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THIRTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE IS SUPPORTED BY AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO:

National Science Foundation

Acknowledgements

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

LEGEND
CONFERENCEHOTEL: SHERATONKEAUHOURESORT&SPA 78128EhukaiStreet KailuaKona,HI96740 MEETINGROOMS: KCC1: KCC2: K3&4: PT#: IT#: CT#: KeauhouConventionCenter1(PosterRoom) KeauhouConventionCenter2(GeneralSessions,ParallelSessions1) KeauhouBallroom3&4(ParallelSessions2) TALKS: PlenaryTalk+Category InvitedTalk+Category ContributedTalk+Category CATEGORIES: 1) Physicsofthecorona,originandaccelerationofthesolarwind,andrelevantobservationsof theSun. 2) Dynamicalbehavioroftheinterplanetarymediumthroughouttheheliosphere,including largeandsmallscalestructures,theevolutionofdisturbances,dissipativeprocesses, turbulence,andsolarenergeticparticles. 3) Interactionofthesolarwindwiththeinterstellarmediumandtheheliosphericboundaries, andcosmicrays. 4) Interactionofthesolarwindwithsolarsystemobjectsanddustyenvironments,including theEarth'smagnetosphere,planets,andcomets. 5) Statusandprospectsofcurrentandfuturesolarwindandheliosphericmissions,including newadvancesininstrumentation.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PROGRAMITINERARY

SUNDAY,JUNE17
4:007:00pm 6:009:00pm RegistrationBayviewLawn PosterSetupKeauhouConventionCenter1(KCC1) WelcomeReceptionBayviewLawn


MONDAY,JUNE18
7:00am5:00pm 7:558:00am RegistrationKeauhouConventionCenter(KCC1&KCC2) KCC2 WelcomeMessageandAnnouncements InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Zank,GaryP. Understandingtheaccelerationofthesolarwind Velli,Marco IT1 intheopencorona:fromnowtoSolarProbePlus Kasper,Justin Marsden,Richard VanBallegooijen,Adriaan IT5 IT5 IT1 SolarProbePlus:MissiontotheCorona SolarOrbiterCloseupViewoftheSun Multiscalesolarmagneticactivityfrom photospheretocorona

8:008:30am 8:309:00am 9:009:30am 9:3010:00am 10:0010:30am

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Richardson,Ian ExplainingHeliumAbundanceVariationsinthe McGregor,Sarah CT1 SolarWind WimmerSchweingruber,Robert Chandran,Benjamin Livi,Stefano Matsumoto,Takuma Verdini,Andrea CT1 CT1 CT1 CT1 CT1 SuprathermalParticlesinMagneticClouds PerpendicularIonHeatingbyLowFrequency AlfvenWaveTurbulenceintheCoronaandSolar Wind HeavyIonsintheSolarWind Connectingthephotosphereandthesolarwind Theroleofleakageintheturbulentheatingof coronalloop

10:3010:50am 10:5011:10am 11:1011:30am 11:3011:50am 11:5012:10pm 12:1012:30pm 12:302:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

LUNCH&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1

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ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Golla,Thejappa 2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 BlancoCano,Xochitl Isenberg,Philip CT2 CT2 STEREOInterplanetaryShocksandForeshocks

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm 3:004:00pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

SelfConsistentIonCyclotronAnisotropyBeta RelationforSolarWindProtons ProtonTemperatureAnisotropyBeta Yoon,Peter CT2 RelationshipinSolarWind ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Elliott,Heather ProbingInterplanetaryMagneticFieldusing Hsu,HsiangWen CT4 NanodustMeasurementsinsideSaturns Magnetosphere Collinson,Glyn RojasCastillo,Diana CT4 CT4 NewdiscoveriesintheVenusianForeshock CompressionalboundariesintheEarths foreshock

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Livi,Stefano WhiteLightObservationsasaLinkBetweenSolar Vourlidas,Angelos IT1 andHeliosphericScience Jackson,Bernard IT4 Usingcometplasmatailstostudythesolarwind

4:004:30pm 4:305:00pm

KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm 6:007:30pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Livi,Stefano(contd) DensityMagneticCorrelationsFromHallFLR Ghosh,Ron CT2 MHDSimulations:LinearandNonlinearBehavior DensityFluctuationSpectrumofSolarWind Chen,Christopher CT2 TurbulencebetweenIonandElectronScales SolarWindMagneticFieldDiscontinuitiesand Vasquez,Bernard CT2 TurbulentGeneratedCurrentLayers ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Scime,Earl CoronalMassEjectionsdetectedbyradio Hahn,Matthias CT4 soundingobservationswithMarsExpress Nemecek,Zdenek Edberg,Niklas CT4 CT4 Solarwindmodificationinfrontofthebowshock LossofatmospherefromMarsandVenusduring roughspaceweather

POSTERCOCKTAILRECEPTIONKCC1

Program Itinerary

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TUESDAY,JUNE19 FREEDAYOREXCURSIONTOKILAUEAVOLCANONATIONALPARK 7:30A.M.10:00P.M. PickUp/DropOffLocation:SheratonKeauhouHotel
(TOURISSUBJECTTOHAZARDOUSSULFURCONDITIONSREGULATEDBYTHEUSGSANDCANCHANGEORCANCELWITHOUT NOTICE) AlohaandWelcome!ThankyouforjoiningusonthisexcitingadventuretoKilaueaVolcanoNationalPark.Wehopeyouwillfind thiseventenjoyableandmemorable!Belowistheitineraryofour journeytotheothersideoftheBigIslandtoKilaueaVolcanoNational Park.Asyoucanseebytheschedulebelow,wewillhavealongday aheadofusandwillbeonaverytightschedule.Therefore,wekindly askyourcooperationinkeepingusontimethroughoutthedayby boardingthebusesattheappropriatetimesrequested.Enjoyyourday! HawaiIVolcanoesNationalParkdisplaystheresultsof70millionyears ofvolcanism,migration,andevolutionprocessesthatthrustabare landfromtheseaandclotheditwithuniqueecosystems,andadistinct humanculture.Theparkhighlightstwooftheworldsmostactive volcanoes,andoffersinsightsonthebirthoftheHawaiianIslandsand viewsofdramaticvolcaniclandscapes.Moreliteratureandatourguide willbeprovidedonourwaytothePark.

7:308:00am 8:0011:00am 11:0011:20am 11:2011:30am 11:30am 12:30pm

BoardbusesatSheratonKeauhouHotel,Pickup/DropoffLocation:BellDesk,LowerLevel RidetoKilaueaVolcanoNationalPark.Stopsinclude(timepermitting):OceanViewEstatesLookout, PunaluuBakeryandPunaluuBeach ArriveatVolcanoNationalParkVisitorsCenterforlegstretchandrestroombreak ArrivalatKilaueaMilitaryCamp USGSPresentationJamesP.Kauahikaua,U.S.GeologicalSurvey,HawaiianVolcanoObservatory HowHawaiianVolcanoesFormedandWhatTheyreDoingNow Hawaiianvolcanoesgrowontheseaflooraslavaflowsarepiledhigheranddeeper.MaunaLoaand Klauea,nowoverthehotspotsourceofmagma,aretwoofthemostactivevolcanoesintheworldwith frequenteruptionsthatcanproviderelativelysafelavaencounterswhilealsohavingthepotentialto produceextensivedestructionanddeath.AsthesupportingPacificplatemovesslowlytonorthwest,its motioneventuallyseparatesthevolcanoesfromtheirmantlesourcesstoppingvolcanismandallowing erosionandcoralreefgrowthtodominate.HVOwasthefirstvolcanoobservatoryestablishedintheU.S. 100yearsagowiththesolepurposeofmitigatingnaturalhazardsthroughcontinuousscientific observation.Forthepast28+years,HVOhasbeencloselymonitoringthecontinuouseruptionofKlauea volcano.Duringthattime,theactivityhasincludedlavafountains,lavalakes,lavaflows,minorexplosions, andlavaenteringtheocean.SinceMarch,2008,thevolcanohasbeeneruptingattwolocations simultaneously.

12:301:30pm 1:304:00pm 4:004:30pm 4:305:30pm 5:307:30pm 7:3010:00pm

LunchVegetarianoptionswillbeavailable VolcanoTour,stopsinclude(timepermitting):KilaueaOverlook,ThurstonLavaTube,KilaueaIkiCrater Overlook,PuuPuaIOverlook,PitCrater,KealakomoOverlook TurnaroundatKealakomoOverlookandreturntoMilitaryCamp RestroomBreak,PreDinnerSocialatMilitaryCamp MilitaryCampGroupDinnerVegetarianoptionswillbeavailable TransportbacktoSheratonKeauhouHotel

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WEDNESDAY,JUNE20
7:00am5:00pm RegistrationKeauhouConventionCenter(KCC1&KCC2) InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Maksimovic,Milan 8:008:30am 8:309:00am 9:009:30am 9:3010:00am 10:0010:30am KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 Richardson,Ian Fuselier,Stephen Luhmann,Janet Jokipii,Jack IT4 IT5 IT2 IT3 WhatintheSolarWindDoestheEarthReactto? MMS:OpportunitiesforSolarWind Reconnection,Turbulence,andInteractionswith SolarSystemBodies Largescalesolarwindstructure:Nondipolar featuresandconsequences AnomalousandGalacticCosmicRaysinThe OuterHeliosphere

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Kasper,Justin TheSWebmodelforthesourcesoftheslow Antiochos,Spiro CT1 wind IntegrationPhysicsBasedCoronalHeatingand Lionello,Roberto CT1 SolarWindAccelerationinaGlobalMHDModel Injectionofplasmaintonascentsolarwind Yang,LiPing CT1 outflowasdrivenbysupergranularadvection UnderstandingtheNatureoftheSolarWindin Lepri,Susan CT1 theSolarOrbiterEra Scudder,Jack LeChat,Gatan CT1 CT1 TheCauseandConsequencesofCoronalKurtosis NewDevelopmentsinExosphericTheoryofthe SolarWind

10:3010:50am 10:5011:10am 11:1011:30am 11:3011:50am 11:5012:10pm 12:1012:30pm 12:302:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

LUNCH&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Szabo,Adam Modellingofbeamplasmainteractioninstrongly Krasnosselskikh,Vladimir CT2 inhomogeneousplasma Gosling,John Rasca,Anthony CT2 CT4 PulsedAlfvnWavesintheSolarWind SolarWindMassLoadingDuetoDust

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm 3:004:00pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Barghouty,A. ModelingthecoronaandsolarwindusingADAPT Arge,Charles CT1 mapsthatincludefarsideobservations Anupperlimittothesolarwindmassloadingby Poletto,Giannina CT1 polarjets Coronaloutflowsfromactiveregionboundaries Tian,Hui CT1 andCMEinduceddimmingregions

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1

Program Itinerary

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4:004:15pm 4:154:30pm 4:305:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm 6:459:00pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Verkhoglyadova,Olga SolarWindFluctuations:NotYour Roberts,Aaron CT2 GrandmothersTurbulence Modelingtheheatingandaccelerationofthe Ofman,Leon CT1 solarwindwithaturbulentAlfvenicwave spectrum ADecadalStrategyforSolarandSpacePhysics Zurbuchen,Thomas IT5 (Heliophysics) ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Verkhoglyadova,Olga(contd) ProductionofTypeIISolarRadioBurstsbyCME Cairns,Iver CT2 DrivenShocks WIND&STEREOobservationsofTypeIIIRadio Maksimovic,Milan CT2 Bursts:LangmuirWavesStatisticsandradio powerradialvariation Amodelfortheevolutionofslowcoronalmass Poedts,Stefaan CT2 ejectionsupto1AU ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Cartwright,Megan EnsembleModelingoftheSolarCoronaand Riley,Pete CT2 InnerHeliosphere Evolutionofglobaldistributionofthesolarwind Tokumaru,Munetoshi CT2 fromcycle23totheearlyphaseofcycle24 SolarWindTemperatureandSpeedFrom5to23 Elliott,Heather CT2 AU

GROUPDINNER/LUAUBAYVIEWLAWN

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THURSDAY,JUNE21
7:00am5:00pm RegistrationKeauhouConventionCenter(KCC1&KCC2) Plenary/InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Pogorelov,Nikolai TheInteractionoftheHeliosphereandthe Stone,Edward PT3 InterstellarWind:AnOverview Connectionofthesolarwindwiththeinterstellar Heerikhuisen,Jacob IT3 mediumthroughnumericalmodeling Roleofthesolarwindinthestructureand Vasyliunas,Vytenis IT4 dynamicsofmagnetospheres PhysicsDerivedfromIBEXENAFluxesandDirect McComas,David IT5 InterstellarNeutralMeasurements

8:008:30am 8:309:00am 9:009:30am 9:3010:00am 10:0010:30am

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Yoon,Peter MagnetosphericConvectionandEvolutionofthe Scime,Earl CT4 MagnetotailDuringStormsDrivenbyHighSpeed StreamsintheSolarWind UlyssesObservationsofMagneticWavesdueto Smith,Charles CT3 NewbornInterstellarPickupIonsandWhyThey areSoSeldomSeen Diffusioninvelocityspaceofsolarwindprotons Marsch,Eckart CT2 exposedtoparallelandobliqueplasmawaves TheoreticalPerspectivesonKineticTurbulencein Howes,Gregory CT2 theSolarWind Solarenergeticparticlesacceleratedbystrong Giacalone,Joe CT2 interplanetaryshocksat1AU Inflowdirectionoftheinterstellarmedium Berger,Lars CT3 deducedfrompickupionmeasurementsat1AU

10:3010:50am

KCC2

10:5011:10am 11:1011:30am 11:3011:50am 11:5012:10pm 12:1012:30pm 12:302:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

LUNCH&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Mewaldt,Richard VoyagerEnergeticParticleObservationsinthe Cummings,Alan CT3 Heliosheath TheConsequencesofIncreasedTurbulenceat Fisk,Len CT3 theHeliopause Onthepossibilityofashockfreeliketransition Zank,Gary CT3 intheheliosphereLISMinteraction ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom(K3&4) Chair:Jackson,Bernard Mikic,Zoran DeForest,Craig Linker,Jon CT2 CT2 CT1 TheChallengeinMakingModelsofFastCMEs QuantitativeImagingoftheSolarwind CoronalandHeliosphericModelingUsingFlux EvolvedMaps

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm 3:004:00pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1

Program Itinerary

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4:004:30pm 4:305:00pm

KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm 6:007:30pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Isenberg,Phil CharacteristicsoftheLocalInterstellarMagnetic Frisch,Priscilla IT3 Field FutureExplorationofOurChangingHeliosphere, Schwadron,Nathan IT5 OurHomewithintheGalaxy ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Isenberg,Phil(contd) Voyager2observationsofplasmainthe Richardson,John CT3 heliosheath AnalyticalModeloftheIBEXRibbonDueto Mbius,Eberhard CT3 NeutralSolarWIndRelatedIonPickupOutside theHeliosphericBoundary UnsteadyProcessesintheVicinityofthe Pogorelov,Nikolai CT3 Heliopause ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Cohen,Christina Interplanetarycoronalmassejections(ICMEs) Kilpua,Emilia CT2 andsmallICMElikestructuresinthesolarwind duringtherecentlowsol SpeedevolutionofCME/shocksusingmulti ManuelHernandez,Teresa CT2 spacecraftobservationsofTypeIIradiobursts. Dynamicsofatoroidalmagneticcloud:asemi Vandas,Marek CT2 analyticapproach

POSTERCOCKTAILRECEPTIONKCC1

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FRIDAY,JUNE22
7:00am5:00pm RegistrationKeauhouConventionCenter(KCC1&KCC2) InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Mbius,Eberhard ObservationsofCMEsandModelsoftheEruptive Gopalswamy,Nat IT1 Corona TheViewfromtheGround:NextGeneration Bastian,Tim IT5 InstrumentationforSolarandHeliospheric Physics ObservationsofSolarEnergeticParticlesand Mewaldt,Richard IT2 theirVariabilityfromtheSunandBeyond ParticleaccelerationinlargeSolarEnergetic Li,Gang IT2 ParticleEvents

8:008:30am 8:309:00am 9:009:30am 9:3010:00am 10:0010:30am

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Chandran,Benjamin SolarEnergeticParticleCharacteristicsandtheir Cohen,Christina CT2 DependenceonLongitudeinSolarCycle24 HeatingofionsinnonresonantAlfvenic Nariyuki,Yasuhiro CT2 turbulence Lario,David Leske,Richard Prech,Lubomir Oughton,Sean CT2 CT2 CT2 CT2 RogueSolarEnergeticParticleEventsat0.3AU ASurveyofAnisotropicEnergeticParticleFlows ObservedbySTEREO FinestructureofIPshockfronts TheMHDvonKarmanHowarthEquationsand theroleoffourthordercorrelations

10:3010:50am 10:5011:10am 11:1011:30am 11:3011:50am 11:5012:10pm 12:1012:30pm 12:302:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

LUNCH&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1 ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Marsch,Eckhart MESSENGERObservationsoftheDynamic Zurbuchen,Thomas CT2 PropertiesofHeliosphericPlasmasat0.30.7AU OntheScalingofElectronDissipationRangein Goldstein,Melvyn CT2 SolarWindTurbulence PropertiesofkineticAlfvenwaves:acomparison Hunana,Peter CT2 offluidmodelswithkinetictheory. ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Li,Gang UsageofCalibratedDatasetsfromtheCluster Laakso,Harri CT5 MissionforSolarWindStudies FastsolarwindmonitoringavailableBMSWin Safrankova,Jana CT5 operation Jain,Rajmal CT5 SolarWindInteractionwithMartianAtmosphere

