+ output 4
a06 Isolated terminal, not wired
c06 Isolated terminal, not wired
a08 AUX.DC 24V- output 1
c08 AUX.DC 24V- output 2
a14 Alarm contact A1, for AUX.DC
power input failure
c14 Alarm contact A0, for AUX.DC
power input failure
a16 Alarm contact B1, for AUX.DC
power input failure
c16 Alarm contact B0, for AUX.DC
power input failure
a20 AUX. power input 1, DC +
c20 AUX. power input 2, DC +
a22 AUX. power input 3, DC +
c22 AUX. power input 4, DC +
a26 AUX. power input 1, DC -
c26 AUX. power input 2, DC -
a28 AUX. power input 3, DC -
c28 AUX. power input 4, DC -
a32 Terminal for earthing
c32 Terminal for earthing
49
Technical data
Basic data
Frequency
Item Data
System rated frequency 50 Hz or 60Hz
Internal current transformer
Item Data
Rated current I
r
1 or 5 A
Nominal current range (0.2 40)x I
r

Power consumption (per phase)
at I
r
= 1 A 0.5 VA
at I
r
= 5 A 1 VA
Thermal overload capability
at I
r
= 1 A 100 x I
r
for 1 s
30 x I
r
for 10 s
3 x I
r
continuous
at I
r
= 5 A 40 x I
r
for 1 s
30 x I
r
for 10 s
3 x I
r
continuous
Internal voltage transformer
Item Data
Rated voltage V
r
(ph-ph) 100 V /110 V
Nominal range (ph-e) 0.4 V to 120 V
Power consumption
at V
r
= 110 V 0.5 VA per phase
Thermal overload capability in voltage path
(phase-neutral voltage)
2V
r
, for 10s
1.5V
r
, continuous
50
Auxiliary voltage
Item Data
Rated auxiliary voltage V
aux
100~125V DC
195~250V DC
Permissible tolerance %20 U
aux

Power consumption
Normal operation 30 W
Tripping condition 50 W
Binary inputs
Item Data
Input voltage range 24 V DC
110/125 V DC
220/250 V DC
Response time/dropout time Software provides de-bounce time
Power consumption, energized 2mA
Binary outputs
Item Data
Max. system voltage 250V DC/AC
Current carrying capacity 5 A continuous
30 A for 0.5s making current
2000 switching cycles
Making capacity at inductive load with L/R>10 ms 1100 W(DC)
1250 VA(AC)
Breaking capacity 250 mA, 100 W resistive, for AC, cos > 0.4
50W, for DC at L/R < 40 ms
51
Type tests
Insulation test
Item Data
Standards IEC 60255-5:2000
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Voltage test (100 % test)
All circuits besides auxiliary voltage and
RS485/RS232 and time synchronization
2KV,50Hz,1min
IEC 60255-5:2000
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Auxiliary voltage 3.5 kV DC
IEC 60255-5:2000
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Communication ports and time synchronization
terminals
500V,50Hz,1min
IEC 60255-5:2000
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Impulse voltage test
all circuits, except communication ports and time
synchronization
5kV (U
i
63V) /1kV (U
i
<63V)
IEC 60255-5:2000 class III
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Insulation resistance
Insulation resistance >100 M at 500 VDC
IEC 60255-5:2000
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Electromagnetic compatibility tests
Item Data
Standards GB/T 14598.9-2002
identify IEC 60255-22-3:2000, for radiated
electromagnetic field disturbance test
52
GB/T 14598.10-2007
identify IEC 60255-22-4:2002, for electrical fast
transient/burst immunity test
GB/T 14598.13-2008
Modify from IEC 60255-22-1:2007, for 1MHz
burst immunity test
GB/T 14598.14-1998
identify IEC 60255-22-2:1996, for electrostatic
discharge test
GB/T 14598.17-2005
Identify with IEC 60255-22-6:2002, for
Conducted electromagnetic field disturbance
tests
GB/T 14598.18-2007
Identify with IEC 60255-22-5:2002, for surge
immunity test
GB/T 14598.19-2007
Identify with IEC 60255-22-7:2003, for power
frequency immunity test
GB/T 14598.20-2007
Identify with IEC 60255-26:2004, for
electromagnetic compatibility requirements
High-frequency burst disturbance test 2.5 kV (peak value); 1 MHz
test duration 2 s
IEC 60255-22-1, class III
and VDE 0435 Part 303, class III
Electrostatic discharge 8 kV contact discharge
15 kV air gap discharge
both polarities; 150 pF; R
i
= 330
IEC 60255-22-2; class IV
and EN 61000-4-2; class IV
Radio-frequency electromagnetic field disturbance
non-modulated
10V/m, 80 to 1000 MHz
amplitude-modulated
10 V/m, 80MHz to 2.7GHz
80%AM; 1 kHz
pulse-modulated
10 V/m, 900 MHz; repetition rate 200 Hz, on
duration 50 %
IEC 61000-4-3/ENV 50204, class III
Fast transient disturbance 4KV
53
IEC 60255-22-4 and IEC 61000-4-4, class IV

