16 V Auto-Zero, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers AD8638/AD8639

FEATURES
Low offset voltage: 9 V maximum Offset drift: 0.04 V/C maximum Rail-to-rail output swing 5 V to 16 V single-supply or 2.5 V to 8 V dual-supply operation High gain: 136 dB typical High CMRR: 133 dB typical High PSRR: 143 dB typical Very low input bias current: 40 pA maximum Low supply current: 1.3 mA maximum AD8639: qualified for automotive applications

PIN CONFIGURATIONS
OUT 1 V 2 +IN 3

AD8638
TOP VIEW (Not to Scale)

V+

IN

Figure 1. 5-Lead SOT-23 (RJ-5)

NC 1 IN 2 +IN 3
8

NC V+

AD8638

NC = NO CONNECT

APPLICATIONS
Pressure and position sensors Strain gage amplifiers Medical instrumentation Thermocouple amplifiers Automotive sensors Precision references Precision current sensing

Figure 2. 8-Lead SOIC_N (R-8)

OUT A 1 IN A 2 +IN A 3 V 4
8

V+ OUT B
06895-203
06895-204

AD8639
TOP VIEW (Not to Scale)

7 6 5

IN B +IN B

Figure 3. 8-Lead MSOP (RM-8) 8-Lead SOIC_N (R-8)

PIN 1 INDICATOR

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD8638/AD8639 are single and dual wide bandwidth, auto-zero amplifiers featuring rail-to-rail output swing and low noise. These amplifiers have very low offset, drift, and bias current. Operation is fully specified from 5 V to 16 V single supply (2.5 V to 8 V dual supply). The AD8638/AD8639 provide benefits previously found only in expensive zero-drift or chopper-stabilized amplifiers. Using the Analog Devices, Inc., topology, these auto-zero amplifiers combine low cost with high accuracy and low noise. No external capacitors are required. In addition, the AD8638/AD8639 greatly reduce the digital switching noise found in most chopperstabilized amplifiers. With a typical offset voltage of only 3 V, drift of 0.01 V/C, and noise of 1.2 V p-p (0.1 Hz to 10 Hz), the AD8638/AD8639 are suited for applications in which error sources cannot be tolerated. Position and pressure sensors, medical equipment, and strain gage amplifiers benefit greatly from nearly zero drift over their operating temperature ranges. Many systems can take advantage of the rail-to-rail output swing provided by the AD8638/AD8639 to maximize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

OUT A IN A +IN A v

1 2 3 4

8 V+ 7 OUT B 6 IN B 5 +IN B

AD8639
TOP VIEW (Not to Scale)

NOTES 1. PIN 4 AND THE EXPOSED PAD MUST BE CONNECTED TO V.

Figure 4. 8-Lead LFCSP_WD (CP-8-5)

The AD8638/AD8639 are specified for the extended industrial temperature range (40C to +125C). The single AD8638 is available in tiny 5-lead SOT-23 and 8-lead SOIC packages. The dual AD8639 is available in 8-lead MSOP, 8-lead SOIC, and 8-lead LFCSP packages. See the Ordering Guide for automotive grades. The AD8638/AD8639 are members of a growing series of autozero op amps offered by Analog Devices (see Table 1). Table 1. Auto-Zero Op Amps
Supply Single Dual Quad 2.7 V to 5 V AD8628 AD8629 AD8630 2.7 V to 5 V Low Power AD8538 AD8539 5 V to 16 V AD8638 AD8639

Rev. F
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 20072010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.

06895-002

6 OUT TOP VIEW V 4 (Not to Scale) 5 NC

06895-001

AD8638/AD8639 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Features .............................................................................................. 1 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Pin Configurations ........................................................................... 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Electrical Characteristics5 V Operation................................ 3 Electrical Characteristics16 V Operation ............................. 4 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 5 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 5 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 14 1/f Noise ....................................................................................... 14 Input Voltage Range ................................................................... 14 Output Phase Reversal ............................................................... 14 Overload Recovery Time .......................................................... 14 Infrared Sensors.......................................................................... 15 Precision Current Shunt Sensor ............................................... 15 Output Amplifier for High Precision DACs ........................... 15 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 16 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 18 Automotive Products ................................................................. 18