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 2:403:00pm 3:004:00pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

BREAK&POSTERVIEWINGKCC1

Program Itinerary

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4:004:30pm 4:305:00pm

KCC2 KCC2

InvitedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter2(KCC2) Chair:Livadiotis,George Overviewonnumericalstudiesonreconnection Servidio,Sergio IT2 anddissipationinthesolarwind Waves,fluctuations,andkineticprocessesinthe Podesta,John IT2 solarwindattheprotongyroradiusscale ParallelSession1ContributedTalks KeauhouConventionCenter(KCC2) Chair:Livadiotis,George(contd) Boldyrev,Stanislav Hu,Qiang CT2 CT2 SpectrumofKineticAlfvenTurbulence

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm

KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm

K3&4 K3&4 K3&4

APowerSpectralAnalysisofTurbulence AssociatedwithInterplanetaryShockWaves Structureinsolarwindturbulence:implications Matthaeus,William CT2 fordiscontinuities,correlations,dissipationand heating ParallelSession2ContributedTalks KeauhouBallroom3&4(K3&4) Chair:Heerikhuisen,Jacob NonlinearEvolutionofDispersiveAlfvnwavesin Sharma,R.P. CT2 SolarWindandCorona ModelingSolarWindHeavyIonPotential Barghouty,A.F. CT4 SputteringofLunarKREEPSurfaces TheHaloSolarWindat1AU:Statistical Gloeckler,George CT1 characterizationofitsPhysicalPropertiesandits Origin ENDOFCONFERENCE

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

Monday, June 18: 8:00 - 8:30 am Presenter: Velli, Marco Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Understanding the acceleration of the solar wind in the open corona: from now to Solar Probe Plus Marco Velli, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Ulysses and SOHO/UVCS were instrumental in confirming the origin of fast solar wind streams in solar coronal holes. In this paper I will try to assess where our understanding of fast solar wind acceleration really stands, illustrating new observations and the most recent models involving reflection-driven Alfvenic turbulence, Alfvn waves and compressible interactions, and coronal plumes and microstream shear. Since Alfvenic turbulence is often considered "exotic" I will also try to give an understandable, yet precise, description of the large scale interaction of Alfven waves in the solar wind, including turbulence phenomenologies. While models predicated on turbulence come the closest to describing the fast solar wind correctly, a number of issues, from the precise dissipation mechanisms, to the relative roles of helium and minor ions, to the formation and role of the ubiquitous electron strahl in the fast wind, remain open. A mission to the solar corona, Solar Probe Plus, has understanding coronal heating and solar wind acceleration as one of its major goals.I will open and close with the challenges and promise that SPP measurements present for understanding the origin of the heliosphere. Monday, June 18: 8:30 - 9:00 am Presenter: Kasper, Justin Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar Probe Plus: Mission to the Corona Justin C. Kasper, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Stuart D. Bale, University of California Space Sciences Laboratory Nicola Fox, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Russ Howard, Naval Research Laboratory David McComas, Southwest Research Institute Adam Szabo, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Marco Velli, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory On Behalf of the Solar Probe Plus Team Arguably some of the most significant open questions in heliophysics include the identification of the physical processes responsible for sustaining the solar corona at millions of degrees, for heating the solar wind as it expands into interplanetary space, and for accelerating particles to relativistic energies through flares and coronal mass ejections. In order to address these questions we need to observe and trace the connections between the solar atmosphere and interplanetary space, as coronal plasma entrained in the Suns magnetic field transforms into the super-Alfvnic solar wind. Our community has attacked these problems through a combination of remote sensing of the Sun and in situ measurements of interplanetary particles and fields, but the physical separation between these observables presents a major challenge, and in fact has been a major motivator for this Solar Wind Conference series since its inception in 1964. It has long been recognized that the best way to unite the remote and in situ observations is to send a probe directly into the solar corona, but we have had to wait for the necessary technology to catch up with this desire. Since the last Solar Wind Conference, NASA has selected investigations for the Solar Probe Plus (SPP) mission to the Sun, with launch scheduled for 2018. SPP uses a sequence of Venus gravitational assists to dive within 8.5 solar radii of the surface of the Sun, making it the first spacecraft to enter the sub-Alfvnic solar corona. This talk will review the mission, the scientific payload, and the role of SPP observations in more closely linking the remote and in situ, solar and interplanetary, heliophysics communities.

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Schedule of Talks

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

Monday, June 18: 9:00 - 9:30 am Presenter: Marsden, Richard Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar Orbiter - Close-up View of the Sun Richard G. Marsden, ESA/ESTEC Daniel Mueller, ESA/ESTEC O. Chris St Cyr, NASA/GSFC Solar Orbiter, the first Medium-class mission of ESAs Cosmic Vision 2020 programme will address the central question of heliophysics: How does the Sun create and control the heliosphere? The results from missions such as Helios, Ulysses, Yohkoh, SOHO, TRACE, RHESSI and STEREO, as well as the recently launched SDO mission, have formed the foundation of our understanding of the solar corona, the solar wind, and the three-dimensional heliosphere. Each of these missions had a specific focus, being part of an overall strategy of coordinated solar and heliospheric research. However, an important element of this strategy has yet to be implemented. None of these missions have been able to fully explore the interface region where the solar wind is born and heliospheric structures are formed with sufficient instrumentation to link solar wind structures back to their source regions at the Sun. This is the overarching goal of Solar Orbiter. Planned for launch in January 2017, the Solar Orbiter mission will be carried out in collaboration with NASA and combines previously unavailable observational capabilities provided by the suite of in-situ and remote sensing instruments with a unique inner-heliospheric mission profile design specially tailored for the task. In this paper we present a brief overview of the mission, and examine those areas where Solar Orbiter is expected to make major contributions with emphasis on close-up remote sensing and first observations at higher latitude. Monday, June 18: 9:30 - 10:00 am Presenter: Van Ballegooijen, Adriaan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Multi-scale solar magnetic activity from photosphere to corona Adriaan A. van Ballegooijen, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Magnetic fields play an important role in the heating of the solar corona and the acceleration of the solar wind. Energy is injected into the corona on a wide range of spatial scales. At the smallest scales, convective flows interacting with kilogauss flux tubes produce Alfvenic waves in the photosphere. The waves propagate upward along the flux tubes and reflect at the chromospherecorona transition region, producing counter-propagating waves and turbulence in the chromosphere. The spectrum of Alfvenic waves injected into the corona is significantly affected by such turbulence. In this talk I present results from recent modeling of Alfvenic turbulence in both open and closed magnetic structures.

NOTES

Schedule of Talks

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

Monday, June 18: 10:30 - 10:50 am Presenter: McGregor, Sarah Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Explaining Helium Abundance Variations in the Solar Wind S.L. McGregor, Boston University W.J. Hughes, Boston University J.C. Kasper, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory M. Stevens, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Prior studies have shown that the abundance ratio of doubly ionized helium(alpha-particle) to proton (AHe) varies with solar wind speed and time. AHe varies between solar minimum and solar maximum as well as between adjacent solar minima. More recent work by Kasper et al.(2007) has shown the strong correlation between the speed of the slow solar wind and the helium abundance, as well as a dependence on the observers' heliographic latitude. Using four years of Wind data we identify three types of solar wind based on AHe composition. We then show that the statistical increase in the AHe with solar wind speed can be explained by the changing frequency of observing these three helium abundances over time. Latitudinal variations in the AHe are also explained by the proportions of the three populations depending on the observers' latitude and the underlying solar wind configuration. We use the temperature ratios and ionic charge states of these three populations to identify possible coronal source regions. Monday, June 18: 10:50 - 11:10 am Presenter: Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Suprathermal Particles in Magnetic Clouds Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, Lars Berger, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany George Gloeckler, UMIch, Michigan and UMD, MD, USA Measurements with the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) have shown ubiquitous and prominent suprathermal tails with a power-law dependence on velocity, ~ v^(-5) (Gloeckler et al. 2000, Gloeckler,2003, Fisk and Gloeckler, 2008). Those and similar studies have mostly concentrated on long-term averages. Several explanations of these power-law velocity distribution functions (VDFs) have been proposed. Many of them rely on statistical arguments, e.g., that these VDFs result from superpositions of many VDFs, from multiple acceleration sites or processes, from successions of compressions and rarefactions, or from jumps from slow to fast wind and vice versa.To limit such proposed explanations we have investigated short-term spectra of such suprathermal particles (STPs) in regions surrounding interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), magnetic clouds (MCs), and within in these distinct structures. Because MCs are generally globally expanding and show very low turbulence and only very limited variability in the overall plasma paramteres, we do not expect a similar power law VDF to be observed in MCs. However, we found that the VDFs within ICMEs and MCs are similar to the average VDFs in the solar wind, and that they often exhibit the ~ v^(-5) behaviour. Here we report on these initial findings and try to limit possible explanations.

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Monday, June 18: 11:10 - 11:30 am Presenter: Chandran, Benjamin Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Perpendicular Ion Heating by Low-Frequency Alfven-Wave Turbulence in the Corona and Solar Wind Benjamin D. G. Chandran, University of New Hampshire A number of observations support the idea that low-frequency Alfven-wave turbulence plays an important role in the heating of coronal holes and the generation of the solar wind. However, it is not clear that this type of turbulence can explain observations of strong perpendicular ion heating in the solar atmosphere and interplanetary medium, because the Alfven wave frequencies in this type of turbulence are too small for the turbulence to cause resonant cyclotron heating. We have recently carried out theoretical and numerical investigations of another heating mechanism, ``stochastic heating,'' which does contribute to the dissipation of low-frequency Alfven-wave turbulence and which causes perpendicular ion heating. Our work quantifies the stochastic heating rate as a function of the turbulence amplitude and suggests that low-frequency Alfven-wave turbulence can indeed explain the perpendicular ion heating that is observed in coronal holes and low-beta fast solar-wind streams. We have incorporated Alfven-wave turbulence, stochastic heating, mirror and firehose instabilities, and other kinetic plasma physics into a two-fluid solar wind model with temperature anisotropy. A comparison between this model and a variety of remote observations and in-situ measurements supports the idea that low-frequency Alfven-wave turbulence plays a primary role in the origin of the fast solar wind. Monday, June 18: 11:30 - 11:50 am Presenter: Livi, Stefano Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Heavy Ions in the Solar Wind Stefano Livi, SwRI Susan Lepri, UoM Antoniette Galvin, UNH Thomas Zurbuchen, UoM Lynn Kistler, UNH Michael Collier, GSFC Hydrogen and Helium constitute more than 99.9% of the solar wind and the plasma processes governing and ruling the solar wind plasma are by far dominated by those two species. Consequently ions other then protons and alphas, the so-called heavy ions, are also often referred to as minor ions: they do not affect the dynamics of the system, but act as coparticipants in the flow. The charge state of the heavy ions is established very low in the corona, and does not change during propagation: heavy ions carry the imprint of the electron temperature in the region the plasma detached from the Sun. Also, the easiness of ionization (known as First Ionization Potential) affects how long the particles were subject to the gravitational potential of the Sun, before been accelerated by electromagnetic forces, which sets powerful constraints on the dynamic of the early solar wind accelerations. The characteristics of the distribution functions of the ions reveal also the plasma processes that are at work during the expansion: heavy ions travel faster than protons, up to the Alfven speed; the temperature is proportional to the mass of the ion; and present a large anisotropy, clear marker of the conservation of magnetic moment. All plasma characteristics of the heavy ions are moderated by Coulomb collisions and enhanced by waveparticle interaction, making these ions an excellent laboratory for studying the processes that regulates solar wind acceleration and expansion.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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Monday, June 18: 11:50 - 12:10 pm Presenter: Matsumoto, Takuma Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Connecting the photosphere and the solar wind Takuma Matsumoto, Nagoya University Takeru K Suzuki, Nagoya University The solar wind emanates from the hot and tenuous solar corona. Earlier studies using 1.5 dimensional simulations show that Alfven waves generated in the photosphere play an important role in coronal heating through the process of non-linear mode conversion. In order to understand the physics of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration together, it is important to consider the regions from photosphere to interplanetary space as a single system. We performed 2.5 dimensional, self-consistent magnetohydrodynamic simulations, covering from the photosphere to the interplanetary space for the first time. We carefully set up the grid points with spherical coordinate to treat the Alfven waves in the atmosphere with huge density contrast, and successfully simulate the solar wind streaming out from the hot solar corona as a result of the surface convective motion. The footpoint motion excites Alfven waves along an open magnetic flux tube, and these waves traveling upwards in the non-uniform medium undergo wave reflection, linear/nonlinear mode conversion from Alfven mode to slow/fast mode, and turbulent cascade. These processes lead to the dissipation of Alfven waves and acceleration of the solar wind. It is found that the shock heating by the dissipation of the slow mode wave plays a fundamental role in the coronal heating process whereas the turbulent cascade and shock heating drive the solar wind. Monday, June 18: 12:10 - 12:30 pm Presenter: Verdini, Andrea Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The role of leakage in the turbulent heating of coronal loop Andrea Verdini, Royal Observatory of Belgium Roland Grappin, Observatoire de Paris Marco Velli, Jet Propulsion Laboratory The heating of active-regions loop by waves and turbulence is usually carried out neglecting the feedback of coronal dynamics onto the chromosphere and photosphere. Indeed the long leakage timescale (> 10^5 s) is thought to play a minor role compared to the average dissipation timescale (of the order of 10^3 10^4 s) However, for typical active region loops, turbulence in the corona is in a weak regime, producing a very intermittent dissipation, in other words, the dissipation time may be larger than the leakage time which can not be neglected anymore. Using a simple loop model and numerical simulations of the simplified RMHD equations (hybrid shell model) we extend previous works on turbulent heating of coronal loops including the coronal feedback on the chromosphere. We show how leakage, changing the coronal injection spectrum and limiting the coronal energy accumulation, influences the properties of turbulence (weak/strong) and so the scaling laws for energy, heating, and dissipation timescale vs loop parameters. We find that passing from strong to weak turbulence the coronal dissipation per unit mass decreases (contrary to the line-tied case for which it increases) and discuss the implications for coronal heating.

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ParallelSession1
Monday, June 18: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Blanco-Cano, Xochitl Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 STEREO Interplanetary Shocks and Foreshocks X. Blanco-Cano, UNAM P. Kajdi, UNAM E. Aguilar-Rodrguez, UNAM L. K. Jian, NASA GSFC, U. of Maryland C. T. Russell, UCLA J. G. Luhmann, Berkeley Interplanetary shocks propagate in the heliosphere modifying the solar wind upstream and downstream of them. We study upstream and downstream waves. Upstream whistler waves may be generated at the shock and upstream ultra low frequency waves (ULF) can be driven by ion instabilities. The downstream wave spectra can be formed by both, locally generated perturbations, and shock transmitted waves. We use STEREO data to study shocks driven by stream interactions (SI) and compare their characteristics with those of shocks generated by interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). We also study shock characteristics and find that many locally quasi-perpendicular shocks can be accompanied by wave and ion foreshocks which is in contrast to Earths bow shock. Downstream fluctuations associated with quasi-parallel shocks tend to have larger amplitudes than waves in the sheath of quasi-perpendicular shocks. During years 2007-2010 SI shocks have Mach numbers between 1.1-3.8 and tBn =20-86. For the ICME driven shocks the Mach number has values 1.2-4.0 and tBn =38-85. We find that shocks driven by ICMEs tend to have larger foreshocks (dr <0.1 AU) than shocks driven by SI (dr 0.05 AU). The difference in foreshock extensions is related to the fact that ICME driven shocks are formed closer to the Sun and therefore begin to accelerate particles very early in their existence, while stream interaction shocks form at ~1 AU and have less time to accelerate particles to suprathermal energies.

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ParallelSession1
Monday, June 18: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Isenberg, Philip Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Self-Consistent Ion Cyclotron Anisotropy-Beta Relation for Solar Wind Protons Philip A. Isenberg, University of New Hampshire Bennett A. Maruca, Center for Astrophysics Justin C. Kasper, Center for Astrophysics Proton distributions with perpendicular anisotropies above a beta-dependent threshold trigger the quasilinear proton cyclotron instability, causing the generation of ion cyclotron waves and the proton scattering to lower anisotropy. This process is expected to effectively limit perpendicular anisotropies of collisionless proton distributions with parallel plasma beta <~ 1. However, analysis of solar wind proton distributions at 1 AU yields anisotropies that easily exceed the existing theoretically predicted thresholds. This result is difficult to understand, and continues to present a puzzle for interpretation of plasma processes in the solar wind. We show here that the apparent contradiction is due to the previous threshold estimates, which are based on the assumption of biMaxwellian proton distributions and are not accurate indications of marginal stability. We have derived a set of self-consistent marginally stable states for the system of a collisionless protonelectron plasma carrying a continuous spectrum of parallel-propagating ion cyclotron waves. A recent paper (Isenberg, Phys. Plasmas, 19, 032116, 2012) gives the basic formalism and preliminary results for a mathematically simple but physically unrealistic distribution. We report here new results for a more physically reasonable Gaussian distribution of marginally stable protons. The anisotropies of our self-consistent marginally stable distributions define the rigorous threshold for the proton anisotropy instability. These new distributions are not bi-Maxwellian and their anisotropies do, in fact, bound the observed solar wind proton states at low beta. Thus, the puzzle presented by earlier interpretations of the ion cyclotron anisotropy-beta relation has been resolved, and the proton anisotropy instability does appear to limit the behavior of low-beta protons in the solar wind.