High-energy surge voltages (Surge)
Auxiliary voltage
2KV
radio-frequency line-conducted disturbance,
amplitude-modulated
10 V; 150 kHz to 80 MHz
AM 80 %; 1 kHz
Power frequency magnetic field test 30 A/m; 50 Hz, continuous
300 A/m; 50 Hz, 3 s
0.5 mT, 50 Hz
IEC 61000-4-8, class IV
IEC 60255-6
Oscillatory surge withstand capability test 2.5kV, 1 MHz
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1
Fast transient surge withstand capability test 4KV
5kHz
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1
Radiated electromagnetic field disturbance 10 V/m; 25 to 1000 MHz
amplitude and pulse-modulated
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.2
Damped wave 2.5 kV (peak value, polarity alternating)
100 kHz, 1 MHz, 10 and 50 MHz, R
i
= 200
IEC 60694 / IEC 61000-4-12
Radiated emission 30MHz to 1GHz ( IT device may up to 5 GHz)
CISPR11, class A
EN61000-6-4:2005
Conducted emission 0.15MHz to 80MHz
CISPR11, class A
EN61000-6-4:2005
Mechanical tests
Item Data
During operation
Standards IEC 60255-21-1:1988
IEC 60255-21-2
Vibration Sinusoidal
10 to 50 Hz; +/- 0.035 mm amplitude
50 to 150 Hz
IEC 60255-21-1, class 2
54
IEC 60068-2-6
Shock Semi-sinusoidal
Acceleration 5 g, duration 11 ms; 6 shocks in both
directions of 3 axes
IEC 60255-21-2, class 1
IEC 60068-2-27
During transportation
Standards IEC 60255-21-2
Vibration Sinusoidal
5 to 8 Hz: 7.5 mm amplitude
8 to 150 Hz; 2 g acceleration
frequency sweep 1 octave/min
20 cycles in 3 perpendicular axes
IEC 60255-21-1, class 2
IEC 60068-2-6
Shock Semi-sinusoidal
Acceleration 15 g, duration 11 ms
6 shocks in both directions of 3 axes
IEC 60255-21-2, Class 1
IEC 60068-2-27
Continuous shock Semi-sinusoidal
Acceleration 10 g, duration 16 ms
2000 shocks in both directions
of 3 axes
IEC 60255-21-2, class 1
IEC 60068-2-29
Environmental tests
Item Data
Temperatures
Type-tested , test Bd, for 16 h -25 C to +70 C
IEC 60068-2-1
IEC 60068-2-2
Recommended permanent operating temperature -10 C to +55C
IEC 60255-6
(Legibility of display may be impaired above
+55 C /+131 F)
Storage and transport temperature limit -25C~+70C
55
Humidity
Permissible humidity 95 % of relative humidity
IED design
Item Data
Case size 4U19inch
Dimensions See outline and installation dimension
drawing
Weight 10kg
Protection level IP20 class I
EN 60529
IEC 60529
CE certificate
Item Data
EMC Directive
EN 61000-6-2 and EN61000-6-4 (EMC Council
Directive 2004/108/EC)
Low voltage directive EN 60255-27 (Low-voltage directive 2006/95 EC)

56
Station communication ports

Item Data
Number 1
Connection Isolated, RS232; front panel
9-pin subminiature connector, for CSmart
Communication speed 9600 baud
Max. length of communication cable 15 m
RS485 communication port
Item Data
Number 0~2
Connection 2-wire connector
Rear port in communication module
Max. length of communication cable 1.0 km
Communication speed Factory setting 9600 baud
Min. 1200 baud, Max. 19200 baud
Ethernet communication port
Item Data
Electrical communication port
Number 0 ~ 3
Connection RJ45 connector
Max. length of communication cable 100m
IEC 61850 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
Optical communication port ( optional )
Number 0 ~ 3
Connection SC connector
57
Optical cable type Multi-mode