REVISION HISTORY
6/10Rev. E to Rev. F Changes to Features Section and General Description Section . 1 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 16 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 18 Added Automotive Products Section .......................................... 18 6/09Rev. D to Rev. E Changes to Figure 4 .......................................................................... 1 Changes to Endnote 1 and Endnote 2, Table 4 ............................. 5 Changes to Input Voltage Range Section .................................... 14 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 16 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 18 12/08Rev. C to Rev. D Changes to Endnote 1, Table 4 ........................................................ 5 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 28 5/08Rev. B to Rev. C Added LFCSP_WD Package ............................................. Universal Inserted Figure 4; Renumbered Sequentially ................................ 1 Changes to Layout ............................................................................ 1 Changes to General Description .................................................... 1 Changes to Offset Voltage Drift for All Packages Except SOT-23 Parameter in Table 2 ......................................................................... 3 Changes to Table 5 ............................................................................ 5 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 16 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 17 4/08Rev. A to Rev. B Added AD8639 ................................................................... Universal Added 8-lead MSOP Package ........................................... Universal Changes to Features ..........................................................................1 Changes to General Description .....................................................1 Changes Table 2 .................................................................................3 Changes to Table 3.............................................................................4 Changes to Table 4, Added Endnote 1 and Endnote 2 .................5 Changes to Figure 4 through Figure 9 ............................................6 Changes to Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 14, and Figure 15..........7 Changes to Figure 16 through Figure 27 ........................................8 Changes to Figure 28 through Figure 33 ..................................... 10 Changes to Figure 34 through Figure 39 ..................................... 11 Changes to Figure 41 and Figure 44............................................. 12 Inserted Figure 46, Figure 47, Figure 49, and Figure 50; Renumbered Sequentially ............................................................. 13 Changes to Figure 51, Figure 52, and Figure 53 ......................... 15 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 16 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 17 11/07Rev. 0 to Rev. A Change to Large Signal Voltage Gain Specification ......................4 11/07Revision 0: Initial Version

Rev. F | Page 2 of 20

AD8638/AD8639 SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS5 V OPERATION
VSY = 5 V, VCM = VSY/2, TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted. Table 2.
Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Symbol VOS 40C TA +125C 0.1 V VCM +3.0 V 40C TA +125C Input Bias Current IB 40C TA +85C 40C TA +125C Input Offset Current IOS 40C TA +85C 40C TA +125C 40C TA +125C VCM = 0 V to 3 V 40C TA +125C RL = 10 k, VO = 0.5 V to 4.5 V 40C TA +125C 40C TA +125C 40C TA +125C Conditions Min Typ 3 3 1.5 7 45 7 7 16.5 0.1 118 118 120 119 133 136 0.01 0.04 22.5 4 1.7 4.97 4.97 4.90 4.86 4.985 4.93 7.5 32 19 4.2 127 125 143 1.0 1.3 1.5 10 15 40 55 0.06 0.15 Max 9 23 9 23 40 40 105 40 40 60 +3 Unit V V V V pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB dB dB V/C V/C T pF pF V V V V mV mV mV mV mA dB dB mA mA V/s s s MHz Degrees V p-p nV/Hz

Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Large Signal Voltage Gain Offset Voltage Drift for All Packages Except SOT-23 Offset Voltage Drift for SOT-23 Input Resistance Input Capacitance, Differential Mode Input Capacitance, Common Mode OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High

CMRR AVO VOS/T VOS/T RIN CINDM CINCM VOH

Output Voltage Low

VOL

Short-Circuit Current Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio Supply Current per Amplifier DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% Overload Recovery Time Gain Bandwidth Product Phase Margin NOISE PERFORMANCE Voltage Noise Voltage Noise Density

ISC ZOUT PSRR ISY

RL = 10 k to VCM 40C TA +125C RL = 2 k to VCM 40C TA +125C RL = 10 k to VCM 40C TA +125C RL = 2 k to VCM 40C TA +125C TA = 25C f = 100 kHz, AV = 1 VSY = 4.5 V to 16 V 40C TA +125C IO = 0 mA 40C TA +125C RL = 10 k, CL = 20 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 2 V step, CL = 20 pF, RL = 1 k, AV = 1 RL = 2 k, CL = 20 pF, AV = 1 RL = 2 k, CL = 20 pF, AV = 1 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz
Rev. F | Page 3 of 20