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Monday, June 18: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Yoon, Peter Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Proton Temperature Anisotropy-Beta Relationship in Solar Wind Peter H Yoon, University of Maryland/Kyung Hee University Jung Joon Seough, Kyung Hee University Modeling the proton temperature anisotropy versus beta inverse correlation is an important research area. As the solar wind expands outward the density and magnetic field decrease, thus leading to parallel temperature anisotropy. Perpendicular anisotropy is generated when the solar wind is compressed against the Earth's magnetosphere. The measured anisotropies near the Sun and 1 AU indicate that they do not follow the fluid model, implying that kinetic effects must be considered. For excessive perpendicular temperature anisotropy, proton cyclotron and mirror instabilities provide the collisionless dissipation, while for excessive parallel anisotropy, parallel and oblique firehose instabilities are excited. In the literature, threshold conditions for these instabilities are constructed by means of linear theory, hybrid simulation, or by observational fits. In the present paper we theoretically construct the anisotropy-beta relation by means of quasilinear theory. An excellent comparison between theory and various anisotropy-beta relations published in the literature is found, thus showing that quasilinear theory is a reliable tool, based upon which one may formulate a kinetic-fluid model of the solar wind.

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ParallelSession2
Monday, June 18: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Hsu, Hsiang-Wen Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Probing Interplanetary Magnetic Field using Nanodust Measurements inside Saturn's Magnetosphere Hsiang-Wen Hsu, LASP, Uni. of Colorado at Boulder Mihal Horanyi, LASP, Uni. of Colorado at Boulder Sascha Kempf, LASP, Uni. of Colorado at Boulder In this work we present a novel application of dust research - probing the variation of the electromagnetic environment via Cassini dust measurements. The Saturnian system is found to be a source of fast nanodust particles. These particles are plasma-sputtered relics and are ejected electromagnetically from Saturn's magnetosphere with speed around 100 km/s. In interplanetary space, the dynamics of these particles is governed by the interplanetary magnetic field, which results in a clear detection pattern associated with the Co-rotating Interaction Regions (CIRs). Interestingly, a similar detection pattern is also found when the Cassini spacecraft is inside the magnetosphere of Saturn, suggesting that these particles are sent back to the magnetosphere due to the reversal of the electromagnetic forces during the traversal of solar-wind compression regions. This concept is supported by the dust dynamics simulations as well as the solar wind propagation model. The nanodust measurements carried out by the Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyser (CDA) from 2004 to 2007 will be presented. Long-term monitoring of these nanoparticles will provide an useful database of solar wind conditions at Saturn's orbit.

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Monday, June 18: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Collinson, Glyn Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 New discoveries in the Venusian Foreshock G. Collinson, D. Sibeck A. Masters, N. Shane, J. Slavin, A. Coates, T. Zhang, M. Sarantos, S. Boardsen, T. Moore, S. Barabash In the absence of a planetary magnetic field, the Venusian bow shock is ten times smaller and lies ten times closer to the planet's surface than its terrestrial counterpart. However, new observations by the ESA Venus Express spacecraft reveal that the foreshock (the region of the solar wind near to and magnetically connected to the bow shock) of Venus is no less dynamic than our own, and is also home to a plethora of fascinating particle and wave phenomena. Given the smaller scale of the Venusian bow shock, these phenomena likely have a more significant effect on the whole system. We present multi-instrument observations of solar wind-induced foreshock phenomena at Venus, including Hot Flow Anomalies (HFAs) and Short Large Amplitude Magnetic Structures (SLAMS). Our measurements of these Venusian phenomena are consistent with those at Earth, even though the nature of the solar wind obstacle is fundamentally different. Our Venusian HFA was centered on an IMF discontinuity with a decreased core field strength, ion observations consistent with a flow deflection, and bounded by compressive edges. Venusian SLAMS were ~11s in duration, had magnetic compression ratios between ~3 to 6, and exhibited elliptical polarization. The presence of these and other dynamic phenomena at Venus show that these are fundamental modes of interaction between planets and the solar wind, whether or not the planet has its own magnetic field.

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ParallelSession2
Monday, June 18: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Rojas-Castillo, Diana Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Compressional boundaries in the Earth's foreshock D. Rojas-Castillo, IGEOF/UNAM X. Blanco-Cano, IGEOF/UNAM P. Kajdic, IGEOF/UNAM N. Omidi, Solana Scientific Inc. The terrestrial foreshock is a highly dynamic region populated by particles and waves that are arranged in well defined regions. These regions are delimited by boundaries such as the ion foreshock boundary or the ULF wave foreshock boundary. Recently a new structure named foreshock compressional boundary (FCB) was reported in global hybrid simulations by Omidi et al. (2009). This structure represents a transition region that separates the highly disturbed foreshock plasma from the solar wind plasma. The FCB is associated with a strong compression of magnetic field and density. Besides the enhancements in the field and density, the FCB also shows a region where these two quantities decrease below the ambient solar wind values. The purpose of the present study is to show examples of FCBs observed in Cluster-1 data. These FCBs shows that they form for different SW and IMF conditions. Sometimes the FCB is a transition region between the pristine solar wind plasma and the foreshock plasma. But on ocassions, it separates a region with large amplitude waves from regions with high frequency (f~0.25 Hz) small amplitude waves. We analyze if the FCB properties change for cases when the IMF remains almost unchanged or when an IMF rotation occurs. A multispacecraft study is also performed to examine the size of the structures and their location with respect to the ion foreshock boundary and the ULF waves foreshock boundary. Monday, June 18: 4:00 - 4:30 pm Presenter: Vourlidas, Angelos Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 White Light Observations as a Link Between Solar and Heliospheric Science Angelos Vourlidas, Naval Research Laboratory For decades, progress on understanding the Sun-Earth connection has been hampered by the 'disconnected' nature of the observations; imaging at the near-Sun coorna, in-situ sampling at 1 AU. The evolution of the solar wind and its more energetic transients in the inner heliosphere remained was accessible only through modeling. The situation has changed dramatically since 2007, when the twin STEREO satellites began white light observations of the full Sun-Earth line, accompanied by a suite of in-situ and remote sensing instruments. Venus Express and Messenger, around Venus and Mercury, respectively, have added two more in-situ (albeit intermittent) sentinels to monitor the solar wind in the inner heliosphere. Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus, mission currently under the design phase, will provide even more measurements (both remote sensing and in-situ) from continuously varying vantage points. For STEREO and the future inner heliospheric missions, white light observations play a crucial role in connecting the activity in the solar corona with the in-situ measurements. They provide kinematic and structural measurements and are our only way of uncovering the interaction between solar wind and transients by observing.In this talk, I review the latest results from STEREO and the issues that arise from comparisons between imaging and in-situ analysis. I will also discuss the opportunities of new science from the tight coupling of white light imaging and in-situ instrumentation in the upcoming Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus missions.

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Monday, June 18: 4:30 - 5:00 pm Presenter: Jackson, Bernard Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Using comet plasma tails to study the solar wind Bernard V. Jackson, Andrew Buffington , John M. Clover, Paul P. Hick, Hsiu-Shan Yu, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, University of California, San Diego, California, U.S.A. Mario M. Bisi, Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Wales, UK The plasma tails of comets have been used as probes of the solar wind for many years, and well before solar wind measurements enabled direct measurements. The much greater regularity of images from space instruments now reveals far more detail and extent of outward solar wind flow than previously possible. These analyses mark the location of the solar wind flow in threedimensions over time much as do in-situ measurements. Data from comet plasma tails using coronagraphs and heliospheric white-light imagers view closer to the Sun than spacecraft have ventured to date. These show that this flow is chaotic and highly variable, and not the benign, regular outward motion of a quiescent plasma. While this is no surprise to those who study and characterize the solar wind in-situ or use remotely-sensed interplanetary scintillation techniques, spacecraft images allow a visualization of this as never-before possible. Here we summarize the results of a technique used to determine solar wind velocity on multiple comets observed by the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) and also using images from the Heliospheric Imager on board the STEREO A spacecraft. Finally we present results using an analysis technique that measures similar variable solar wind behavior on coronagraph images in the low corona.

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Monday, June 18: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Ghosh, Ron Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Density-Magnetic Correlations From Hall-FLR MHD Simulations: Linear and Nonlinear Behavior Sanjoy Ghosh, JHU APL Melvyn L Goldstein, NASA GSFC Using a compressible 2.5-D MHD simulation code with Hall and Finite Larmor Radius (FLR) corrections, we investigate Fourier-space (k-space) density and magnetic-field correlations ranging from the inertial range to scales adjacent the ion-cyclotron resonance. Our system is closed assuming a polytropic equation of state and the FLR correction assumes isotropic pressure as a first approximation. We consider a variety of initial conditions ranging from isotropic turbulence to field-aligned Alfven modes with velocity shears. We supplement the densitymagnetic correlations with related correlations of velocity and magnetic field (cross helicity) and density with longitudinal velocity (compressibility). Evaluating these correlations against the strength of linear-to-nonlinear accelerations as directly measurable from our simulations, a interesting picture emerges for inertial-range turbulence: The spectral regime within 45 degrees of the mean magnetic field displays a linear response with correlations reminiscent of linear Alfven waves. The spectral regime at angles larger than 45 degrees to the mean magnetic field display a nonlinear response with correlations reminiscent of nearly incompressible turbulence. At scales adjacent the ion-cyclotron resonance, nonlinear accelerations dominate and correlations based on linear theory are disrupted.

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ParallelSession1
Monday, June 18: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Chen, Christopher Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Density Fluctuation Spectrum of Solar Wind Turbulence between Ion and Electron Scales C. H. K. Chen, University of California, Berkeley C. S. Salem, University of California, Berkeley J. W. Bonnell, University of California, Berkeley F. S. Mozer, University of California, Berkeley S. D. Bale, University of California, Berkeley A turbulent cascade is thought to take energy from the large injection scales down to small kinetic scales where it can heat the solar wind. The heating process, however, is not well understood, partly due to limited measurements in this range. While the magnetic field fluctuations have been well characterized between ion and electron scales, the density fluctuations have rarely been investigated in this range. Here, we present measurements of the density fluctuations down to electron scales for the first time, made possible by the high cadence spacecraft potential data from the ARTEMIS spacecraft. The average spectral index between ion and electron scales was found to be -2.75, steeper than current predictions for pure whistler or kinetic Alfven wave turbulence, but very similar to previous magnetic field measurements. The implications of these measurements for our understanding of small scale turbulence and dissipation will be discussed.

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Monday, June 18: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Vasquez, Bernard Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar Wind Magnetic Field Discontinuities and Turbulent-Generated Current Layers Bernard J. Vasquez, University of New Hampshire Sergei A. Markovskii, University of New Hampshire Charles W. Smith, University of New Hampshire We examine magnetic field data from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft to identify discontinuities with durations less than 30 seconds. Thicknesses of the discontinuities are inferred via a cross-product method, and their relation to proton scale lengths is determined from corresponding ACE plasma data. The identified discontinuities have thicknesses that are at proton plasma scales. Thereby, the abrupt layers have internal structure described by physics not included in the ideal MHD equations where the only appropriate ideal MHD solutions would be truly discontinuous ones. We compare the observed discontinuity properties with the results from hybrid numerical simulations of Alfvenic turbulence using particle protons and fluid electrons. The simulated turbulence generates current layers and heats protons perpendicular to the magnetic field.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession2
Monday, June 18: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Hahn, Matthias Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Coronal Mass Ejections detected by radio sounding observations with Mars Express M. Hahn, RIU S.W. Asmar, JPL M.K. Bird, University Bonn M. Ptzold, RIU S. Tellmann, RIU B.T. Tsurutani, JPL G.L. Tyler, Stanford University The radio sounding technique is a powerful tool to investigate the large-scale structure of the solar corona when a radio transmitter is located near superior solar conjunction. Mars Express, in orbit about Mars, underwent solar conjunctions in August/September 2004, October/November 2006, December/January 2008/09 and from December 2010 to March 2011. As part of the Radio Science Experiment MaRS radio-sounding measurements were recorded using the dualfrequency downlinks of the spacecraft during solar conjunctions. The transmitted radio signals at X-band (8.4 GHz) and S-band (2.3 GHz) propagated through the dense plasma of the solar corona. Changes in carrier frequency and propagation delay reveal the large-scale coronal structure, the electron content and plasma turbulence as a function of distance from the Sun. MaRS observed several Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) events crossing the radio ray path. A detailed interpretation of these events is presented. A CME-model was developed and adapted to the measured electron content in order to derive information on the electron density, plasma velocity and spatial structure of component CME features. Results of various simulations are presented and compared with SOHO/LASCO and STEREO/SECCHI coronagraph images.

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Monday, June 18: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Nemecek, Zdenek Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Solar wind modification in front of the bow shock Jaroslav Urbar, Charles University Zdenek Nemecek, Charles University Jana Safrankova, Charles University Karel Jelinek, Charles University Lubomir Prech, Charles University Space weather studies of the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction often rely on L1 observations that are propagated toward the Earth assuming a negligible evolution of upstream parameters along the solar wind path. We present statistical comparisons of multi-point THEMIS observations of the solar wind between the bow shock and spacecraft apogee with ACE data measured at L1. Our goal is to evaluate the influence of different factors on changes of mean solar wind parameters just upstream of the bow shock. The most pronounced effect is a systematic decrease of the average solar wind speed with a decreasing distance to the bow shock that is controlled by the level of magnetic field fluctuations and/or by the flux of reflected and accelerated particles. The energy lost due to deceleration is partly compensated by an increase of the mean temperature but the analysis suggests that a part of the energy is spent for particle acceleration. We can conclude that the reflected particles not only excite the waves of large amplitudes but they also modify mean values of quantities measured in an unperturbed solar wind. Consequently, the principal factor that influences the mean solar wind parameters in front of the bow shock is the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field.

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ParallelSession2
Monday, June 18: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Edberg, Niklas Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Loss of atmosphere from Mars and Venus during rough space weather N. Edberg, IRF, Swe H. Nilsson, IRF, Swe M. Lester, University of Leicester, UK J. Luhmann, UC Berkeley, USA T. Zhang, SRI, Austria It is well known that the solar system bodies Mars and Venus continuously loses fractions of their atmospheres into space as a consequence of the interaction with the solar wind. We present some recent findings of how this ionospheric escape is increased when corotating interaction regions (CIRs) and/or coronal mass ejections (CMEs) impact on the planet. During the current solar minimum we scan the ACE satellite data for CIRs and CMEs and estimate their arrival at Mars and Venus. We compare the anti-sunward fluxes of heavy planetary ions during the impact of these events to the fluxes at the times between. The escape increases by a factor of ~1.9 at Venus and by a factor of ~2.5 at Mars, on average. Taking into account the occurrence rate of these events we find that 30% of the total outflow from Mars and 50% from Venus takes place during rough space weather. We discuss whether it is the increased solar wind dynamic pressure that causes the increase escape rate or if it is an effect of the concurrent rotation of the interplanetary magnetic field. The magnetic field rotation causes the induced magnetosphere to reconfigure and change polarity, which could trigger reconnection events and substorm-like processes. During such processes plasma can be accelerated in the downstream direction through electrodynamic effects. Hence, it is important to understand the dynamical behavior of the solar wind in order to understand the evolution of planetary atmospheres. Wednesday, June 20: 8:00 - 8:30 am Presenter: Richardson, Ian Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 What in the Solar Wind Does the Earth React to? Ian Richardson, CRESST/University of Maryland/Goddard Space Flight Center Phenomena such as enhancements in geomagnetic activity recurring at the solar rotation period, or sporadically following solar flares have long demonstrated that the Earth is influenced by conditions at the Sun. With the discovery of the solar wind and measurement of its properties, it was recognized that the solar wind is the driver of many of the effects observed at Earth. The interaction between the solar wind and the Earth is well-established to be principally determined by the strength and orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, the solar wind speed, and density. In particular, the interaction is strongest when the IMF is directed south, opposite to the direction to the Earths magnetic field on the dayside. We will discuss the solar wind structures that cause reactions in the magnetosphere and ionosphere, such as enhanced geomagnetic activity, substorms, variations in the auroral precipitation of electrons and ions, and total electron content, and technological effects such as errors in GPS systems. The principle structures involved are interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and corotating high-speed streams from coronal holes. We consider both the reaction of the Earth to individual structures, statistical studies, for example identifying similar periodicities in solar wind and magnetospheric/ionospheric phenomena, and longer-term (multi-solar cycle) variations in the solar wind drivers.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

Wednesday, June 20: 8:30 - 9:00 am Presenter: Fuselier, Stephen Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 MMS: Opportunities for Solar Wind Reconnection, Turbulence, and Interactions with Solar System Bodies Stephen A. Fuselier, Southwest Research Institute MMS is a 4 spacecraft mission that will use the Earths magnetosphere as a laboratory to study magnetic reconnection. The spacecraft are instrumented to make high time resolution measurements of the plasma and fields in the magnetosheath, magnetopause, magnetosphere, magnetotail, and associated boundary layers. The prime mission (from launch in October 2014 through January 2017) is designed to maximize encounters with the magnetopause and magnetotail reconnection diffusion regions. During this part of the mission, there will be little opportunity to study solar wind reconnection and turbulence. However, in the extended mission, the spacecraft will spend a significant amount of time in the solar wind near the Earth. In this part of the mission, there are significant opportunities to study solar wind reconnection and turbulence on very small spatial scales. This talk presents the MMS prime mission, extended mission, relevant instrumentation, and possible research topics on solar wind reconnection, turbulence, and interaction with the Earth. The talk concludes with possible influence the solar wind community might have on the extended mission spacecraft configuration and operations to maximize solar wind studies. Wednesday, June 20: 9:00 - 9:30 am Presenter: Luhmann, Janet Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Large scale solar wind structure: Nondipolar features and consequences J.G. Luhmann, M. Ellenburg, SSL, UCB P. Riley, PSI D. Odstrcil, GMU/GSFC G. Petrie, NSO L.K. Jian, C.T. Russell, IGPP UCLA K. Simunac, A. Galvin, UNH While it is generally agreed that the solar wind structure that we observe in-situ at 1 AU can be mapped back to coronal holes, open magnetic field regions on the Sun, the extent to which this mapping is modified by stream interactions and source boundary layer transients is known mainly from case studies of selected observations. In this presentation we show what the recent Sun has provided to the heliosphere according to solar magnetogram-based coronal field models, and compare it to the reality of what is measured at 1 AU for the time period of the recent solar minimum and the rising phase of the new cycle. This comparison between solar wind source surface properties and synoptic 1 AU ecliptic plane observations sheds light on issues of solar wind source mapping, especially in recent times. In particular the non-polar coronal hole sources and pseudostreamer boundary sources occupy a large fraction of the mapped open fields. As these features are particularly subject to evolutionary changes at their boundaries, the implication is that the contributions of transient solar wind have been large. We consider the factors that maintain this situation and the potential for its continuation