Max. length of communication cable 2.0km
IEC 61850 protocol
Time synchronization
Item Data
Mode Pulse mode
IRIG-B signal format IRIG-B000
Connection 2-wire connector
Voltage levels differential input

58
Fiber optic communication ports
Item Data
Number 1 ~ 2
Fiber optic cable type Single-mode
Optic wavelength 1310nm, when the transmission distance <60km
1550nm, when the transmission distance >60km
Optic received sensitivity -38dBm
Emitter electric level >-8dBm; (the transmission distance <40km)
>-4dBm; (the transmission distance 40~60km)
>-3dBm; (the transmission distance >60km)
Fiber optic connector type FC or SC, when the transmission distance <60km
SC, when the transmission distance >60km
Data transmission rate 64 kbit/s, G703
2,048 kbit/s, G703-E1
Max. transmission distance 100km

59
Functions
NOTE:
Ir: CT rated secondary current, 1A or 5A
In: nominal current of the reference side of transformer
Distance protection (ANSI 21, 21N)
Setting range
Number of settable zone 5 zones
Distance characteristic Polygonal
Resistance setting range 0.01120, step 0.01, when Ir=5A
0.05600, step 0.01, when Ir=1A
Reactance setting range 0.01120, step 0.01, when Ir=5A
0.05600, step 0.01, when Ir=1A
Delay time of distance zones 0.00 ~ 60.00s, step 0.01s
Time
Best Operation time 20ms for zone 1 of distance when fault occurs
within 0.7 time setting value
Operation time 30ms for zone 1 of distance when fault occurs
within 0.7 time setting value
Tolerance
Dynamic overreaching for zone 1 of distance
protection
5%
Tolerance of time 1% or +20 ms for other zones, when setting
time > 60ms
Measuring tolerance of fault locator (not including
errors caused by factors outside product)
+3% when fault current is greater than 0.01 Ir at
metal fault, error will become bigger when fault
occurs with greater path fault resistance
Power-swing logic (ANSI 68)
Setting range
Range of sudden-change current 0.05 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
0.25 A to 100 A when Ir=5A
Current range of power swing detection 0.05 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
60
Tele-protection (ANSI 85 21, 21N, 67N)

Time
Best operation time
Operation time
25ms Permission mode for 21/21N
30ms for 21/21N
Overcurrent protection (ANSI 50, 51, 67)
Setting range
Current pickup
0.05 A to 20.00 A, when Ir=1A
0.25 A to 100.00 A, when Ir=5A
Definite time delay 0.00 to 60.00s, step 0.01s
Directional element
Operating area range 85 of characteristic bisector
Characteristic angle 0 to 90, step 1
Directional element voltage threshold 5V
Inverse time characteristics
IEC standard Normal inverse
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Long inverse
ANSI Inverse
Short inverse
Long inverse
Moderately inverse
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Definite inverse
user-defined characteristic
_
A
(
i
I_SET
)
P
-1
+B_k
Time factor of inverse time, A 0.001 to 200.0s, step 0.001s
Delay of inverse time, B 0.000 to 60.00s, step 0.01s
Index of inverse time, P 0.005 to 10.00, step 0.005
set time Multiplier for step n: k 0.05 to 999.0, step 0.01
Time of definite time stage
Operating time 40ms, at 1.2 times of set value
Time of inverse time stage
Minimum operating time 20ms
Maximum operating time 100s
Tolerance of definite time stage
61
Current pickup 3% of set value or 0.02Ir

Angle 3
Time delay 1% set value or 40ms
Tolerance of inverse time stage
Angle 3
Time delays 5% set value + 40ms
Earth fault protection (ANSI 50N, 51N, 67N)
Setting range
Current pickup
0.05 A to 20.00 A, when Ir=1A
0.25 A to 100.00 A, when Ir=5A
Directional element
Operating area range 80 from characteristic bisector
Characteristic angle 0 to 90, step 1
Voltage threshold of zero-sequence directional
element
3U
0
= 1 V
Voltage threshold of Negative-sequence directional
element
3U
2
= 2 V
Current threshold of zero-sequence directional
element
3I
0
= 0.08In
Current threshold of Negative-sequence directional
element
3I
2
= 0.08In
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Long inverse
ANSI Inverse
Short inverse
Long inverse
Moderately inverse
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Definite inverse
_
A
(
i
I_SET
)
P
-1
+B_k
62

