UNIT 7: When explaining a dianosis, a patient would expect you to answer the following questions: 1.

whats the cause of my problem? 2. How serious is it? 3. What are you going to do about it? 4. What are the chances of a full recovery? Unit 7 deals with the questions 3 and 4: Advising: Doctor advices on the duration of the treatment: eg. Youll need to rest for a couple of days. Doctor tells the patient how he/she must conduct him/herself during treatment: eg. You should rest for a few days. I advise you to give up smoking Youll have to cut down on fatty foods You must rest You should sleep on a hard mattress If you get up, all your weight will press down on the disc Dont sit up to eat Expressing regret Im afraid that...... (the operation has not been successfull Im sorry to have to tell you that .....(your father has little chance of recovery) SCRIPT: Task 2: Patient: Do I have to rest completely? I really just want painkillers so I can get back to work. Doctor: Because the pain is so bad at the moment, you should rest for a day or two, but its really not good to rest for longer than that. Your back is designed for movement so you must stay active to keep healthy. If you rest for a long time, your muscles will get weaker and the pain will feel worse. Ill give you painkillers so you can soon become active again. Take them every six hours. Dont wait until the pain is out of control. And Ill refer you to physiotherapy for advice on specific exercises. Patient: Will I need to be off work? Doctor: Youll need a few days off work because of the job you do but well get back to work as soon as possible. Task 3: 1. A hypersensitive 50-year-old director of a small company Doctor:

The condition you have requires to be controlled to prevent future damage to the body, especially the blood vessels. If its not controlled, you can have certain serious illnesses such as a heart attack or a stroke. Treatment is therefore to prevent illness developing because Im sure that you dont feel ill at the moment. Youll have to take tablets, or medicine, but youll also have to modify some of your habits. For instance, you must stop smoking. 2. An insulin-dependent 11-year-old girl accompanied by her parents. Doctor: Now Elizabeth, the trouble with you is that youre not making a substance that you need to control the amount of sugar in your blood. If you have too much sugar or too litttle sugar, itll make you feel very ill and well have to replace this each day. It means that youll have to have a jab because it doesnt work properly if we give it to you in a tablet. Now your mother here will go with you to see the nurse and shell show you how to do it. Many other boys and girls, some much younger than you, soon learn to do it, so you neednt feel frightened.

3. A 65-year-old schoolteacher with osteoarthritis of the left hip Doctor: This condition is really like the wear and tear of a hinge. The joint is becoming stiff and painful because its roughened by inflammation. Fortunately, as youre now retired, youll be able to modify your life so that it doesnt trouble you so much. Ill prescribe tablets which will help the pain and stiffness and, although this wont cure it, it will control the discomfort. Patient: Right Doctor: If in the future, it gets more troublesome, we can always consider an operation which will get rid of the pain. 4. A 23-year-old sales representative affected by epilepsy Doctor: Unfortunately, the attacks youve been having are shown to be quite severe. Theyre caused by abnormal electrical activity in your brain. This is called epilepsy. But we can help you to stop having these fits. Ill prescribe tablets for you. These will control the condition as long as youre taking them. Patient: Right Doctor: Now, its most imprtant that you take them regularly and dont forget. The problem as far as youre concerned is that youre not permitted to drive for at least one year after your last attack. Youll have to consider changing your job. You must tell your employer about your condition. 5. A 52-year-old cook with carcinoma of the bowel Doctor:

The tests show that youve got a nasty growth in the bowel which will have to be removed. Its far too dangerous to leave it. The operation has every chance of removing the disease. The exact type of operation, however, will depend on what the surgeon finds in the operation. Theres a possibility that you may hae to have an opening made on the skin of your abdomen. This is something a lot of people can cope with and it may only be temporary. 6. A 27-year-old teacher of handicapped children suffering from a depressive illness. Doctor: I know that you feel this illness is something which affects your whole life. Its called depression and we think its due to chemical changes in the brain. Now its not something you can pull yourself out of youll need help in the way of psychotherapy and drugs as well. You may think that nobody else has ever felt like youre feeling, but let me assure you that this is quite a common condition. You will get well again,k although it will take some weeks to feel improvement. Often its possible to continue in your routine of work because this gives you something rewarding to do while youre getting better. Youll get a medicine to take which will take some weeks to work so dont be more despondent if at first it doesnt seem to be helping 7. A 6-year-old baby boy suffering from atopic eczema, accompanied by his parents. Doctor: This skin problem your baby has isnt an infection so he cant give it to anybody else. Its a condition which affects the skin and will require ointments from time to time. Sometimes it will seem better and then it may flare up again. Its not absolutely certain what causes this problem but it can be hereditary. Task 5: Doctor: Now Mr Jameson, here is a prescription for some tablets which you are to take two of every six hours. Try to take them after meals if possible in case they cause you indigestion. You can take them during the night as well if you are awake with the pain.

Meanings: Painkillers: obat penahan rasa sakit hypertensive: jab: suntikan inflammation: inflamasi/ prescribe: memberi resep obat prescription: resep discomfort: kurang nyaman troublesome: menyusahkan/merepotkan severe: parah quite severe: agak parah nasty : jelek/jahat ointment: salep hereditary: keturunan

Answers: Task 4: a. 6 hrly b. for pain c. 100 tablets d. dihydrocodeine BP e. give f. tablets g. write/label h. after food/meals Task 5: 1. tablets 2. two 3. six 4. after 5. food/meals 6. can 7. pain Task 6. 1. Patient 3 2. Patient 6 3. Patient 5 4. Patient 2 5. Patient 1 6. Patient 7 7. Patient 4 a. twice a day b. three times a day c. with food d. in the morning Task 16: A. Freetext 1. drug 2. treatment 3.baldness 4. limb 5. stroke 6. heart attack 7. bleeding nose 8. athletes foot 9. boils 10. blood poisoning 11. cancer 12. miscarriage B. MeSH term Pharmaceutical preparation Therapy, therapeutics alopecia Extremities Cerebrovascular accident Myocardial infarction Epistaxis Tinea pedis Furunculosis septicemia neoplasms Abortion, spontaneous

Task 17: 1. treatment AND cluster headaches 2. lung neoplasms AND non-smokers AND incidence Select Gender: Male from the Limit menus 3. therapy AND nasal furnculosis 4. neurological damage AND sheep farmers AND organophosphorous pesticides 5. disease risk AND birds NOT pigeon 6. asbestosis AND shipyard workers 7. risk AND breast neoplasms AND hormone-replacement therapy AND oestrogens NOT oestrogen-progestogen 8.. tattoos AND hepatitis 9. cannabis AND amnesia 10. cholesterol reduction AND statins Task 18: Abstract A B C D Citation 2 4 5 3