SR tS GBP M en p-p en

2.5 3 50 1.35 70 1.2 60

AD8638/AD8639
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS16 V OPERATION
VSY = 16 V, VCM = VSY/2, TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted. Table 3.
Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Symbol VOS 40C TA +125C 0.1 V VCM +14 V 40C TA +125C Input Bias Current IB 40C TA +85C 40C TA +125C Input Offset Current IOS 40C TA +85C 40C TA +125C 40C TA +125C VCM = 0 V to 14 V 40C TA +125C RL = 10 k, VO = 0.5 V to 15.5 V 40C TA +125C 40C TA +125C 40C TA +125C Conditions Min Typ 3 3 1 4 85 20 20 50 0.1 127 127 130 130 142 147 0.03 0.04 22.5 4 1.7 15.94 15.93 15.77 15.70 15.96 15.82 30 120 37 3.0 127 125 143 1.25 1.5 1.7 40 60 140 200 0.06 0.15 Max 9 23 9 23 75 75 250 70 75 150 +14 Unit V V V V pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB dB dB V/C V/C T pF pF V V V V mV mV mV mV mA dB dB mA mA V/s s s MHz Degrees V p-p nV/Hz

Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Large Signal Voltage Gain Offset Voltage Drift for All Packages Except SOT-23 Offset Voltage Drift for SOT-23 Input Resistance Input Capacitance, Differential Mode Input Capacitance, Common Mode OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High

CMRR AVO VOS/T VOS/T RIN CINDM CINCM VOH

Output Voltage Low

VOL

Short-Circuit Current Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio Supply Current per Amplifier DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% Overload Recovery Time Gain Bandwidth Product Phase Margin NOISE PERFORMANCE Voltage Noise Voltage Noise Density

ISC ZOUT PSRR ISY

RL = 10 k to VCM 40C TA +125C RL = 2 k to VCM 40C TA +125C RL = 10 k to VCM 40C TA +125C RL = 2 k to VCM 40C TA +125C TA = 25C f = 100 kHz, AV = 1 VSY = 4.5 V to 16 V 40C TA +125C IO = 0 mA 40C TA +125C RL = 10 k, CL = 20 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 4 V step, CL = 20 pF, RL = 1 k, AV = 1 RL = 2 k, CL = 20 pF, AV = 1 RL = 2 k, CL = 20 pF, AV = 1 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz

SR tS GBP M en p-p en

2 4 50 1.5 74 1.2 60

Rev. F | Page 4 of 20

AD8638/AD8639 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Table 4.
Parameter Supply Voltage Input Voltage Input Current1 Differential Input Voltage2 Output Short-Circuit Duration to GND Storage Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 60 sec)
1

THERMAL RESISTANCE
Rating 16 V GND 0.3 V to VSY+ + 0.3 V 10 mA VSY Indefinite 65C to +150C 40C to +125C 65C to +150C 300C

Table 5. Thermal Resistance

Package Type 5-Lead SOT-23 (RJ-5) 8-Lead SOIC_N (R-8) 8-Lead MSOP (RM-8) 8-Lead LFCSP_WD (CP-8-5)2
1

JA1 230 158 206 75

JC 146 43 44 18

Unit C/W C/W C/W C/W

JA is specified for the worst-case conditions, that is, a device soldered in a circuit board for surface-mount packages. This was measured using a standard two-layer board. 2 Exposed pad is soldered to the application board.

Input pins have clamp diodes to the supply pins. Input current should be limited to 10 mA or less whenever input signals exceed either power supply rail by 0.3 V. 2 Inputs are protected against high differential voltages by internal 1 k series resistors and back-to-back diode-connected N-MOSFETs (with a typical VT of 1.25 V for VCM of 0 V).

ESD CAUTION

Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Rev. F | Page 5 of 20

AD8638/AD8639 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
1400 VSY = 5V 0V VCM +3V 1200 5000 6000 VSY = 16V 0V VCM +14V

NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS

1000

NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS

4000

800 600

3000

2000

400

200
06895-003

1000

0 VOS (V)

10

0 VOS (V)

10

Figure 5. Input Offset Voltage Distribution

Figure 8. Input Offset Voltage Distribution

25 VSY = 2.5V 40C TA +125C SOIC PACKAGE 20

NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS

12 VSY = 8V 40C TA +125C SOIC PACKAGE

10

NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS

15

10

06895-004

12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40

12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40

TCVOS (nV/C)

TCVOS (nV/C)

Figure 6. Input Offset Voltage Drift Distribution

Figure 9. Input Offset Voltage Drift Distribution

10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5

10.0
VSY = 5V 0.5V VCM +3.9V

7.5 5.0 2.5

VOS (V)

VOS (V)

0 2.5 5.0 7.5

06895-005

0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 0.5 VSY = 16V 0.5V VCM +14.5V 1.0 2.5 4.0 5.5 7.0 VCM (V) 8.5 10.0 11.5 13.0 14.5
06895-008