Angle 3
Angle 3
Emergency/backup overcurrent protection (ANSI 50, 51)
Setting range
Current pickup
0.05 A to 20.00 A, when Ir=1A
0.25 A to 100.00 A, when Ir=5A
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Long inverse
ANSI Inverse
Short inverse
Long inverse
Moderately inverse
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Definite inverse
_
A
(
i
I_SET
)
P
-1
+B_k
63

Emergency/backup earth fault protection (ANSI 50N, 51N)
Setting range
Current pickup
0.05 A to 20.00 A, when Ir=1A
0.25 A to 100.00 A, when Ir=5A
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Long inverse
ANSI Inverse
Short inverse
Long inverse
Moderately inverse
Very inverse
Extremely inverse
Definite inverse
_
A
(
i
I_SET
)
P
-1
+B_k
64

Setting range
Upper function limit (setting range)
Max current for inrush restraint
0.25 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
1.25 A to 100 A, when Ir=5A
Ratio of 2
nd
harmonic current to fundamental
component current
0.10 to 0.45, step 0.01
Cross-block (IL1, IL2, IL3) (settable time) 0.00s to 60.00 s, step 0.01s
Switch-onto-fault protection (ANSI 50HS)
Setting range
Range of phase overcurrent 0.05 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
Range of zero-sequence current 0.05 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
Delay time of phase overcurrent 0.00s to 60.00s, step 0.01s
Delay time of zero-sequence current 0.00s to 60.00s, step 0.01s
Current pickup 3% setting or 0.02Ir
Time delays 1% setting or +40ms
Breaker failure protection (ANSI 50 BF)
Setting range
Pickup of
phase current
Negative sequence current
zero sequence current
0.05 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
Delay time of stage 1 0.00s to 32.00 s, step 0.01s
Delay time of stage 2 0.10s to 32.00 s, step 0.01s
Tolerances
Pickup 3% of set value or 0.02Ir
65
Delay time 1% or 40 ms
Dead zone protection (ANSI 50SH-Z)
Setting range
Current 0.05 A to 20 A , when Ir=1A
Delay time 0.00s to 32.00s, step 0.01s
Tolerances
Delay time 1% or +40 ms
Pole discordance protection (ANSI 50PD)
Setting range
Tolerances
Delay time 1% or +40 ms
STUB protection (ANSI 50STUB)
Setting range
Tolerances
Delay time 1% or 40 ms
Undervoltage protection (ANSI 27)
Setting range
Voltage connection Phase-to-phase voltages or
phase-to-earth voltages
Pickup thresholds, phase to earth voltage 5 to 75 V , step 1 V
Pickup thresholds, phase to phase voltage 10 to 150 V, step 1 V
66
Dropout ratio 1.01 to 2.00, step 0.01

Delay time 0.00 to 120.00 s, step 0.01 s
Current criteria 0.05 A to 2.00 A, when Ir=1A
0.25 A to 10.00 A, when Ir=5A
Time
Pickup time 30 ms
Dropout time 50 ms
Tolerances
Pickup thresholds 3 % setting or 1 V
Time 1 % setting or +40 ms
Overvoltage protection (ANSI 59)

Voltage connection Phase-to-phase voltages or
phase-to-earth voltages
Pickup thresholds, phase to earth voltage 40 to 100 V, step 1 V
Pickup thresholds, phase to phase voltage 80 to 200 V, step 1 V
Dropout ratio 0.90 to 0.99, step 0.01
Delay time 0.00 to 60.00 s, step 0.01s
Tolerance
Pickup thresholds 3 % setting or 1 V
Time 1 % setting or +40 ms
Synchro-check and voltage check (ANSI 25)
Setting range
Operating mode based on ph-e voltage
Synchronization check:
Synch-check
Energizing check, and synch-check if
energizing check failure
Override
Energizing check:
Dead V4 and dead V
3Ph