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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Wednesday, June 20: 9:30 - 10:00 am Presenter: Jokipii, Jack Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Anomalous and Galactic Cosmic Rays in The Outer Heliosphere J. R. Jokipii, Depts. of Planetary Sciences and Astronomy, University of Arizona Observations from the Voyager spacecraft at the solar wind termination shock and the heliosheath have significantly increased our understanding of the anomalous and galactic cosmic rays (ACR, GCR). In particular, the behavior of the ACR was quite different from what expected. In response, new acceleration mechanisms were proposed and existing models were improved. GCR observations also were puzzling. In this talk, I will discuss, critically, the constraints imposed by the observations on the proposed models. Wednesday, June 20: 10:30 - 10:50 am Presenter: Antiochos, Spiro Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The S-Web model for the sources of the slow wind Spiro K. Antiochos, (NASA/GSFC) Judith T. Karpen, (NASA/GSFC) C. Richard DeVore, NRL Models for the origin of the slow solar wind must account for two seemingly contradictory observations: The slow wind has the composition of the closed-field corona, implying that it originates from the continuous opening and closing of flux at the boundary between open and closed field. On the other hand, the slow wind has large angular width, up to 60 degrees, suggesting that its source extends far from the open-closed boundary. We describe a model that can explain both observations. The key idea is that the source of the slow wind at the Sun is a network of narrow (possibly singular) open-field corridors that map to a web of separatrices (the SWeb) and quasi-separatrix layers in the heliosphere. We discuss the dynamics of the S-Web model and its implications for present observations and for the upcoming observations from Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus. Wednesday, June 20: 10:50 - 11:10 am Presenter: Lionello, Roberto Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Integration Physics-Based Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration in a Global MHD Model Roberto Lionello, Predictive Science, Inc. Jon A. Linker, Predictive Science, Inc. Zoran Mikic, Predictive Science, Inc. Marco Velli, JPL Although the mechanisms responsible for heating the Sun's corona and accelerating the solar wind are being actively investigated, it is largely accepted that photospheric motions provide the energy source and that the magnetic field must play a key role in the process. 3D MHD models of the corona and of the solar wind usually employ some phenomenological artifice to accelerate the wind and heat the corona. Within the framework of a 3D full MHD numerical code, we apply the results of Rappazzo et al. (2007,2008) on turbulent cascade to heat the closed-field region, and those of Verdini and Velli (2007,2010) on Alfven turbulence dissipation to accelerate the solar wind. We also compare the properties of the solar wind at 1 A.U. using a formulation based on Verdini and Velli (2007,2010) and one based on Chandran et al. (2011).

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

Wednesday, June 20: 11:10 - 11:30 am Presenter: Yang, Li-Ping Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Injection of plasma into nascent solar wind outflow as driven by supergranular advection Liping Yang Peking University Jiansen He Peking University Hardi Peter Max-Planck-Institut fur Aeronomie Chuanyi Tu Peking University Wenlei Chen Peking University Lei Zhang Peking University Eckart Marsch Max-Planck-Institut fur Aeronomie Xueshang Feng Center for Space Science and Applied Research The origin of solar wind remains as one of the key topics in the space physics. Previous models assume that solar wind flows outward continuously along a steady flux tube from the photosphere through the chromosphere to the corona. Whereas, based on the recent observational results, \cite{Tu2005a, Tu2005b} suggested a new scenario of solar wind origin, in which solar wind is supplied by reconnection between open funnel fields and meso-scale closed loops. According to this scenario, a 2.5 dimensional (2.5D) numerical MHD model is established to investigate the consequences of magnetic reconnection between open funnel fields and closed loops driven by the supergranular convection flow. The results demonstrate that for certain time interval, the simulation reproduces upward flow streaming outward along the new open fields together with downward flow sinking backwards to the lower atmosphere. Tracing the material motions of the closed loops shows that the materials of the closed loops are released and could be transported upward along new open flux tube with mass flow rate approximately being a constant. Moreover, the value of mass flow rate is roughly consistent with that estimated from observations, which suggests that the mass of solar wind could be supplied from the sides by reconnection but not merely from below by flowing outward. Wednesday, June 20: 11:30 - 11:50 am Presenter: Lepri, Susan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Understanding the Nature of the Solar Wind in the Solar Orbiter Era Susan T. Lepri, The University of Michigan Thomas H. Zurbuchen, The University of Michigan Antoinette B. Galvin, The University of New Hampshire Lynn M. Kistler, The University of New Hampshire Stefano A. Livi, Southwest Research Institute Solar Orbiter (SO) will be the first spacecraft ever to enter the inner heliosphere and provide detailed measurements of the composition of heavy ions in the solar wind. This unique opportunity will provide valuable data, which will be used to answer key outstanding science questions of central focus to the solar and heliospheric science communities. The Heavy Ion Sensor (HIS) on SO, with its high time and mass resolution along its resolution of velocity distributions, will enable us to examine the origin, structure and evolution of the solar wind in greater detail than ever before. During the co-rotation phase, we will be able to map these structures back to the Sun in a way that has not yet been possible. HIS will enable characterization of the sources, transport mechanisms and acceleration processes of solar energetic particles by providing measurements of the suprathermal seed population. Additionally, HIS measurements will constrain CME initiation mechanisms and the impact CMEs have on the evolution of coronal and heliospheric magnetic field over the solar cycle. This presentation will focus on the current state of in-situ studies of heavy ions in the solar wind and their implications for the sources of the solar wind, the nature of structures and the variability of the solar wind, the impact of CMEs in the heliosphere, and the acceleration of particles.

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Wednesday, June 20: 11:50 - 12:10 pm Presenter: Scudder, Jack Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The Cause and Consequences of Coronal Kurtosis Jack Scudder, University of Iowa A coherent omnipresent agent for promotion of ions and electrons into suprathermal tails in the fully ionized portions of the coronal expansion will be developed. This agent is as general as the gravitational fields that cause astrophysical plasmas to be inhomogeneous, yet specific to the media being an astrophysical plasma. This understanding is quantitatively consistent with observed properties of suprathermal electrons between Mercury and Jupiter and the theoretical circumstances at all two fluid Parker critical points. All fully quasi-stationary ionized stellar atmospheres on the Zero Age Main Sequence (including the Sun) develop this kurtosis within a tiny fraction of a stellar radius from their base. With this finding the effects of velocity filtration on this seed kurtosis must be evaluated amongst the explanations for the coronal temperature maximum and the wind itself. Wednesday, June 20: 12:10 - 12:30 pm Presenter: Le Chat, Gatan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 New Developments in Exospheric Theory of the Solar Wind G. Le Chat, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics H. Lamy, Belgian Institute for space Aeronomy V. Pierrard, Belgian Institute for space Aeronomy N. Meyer-Vernet, LESIA K. Issautier, LESIA M. Maksimovic, LESIA Y. Zouganelis, LPP Due to the rare collisions, kinetic collisionless models have been extensively used to describe the solar wind. In these models, the solar wind acceleration is driven by the radial electric field needed to maintain the quasineutrality of the plasma because of the large proton-to-electron mass ratio. The last generations of exospheric models have improved the agreement with observations of slow and fast solar wind by using non-thermal electron velocity distributions, as observed in the solar wind. We present the results of latest developments of the exospheric models. These developments show the role of the trapped particles, of the proton temperature anisotropy and of the Parker's spiral in the solar wind acceleration process.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

ParallelSession1
Wednesday, June 20: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Krasnosselskikh, Vladimir Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Modelling of beam plasma interaction in strongly inhomogeneous plasma A. Volokitin, LPC2E, France/IZMIRAN, Russia; V. Krasnoselskikh, LPC2E, Orleans, France; C. Krafft, LPP, France; E. Kuznetsov, FIAN, Russia We consider an interaction of a beam with a plasma in the solar wind. The properties of plasma waves are described by 1D Zakharov's equation, the beam is modelled by means of particles moving in the electric field of Langmuir waves. We take into account the presence of high level of density fluctuations that are known to occur in the solar wind. It is shown that when the level of density fluctuations is low (n / n0) << ( 3 k2 D2 ) the regime of beam relaxation is very similar to the one in homogeneous plasma and as described by quasilinear (QL) equation. The relaxation length in this case is very short. On the contrary when the level of density fluctuations overcomes certain limit (n / n0) > ( k2 D2 ), where 1 the effects of plasma inhomogeneity crucially influence the process of relaxation. Linear wave growth becomes localized and clearly identifiable wave packets dominate wave spectrum due to kinematics of wave propagation and wave-particle resonant interaction. Most of wave packets grow in regions of density gradients. Another important feature of the relaxation consists in formation of the tail of electron distribution in the range of velocities V > Vb . Beam width grows in the direction of lower velocities as well as in the direction of higher velocities and the number density of accelerated electrons can reach 10 20 % of the beam density and the energy flux carried by this population can be as large as 40% of the initial energy flux carried by the beam.

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Wednesday, June 20: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Gosling, John Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Pulsed Alfvn Waves in the Solar Wind J. T. Gosling, University of Colorado, Boulder H. Tian, National Center for Atmospheric Research T. D. Phan, University of California, Berkeley Using 3-s plasma and magnetic field data from the Wind spacecraft located in the solar wind well upstream from Earth, we report observations of isolated, pulse-like Alfvnic disturbances in the solar wind. These isolated events are characterized by roughly plane-polarized rotations in the solar wind magnetic field and velocity vectors away from the directions of the underlying field and velocity and then back again. They pass over a spacecraft on time scales ranging from seconds to several minutes. These isolated, pulsed Alfvn waves are pervasive; we identified 175 such events over the full range of solar wind speeds (320 550 km/s) observed in a randomly chosen 10-day interval. The large majority of these events propagate away from the Sun in the solar wind rest frame. Maximum field rotations in the interval studied ranged from 7 to 110. Similar to most Alfvnic-fluctuations in the solar wind at 1 AU, the observed changes in velocity are typically less than that predicted for pure Alfvn waves (Alfvnicity ranged from 0.24 to 0.93 with the most probable value being 0.5). The pulse-like and roughly symmetric nature of the magnetic field and velocity rotations in these events suggests that these Alfvnic disturbances are not evolving when observed. They thus appear to be, and probably are, solitary waves. It is presently uncertain how these pulsed waves originate or how they can long survive in the inhomogeneous, turbulent solar wind.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession1
Wednesday, June 20: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Rasca, Anthony Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar Wind Mass-Loading Due to Dust Anthony Rasca, University of Colorado at Boulder Mihly Hornyi, University of Colorado at Boulder Collisionless mass-loading by interplanetary dust particles is expected to cause a significant disruption in the flow of the solar wind. Dust particles near the Sun can become a source of ions and neutrals due to evaporation and sputtering. This mass-loading effect can lead to the formation of collisionless shocks, as it was first discussed in the case of solar wind interaction with comets. This effect can also be compared with a de Laval nozzle, which behaves differently between subsonic and supersonic flows. We investigate the effects of mass-loading resulting from sungrazing comets or collisions in the vicinity of the Sun, where the solar wind transitions from subsonic to supersonic speeds. We use the Block-Adaptive-Tree-Solarwind-Roe-Upwind-Scheme (BATS-R-US) developed by CSEM to mass-load ionized dust into the the wind near the sonic point. Results are compared with those previously obtained using a simple 1D hydrodynamic model, which are relevant for understanding the acceleration of the solar wind and possible changes in its composition due to dust.

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Wednesday, June 20: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Arge, Charles Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Modeling the corona and solar wind using ADAPT maps that include far side observations C. Nick Arge, AFRL/Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, USA Carl J. Henney, AFRL/Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, USA Irene Gonzales-Hernandez, National Solar Observatory, Tucson, AZ, USA W. Alex Toussaint, National Solar Observatory, Tucson, AZ, USA Josef Koller, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA Humberto C. Godinez, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA As the primary input to all coronal and solar wind models, global estimates of the solar photospheric magnetic field distribution are critical for reliable modeling of the corona and heliosphere. Over the last several years the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), in collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the National Solar Observatory (NSO), has developed a model that produces much more realistic estimates of the instantaneous global photospheric magnetic field distribution than that provided by traditional photospheric field synoptic maps. The Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric flux Transport (ADAPT) model is a photospheric flux transport model, originally developed at NSO, that makes use of data assimilation methodologies developed at LANL. The flux transport model evolves the observed solar magnetic flux using relatively well understood transport processes when measurements are not available and then updates the modeled flux with new observations using data assimilation methods that rigorously take into account model and observational uncertainties. ADAPT originally only made use of Earth-side magnetograms, but the code has now been modified to assimilate helioseismic far-side active region data such as that available from the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG). As a first test, helioseismically detected active regions that first emerged on the far-side of Sun in early July 2010 have been incorporated into maps produced by ADAPT and then used in the Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA) model to simulate the corona and solar wind. In this talk, we compare the WSA model results (both using and not using the far side data in the ADAPT input maps) with coronal EUV and in situ solar wind observations available from the STEREO, ACE and the SDO spacecraft.

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ParallelSession2
Wednesday, June 20: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Poletto, Giannina Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 An upper limit to the solar wind mass loading by polar jets S. Pucci, Univ. Firenze G. Poletto, INAF - Arcetri Obs., Firenze A. C. Sterling, SSO, MSFC, Huntsville, AL M. Romoli, Firenze Univ. Hinode observations of polar coronal holes revealed a larger population of X-ray jets than previously reported. Some of these comply with the standard reconnection model suggested by Shibata et al. (1992), others, likely analogous to CME eruptions and referred to as blow-out jets (e.g. Moore et al., 2010), show a more structured morphology. We present here two events, representative of the two jet categories, that have been observed by HINODE and STEREO in polar coronal holes. Their outward speed has been evaluated from high resolution images: also, because the jets have been observed in multiple filters, we have been able to derive, via spectroscopic techniques, their temperature and density evolution, both along the jets and in time. Knowledge of these parameters allows us to estimate the mass flux that jets of the two kinds may transport to the solar wind and, assuming a given frequency of events, to infer a value for the wind mass loading contributed by polar jets. However, there are insufficient data to establish the percentage of ejections which eventually fall back to the Sun: hence the present estimate has to be considered as an upper limit to the jet wind mass loading.