10.0 0.5

0.5

1.5 2.0 VCM (V)

2.5

3.0

3.5

Figure 7. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage

Figure 10. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage

Rev. F | Page 6 of 20

06895-007

06895-006

0 10

0 10

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
100 VSY = 2.5V
100 VSY = 8V

10

10
IB (pA)
IB (pA)

1
0.1

0.1 25

50

75 TEMPERATURE (C)

100

125

0.01 25

50

75 TEMPERATURE (C)

100

125

Figure 11. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature

Figure 14. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature

10k

10k

OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV)

1k

OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV)

VSY = 2.5V

VSY = 8V

1k

100

VDD VOH

VDD VOH 100

10

VOL VSS

VOL VSS 10

0.01

0.1 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA)

10

100

0.01

0.1 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA)

10

100

Figure 12. Output Voltage to Supply Rail vs. Load Current

Figure 15. Output Voltage to Supply Rail vs. Load Current

120

250

100

VDD VOH

OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV)

VSY = 5V RL = 2k

VSY = 16V RL = 2k 200

80

150

VDD VOH

60

100

VOL

40

20

VOL

50

06895-010

25

25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (C)

100

125

25

25 50 TEMPERATURE (C)

75

100

125

Figure 13. Output Voltage to Supply Rail vs. Temperature

Figure 16. Output Voltage to Supply Rail vs. Temperature

Rev. F | Page 7 of 20

06895-013

0 40

0 40

06895-012

06895-009

0.1 0.001

1 0.001

06895-118

06895-117

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
120 100 80 60 40 GAIN CL = 20pF PHASE 120 100 80 60 120 100 80 60 PHASE 120 100 80 60 GAIN CL = 20pF

PHASE (Degrees)

GAIN (dB)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1k VSY = 2.5V RL = 2k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M CL = 200pF

0 20 40 60 80 100

GAIN (dB)

20

20

20 0 20 40 60 80 100 VSY = 8V RL = 2k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

20 0 20

CL = 200pF

40 60 80 100

06895-016

1M

Figure 17. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency

60 VSY = 2.5V RL = 2k CL = 20pF

Figure 20. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency

60 VSY = 8V RL = 2k CL = 20pF

40

AV = +100

40
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB)

AV = +100

CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB)

20

AV = +10

20

AV = +10

AV = +1

AV = +1

20

20

06895-018

10k

100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

10k

100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

Figure 18. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency

1k VSY = 2.5V

Figure 21. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency

1k VSY = 8V

100 AV = 10

100 AV = 10
ZOUT ()

ZOUT ()

10 AV = 100 AV = +1 1

10 AV = 100 AV = +1

06895-100

0.1 100

1k

10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

0.1 100

1k

10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

Figure 19. Output Impedance vs. Frequency

Figure 22. Output Impedance vs. Frequency

Rev. F | Page 8 of 20

06895-119

06895-019

40 1k

40 1k

06895-017

120 10M

120 1k

120 10M

PHASE (Degrees)

40

40

40

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
140 VSY = 2.5V 120
120 140 VSY = 8V

100
CMRR (dB)
CMRR (dB)

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20
06895-113

20
06895-120 06895-127 06895-112

0 100

1k

10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

0 100

1k

10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

Figure 23. CMRR vs. Frequency

Figure 26. CMRR vs. Frequency

120 VSY = 2.5V 100

120 VSY = 8V 100

80
PSRR (dB)
PSRR (dB)

80 PSRR+

PSRR+ 60 PSRR 40

60 PSRR 40

20

20

0
06895-111

20 10

100

1k

10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

20 10

100

1k

10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz)

1M

10M

Figure 24. PSRR vs. Frequency

Figure 27. PSRR vs. Frequency

80 70 60
OVERSHOOT (%)

VSY = 2.5V RL = 10k

80 70 60

VSY = 8V RL = 10k

50 40 30 20 10 0 10
06895-126

OVERSHOOT (%)

50 40 30 20 10 0 10

OS+ OS

OS+ OS

100 LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)

1k

100 LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)

1k

Figure 25. Small Signal Overshoot vs. Load Capacitance

Figure 28. Small Signal Overshoot vs. Load Capacitance

Rev. F | Page 9 of 20

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
VSY = 2.5V AV = +1 CL = 200pF RL = 10k VSY = 8V AV = +1 CL = 200pF RL = 10k

VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV)

06895-101

VOLTAGE (2V/DIV)

TIME (2s/DIV)

TIME (2s/DIV)

Figure 29. Large Signal Transient Response

Figure 32. Large Signal Transient Response

VSY = 2.5V AV = +1 CL = 200pF RL = 10k

VSY = 8V AV = +1 CL = 200pF RL = 10k

VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV)

06895-103

VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV)

TIME (2s/DIV)

TIME (2s/DIV)

Figure 30. Small Signal Transient Response

Figure 33. Small Signal Transient Response

0.05 INPUT VOLTAGE 0

0.05 INPUT VOLTAGE 0

INPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV)

INPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (1V/DIV)

06895-104

06895-102

0.05 0.10 0.15

VSY = 2.5V AV = 100

0.05 0.10 0.15

VSY = 8V AV = 100

3 2 1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0 1 TIME (10s/DIV)

10 5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0 5 TIME (10s/DIV)

06895-132

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (5V/DIV)

06895-133

Figure 31. Negative Overload Recovery

Figure 34. Negative Overload Recovery

Rev. F | Page 10 of 20

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
0.15 0.10 VSY = 2.5V AV = 100 0.15 0.10 VSY = 8V AV = 100

INPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV)

INPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (1V/DIV)

0.05 0 0.05 OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0 1 2 3 TIME (10s/DIV) INPUT VOLTAGE

0.05 0 0.05 INPUT VOLTAGE

5 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE 5 10 15 TIME (10s/DIV)

06895-134

Figure 35. Positive Overload Recovery

Figure 38. Positive Overload Recovery

INPUT

INPUT

1V/DIV

ERROR BAND

+2mV OUTPUT 0
06895-136

2V/DIV

+2mV ERROR BAND OUTPUT 0

06895-137 06895-139

2mV VSY = 2.5V TIME (4s/DIV)

2mV VSY = 8V TIME (4s/DIV)

Figure 36. Positive Settling Time to 0.1%

Figure 39. Positive Settling Time to 0.1%

INPUT

INPUT

1V/DIV

+2mV OUTPUT 0 ERROR BAND VSY = 2.5V TIME (4s/DIV)

06895-138

2V/DIV

+2mV OUTPUT 0 ERROR BAND VSY = 8V TIME (4s/DIV) 2mV

2mV

Figure 37. Negative Settling Time to 0.1%

Figure 40. Negative Settling Time to 0.1%

Rev. F | Page 11 of 20

06895-135

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (5V/DIV)

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
1k VSY = 2.5V

1k VSY = 8V

VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz)

VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz)

100

100

10 1 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 25k

06895-114

10 1 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 25k

Figure 41. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency

Figure 44. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency

1.5 VSY = 2.5V

INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (0.5V/DIV)

1.5 VSY = 8V 1.0

1.0 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (V)

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

1.0

1.0

06895-043

4 5 6 TIME (Seconds)

10

4 5 6 TIME (Seconds)

10

Figure 42. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Noise

Figure 45. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Noise

1400
1250 +125C SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 1000 +85C +25C 750 40C 500

1200 VSY = 8V SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 1000 800 600 400 200
06895-014

VSY = 2.5V

250

7 8 9 VSY (V)

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

25

10

20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (C)

80

95

110

125

Figure 43. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage

Figure 46. Supply Current vs. Temperature

Rev. F | Page 12 of 20

06895-125

0 40

06895-044

1.5

1.5

06895-115

AD8638/AD8639
TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
0 VSY = 8V AV = 10 20
CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB)
20 0 VSY = 8V AV = 100

CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB)

40

40

60

60 RL = 2k 80

80

RL = 2k

100 RL = 10k 120

100 120

RL = 10k

06895-147

1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz)

100k

140 100

1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz)

100k

Figure 47. Channel Separation vs. Frequency

Figure 50. Channel Separation vs. Frequency

0.1 VSY = 8V AV = +1 RL = 2k

0.1 VS = 8V AV = +1 RL = 10k

THD + NOISE (%)

THD + NOISE (%)

0.01
VIN = 1V rms

0.01 VIN = 1V rms

VIN = 3V rms 0.001

0.001

VIN = 3V rms

06895-149

06895-148 06895-150

140 100

0.0001 10

100

1k FREQUENCY (Hz)

10k

100k

0.0001 10

100

1k FREQUENCY (Hz)

10k

100k

Figure 48. THD + Noise vs. Frequency

Figure 51. THD + Noise vs. Frequency

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VCM (V) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 VSY = 16V TA = 125C