Dead V4 and live V
3Ph

67
Live V4 and dead V

3Ph
Voltage threshold of dead line or bus 10 to 50 V (phase to earth), step 1 V
Voltage threshold of live line or bus 30 to 65 V (phase to earth), step 1 V
V< for dead-line / dead-bus check < Min. operating voltage Vmin
V> for live-line / live-bus check > Min. operating voltage
V-measurement Voltage difference 1 to 40 V (phase-to-earth), steps 1 V
f-measurement (f2>f1; f2<f1) 0.02 to 2.00 Hz, step, 0.01 Hz,
-measurement (2>1; 2<1) 1 to 80 , step, 1
Minimum measuring time 20 ms
Tolerance
Voltage 2 % of pickup value or 2 V
V-measurement 1V
f-measurement 15 mHz
-measurement 3
Time 1 % of setting value or 50 ms
Auto-recloser (ANSI 79)
Setting ranges
Number of recloser shots Up to 4
Shot 1 to 4 is individually selectable
AR initiating functions Internal protection functions
External binary input
Dead time, separated setting for shots 1 to 4 0.05 s to 60.00 s, step 0.01 s
Reclaim time 0.50 s to 60.00s, step 0.01 s
Blocking duration time (AR reset time) 0.05 s to 60.00s, step 0.01 s
Circuit breaker ready supervision time 0.50 s to 60.00 s, step 0.01 s
Dead time extension for synch-check (Max. SYNT
EXT)
0.05 s to 60.00 s, step 0.01 s
Tolerance
Time 1 % setting value or +50 ms
VT secondary circuit supervision (97FF)
Setting range
Minimum current 0.05 to 0.20Ir, step 0.01A
Minimum zero- or negative sequence current 0.05 to 0.20Ir, step 0.01A
Maximum phase to earth voltage 7.0V to 20.0V, step 0.01V
68
Maximum phase to phase voltage 10.0V to 30.0V, step 0.01V

Normal phase to earth voltage 40.0V to 65.0V, step 0.01V
Tolerances
Current pickup 3% setting or 0.02Ir
Voltage pickup 3% setting or 1 V

69
Ordering
Configuration of the pre-configure versions
Table 11 Functions list of the pre-configure versions
Description Selection
Pre-configure version M1 M2 M3
Application Full function
Double or
single busbar
arrangement
1
1
2
breaker
arrangement
Distance protection (21, 21N)
Power-swing function (68)
Communication scheme for distance protection
(8521,21N)

Communication scheme for earth fault protection
(8567N)

Phase segregated scheme communication logic
Overcurrent protection (50, 51, 67)
Earth fault protection (50N, 51N, 67N)
Emergency/backup overcurrent protection (50, 51)
Emergency/backup earth fault protection (50N, 51N)
Switch-onto-fault protection (50HS)
Breaker failure protection (50BF)
Poles discordance protection (50PD)
Synchro-check and energizing check (25)
Auto-recloser (79)
Single and/or three pole tripping (94)
CT secondary circuit supervision
VT secondary circuit supervision (97FF)
Hardware Quantity
Analogue current input channels 5 5 5
Analogue voltage input channels 4 4 4
70
Binary inputs 30 30 30
Binary output relays for tripping and initiation 32 32 32
Binary output relays for signal 32 32 32
Programmable LEDs 6 6 6
Case, 4U,19 1 1 1
Note:
: Standard function
: Optional function
Ordering code
Product type
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Code C S

No. Code Description
Pre-configure version
8 M; N
9 0~9
10 0~9
Language
11
C:Chinese
E: English
F: French
R: Russia
S: Spanish
P: Portuguese
Frequency
12
A: 50Hz
B: 60Hz
Rated auxiliary voltage
13
1: 100 ~125V DC
2: 195 ~250V DC
LCD
14 M: Medium size
71
Case
15 A: 4U, 19"
Terminals of Analogue Input Module
16
A: Plug in type
B: Screw type with ring lug
17,18 AIM1
EA: Analogue input module EA (5I (1A)+4U)
EB: Analogue input module EB (5I (5A)+4U)
X: Null
19 Quantity
20,21 AIM2
22 Quantity
23,24 BIM1
AA: Binary input module AA (30BI, 220V )
AB: Binary input module AB (30BI, 110V )
AC: Binary input module AB (30BI, 24V )
X: Null
25 Quantity
26,27 BIM2
28 Quantity
29 BOM1
A: Binary output module A (16 output relays for tripping)
B: Binary output module B (32 output relays for tripping,
double boards )
C: Binary output module C (16 output relays for signal, 19
contacts )
X: Null
30 Quantity
31 BOM2
32 Quantity
33 BOM3
34 Quantity
35 BOM4
36 Quantity
72
37
A: IEC61850-8 protocol and IEC60870-5-103 protocol
B: IEC60870-5-103 protocol
Communication ports
38
A: Two optical Ethernet ports and two RS485 ports
B: Two electric Ethernet ports and two RS485 ports
C: Three optical Ethernet ports and one RS485 port
D: Three electric Ethernet ports and one RS485 port
Remote communication ports quantity
39
1: one port
2: two ports
X: Null
Remote communication port type
40
A: One channel, SC type, transmission distance 60~100 km
B: One channel, SC type, transmission distance 40~60km
C: One channel, SC type, transmission distance <40 km or Multiplexed
channel
D: Two channels:
Channel A: SC type, transmission distance 60~100 km
Channel B: SC type, transmission distance 60~100 km
E: Two channels:
Channel A: SC type, transmission distance <40 km or Multiplexed
channel
Channel B: SC type, transmission distance <40 km or Multiplexed
channel
F: Two channels:
Channel B: SC type, transmission distance <40 km or Multiplexed
channel
G: Two channels:
Channel B:SC type, transmission distance <40 km or Multiplexed
channel
X: Null
41
A: IRIG-B mode
B: Pulse mode
Example:
The following ordering code means:
73
CSC-101 M01 E A 2 M A B EB1 XXX AA1 XXX A2 C2 XX XX A A 2 C A