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Wednesday, June 20: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Tian, Hui Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Coronal outflows from active region boundaries and CME-induced dimming regions Hui Tian, NCAR Scott W. McIntosh, NCAR Bart De Pontieu, Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory Boundaries of active regions have been suggested to be possible sources of the slow solar wind. X-ray and EUV imaging observations often reveal high-speed (~100 km/s) quasi-periodic propagating disturbances (PDs) along the fan-like structures at edges of active regions. Meanwhile EUV spectroscopic observations of active region boundaries usually reveal a blue shift of the order of 20 km/s and no periodicity. We think that the key to solve these discrepancies is the asymmetry of the emission line profile. The ubiquitous presence of blueward asymmetries of EUV emission line profiles suggests at least two emission components: a primary component accounting for the background coronal emission and a weak secondary component associated with high-speed (~100 km/s) upflows. Through jointed imaging and spectroscopic observations, we have demonstrated that the PDs are responsible for the secondary component of line profiles and suggested that they may be an efficient means to provide heated mass into the corona and solar wind. The intermittent nature of these high-speed outflows (fine-scale jets) suggests that the mass supply to the corona and solar wind is episodic rather than continuous. Similar spectroscopic signatures have also been found in CME-induced dimming regions, suggesting possible solar wind streams from dimming regions. Unresolved problems include the production mechanism of these high-speed outflows and the connection between these outflows to the interplanetary space.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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Wednesday, June 20: 4:00 - 4:15 pm Presenter: Roberts, Aaron Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar Wind Fluctuations: Not Your Grandmothers Turbulence D. Aaron Roberts, NASA GSFC Robert T. Wicks, NASA GSFC For a while it seemed like a simple fluid-like, self-similar, Kolomogoroff cascade was the easy explanation for the nature and evolution of the majority of solar wind fluctuations. More recently we have found that the cascade is not stirred at large scales; the velocity and magnetic spectra evolve differently with different inertial ranges in both slope (until far from the Sun) and wavenumber range (everywhere); anisotropy in both variances and spectral characteristics are the order of the day and are strongly scale dependent; and it is not clear what fraction of the fluctuations should be considered to be turbulent as opposed to, for example, convected structures. This talk will review some recent results in these areas, and attempt to characterize where we are in our understanding. Wednesday, June 20: 4:15 - 4:30 pm Presenter: Ofman, Leon Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Modeling the heating and acceleration of the solar wind with a turbulent Alfvenic wave spectrum Leon Ofman, CUA/NASA GSFC Yana Maneva, CUA/NASA GSFC Recent coronal observations show ample evidence of Alfvenic waves that appear to carry sufficient energy flux that can produce the fast solar wind. The observed power spectrum of these waves varies between f^-1 to f^-5/3 in the low to high frequency bands, and to steeper spectrum in the dissipation range (i.e., on the order of the proton gyroresonance). We model the electronproton-alpha particle solar wind with 2.5D multifluid model in the low frequency and large-scale range, and with 2D hybrid model in the small-scale proton gyroresonant frequency range. We find the low frequency Alfvenic waves accelerate the solar wind by momentum transfer, while the high frequency waves heat preferentially the alpha particles. The gyroresonant wave spectrum is produced by super-Alfvenic ion beams, and by direct boundary excitation in the hybrid model, and the effects of solar wind expansion are considered. We find that the preferential heating of the alpha particles can contribute significantly to the acceleration and heating of the fast solar wind in coronal holes. Wednesday, June 20: 4:30 - 5:00 pm Presenter: Zurbuchen, Thomas Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 A Decadal Strategy for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) Thomas H. Zurbuchen, University of Michigan Daniel N. Baker, University of Colorado We are providing the results of the broad assessment of the scientific priorities of the US solar and space physics research enterprise for the period 2013-2022, under the auspices of the National Research Councils Space Studies Board. This presentation will address the process and key results for this survey. Specifically, we will discuss the most compelling science challenges that are likely to drive the research and also discuss how this research is impacting society as a whole.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

ParallelSession1
Wednesday, June 20: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Cairns, Iver Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Production of Type II Solar Radio Bursts by CME-Driven Shocks Iver H. Cairns, University of Sydney Joachim Schmidt Dean S. Hillan Type II bursts involve electron acceleration at shocks, either driven by coronal mass ejection (CMEs) or blast waves. The standard theory involves the formation of beams of accelerated electrons upstream of the shock, the generation of electrostatic Langmuir waves near the local electron plasma frequency fp, and the production of radiation near fp and near 2fp by various linear and nonlinear processes involving Langmuir waves. Over the last ten years analytic descriptions of this physics have been developed and then combined into a numerical model that predicts the radiation produced as a macroscopic rippled shock moves with an assumed velocity profile through models of the inhomogeneous corona and solar wind. These background plasma profiles are now produced by combining plasma and magnetic field data at 1 AU (Wind or ACE) with power-law radial profiles, guided by the Parker solar wind model and empirical temperature models. This paper has three primary goals. First, to demonstrate that combining the type II theory with data-driven solar wind models yields dynamic spectra that agree well with several wellobserved type II events and can be used to extract the time-varying shock properties. The agreement in the details of the dynamic spectra (correlation coefficients of 40-50% and offsets in time and frequency that are less than 10%) and agreement of the typical emission level to within a factor of 10 is very good for a cradle-to-grave theory with no free parameters and a limited solar wind model. These initial data-theory comparisons suggest that the present theory for type II bursts agrees broadly with the available observations. Second, to show the results of a refined ``bolt-on model in which an entirely analytic theoretical description is applied to the output of MHD simulations of self-consistent shock evolution through a background corona. The predicted dynamic spectra and source regions are not inconsistent with observations.

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Wednesday, June 20: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Maksimovic, Milan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 WIND & STEREO observations of Type III Radio Bursts : Langmuir Waves Statistics and radio power radial variation M. Maksimovic, CNRS & LESIA, Paris Observatory, France S. Vidojevic, (1) LESIA, Paris Observatory, France; (2) Mathematical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Serbia V. Krupar (1) LESIA, Paris Observatory, France; (2) Charles University of Prague, Czech Republic A. Zaslavsky, UPMC & LESIA, Paris Observatory, France Interplanetary electron beams, produced by solar flares or CMEs, are unstable in the solar wind and generate Langmuir waves at the local plasma frequency Fp. These waves are then converted into the so-called Type III radio bursts which are freely propagating electromagnetic emissions at Fp or its harmonic. We present new observations obtained by the WIND & STEREO spacecraft on the associated Langmuir Waves Statistics and radio power radial variations. We discuss possible improvements with the Radio and Plasma Waves (RPW) instrument onboard the Solar orbiter mission.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession1
Wednesday, June 20: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Poedts, Stefaan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 A model for the evolution of slow coronal mass ejections up to 1 AU S. Poedts, CPA/KU Leuven S. Devriese, CPA/KU Leuven C. Jacobs, CPA/KU Leuven F. Zuccarello, CPA/KU Leuven Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most important drivers of the space weather and, therefore, most studies focus on the fast and thus most dangerous events. However, the `typical' or average CME propagates at a velocity close to the slow solar wind speed and, especially during solar minimum, fast CMEs are in fact rather exceptional. Yet, also the magnetic clouds associated to the slower CMEs are recognized to be able to cause significant geomagnetic disturbances. In this research a CME was simulated under solar minimum conditions and its propagation was followed up to 1AU. The CME was initiated by shearing the magnetic foot points of a magnetic arcade which was positioned north of the equatorial plane and embedded in a larger helmet streamer. The overlying magnetic field deflects the CME towards the equator, and the deflection path is dependent on the driving velocity. The core of the CME contains a magnetic flux rope and the density shows the typical three-part CME structure. The resulting CME propagates only slightly faster than the background solar wind, but the excess speed is high enough to create a fast MHD shock wave from a distance of 0.25AU onwards. At 1AU the plasma shows the typical characteristics of a magnetic cloud}, and the simulated data are in good agreement with the observations.

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Wednesday, June 20: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Riley, Pete Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Ensemble Modeling of the Solar Corona and Inner Heliosphere Pete Riley, Jon Linker, Roberto Lionello, Zoran Mikic, and Cooper Downs, Predictive Science, Inc. Carl Henney and C. Nick Arge, Space Vehicles Directorate, AFRL Ensemble modeling is a method of prediction based on using a representative sample of possible future states, where the uncertainties can be broadly traced to either: (i) initial (or boundary) conditions; or (2) model formalism. Global models of the solar corona and inner heliosphere are now maturing to the point of becoming predictive tools such that it is both meaningful and necessary to quantitatively assess their uncertainty and limitations. In this study, we apply simple ensemble modeling techniques in a first step toward quantifying the accuracy of global MHD solutions of the ambient corona and inner heliosphere. To assess the sensitivity of the predictions to boundary conditions, we compute solutions using synoptic magnetograms from seven solar observatories as well as multiple realizations of synchronic maps produced by AFRL's ADAPT model. Model sensitivity is explored using combinations of three coronal x two heliospheric models. We develop skill scores for each of the realizations and compare them with the ensemble mean, finding that the latter match the observations better than any of the individual realizations. Our results provide a baseline from which future improvements can be compared.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession2
Wednesday, June 20: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Tokumaru, Munetoshi Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Evolution of global distribution of the solar wind from cycle 23 to the early phase of cycle 24 Munetoshi Tokumaru, Kenichi Fujiki, and Masayoshi Kojima, Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University Global observations of the solar wind have been carried out regularly since early 1980s at the Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory (STEL) of Nagoya University using the 327-MHz multistation interplanetary scintillation (IPS) system. IPS observations which enable access to high latitude solar winds are valuable, since Ulysses measurements are no longer available at present. Our IPS data collected over more than three decades reveals that the solar wind systematically changes its large-scale structure with the solar cycle. We note that IPS data taken in the extended solar minimum between cycles 23 and 24 show a clear difference to those in past minima. This fact is considered to be closely linked with the weakening of the Suns polar magnetic field. Recent IPS observations suggest that the solar wind evolves rapidly, being closely associated with the rise of the solar activity. We find that polar fast solar winds greatly diminish in size, and slow solar winds dominate the whole source surface. This feature is similar to what we observed in the past solar maxima, but out IPS data show low-latitude fast winds in this cycle exist more frequently than the past. Another important point revealed from our IPS observations is that solar wind density fluctuations distinctly drop after the declining phase of cycle 23. This is consistent with a significant reduction in solar wind density observed by in situ, while our IPS data directly show that this reduction occurs globally.

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Wednesday, June 20: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Elliott, Heather Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Solar Wind Temperature and Speed From 5 to 23 AU Heather Elliott, Southwest Res. Inst., San Antonio,TX David McComas, Southwest Res. Inst., San Antonio,TX Peter Delamere, Univ. Colorado, Boulder, CO John Richardson, Mass. Inst. of Tech., Boston, MA Charles Smith, Univ. New Hampshire, Durham, NH Bernard Vasquez, Univ. New Hampshire, Durham, NH The Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) instrument on the New Horizons spacecraft recently collected 79 days of solar wind measurements spanning from about 22 to 23 AU while in hibernation from January 28, to April 15, 2012. We examine how the peak solar wind speed in the New Horizons measurements vary with distance and report on progress toward automating the fitting of the SWAP solar wind count rate distributions. We fit simulated count rate distributions to test if our technique can recover the input solar wind conditions. To provide a baseline for a temperature-speed (T-V) relationship study using SWAP measurements, we extend our Ulysses (1<R<5.4) study of the radial dependence of the T-V relationship to greater distances by examining the speed-temperature relationship in the Voyager 2 solar wind measurements.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

Thursday, June 21: 8:00 - 8:30 am Presenter: Stone, Edward Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The Interaction of the Heliosphere and the Interstellar Wind: An Overview Edward Stone, California Institute of Technology Voyager 1 and 2 are exploring the spatial and dynamical properties of heliosheath as they approach the heliopause and the edge of interstellar space. At 121 AU in the northern hemisphere, Voyager 1 is in a stagnation region with a slow and erratic plasma flow, an increased magnetic field intensity, and evolving intensities of energetic ions and electrons as the heliopause is approached. In contrast, the wind in the southern heliosphere at ~99 AU is faster and turning to flow down the tail of the heliosphere. IBEX and Cassini observations of Energetic Neutral Atoms map the global interaction as the solar wind varies with the solar cycle and determine properties of the flow of interstellar atoms. These observations will be discussed in the context of models of the dynamical interaction between and solar and interstellar winds. Thursday, June 21: 8:30 - 9:00 am Presenter: Heerikhuisen, Jacob Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Connection of the solar wind with the interstellar medium through numerical modeling Jacob Heerikhuisen, University of Alabama in Huntsville Nikolai Pogorelov, University of Alabama in Huntsville Gary Zank, University of Alabama in Huntsville Eric Zirnstein, University of Alabama in Huntsville Akito Kawamura, University of Alabama in Huntsville The last decade has seen an significant improvement in measurements from the heliospheric interface. The Voyager 1 & 2 spacecraft crossed the solar wind (SW) termination shock (TS) in 2004 & 2008, respectively, and continue to provide priceless in-situ data of the subsonic SW. In 2008, NASA's IBEX satellite was launched. It has been constructing maps of the sky in neutral atom flux, from earth orbit. This combination of in-situ single-path and remote all-sky data has revolutionized the field. Numerical simulations that solve the boundary value problem of the SW interacting with the local interstellar medium (LISM) have had to make similar bounds to keep up with the available data. I will present results from our latest simulations that couple an MHD description of the ions to a kinetic description of the neutral hydrogen component (of interstellar origin). These simulations are 3D and highlight the importance of the LISM magnetic field. I will present results for the ion and neutral components, and also the energetic neutral atom (ENA) component which can be directly compared to data from IBEX. I will also present some preliminary time-dependent simulations.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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Thursday, June 21: 9:00 - 9:30 am Presenter: Vasyliunas, Vytenis Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Role of the solar wind in the structure and dynamics of magnetospheres Vytenis M. Vasyliunas, Max-Planck-Institut f. Sonnensystemforschung How the solar wind compresses the magnetic field of a planet to form the dayside magnetosphere is well understood, on a quantitative first-principles level. How the magnetotail on the nightside is formed remains, by contrast, a topic of research and controversy. The configuration of the magnetotail implies an antisunward force on the planet: a continuous supply of antisunward linear momentum, which must be extracted ultimately from the solar wind by some process, most commonly assumed to be the tension of open magnetic field lines extending from the planet into the interplanetary medium. Formation of the magnetotail as the result of magnetic reconnection initially on the dayside and then on the nightside is understood qualitatively; for the basic quantitative parameters of the resulting configuration, however, there are numerous empirical determinations but no generally accepted theoretical estimates. Time variability of reconnection and of magnetotail properties, together with their dependence on solar-wind parameters and their coupling to the ionosphere and atmosphere, are essential ingredients of substorms, magnetic storms, and space weather events at Earth, as well as of analogous (or at least similar) phenomena in the magnetospheres of other planets. At Jupiter and Saturn, the additional effects of rapid rotation and of plasma source from the moons raise the question of how important their roles are in comparison to that of the solar wind. Thursday, June 21: 9:30 - 10:00 am Presenter: McComas, David Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Physics Derived from IBEX ENA Fluxes and Direct Interstellar Neutral Measurements D.J. McComas, Southwest Research Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, on behalf of the entire IBEX Science Team The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission has observed the global interaction of our heliosphere with the local interstellar medium (LISM) for over three years. Initially, IBEX generated the first all-sky maps of ~0.1-6 keV Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) from the boundaries and discovered a smoothly varying, globally distributed ENA flux overlaid by a narrow ribbon of significantly enhanced ENA emissions, which is apparently ordered by the external magnetic field in the LISM. Since then, IBEX has completed five more energy-resolved sets of sky maps and discovered small but important time variations, separated the ribbon and globally distributed fluxes, measured spectral shapes, inferred ion source temperatures, and carried out many other observational and theoretical studies. In a second major area of observations - direct measurements of interstellar neutral atoms from the LISM (six papers just published in a special ApJ Supplement) - IBEX measures interstellar H, He, O, and N and shows that the heliospheric motion with respect to the LISM is slower and in a somewhat different direction than thought from prior Ulysses observations. Pulling together the pieces of the slower interstellar flow and larger magnetic field indicated by the IBEX ENA observations (and asymmetric Voyager Termination Shock crossings), these observations and supporting theory and modeling strongly indicate that there is currently no Bow Shock ahead of the heliosphere.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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Thursday, June 21: 10:30 - 10:50 am Presenter: Scime, Earl Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Magnetospheric Convection and Evolution of the Magnetotail During Storms Driven by High Speed Streams in the Solar Wind E. Scime, West Virginia Univ. A.M. Keesee, West Virginia Univ. J.G. Elfritz, West Virginia Univ. D.J. McComas, Southwest Res. Inst., UT - San Antonio While geomagnetic storms can be driven by interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and high speed streams (HSSs) in the solar wind, the magnetospheric response varies depending on the driver. For example, electron and ion temperatures measured at geosynchronous orbit increase during both types of storms, but the temperature increase is much larger during HSSdriven storms [Denton et al., 2006]. For HSS-driven storms, ion temperatures measured at geosynchronous orbit increase sharply at the time of convection onset and remain elevated for the duration of the HSS-driven event [Denton and Borovsky, 2008]. On 22 July 2009, a high speed stream yielded a moderate (minimum Dst of -79 nT) storm, one of the largest that occurred during the extended solar minimum between January 2007 and September 2010. We present global magnetospheric measurements obtained with an energetic neutral atom (ENA) imager of the TWINS mission during the main phase of the storm. Ion temperatures images obtained from the ENA measurements show a storm-time increase in ion temperature and a subsequent convection of hot ions to geosynchronous orbit where they can drive the ring current. In the magnetotail, a region of hot ions near local midnight is observed that may be associated with substorm-related bursty bulk flows. Data permitting, we will also present comparisons of storms driven by ICMEs and HSSs of similar peak speeds. Thursday, June 21: 10:50 - 11:10 am Presenter: Smith, Charles Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Ulysses Observations of Magnetic Waves due to Newborn Interstellar Pickup Ions and Why They are So Seldom Seen B. E. Cannon, C. W. Smith, P. A. Isenberg, B. J. Vasquez and C. J. Joyce / UNH N. Murphy / JPL R. G. Nuno / UCLA Theoretical expectations for the generation of magnetic waves by isotropization of interstellar pickup ions (PUIs) in the solar wind are largely derived from the observations and theory of pickup ion waves in cometary environments. Much of the physics is the same. However, the local density of interstellar neutral particles is orders of magnitude smaller than the neutral densities treated at active comets. Furthermore, the early expectation that the wave energy should accumulate in the solar wind as the wind expands outward over many AU is not justified. Turbulent processes will continuously broaden the PUI spectral enhancements as they are generated, and we know that this energy needs to enter into the background turbulent cascade to provide the heating of core solar wind protons as observed at Voyager. We examine 72 observations of magnetic wave enhancements due to newborn PUIs recorded by the Ulysses spacecraft. We show that, typically, the turbulent energy cascade rate in the solar wind is higher than the expected PUI wave excitation rate, preventing the wave enhancements from being observed. When PUI waves are seen, the background magnetic spectrum is lower than usual, yielding a lower turbulent energy cascade rate. By balancing PUI energy injection via ionization and scattering against the turbulent cascade and dissipation, we predict the intensity of the expected PUI waves, accounting for both their power levels when observed and their more common invisibility.