IB (pA)

Figure 49. Input Bias Current vs. Input Common-Mode Voltage

06895-034

Rev. F | Page 13 of 20

AD8638/AD8639 THEORY OF OPERATION

The AD8638/AD8639 are single-supply and dual-supply, ultrahigh precision, rail-to-rail output operational amplifiers. The typical offset voltage of 3 V allows the amplifiers to be easily configured for high gains without risk of excessive output voltage errors. The extremely small temperature drift of 30 nV/C ensures a minimum offset voltage error over the entire temperature range of 40C to +125C, making the amplifiers ideal for a variety of sensitive measurement applications in harsh operating environments. The AD8638/AD8639 achieve a high degree of precision through a patented auto-zeroing topology. This unique topology allows the AD8638/AD8639 to maintain low offset voltage over a wide temperature range and over the operating lifetime. The AD8638/AD8639 also optimize the noise and bandwidth over previous generations of auto-zero amplifiers, offering the lowest voltage noise of any auto-zero amplifier by more than 50%. Previous designs used either auto-zeroing or chopping to add precision to the specifications of an amplifier. Auto-zeroing results in low noise energy at the auto-zeroing frequency, at the expense of higher low frequency noise due to aliasing of wideband noise into the auto-zeroed frequency band. Chopping results in lower low frequency noise at the expense of larger noise energy at the chopping frequency. The AD8638/AD8639 use both auto-zeroing and chopping in a patented ping-pong arrangement to obtain lower low frequency noise together with lower energy at the chopping and auto-zeroing frequencies, maximizing the SNR for the majority of applications without the need for additional filtering. The relatively high clock frequency of 15 kHz simplifies filter requirements for a wide, useful, noise-free bandwidth. The AD8638 is among the few auto-zero amplifiers offered in the 5-lead SOT-23 package. This provides significant improvement over the ac parameters of previous auto-zero amplifiers. The AD8638/AD8639 have low noise over a relatively wide bandwidth (0 Hz to 10 kHz) and can be used where the highest dc precision is required. In systems with signal bandwidths ranging from 5 kHz to 10 kHz, the AD8638/AD8639 provide true 16-bit accuracy, making this device the best choice for very high resolution systems. The internal elimination of 1/f noise is accomplished as follows: 1/f noise appears as a slowly varying offset to AD8638/AD8639 inputs. Auto-zeroing corrects any dc or low frequency offset. Therefore, the 1/f noise component is essentially removed, leaving the AD8638/AD8639 free of 1/f noise.

INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE

The AD8638/AD8639 are not rail-to-rail input amplifiers; therefore, care is required to ensure that both inputs do not exceed the input voltage range. Under normal negative feedback operating conditions, the amplifier corrects its output to ensure that the two inputs are at the same voltage. However, if either input exceeds the input voltage range, the loop opens and large currents begin to flow through the ESD protection diodes in the amplifier. These diodes are connected between the inputs and each supply rail to protect the input transistors against an electrostatic discharge event, and they are normally reverse-biased. However, if the input voltage exceeds the supply voltage, these ESD diodes can become forward-biased. Without current limiting, excessive amounts of current may flow through these diodes, causing permanent damage to the device. If inputs are subject to overvoltage, insert appropriate series resistors to limit the diode current to less than 10 mA maximum.

OUTPUT PHASE REVERSAL

Output phase reversal occurs in some amplifiers when the input common-mode voltage range is exceeded. As common-mode voltage is moved outside the common-mode range, the outputs of these amplifiers can suddenly jump in the opposite direction to the supply rail. This is the result of the differential input pair shutting down, causing a radical shifting of internal voltages that results in the erratic output behavior. The AD8638/AD8639 amplifiers have been carefully designed to prevent any output phase reversal if both inputs are maintained within the specified input voltage range. If one or both inputs exceed the input voltage range but remain within the supply rails, an internal loop opens and the output varies. Therefore, the inputs should always be less than at least 2 V below the positive supply.

1/f NOISE
1/f noise, also known as pink noise, is a major contributor to errors in dc-coupled measurements. This 1/f noise error term can be in the range of several microvolts or more and, when amplified by the closed-loop gain of the circuit, can show up as a large output signal. For example, when an amplifier with 5 V p-p 1/f noise is configured for a gain of 1000, its output has 5 mV of error due to the 1/f noise. However, the AD8638/AD8639 eliminate 1/f noise internally and thus significantly reduce output errors.