Product type
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Code CSC-101

No. Code Description
Pre-configure version
8 M
The pre-configure version is M01 9 0
10 1
Language
11 E Language of HMI is English
Frequency
12 A System frequency is 50Hz
Rated auxiliary voltage
13 2 The rated auxiliary is 220V DC
LCD
14 M Medium size LCD
Case
15 A The IED case size is 4U, 19"
Terminals of Analogue Input Module
16 B The terminal type of analogue input module is Screw type for ring lug
17,18 EB AIM1
One AIM EB (5I (5A) +4U) is selected.
19 1 Quantity
20,21 XX AIM2
Null
22 X Quantity
74

23,24 AA BIM1
One BIM AA (30BI, 220V) is selected.
25 1 Quantity
26,27 XX BIM2
Null
28 X Quantity
29 A BOM1
Two BOM A (16 output relays for tripping) are selected.
30 2 Quantity
31 C BOM2
Two BOM C (16 output relays for signal, 19 contacts) are
selected.
32 2 Quantity
33 X BOM3
Null
34 X Quantity
35 X BOM4
Null
36 X Quantity
37 A
The communication protocols, IEC61850-8 protocol and IEC60870-5-103
protocol, are applied.
Communication ports
38 A Two optical Ethernet ports and two RS485 ports are selected
Remote communication ports quantity
39 2 Two remote communication ports are ordered.
Remote communication port type
40 C
C: One channel, SC type, transmission distance <40 km or Multiplexed
channel
41 A The time synchronization mode is IRIG-B mode

CSC-101 Line Protection IED Protection Guide

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CSC-101 Line Protection IED Protection Guide

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CSC-101

Line Protection IED

Evolving fault logic

selected to communicate with

Isolated RS232 port

of load current and/or fault resistance

zone of distance protection

X_ZnPE: Reactance reach setting for phase

Tele-protection communication scheme for

all times for simultaneous faults on the

The earth fault protection adopts zero

Emergency/backup overcurrent protection

One definite time earth fault protection

The protection can be single- or

Secondary system supervision

Figure 15 Connection example for multi-networks of station automation system

All IEDs feature a permanently integrated

Figure 18 Double channels, communication through dedicated fiber optical cable

Figure 20 Double channels, communication through digital communication network

Analogue Input Module (AIM)

Layout and dimension

B. For one and half breaker arrangement

C. For parallel lines

Terminals of Analogue Input Module (AIM)

Terminals of Binary Output Module (BOM)

Table 5 Definition of terminals of BOM A

Binary Output Module C

Table 6 Definition of terminals of BOM C

Terminals of Binary Input Module (BIM )

Figure 32: Terminals arrangement of BIM A

Table 7 Definition of terminals of BIM A

Terminals of Communication Module (COM)

Communication ports of CPU module (CPU)

Figure 34 Communication ports arrangement of

Terminals of Power Supply Module (PSM)

IEC 60255-22-4 and IEC 61000-4-4, class IV

Station communication ports

Optical cable type Multi-mode

Tele-protection (ANSI 85 21, 21N, 67N)

Current pickup 3% of set value or 0.02Ir

Index of inverse time, P 0.005 to 10.00, step 0.005

Time of definite time stage

Tolerance of definite time stage

Dropout ratio 1.01 to 2.00, step 0.01

Live V4 and dead V

Maximum phase to phase voltage 10.0V to 30.0V, step 0.01V

CSC-101 M01 E A 2 M A B EB1 XXX AA1 XXX A2 C2 XX XX A A 2 C A

Binary Input Module (BIM)

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