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Thursday, June 21: 11:10 - 11:30 am Presenter: Marsch, Eckart Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Diffusion in velocity space of solar wind protons exposed to parallel and oblique plasma waves Eckart Marsch, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany Chuanyi Tu, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China The solar wind plasma is permeated by all kinds of waves having a broad range of wavelengths and frequencies. Kinetic plasma waves in particular can resonantly interact with the ions, a process which is described within quasilinear theory as diffusion or inelastic scattering. The resulting effects on the proton velocity distribution function (VDF) and on heavy ions are discussed. Theoretical predictions are compared with detailed plasma measurements made in-situ by the Helios spacecraft, and found to comply favourably with resonant diffusion of the protons in obliquely propagating Alfven/ion-cyclotron and slow-mode/ion-acoustic waves. The shape of the VDF showing a beam at positive proton velocities in the solar wind frame can be well explained by diffusion of the protons in oblique and weakly compressive waves propagating away from the Sun. The relevant spatial scale involved is the proton inertial length or skin depth, at which the disspation of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence by absorption of plasma waves seems to take place. Thursday, June 21: 11:30 - 11:50 am Presenter: Howes, Gregory Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Theoretical Perspectives on Kinetic Turbulence in the Solar Wind Gregory G. Howes, University of Iowa In this talk, I review recent progress in understanding the physics underlying the electromagnetic fluctuations in the dissipation range of solar wind turbulence. This regime of kinetic turbulence represents a particular challenge for theoretical and numerical modeling as well as for analysis and interpretation of spacecraft measurements. I will present a fairly complete theoretical framework for understanding the dissipation range turbulent fluctuations, the mechanisms responsible for their dissipation, and the resulting plasma heating. I will review supporting and conflicting evidence for this theoretical picture from nonlinear kinetic simulations and novel analysis of spacecraft measurements.

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Thursday, June 21: 11:50 - 12:10 pm Presenter: Giacalone, Joe Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar-energetic particles accelerated by strong interplanetary shocks at 1 AU Joe Giacalone, University of Arizona We present results from an analysis of spacecraft observations of energetic particles, plasma, and magnetic fields associated with strong interplanetary shocks seen by the Advanced Composition Explorer from 1998-2003. Strong shocks are identified in our study by meeting two specific criteria: (a) the Alfven Mach number is greater than 3, and (b) the plasma density jump across the shock is greater than 2.5. A total of 19 shocks were studied, and in all cases, except one, the intensity of suprathermal ions in the 46-65 keV energy range rose to a quasi-plateau, or peaked, at the same time the shock crossed the spacecraft. Thus, there is a clear association of suprathermal ions with strong interplanetary shocks. Moreover, the intensity at the time of the shock passage compared to the intensity seen one day before is typically larger than an order of magnitude, and sometimes as large as two orders of magnitude. We also present an analysis of the energy spectra and the time-intensity profiles of energetic ions associated with these shocks. We find that there is a good agreement between these observations and the predictions of diffusive shock acceleration. We will also present an analysis of the acceleration efficiency and time scale of acceleration inferred from these observations and discusses the implications of these results for the physics of particle acceleration at shocks. Thursday, June 21: 12:10 - 12:30 pm Presenter: Berger, Lars Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Inflow direction of the interstellar medium deduced from pickup ion measurements at 1 AU Christian Drews, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Lars Berger, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Robert Wimmer-Schweingruber, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Peter Bochsler, University of New Hampshire Antoinette Galvin, University of New Hampshire Berndt Klecker, Max-Planck Institute Garchingen Eberhard Mbius, Los Alamos National Laboratory By an analysis of the so-called pickup ion focusing cone, which forms under the influence of the Sun's gravitational field, and the pickup ion crescent, which is a result of the enduring depletion of interstellar neutrals during their flight through the heliosphere, we can give an accurate value for the inflow direction (ISM) of interstellar matter. For that we performed an epoch analysis of interstellar pickup ions using the PLAsma and SupraThermal Ion Composition instrument (PLASTIC) on the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory mission and were able to reveal in-situ the longitudinal distribution of interstellar He+, O+ and Ne+ pickup ions in the ecliptic plane at 1 AU. Four years of data collected with PLASTIC aboard STEREO A provided sufficient statistics not only to obtain values for the inflow direction of interstellar helium ((Cone)=77.4+-1.9 and (Crescent)=80.2+-5.4, deduced from an analysis of the He+ focusing cone and crescent respectively), but also to derive values for the inflow direction of interstellar neon ((Cone)=77.4+5.0 and (Crescent)=79.4 +- 2.6) and oxygen ((Crescent)=78.4 +- 3.1). Although, our values for He+, O+ and Ne+ are consistent with results from ACE, Ulysses, and Prognoz 6 considering the statistical and systematic uncertainties (except (Ne, Cone)), they are systematically larger than the previously accepted values of 74.99 +-0.55 and show a better agreement with values from IBEX ( =79+3.0(-3.5)).

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession1
Thursday, June 21: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Cummings, Alan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Voyager Energetic Particle Observations in the Heliosheath A.C. Cummings and E.C. Stone, Caltech F.B. McDonald, UMd B.C. Heikkila and N. Lal, GSFC W.R. Webber, NMSU The two Voyager spacecraft are now well into the heliosheath. Voyager 1 (V1) crossed the solar wind termination shock in December 2004 at a radial distance of 94.0 AU and at a heliolatitude of 34.1 N. V1 is now at 120.9 AU and 34.5 N, so V1 is nearly 27 AU beyond the point where it entered the heliosheath. Voyager 2 (V2) crossed the termination shock in late August 2007 at 83.0 AU and 27.4 S and is now at 98.8 AU and 29.9 S. The ACR energy spectra at the time of the shock crossings were not the anticipated source spectra; however, there was a low-energy component accelerated at the shock but with the higher energy ACRs coming from a remote location. At both spacecraft there was a rapid unfolding of the energy spectra that began at different times but at perhaps a boundary of a spatial structure that conforms to the asymmetric shape of the heliosphere. The ACR intensities at the higher energies are currently greater at V2 than at V1. Other intriguing changes are occurring and we will present the latest observations at the conference and relate them to the differing theories for the acceleration site and mechanism of ACRs. In addition, our observations of the anisotropies of low-energy protons (>0.5 MeV) during the occasional 5.5 hour rolls of the spacecraft about the radial axis provide estimates of the solar wind flow in the direction normal to the helioequatorial plane, which is not measured directly on V1. We will report on those observations as well.

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Thursday, June 21: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Fisk, Len Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The Consequences of Increased Turbulence at the Heliopause Len Fisk, University of Michigan George Gloeckler, University of Michigan Voyager 1 is now at ~120 AU from the Sun, deep into the heliosheath, and is observing several puzzling phenomena. The apparent radial convection speed of the solar wind, which is inferred from measurements of the anisotropies of ~50 keV ions, has turned negative, inward toward the Sun. The intensity of anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) is decreasing. There still appears to be substantial modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). We point out that these recent Voyager 1 observations, plus several other observations, can be understood provided that the velocity of the turbulent motions increases to ~150 km s-1 in a broad region around a heliopause estimated to be at 140 AU. We develop a theory for diffusion of particles due to turbulent motions, and apply this theory to explain the Voyager observations.

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Thursday, June 21: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Zank, Gary Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 On the possibility of a shock-free-like transition in the heliosphere-LISM interaction G.P. Zank, University of Alabama in Huntsville I. Kryukov, University of Alabama in Huntsville A. Dosch, University of Alabama in Huntsville J. Heerikhuisen, University of Alabama in Huntsville N.V. Pogorelov, University of Alabama in Huntsville S. Borovikov, University of Alabama in Huntsville The local interstellar medium (LISM) is a partially ionized plasma environment where protons and neutral Hydrogen (H) are coupled via the process of charge exchange. Although equilibrated in the LISM, plasma boundaries, especially collisionless shock waves, lead to a rapid change of the plasma parameters. Charge exchange however leads to the exchange of energy and momentum upstream and downstream of the shock in a way that is distinctly non-classical, and consequently yields a shock structure that can be mediated by interstellar neutral H. We distinguish between this and previous studies by Mullan [1971] and Draine [1980] in which neutral H shocks have been discussed in an astrophysical context. We elaborate on the basic shock physics underlying the interaction of plasma and neutral H and discuss this in the context of the solar wind LISM interaction problem. We show that the charge exchange interaction can yield a shock wave structure that appears smooth over a diffusion scale that is derived from the charge exchange mean free path.

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ParallelSession2
Thursday, June 21: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Mikic, Zoran Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 The Challenge in Making Models of Fast CMEs Zoran Mikic Tibor Torok Viacheslav Titov Jon A. Linker Roberto Lionello Cooper Downs Pete Riley Predictive Science, Inc. It has been a challenge to explain theoretically how fast CMEs occur. By fast CMEs we mean those whose speed significantly exceeds the ambient solar wind speed (i.e., exceeding ~ 1,000 km/s). In order to explain fast CMEs, we need to demonstrate that a significant fraction of the magnetic energy in the active region can be converted into kinetic energy: to accelerate the CME, to produce a shock wave low in the corona, to open overlying closed magnetic field lines, allowing it to propagate into the heliosphere, and to accelerate energetic particles. Our numerical models suggest that it is not easy to extract a significant fraction of the magnetic energy from an active region for these purposes. We have been studying CME models that are constrained by observed magnetic fields, with realistic coronal plasma density and temperature profiles, as derived from thermodynamic models of the corona. We find that to get fast CMEs, the important parameters are the the magnetic energy density, the magnetic field decay index (e.g., Kliem & Torok 2006), and the Alfvn speed profile in active regions. We will describe how we energize active regions, and how we subsequently initiate CMEs via motions that converge toward the neutral line, leading to flux cancellation. We will contrast idealized zero-beta models with more sophisticated models based on thermodynamic solutions. We believe that this methodology is a path that will lead to an understanding of fast CMEs.Research supported by NASA and NSF.

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Thursday, June 21: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: DeForest, Craig Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Quantitative Imaging of the Solar wind Craig DeForest, Southwest Research Institute Tim Howard, Southwest Research Institute The solar wind is visible to wide-field cameras via Thomson scattering of sunlight by free electrons. Analyzing the data is not without challenge: the Thomson scattered signal is superposed on a starfield and galaxy that are between 3 and 4 orders of magnitude brighter than solar wind structures. Nevertheless, with our analysis pipeline is it possible, for the first time, to produce quantitative imagery of the slow solar wind itself as it propagates and evolves. We present a survey of recent results, including quantitative analysis of CME physics, disconnection events, and packets of "quiescent" slow solar wind, and discuss how imaging and in situ analysis dovetail to produce new insight.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession2
Thursday, June 21: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Linker, Jon Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Coronal and Heliospheric Modeling Using Flux-Evolved Maps Jon A. Linker, Predictive Science, Inc. Zoran Mikic, Predictive Science, Inc. Pete Riley, Predictive Science, Inc. Cooper Downs, Predictive Science, Inc. Roberto Lionello, Predictive Science, Inc. Carl Henney, Space Vehicles Directorate, AFRL Charles N. Arge, Space Vehicles Directorate, AFRL Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations are now routinely used to produce models of the solar corona and inner heliosphere for specific time periods. These models typically use magnetic maps of the photospheric magnetic field built up over a solar rotation, and are available from a number of ground-based and space-based solar observatories. Two well-known problems arise from the use of these "synoptic" maps. First, the line-of-sight field at the Sun's poles is poorly observed, and the polar fields in these maps are filled with a variety of interpolation/extrapolation techniques. Second, the synoptic maps contain data that is as much as 27 days old. The Sun's magnetic flux is always evolving, and these changes in the flux affect coronal and heliospheric structure. Flux evolution models can in principle alleviate both these difficulties, by providing physical approximations for the polar fields and by estimating the likely state of the field on unobserved portions of the Sun. In this study, we discuss coronal models computed using magnetic boundary conditions derived from the Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric flux Transport (ADAPT) model. We comment on the implications of the results, especially for the expansion of the Sun's polar magnetic field into the heliosphere.Research supported by AFOSR, NASA, and NSF. Thursday, June 21: 4:00 - 4:30 pm Presenter: Frisch, Priscilla Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Characteristics of the Local Interstellar Magnetic Field Priscilla C. Frisch, University of Chicago Since the first heliosphere model by Leverett Davis Jr in 1955, the influence of the galactic magnetic field on the heliosphere cavity has been recognized. With new data from IBEX and the Voyager spacecraft, and the MHD models explaining those data, the heliosphere itself has become a probe of the interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) in the interstellar cloud surrounding the Sun. Because of the very low interstellar densities nearby, the local ISMF is traceable mainly by high-sensitivity observations of polarized starlight caused by magnetically aligned foreground dust grains. New results, which use optically polarized starlight to infer the direction of the ISMF within 40 pc, show that the orientation of the global magnetic field traced by both the polarization and heliosphere data are consistent. The best-fitting ISMF direction from the polarization measurements supports the view that the Sun is embedded in a fragment, or filament, of a superbubble shell originating in the Sco-Cen Association, with the ISMF approximately parallel to the filament elongation. Comparisons of the local ISMF direction with pulsar ISMF data indicates that Loop I itself must be an incomplete bubble that opens (or blends) into the large-scale interarm field. If the approximately 30 degree difference between the center of the IBEX ribbon arc and the best-fitting interstellar field direction is real, a change in the magnetic field direction probably occurs at the boundary between the LIC and G-cloud. If so, IBEX is capable of detecting this change (which could occur anytime).

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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Thursday, June 21: 4:30 - 5:00 pm Presenter: Schwadron, Nathan Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Future Exploration of Our Changing Heliosphere, Our Home within the Galaxy Nathan Schwadron, University of New Hampshire Heliophysics has made leaps in understanding the origins of solar wind and its interactions with the local interstellar medium (LISM), which form the boundaries that define our global and evolving heliosphere. We have uncovered remarkable connections between solar wind and the emergence and reconfiguration of magnetic flux at the Sun. We now understand the importance of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) in setting the levels of magnetic flux throughout the heliosphere, and thus its connection to the evolution of the Sun. We can now trace the changes in energetic particles and cosmic rays through the solar cycle back to the reconfiguration of magnetic fields at the Sun, and the release of transient CMEs and solar flares. We have discovered through direct measurement by the Voyager spacecraft the termination shock - innermost boundary of the interaction of the solar wind with the LISM. The Voyagers are now exploring the heliosheath and are poised for passage through the heliopause where they will sample the local galactic medium for the first time. The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission has imaged the global interaction of the solar wind with the LISM, discovered the IBEX ribbon that is apparently controlled by the LISM magnetic field, and the properties of the LISM. The challenge today is discover how the evolving Sun controls the changing boundaries of our heliosphere, and the conditions of solar wind, magnetic fields, energetic particles and cosmic rays throughout the heliosphere. Through new missions such as Solar Probe Plus, Solar Orbiter and the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) we are poised to learn how the evolving Sun and LISM control the physical processes that define the conditions of our evolving home within the galaxy.

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Thursday, June 21: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Richardson, John Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Voyager 2 observations of plasma in the heliosheath John D Richardson, M.I.T. Voyager 2 continues to observe a highly variable heliosheath plasma with time scales for these variations of order tens of minutes. The speed of the plasma has surprisingly remained on average constant at 150 km/s across the heliosheath, but the flow has turned towards the tail. The flow angle in the RT plane is ~57 degrees and in the RN plane -25 degrees, so most flow is around the sides of the heliosphere. The density observed in the heliosheath has increased by a factor of two since 2011,possibly due to the evolving solar cycle.

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession1
Thursday, June 21: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Mbius, Eberhard Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Analytical Model of the IBEX Ribbon Due to Neutral Solar WInd Related Ion Pickup Outside the Heliospheric Boundary Eberhard Mbius(1),(2), Kaijun Liu(1), S. Peter Gary(1), and Dan Winske(1) (1) Los Alamos National Laboratory (2) Space Science Center and Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire The first energetic neutral atom (ENA) maps of the heliospheric boundary obtained with the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) have revealed a surprising narrow band of increased intensity, termed the Ribbon, which in turn was attributed to the ordering effect of the interstellar magnetic field immediately outside of the heliosphere. Currently, there are more than half a dozen models that attempt an explanation for the substantially enhanced ENA intensity along the Ribbon relative to the underlying distributed ENAs. While the model by Heerikhuisen et al. (2010) based on a neutral solar wind origin of the Ribbon ENAs reflects angular and energy distributions in the Ribbon correctly, it appears to have inherent difficulties with the long-term stability of the intermediate pickup ion (PUI) ring distribution, required to obtain the observed ENA fluxes, and with the time variations observed already after less than one year. We provide a simplified analytical model of the neutral solar wind, intermediate PUI production and convection towards the heliopause perpendicular to the magnetic field with the interstellar flow, and subsequent ENA production. Extinction of the neutral solar wind outward as well as of the PUIs and the ENAs on their way inward are taken into account. Based on hybrid simulations of the PUI injection found here (see also presentation by Gary et al.) it is shown that any scattering and thus isotropization of the PUIs is noticeably weaker than previously thought. Assuming a stable PUI ring distribution, we find that the estimated Ribbon intensity is compatible with the observations and that a large fraction of the intensity originates from a few tens of AU just outside the heliopause. Heerikhuisen, J., et al. (2010) Astrophys. J. 708, L126

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

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ParallelSession1
Thursday, June 21: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Pogorelov, Nikolai Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Unsteady Processes in the Vicinity of the Heliopause Nikolai V. Pogorelov, UAHuntsville Sergey N. Borovikov, UAHuntsville Leonard A. Burlaga, Goddard Space Flight Center Robert W. Ebert, Southwest Research Institute Bernard V. Jackson, UC San Diego Tae K. Kim, UAHuntsville Igor A. Kryukov, UAHuntsville Steven T. Suess, NSSTC Hsui--Shan Yu, UC SanDiego Gary P. Zank, UAHuntsville As the twin Voyager spacecraft approach the boundary of the heliosphere, they continue returning new and unexplained measurements of the solar wind (SW) protons, energetic particles, and magnetic field that often differ markedly between the two spacecraft. Our recent studies show that time-dependent effects play a crucial role in the understanding and interpreting the observational data. Since the SW is unsteady on many different time scales, its interaction with the local interstellar medium (LISM) should reflect the solar rotation and cycle, as well as merged interplanetary disturbances. Our simpler solar cycle model predicted the appearance of a negative radial velocity component in the SW as the heliopause is approached. Based on further analysis performed after the Voyager 1 that showed a nearly vanishing latitudinal velocity component, we suggested a qualitative explanation, which was that this revealed magnetic barriers due to the slow-fast stream interaction. We present an analysis of the time-dependent heliosheath flow using now a solar cycle model based on the Ulysses measurements. The effect of corotating interaction regions is shown to be visible in the heliosheath, beyond the heliospheric termination shock (TS). We compare the contributions of charge exchange between the SW ions and LISM neutral atoms, interstellar magnetic field pressure exerted on the heliopause, and solar cycle effects on the TS asymmetry. We discuss the heliopause instabilities and demonstrate that Voyagers are unlikely to see a sharp boundary between the SW and the LISM, but rather a mixing layer of varying width. We also discuss different ways to obtain self-consistent, time-dependent boundary conditions in the inner heliosphere, such as using in-situ OMNI data and remote interplanetary scintillation measurements, to ensure an adequate simulation of the SW flow and heliospheric magnetic field, with the thermal and non-thermal components being described as separate plasma species.