OVERLOAD RECOVERY TIME

Many auto-zero amplifiers are plagued by a long overload recovery time, often in milliseconds, due to the complicated settling behavior of the internal nulling loops after saturation of the outputs. The AD8638/AD8639 are designed so that internal settling occurs within two clock cycles after output saturation happens. This results in a much shorter recovery time, less than 50 s, when compared to other auto-zero amplifiers. The wide bandwidth of the AD8638/AD8639 enhances performance when the parts are used to drive loads that inject transients into the outputs. This is a common situation when an amplifier is used to drive the input of switched capacitor ADCs.

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AD8638/AD8639
INFRARED SENSORS
Infrared (IR) sensors, particularly thermopiles, are increasingly used in temperature measurement for applications as wide ranging as automotive climate control, human ear thermometers, home insulation analysis, and automotive repair diagnostics. The relatively small output signal of the sensor demands high gain with very low offset voltage and drift to avoid dc errors. If interstage ac coupling is used, as shown in Figure 52, low offset and drift prevent the output of the input amplifier from drifting close to saturation. The low input bias currents generate minimal errors from the output impedance of the sensor. Similar to pressure sensors, the very low amplifier drift with time and temperature eliminates additional errors once the system is calibrated at room temperature. The low 1/f noise improves SNR for dc measurements taken over periods often exceeding one-fifth of a second. Figure 52 shows a circuit that can amplify ac signals from 100 V to 300 V up to the 1 V to 3 V levels, with a gain of 10,000 for accurate analog-to-digital conversions.
10k 100 100k 5V TO 16V 5V TO 16V 100V TO 300V IR DETECTOR 10F 100k

In such applications, it is desirable to use a shunt with very low resistance to minimize the series voltage drop; this minimizes wasted power and allows the measurement of high currents while saving power. A typical shunt may be 0.1 . At measured current values of 1 A, the output signal of the shunt is hundreds of millivolts, or even volts, and amplifier error sources are not critical. However, at low measured current values in the 1 mA range, the 100 V output voltage of the shunt demands a very low offset voltage and drift to maintain absolute accuracy. Low input bias currents are also needed to prevent injected bias current from becoming a significant percentage of the measured current. High open-loop gain, CMRR, and PSRR help to maintain the overall circuit accuracy. With the extremely high CMRR of the AD8638/AD8639, the CMRR is limited by the resistor ratio matching. As long as the rate of change of the current is not too fast, an auto-zero amplifier can be used with excellent results.

OUTPUT AMPLIFIER FOR HIGH PRECISION DACS

The AD8638/AD8639 can be used as output amplifiers for a 16-bit high precision DAC in a unipolar configuration. In this case, the selected op amp needs to have very low offset voltage (the DAC LSB is 38 V when operating with a 2.5 V reference) to eliminate the need for output offset trims. Input bias current (typically a few tens of picoamperes) must also be very low because it generates an additional offset error when multiplied by the DAC output impedance (approximately 6 k). Rail-to-rail output provides full-scale output with very little error. Output impedance of the DAC is constant and codeindependent, but the high input impedance of the AD8638/ AD8639 minimizes gain errors. The wide bandwidth of the amplifier also serves well in this case. The amplifier, with a settling time of 4 s, adds another time constant to the system, increasing the settling time of the output. For example, see Figure 54. The settling time of the AD5541 is 1 s. The combined settling time is approximately 4.1 s, as can be derived from the following equation:
t S (TOTAL ) =

1/2 AD8639

1/2 AD8639

10k
06895-065

fC 1.6Hz
TO BIAS VOLTAGE

Figure 52. AD8639 Used as a Preamplifier for Thermopile

PRECISION CURRENT SHUNT SENSOR

A precision current shunt sensor benefits from the unique attributes of auto-zero amplifiers when used in a differencing configuration, as shown in Figure 53. Current shunt sensors are used in precision current sources for feedback control systems. They are also used in a variety of other applications, including battery fuel gauging, laser diode power measurement and control, torque feedback controls in electric power steering, and precision power metering.
SUPPLY 100k e = 1000 R S I = 100mV/mA 100 RS 0.1 RL

