The Thoracic Cavity

1.p) The lungs are soft, smooth, very thin (can easily be ripped), and slimy. q) The trachea is hard has cartilage rings, bumpy, bendable, and slimy. The function of the cartilage ring is to help keep the trachea flexible and preventing it from collapsing during absence of air, and protecting the trachea. 4.v) The right chamber of the heart (right ventricle and atrium) receives the deoxygenated blood while the left chamber of the heart (left ventricle and atrium) receives the oxygen rich blood. w) The thoracic Cavity is surrounded by a stiff rib cage because in that cavity it contains the heart and lungs, both which are expanding. The rib cage both support and protects the heart and lungs allowing them to expand and contract without damaging soft tissues. Organs from the thoracic cavity need more protection since they are fragile. The soft muscle wall around the abdominal cavity contains the stomach and the intestines that expand when the stomach is full and when expelling waste, it will be impossible from the organs to expand with layers of bone. Organs in the abdominal cavity dont need that much protection since the organs are more muscular and not really prone to danger. x) In a fetus, the heart is the only organ functioning as the lungs has not fully functional/develop and is not able to expand until after birth. y) When the pig is born is when the lung is fully functional. The umbilical chord is no longer used since it no longer supplies the now living pig with blood.

The Abdominal Cavity

Organ/ Structure Cardiac and Pyloric Sphincters Function A structure muscle that surrounds a tube like structure Location
Cardiac sphincter Between the esophagus and stomach Pyloric Sphincter Between stomach and small intestines

Pancreas

Releases hormones, enzymes, other fluids to help neutralize stomach acids Removes old blood cell and produces and stores white blood cell Expand its surface area to absorb more nutrients. Egestion; formation, storage and removal of solid waste. (Absorbs water back to body)

Under the stomach above small intestine

Spleen Small Intestine

Below the stomach Below the stomach surrounded by the large intestine Beside the small intestine. Surrounds the small intestine.

Large Intestine

4.I) Small intestine is 250cm s) The liver produces bile that breaks down fats in the small intestine and filters the blood of drugs and other bad substances harmful to the body. The liver is large because it is responsible for producing all of the fetal pig blood including red blood cell and white blood cell.