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ParallelSession2
Thursday, June 21: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Kilpua, Emilia Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and small ICME-like structures in the solar wind during the recent low solar minimum E.K.J. Kilpua, University of Helsinki L.K. Jian, University of Maryland, Goddard Space Flight Center J.G. Luhmann, SSL, UCB C.T. Russell, UCLA, USA In this presentation we will give an overview of ICMEs and small/weak ICME-like structures during 2007-2010 identified using observations from the near-Earth and STEREO spacecraft. Generally low interplanetary magnetic field strength during this time period allowed us to identify weak and small solar wind structures. The number of ICME-like structures peaked near solar minimum, while the number of ICMEs increased in the early rising phase of cycle 24. The studied events display continuous distributions in duration and magnetic field magnitude ranging from a few hours to several days and from a few nanoteslas to a few tens of nanoteslas, respectively. Thus, we observed a gradual transition from ICME-like structures to ICMEs, but our analysis of the background solar wind suggests that they originate (at least partly) from different solar regions. We found that ICME-like transients generally occur closer to slow-fast stream interaction regions than ICMEs implying that they tend to arise close to coronal hole boundaries and thus may have an important role in coronal hole dynamics. Comparision of the narrow CME rate and the small ICMElike structure rate indicates that the majority of narrow CMEs have merged as a part of the solar wind while they are moving out to 1 AU. We will discuss whether ICMEs and ICME-like structures are manifestations of similar eruptions from the Sun.

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Thursday, June 21: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Manuel-Hernandez, Teresa Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Speed evolution of CME/shocks using multi-spacecraft observations of Type II radio bursts. T. Manuel-Hernandez, UNAM E. Aguilar-Rodriguez, UNAM J. A. Gonzalez-Esparza, UNAM Interplanetary Type II radio burst radiation results from the excitation of plasma waves in the ambient medium by shock waves driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These radio emissions provide a means of remotely tracking CME/shocks. The aim of this work is to estimate the speed evolution of CME/shocks associated with Type II radio bursts observed by Wind/WAVES and STEREO/SWAVES radio instruments, which cover the frequency range from ~20 kHz up to ~16 MHz. The combination of these observations with in-situ and white-light measurements provides useful information on CME/shocks propagating through the entire SunEarth connected space.

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Thursday, June 21: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Vandas, Marek Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Dynamics of a toroidal magnetic cloud: a semi-analytic approach M. Vandas, Astronomical Institute, Prague E. Romashets, Prairie View A&M University Magnetic clouds are a subset of coronal mass ejections with a well-defined magnetic structure. They are modeled as toroids in the present study and their dynamics in the inner heliosphere is investigated under the influence of external forces, namely gravitational, drag, and diamagnetic ones. The forces cause not only changes in radial motion, but also a rotation of the toroid. The diamagnetic force and its moment acting on the toroid in an inhomogeneous magnetic field are expressed analytically. Resulting equations of motion are solved numerically and typical solutions are presented. Friday, June 22: 8:00 - 8:30 am Presenter: Gopalswamy, Nat Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Observations of CMEs and Models of the Eruptive Corona Nat Gopalswamy It is now realized that coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most energetic phenomenon in the heliosphere. Although early observations (in the 1970s and 1980s) revealed most of the properties of CMEs, it is the extended and uniform data set from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) mission that helped us consolidate our knowledge on CMEs. The Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) mission has provided direct confirmation of the threedimensional structure of CMEs. The broadside view provided by the STEREO coronagraphs helped us estimate the width of the halo CMEs and hence validate CME cone models. Current theoretical ideas on the internal structure of CMEs suggest that a flux rope is central to the CME structure, which has considerable observational support both from remote-sensing and in-situ observations. The flux-rope nature is also consistent with the post-eruption arcades with hightemperature plasma and the charge states observed within CMEs arriving at Earth. The quadrature observations also helped us understand the relation between the radial and expansion speeds of CMEs, which were only known from empirical relations in the past. This paper highlights some of these results obtained during solar cycle 23 and 24 and discusses implications for CME models. Friday, June 22: 8:30 - 9:00 am Presenter: Bastian, Tim Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The View from the Ground: Next Generation Instrumentation for Solar and Heliospheric Physics Tim Bastian A number of new ground based facilities operating in the mm/submm, radio, and optical wavelengths regimes are under construction, nearing construction, or in the planning phase for construction in the coming decade. These facilities include ALMA, JVLA, LOFAR, MWA, FASR, ATST, COSMO, and others. These instruments offer uniquely powerful observations of emissions that originate from the low photosphere to well out into the solar wind. As such, they offer observations that are highly complementary to space based missions such as Solar Probe Plus and Solar Orbiter. The status and capabilities of these instruments are briefly reviewed, as well as the diagnostic uses of the observables they will produce.

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Friday, June 22: 9:00 - 9:30 am Presenter: Mewaldt, Richard Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Observations of Solar Energetic Particles and their Variability from the Sun and Beyond R. A. Mewaldt, Caltech C. M. S. Cohen, Caltech G. M. Mason, JHU/APL R. A. Leske, Caltech A. Vourlidas, NRL T. T. von Rosennvinge, NASA/GSFC During large Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events the intensity of >10 MeV protons can suddenly rise a factor of 100,000 above cosmic ray background levels, but most SEP events are much smaller in size. In addition, the composition and energy spectra of SEP events are also found to be highly variable. The onset of solar cycle 24 has provided new opportunities to investigate the variability of SEP events using multi-spacecraft data from the twin STEREO spacecraft (presently >110 degrees ahead and behind Earth) combined with near-Earth data from ACE, GOES, and SOHO. We use data from solar cycles 23 and 24 to investigate causes of SEP variability that include CME properties, seed particle characteristics, charge-to-mass-dependent fractionation, and longitudinal variations. Friday, June 22: 9:30 - 10:00 am Presenter: Li, Gang Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Particle acceleration in large Solar Energetic Particle Events G. Li, G. P. Zank, O. Verkhoglyadova, X. Ao, University of Alabama in Huntsville Our sun is an efficient particle accelerator. Ions and electrons can be accelerated up to Gev/nucleon and multi-Mev energies in large solar energetic particle (SEP) events. However, the underlying acceleration mechanism is still debated, in particular, where and how the most energetic particles are accelerated. Observationally, both flares and Coronal Mass Ejections (as well as the CME-driven shocks) are responsible for large SEP events, with many events explicitly revealing characteristics of both. Thus, two intriguing acceleration sites appear to be responsible for the energetic particle population in the inner solar wind are the compact flare site or the extended cme-driven shock front. In this review, we focus on the diffusive shock acceleration process in large SEP events. We discuss first some constraints on the acceleration process that emerge from remote sensing observations such as Type II and III radio bursts and white light observations; and in-situ observations such as energetic particle spectra and composition of the SEP themselves. we will discuss what these constraints imply for the diffusive shock acceleration mechanism, addressing particularly the distinctions between time-dependent diffusive shock acceleration and steady-state diffusive shock acceleration models. Of critical importance is the role of pre-existing turbulence upstream of a CME-driven shock and how the shock geometry can affect the attainable maximum energy at the shock. Models that address particle acceleration and transport in the inner heliosphere (including our own path model) will be discussed.

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Friday, June 22: 10:30 - 10:50 Presenter: Cohen, Christina Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Solar Energetic Particle Characteristics and their Dependence on Longitude in Solar Cycle 24 C.M.S. Cohen, California Institute of Technology G.M. Mason, Johns Hopkins University / Applied Physics Laboratory R.A. Mewaldt, California Institute of Technology T.T. von Rosenvinge,, NASA/Goddard Space Flight In previous solar cycles, most studies examining the longitude dependence of solar energetic particle (SEP) event characteristics (such as intensity evolution, composition and spectral hardness) have involved statistical analysis of single-point measurements. With the significant separation between the two STEREO and near-Earth spacecraft during solar cycle 24, these SEP characteristics can be examined simultaneously from multiple vantage points. Additionally, the associated solar source regions can be studied even when they are not on the portion of the solar disk visible from Earth. We will present observations of the longitudinal dependence of SEP composition and spectra by combining the STEREO and ACE measurements of H-Fe ions over several decades in energy and using the solar observations from sensors on SDO, SOHO, and STEREO to provide the context in which these SEP events occur. Friday, June 22: 10:50 - 11:10 am Presenter: Nariyuki, Yasuhiro Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Heating of ions in nonresonant Alfvenic turbulence Yasuhiro Nariyuki, University of Toyama The presence of low-frequency magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence which Alfvenicity is close to unity is widely recognized observationally in the solar wind. In this presentation, ion heating by nonresonant solar wind Alfvenic turbulence is discussed. Our numerical results have suggested that the parallel heating of ions occurs due to the nonlinear Landau damping and/or parametric modulational instability. The perpendicular heating of ions is also observed as conversion from apparent temperature into real temperature. In addition, the ion velocity distribution function (VDF) becomes asymmetric with respect to the parallel velocity. We here discuss the theoretical interpretation of the perpendicular heating and the asymmetric VDF. It is shown that the asymmetric VDF can be formed as the equilibrium velocity distribution corresponding to Alfvenic turbulence in the Chew-Goldberger-Low (CGL) system and the conservation of the apparent temperature' corresponds to the Bernoulli law associated with the Alfvenic turbulence. We also discuss an analytical model of the radial evolution of the proton temperature anisotropy in solar wind plasmas that include low-frequency Alfvenic turbulence. As far as the absolute value of the normalized cross helicity is close to unity, the apparent temperature'' is the upper limit of the real temperature in the radially expanding solar wind.

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Friday, June 22: 11:10 - 11:30 am Presenter: Lario, David Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Rogue Solar Energetic Particle Events at 0.3 AU David Lario, George C. Ho, Edmond C. Roelof, and Brian J. Anderson, The Johns Hopkins University. Applied Physics Laboratory We study the most intense solar energetic particle (SEP) event observed so far by the MESSENGER spacecraft during the rising phase of solar cycle 24. This event occurred on June 4, 2011 when two successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) were released from the same active region with 15 hours of difference. The presence of a prior CME in the interplanetary medium beyond MESSENGER's heliocentric distance (R=0.33 AU) acted as a magnetic barrier for energetic particles accelerated by the posterior faster CME. Elevated electron intensities at MESSENGER resulted from the confinement (and possible re-acceleration) by the two converging CME-driven shocks. This scenario is consistent with that proposed by Kallenrode and Cliver [2001] to explain the most intense SEP events of a solar cycle. In analogy to the rogue ocean waves having unusual large amplitudes own to the superposition of two wave fields, these events were referred to as rogue SEP events. We will compare the time-intensity profiles detected by MESSENGER during this SEP event with those detected by the ACE and the two STEREO spacecraft at ~1 AU. Friday, June 22: 11:30 - 11:50 am Presenter: Leske, Richard Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 A Survey of Anisotropic Energetic Particle Flows Observed by STEREO R. A. Leske, C. M. S. Cohen, B. Dotson, R. A. Mewaldt, A. C. Cummings, A. W. Labrador, E. C. Stone, California Institute of Technology M. E. Wiedenbeck, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology E. R. Christian, T. T. von Rosenvinge, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center The Low Energy Telescopes (LETs) onboard the twin STEREO spacecraft have been measuring the anisotropies of energetic particles for elements (or element groups) from protons through iron at energies between 4 and 12 MeV/nucleon since before the beginning of solar cycle 24. Large unidirectional anisotropies often appear at the onset of magnetically well-connected solar energetic particle (SEP) events, suggesting beamed particles with relatively little scattering. Also, long-lasting bidirectional flows are seen during the decay phase of several SEP events. Some of these instances appear to be within interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), as indicated by characteristics such as magnetic field rotations or bidirectional suprathermal electrons. An event observed at STEREO-Ahead on 18 August 2010 was particularly noteworthy in that very large bidirectional anisotropies in 4-6 MeV protons persisted for about 17 hours while inside a magnetic cloud; intensities along the field direction reached nearly 1000 times greater than those perpendicular to the field. We present a survey of LET observations throughout the STEREO mission to date, and search for correlations between energetic particle anisotropies and plasma parameters to determine the likelihood and characteristics of large anisotropies appearing inside of ICMEs. We compare our results with similar surveys in the literature, made using other instruments in previous solar cycles.

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Friday, June 22: 11:50 - 12:10 pm Presenter: Prech, Lubomir Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Fine structure of IP shock fronts Lubomir Prech, Charles University Oleksander Goncharov, Charles University Jana Safrankova, Charles University Zdenek Nemecek, Charles University Georgy Zastenker, Space Research Institute More than 20 interplanetary (IP) shocks were detected at the second half of 2011 and at the beginning of 2012 and this fact indicates a new cycle of solar activity. The presence of many spacecraft in space allows a more detailed and quantitative study of IP shocks because their propagation through the solar wind, interaction with the magnetosphere and their reaching of the Earth are key problem of the Space Weather Program. Moreover, a new BMSW device providing monitoring of solar wind conditions onboard Spektr-R can significantly help with this task due to a unique resolution of 31 ms of solar wind parameter determination. The paper demonstrates an analysis of the front edges of IP shocks and an investigation of their dependence on upstream solar wind parameters. BMSW reveals that the IP shock edge is followed by high-frequency waves identified as periodic changes of the flow clock angle in the downstream region. The polarization of these waves is circular, their amplitude is large as 10 deg, and their frequency in the spacecraft frame is about 3 Hz. Since these waves change the velocity direction, whereas the density is unaffected, they can be probably classified as Alfven waves. Friday, June 22: 12:10 - 12:30 pm Presenter: Oughton, Sean Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 The MHD von Karman-Howarth Equations and the role of fourth-order correlations Sean Oughton, University of Waikato, New Zealand Sergio Servidio, Universita' della Calabria, Italy Minping Wan, University of Delaware, USA William H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware, USA The von Karman-Howarth (vKH) hierarchy of equations relate the second-order correlations of the turbulent fluctuations to the third-order ones, the third-order to the fourth-order, and so on. We recently demonstrated that for MHD, self-similar solutions to the vKH equations seem to require at least two independent similarity lengthscales (one for each Elsasser energy), so that compared to hydrodynamics a richer set of behaviors seems likely to ensue. Moreover, despite the well-known anisotropy of MHD turbulence with a mean magnetic field (B0), the equation for the second-order correlation does not contain explicit dependence on B0. We show that there is, however, implicit dependence on B0 via the third-order correlations, which themselves have both explicit B0dependence and also their own implicit dependence through fourth-order correlations. Some subtleties and consequences of this implicit-explicit balance are are summarized here. In addition, we present an analysis of simulation results showing that the evolution of turbulence can depend strongly on the initial fourth-order correlations of the system. There is considerable variation in the energy dissipation rate and the shape (and amplitude) of the energy spectra. The consequences for universality of MHD turbulence will be discussed, and how this could apply in the solar wind context. M. Wan, S. Oughton, S. Servidio, and W.H. Matthaeus. von Karman selfpreservation hypothesis for magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and its consequences for universality, J. Fluid Mech. 697, 296-315 (2012)

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ParallelSession1
Friday, June 22: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Zurbuchen, Thomas Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 MESSENGER Observations of the Dynamic Properties of Heliospheric Plasmas at 0.3-0.7 AU Thomas H. Zurbuchen, University of Michigan Daniel J. Gershman, University of Michigan George Gloeckler, University of Michigan Jason A. Gilbert, University of Michigan Jim M. Raines, University of Michigan Brian J. Anderson, The Johns Hopkins University Haje Korth, The Johns Hopkins University Sean C. Solomon, Carnegie Institute of Washington On 18 March 2011, MESSENGER became the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury. Prior to orbit insertion, MESSENGER spent 6.6 years on a complex trajectory in the inner heliosphere. During its cruise phase, and later in orbit around Mercury, MESSENGER made pioneering measurements of solar wind and pickup ions and the heliospheric magnetic field. Three key results obtained by this first inner heliosphere mission since the Helios space probes launched in 1974 and 1976, respectively, warrant special focus. First, MESSENGER observations of solar wind protons, alpha particles, and heavy ions between 0.3 and 0.7 AU provide critical in situ information independent of and complementary to observations by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) near 1 AU. Alpha particles and heavy ions exhibit differential streaming relative to protons, and excess heating. The observed excess heating and differential velocities of heavy ions at 0.3 AU are substantially larger than those observed in the solar wind near Earth, suggesting a near-solar origin of this nonthermal behavior. Second, in situ observations of helium pickup ions at 0.3-0.7 AU, together with those at 1 AU, are yielding new insight into the geometry of the gravitational focusing cone and the transport of these ions. With MESSENGER data the location of the focusing cone can be specified to be within 76 78.5 ecliptic longitude. Third, observations of magnetic field turbulence spectra show evidence for dissipation at frequencies larger than 1 Hz. These results provide important context for plasma measurements expected to be made by Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus within the next decade.