(t S DAC )2 + (t S AD8638)2
2.5V 6 0.1F

5V

ADR421
4

2 0.1F

5V TO 16V

0.1F 5V TO 16V SERIAL INTERFACE VDD CS DIN SCLK REF(REFF*) REFS*

C 5V TO 16V

AD8638
AD5541/AD5542
VOUT UNIPOLAR OUTPUT

DGND 100k 100

06895-066

AGND

*AD5542 ONLY

Figure 54. AD8638 Used as an Output Amplifier

Figure 53. Low-Side Current Sensing

Rev. F | Page 15 of 20

06895-067

AD8638

LDAC*

AD8638/AD8639 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

3.00 2.90 2.80

1.70 1.60 1.50

3.00 2.80 2.60

0.95 BSC 1.90 BSC 1.30 1.15 0.90 1.45 MAX 0.95 MIN 0.15 MAX 0.05 MIN

0.20 MAX 0.08 MIN 10 5 0 0.55 0.45 0.35

121608-A

0.50 MAX 0.35 MIN

SEATING PLANE

0.20 BSC

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-178-AA

Figure 55. 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-23] (RJ-5) Dimensions shown in millimeters
5.00 (0.1968) 4.80 (0.1890)

5 4

4.00 (0.1574) 3.80 (0.1497)

6.20 (0.2441) 5.80 (0.2284)

1.27 (0.0500) BSC 0.25 (0.0098) 0.10 (0.0040) COPLANARITY 0.10 SEATING PLANE

1.75 (0.0688) 1.35 (0.0532)

0.50 (0.0196) 0.25 (0.0099) 8 0 0.25 (0.0098) 0.17 (0.0067) 1.27 (0.0500) 0.40 (0.0157)

45

0.51 (0.0201) 0.31 (0.0122)

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012-AA CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN.

Figure 56. 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N] Narrow Body (R-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches)

Rev. F | Page 16 of 20

012407-A

AD8638/AD8639
3.20 3.00 2.80

3.20 3.00 2.80 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER

5.15 4.90 4.65

0.65 BSC 0.95 0.85 0.75 0.15 0.05 COPLANARITY 0.10 0.40 0.25 15 MAX 1.10 MAX 0.80 0.55 0.40
100709-B

6 0

0.23 0.09

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-AA

Figure 57. 8-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters

3.00 BSC SQ

2.48 2.38 2.23

5 EXPOSED PAD

INDEX AREA TOP VIEW

0.50 0.40 0.30

1.74 1.64 1.49

1

BOTTOM VIEW

PIN 1 INDICATOR (R 0.2)

0.80 0.75 0.70

0.80 MAX 0.55 NOM 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM COPLANARITY 0.08 0.20 REF

FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO THE PIN CONFIGURATION SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET.

SEATING PLANE

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-229-WEED-4

Figure 58. 8-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_WD] 3 mm 3 mm Body, Very Very Thin, Dual Lead (CP-8-5) Dimensions shown in millimeters

Rev. F | Page 17 of 20

112008-A

0.30 0.25 0.18

0.50 BSC

AD8638/AD8639
ORDERING GUIDE
Model 1, 2 AD8638ARJZ-R2 AD8638ARJZ-REEL AD8638ARJZ-REEL7 AD8638ARZ AD8638ARZ-REEL AD8638ARZ-REEL7 AD8639ACPZ-R2 AD8639ACPZ-REEL AD8639ACPZ-REEL7 AD8639ARZ AD8639ARZ-REEL AD8639ARZ-REEL7 AD8639ARMZ AD8639ARMZ-REEL AD8639ARMZ-R7 AD8639WARZ AD8639WARZ-RL AD8639WARZ-R7
1 2

Temperature Range 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C 40C to +125C

Package Description 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead LFCSP_WD 8-Lead LFCSP_WD 8-Lead LFCSP_WD 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N 8-Lead SOIC_N

Package Option RJ-5 RJ-5 RJ-5 R-8 R-8 R-8 CP-8-5 CP-8-5 CP-8-5 R-8 R-8 R-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 R-8 R-8 R-8

Branding A1T A1T A1T

A1Y A1Y A1Y

A1Y A1Y A1Y

Z = RoHS Compliant Part. W = Qualified for Automotive Applications.

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
The AD8639W models are available with controlled manufacturing to support the quality and reliability requirements of automotive applications. Note that these automotive models may have specifications that differ from the commercial models; therefore, designers should review the Specifications section of this data sheet carefully. Only the automotive grade products shown are available for use in automotive applications. Contact your local Analog Devices account representative for specific product ordering information and to obtain the specific Automotive Reliability reports for these models.

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AD8638/AD8639 NOTES

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AD8638/AD8639 NOTES

20072010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D06895-0-6/10(F)

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