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Friday, June 22: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Goldstein, Melvyn Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 On the Scaling of Electron Dissipation Range in Solar Wind Turbulence Sahraoui F., Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique-UPMC S. Huang, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University M. L. Goldstein, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center G. Belmont, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique-UPMC A. Rtino, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique-UPMC Electron scale solar wind (SW) turbulence has attracted great interest in recent years. Clear evidences have been given from the Cluster data that turbulence is not fully dissipated near the proton scale but continues cascading down to the electron scales. However, the scaling of the energy spectra as well as the nature of the plasma modes involved at those small scales are still not fully known. Here we survey available burst mode data from Cluster search-coil magnetometer (SCM) (0.5Hz<fsc<225Hz) from 2001 to 2011 and perform a statistical survey of the magnetic energy spectra in quiet the SW. We discuss the exponential versus power-law scaling of the power spectra below the electron scale and compare to recent published work on the subject. We furthermore emphasize several caveats related to instrumental and signal processing issues that need to be considered in view of better interpreting the observations. We discuss the implications of the results on the physical mechanisms and the theoretical modeling of energy dissipation in the SW.

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Friday, June 22: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Hunana, Peter Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Properties of kinetic Alfven waves: a comparison of fluid models with kinetic theory. Peter Hunana, NASA Goddard, Greenbelt Melvyn L. Goldstein, NASA Goddard, Greenbelt Thierry Passot, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, Nice Pierre-Louis Sulem, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, Nice Dimitri Laveder, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, Nice Gary P. Zank, University of Alabama, Huntsville The nature of solar wind turbulence cascade and its underlying dissipation mechanism is still an open and controversial topic. A significant number of observational studies show evidence that the solar wind turbulence cascade evolves into an oblique spectrum of kinetic Alfvenic fluctuations. To understand physical properties of this cascade is therefore crucial for the correct interpretation of the observational data. For this purpose, we use several fluid models with various degrees of complexity and compare their KAW properties as dispersion relations, polarization and compressibility with the solutions of linear kinetic theory. We will stress the right hand polarization of KAWs as recently re-examined in detail by Sahraoui, Belmont and Goldstein and explore the angular transition from left to right hand polarization at large scales for various values of beta. For example, for lower beta (~ 0.1) this transition occurs at more oblique angles (~ 70-75 degrees) and the transition is very quick, while for higher beta (~ 2) the transition occurs at less oblique angles (~ 40-45 degrees) and the transition is slow. As a basic model, we use the classical anisotropic two fluid description of collisionless magnetohydrodynamics. We introduce extensions to this model that incorporate linear kinetic effects and which are known as Landau fluid models. Namely, we use 1) the so called large scale Landau fluid model which contains linear Landau damping and was developed by Snyder, Hammett and Dorland and 2) a much more refined FLR-Landau fluid model that contains finite Larmor radius (FLR) corrections. That model was developed by Passot and Sulem. Schedule of Talks - 54 -

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Friday, June 22: 2:00 - 2:20 pm Presenter: Laakso, Harri Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Usage of Calibrated Datasets from the Cluster Mission for Solar Wind Studies Harri Laakso, Philippe Escoubet, Arnaud Masson, and Matt Taylor ESA ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands Every year from December to May the four Cluster satellites are placed in the solar wind for more than 24 hr at period of 2-3 days. Since the apogee of the Cluster orbit is only 20 Re from the Earth, the solar wind data are occasionally contaminated by upstream effects of the bow shock, but sometimes one can also detect undisturbed solar wind. The Cluster mission has made a significant effort to calibrate all full-resolution measurements that can be accessed via the Cluster Active Archive. There are more than 300 different kind of datasets from each spacecraft, including high-resolution magnetic and electric fields and full 3-dimensional particle distribution functions and moments. Note that each dataset may contain tens of parameters where some are physical parameters while the others are various status/quality parameters that help users to interpret the calibrated measurements. The datasets are associated with extensive documentation such as instrument user guide, calibration reports and interface control documents that help users to understand the measurements and their caveats in detail. The presentation describes particularly those datasets that are useful for solar wind studies and present the tools available for accessing the data. The presentation will also give examples of the extensive cross-calibration activities performed between experiments and spacecraft in order to provide users with high-quality and accurate observations of the solar wind (and magnetosphere).

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Friday, June 22: 2:20 - 2:40 pm Presenter: Safrankova, Jana Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Fast solar wind monitoring available BMSW in operation Jana Safrankova, Charles University Zdenek Nemecek, Charles University Lubomir Prech, Charles University Georgy Zastenker, Space Research Institute The Spektr-R spacecraft was launched on a Zenit-3F rocket into the Earth orbit with a perigee of 10,000 kilometers and apogee of 390,000 km on July 18, 2011. The spacecraft operational lifetime would exceed five years. The main task of the mission is investigation of distant sources of electromagnetic emissions but, as a supporting measurement, the spacecraft carries a complex of the devices for solar wind monitoring. The goal of the solar wind monitor (BMSW) is to provide the fast measurements of the solar wind density, velocity, and temperature with a maximum time resolution of 31 ms. Such time resolution was obtained using simultaneous measurements of several Faraday cups oriented permanently nearly in the solar wind direction. We describe briefly basic principles of the measurements, bring several examples of observations that demonstrate necessity of fast measurements for a better understanding of solar wind processes and finally, we compare BMSW observations with other available solar wind spacecraft. We explain the data strategy and processing and present data products that are already available for the broad scientific community via web page of the project.

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Friday, June 22: 2:40 - 3:00 pm Presenter: Jain, Rajmal Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Solar Wind Interaction with Martian Atmosphere Rajmal Jain, Physical Research Laboratory The most important question on today related to the planet Mars: Is it alive or dead in context to habitability? This question is associated with the key requirement of water and suitable atmosphere to sustain life. Firstly I present brief review of water and atmospheric evolution at Mars. However, the solar wind interaction with the Martian atmosphere creates a number of distinct plasma regions and boundaries, identified by characteristic signatures in particles and fields measurements. I will describe briefly these phenomena. The ions H+, O+, O2+ and He+ are of ionospheric origin. These ions are accelerated to greater than 10,000 km due to E X B force from the top of the ionosphere because solar wind interacts directly with Martian ionosphere. The energies of these ions would be higher than the ionospheric ions of few eV. The density of these ions lies between 0.1 and 20 cm-3. It is possible other ionospheric ions such as N2+, N+, C+, CO+ etc. would be present in the Martian tail and were not resolved by earlier missions. I will present solar wind related atmospheric loss and discuss in detail the loss processes. Experimental measurements related to Martian plasma environment from the key spacecraft missions will be discussed. I will also present briefly the science, instrumentation, status and prospects of Plasma and Current Experiment (PACE) proposed to fly on Indian Mars mission in 2013. The PACE is composed of Ion Mass Spectrometer (IMS) and Electron Spectrometer (ES) to measure the escape of ions and photoelectrons respectively. PACE employs electrostatic analyzer with time-offlight technique, which provides differential energy measurements in the energy range 1 eV-30 keV. This instrument will provide in-situ measurements throughout its orbit of 80,000km X 500km with approximately 360 inclinations. Advances in instrumentation and techniques will be described.

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Friday, June 22: 4:00 - 4:30 pm Presenter: Servidio, Sergio Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Overview on numerical studies on reconnection and dissipation in the solar wind S. Servidio, University of Calabria P. Dmitruk, University of Buenos Aires F. Valentini, University of Calabria A. Greco, University of Calabria P. Veltri, University of Calabria V. Carbone, University of Calabria S. Donato, University of Calabria M. Wan, University of Delaware M. Shay, University of Delaware W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware An overview on numerical studies of local reconnection events in turbulent plasmas is presented. Recently [1], the nonlinear dynamics of magnetic reconnection in turbulence has been investigated through high resolution numerical simulations. Both fluid (MHD and Hall MHD) and kinetic (HybridVlasov) 2D simulations reveal the presence of a large number of X-type neutral points, where magnetic reconnection locally occurs. The associated reconnection rates are distributed over a wide range of values and they depend on the local geometry of the diffusion region. This new approach to the study of magnetic reconnection has broad applications to the turbulent solar wind (SW). Strong magnetic SW discontinuities are in fact strongly related to these intermittent processes of reconnection [2]. Methods employed to identify sets of possible reconnection events along a one dimensional path through the turbulent field (emulating experimental sampling by a single detector in a high speed flow) are here reviewed. These local reconnection/discontinuity events may be the main sites of heating and particle acceleration processes [3]. Results from hybrid-Vlasov kinetic simulations support these observations [4]. In the turbulent regime, in fact, kinetic effects manifest through a deformation of the ion distribution function. These patterns of non-Maxwellian features are concentrated in space nearby regions of strong magnetic activity.These results open a new path on the study of kinetic processes such as heating, particle acceleration, and temperature anisotropy, commonly observed in astrophysics. [1] S. Servidio et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 115003 (2009); [2] A. Greco et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L19111 (2008); Astrophys. J. 691, L111 (2009); [3] K. Osman et al., Astrophys. J. Lett. 727, L11 (2011); [4] S. Servidio et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 045001 (2012); T. N. Parashar et al. Phys. Plasmas 17, 102304 (2010)

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Friday, June 22: 4:30 - 5:00 pm Presenter: Podesta, John Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Waves, fluctuations, and kinetic processes in the solar wind at the proton gyro-radius scale John J. Podesta, Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO To understand the physical processes responsible for turbulent dissipation and proton heating in the solar wind it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of the plasma waves and fluctuations at the proton gyro-radius scale. Different lines of evidence support the idea that the waves at this scale consist of a superposition of kinetic Alfven waves (KAWs) with wave vectors nearly perpendicular to the local mean magnetic field and ion-cyclotron and/or magnetosonic-whistler waves with wave vectors nearly parallel to the local mean magnetic field, although contributions from other types of waves have not been completely ruled out. The quasi-perpendicular KAWs are believed to be produced by the turbulent energy cascade from large to small scales and the quasi-parallel waves are likely produced by temperature anisotropy instabilities in the solar wind plasma. In this invited talk I shall review in-situ measurements performed during the last two years that have advanced our knowledge of the waves, fluctuations and kinetic processes at the proton gyro-radius scale. I shall also outline some of the important open questions that will hopefully be addressed in the future.

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Friday, June 22: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Boldyrev, Stanislav Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Spectrum of Kinetic Alfven Turbulence Stanislav Boldyrev, University of Wisconsin - Madison Jean Carlo Perez, University of New Hampshire A model for strong kinetic-Alfven plasma turbulence at scales smaller than the ion gyroscale is proposed. It is argued that magnetic and density fluctuations are concentrated mostly at twodimensional structures, which leads to their Fourier energy spectra E(k_perp) ~ k_perp^(-8/3), where k_perp is the wave-vector component normal to the strong background magnetic field. The results are shown to be in good agreement with numerical simulations, and they can explain recent observations of magnetic and density fluctuations in the solar wind at sub-proton (dissipation) scales.

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SCHEDULEOFTALKS

ParallelSession1
Friday, June 22: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Hu, Qiang Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 A Power Spectral Analysis of Turbulence Associated with Interplanetary Shock Waves Qiang Hu, G.P. Zank, and Gang Li, Dept. of Physics/CSPAR, University of Alabama in Huntsville, USA We calculate the power spectra of magnetic field fluctuations associated with interplanetary shock waves, utilizing in-situ magnetic field measurements from spacecraft ACE and Wind. We derive related quantities both upstream and downstream of a shock as a function of time/distance away from the shock front. In particular, we examine the shock waves listed in the on-line ACE shock catalog and cross-check with the on-line Wind shock database. We present power spectral density calculations for a few events that exhibit clear upstream enhanced wave activity. We show that mostly they are of Alfvenic nature and confined within certain distance upstream. The downstream fluctuations are more complex and are generally much enhanced, at least by an order of magnitude, in agreement with prior studies. The implications and applications of our analysis for associated energetic particle spectra will also be discussed.

NOTES

ParallelSession1
Friday, June 22: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Matthaeus, William Room: Keauhou Convention Center 2 Structure in solar wind turbulence: implications for discontinuities, correlations, dissipation and heating W. H. Matthaeus, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University. of Delaware M. Wan, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware K. Osman Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, University of Warwick S. Servidio, Dept. of Physics, University of Calabria It has long been recognized that the solar wind magnetic field forms internal boundaries and characteristic correlations with other plasma variables. Frequently occurring directional discontinuities (DDs) are a familiar example of the former, while Alfvenic fluctuations (AFs), defined by correlated velocity and magnetic fluctuations, exemplify the latter. Neither has been historically interpreted as properties of active MHD turbulence. Recently however evidence is accumulating that DDs may be dynamically formed internal boundaries, e.g., due to interacting magnetic flux tubes in MHD turbulence, and that these structures are a manifestation of turbulence intermittency. Alfvenic correlations, along with force-free and Beltrami correlations, have been shown to be generated rapidly as an integral part of the turbulent cascade process. The formation of correlation with near discontinuous boundaries is a consequence of minimization of forces, i.e., suppression of nonlinearity. The associated coherent structures are expected to be directly responsible for small scale nonGaussian statistical features, and also the site of enhanced dissipation and heating, in the spirit of the Kolmogorov refined similarity hypothesis. Here we review recent work that further connects these ideas to the solar wind. Examples are the solar wind signatures of heating near current sheets [1], and highly variable patches of Alfvenicity [2]. This picture is increasingly supported by kinetic simulations [3,4, 5] that are revealing that plasma heating, like MHD and hydrodynamics, is expected to occur in localized patches and sheet-like regions extending down to electron scales. [1] K. Osman et al, Astrophys. J., 727, L11 (2011) [2] K. Osman et al., Astrophys J. 741, 75 (2011) [3] T. Parashar et al, Phys Plasmas 16, 032310 (2009) [4] S. Servidio et al, PRL 108, 145001 (2012) [5] H. Karimabadi et al. Nature (2012), submitted.

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Schedule of Talks

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

ParallelSession2
Friday, June 22: 5:00 - 5:20 pm Presenter: Sharma, R.P. Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Nonlinear Evolution of Dispersive Alfvn waves in Solar Wind and Corona R. P. Sharma, Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi-110016, India Since Alfvnic fluctuations are the most common electromagnetic activities in cosmic plasma environments, it is anticipated that dispersive Alfven Waves (kinetic/intertial Alfven waves) could play an important role in the acceleration and energization of cosmic plasmas. We present a model of nonlinear kinetic Alfvn waves, in which the effect of dissipation has been taken into account. We investigate the turbulent spectra of Kinetic Alfven waves (KAW) using numerical simulation of the model equations governing the nonlinear dynamics of KAW, where the ponderomotive and Joule heating nonlinearities are incorporated in the KAW dynamics. Our results reveal the formation of damped coherent magnetic lamentary structures and the turbulent spectra. We present the nonlinear evolution of kinetic Alfvn wave (KAW) in solar wind plasmas. Solar wind turbulence up to electronic scales in the dissipation regime has been observed by Cluster spacecraft. The power spectrum follows Kolmogorov scaling with different exponents in different frequency domains corresponding to inertial regime and dissipation regime. The power spectrum is having breakpoints which can be calculated by characteristic scales of the plasma. We have developed a model based on modified Zakharov system of equations (MZSE) taking Landau damping into account. Nonlinear coupling of dispersive Alfven waves and ion acoustic waves has been considered. These dynamical equations are solved at different locations and times to analyze the magnetic field intensity profiles, density and power spectra. This system of equations is also simulated numerically using pseudospectral method. The effect of wave dispersion has been explicitly studied on power spectrum. Fokker Planck equation with velocity space diffusion coefficient in the presence of nonlinear structures in low beta plasmas is also used for solar coronal heating.

NOTES

ParallelSession2
Friday, June 22: 5:20 - 5:40 pm Presenter: Barghouty, A.F. Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 Modeling Solar-Wind Heavy-Ion Potential-Sputtering of Lunar KREEP Surfaces A. F. Barghouty, NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center F. W. Meyer, Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Recent laboratory data at the ORNL Multicharged Ion Research Facility (see companion abstract by F.W. Meyer) suggest that potential sputtering by multicharged heavy ion solar wind constituents may be an important weathering mechanism that can affect the composition of both the lunar surface and the tenuous lunar exosphere; its role and implications, however, remain unclear. Using a relatively simple kinetic model, and TRIM results for kinetic sputtering, together with our experimentally observed oxygen sputtering enhancement in the case of incident multicharged ions (when compared to oxygen sputtering seen for same velocity singly-charged incident projectiles of the same species), we will demonstrate that solar-wind heavy-ion-induced sputtering of KREEP surfaces may be critical in establishing the timescale of the overall solar-wind sputtering process of the lunar surface. We also show that potential sputtering may lead to a more pronounced and significant differentiation between depleted and enriched KREEP surface constituents. We briefly discuss the possible impacts of enhanced sputtering on the composition of the regolith and the exosphere, as well as of solar-wind sputtering as a possible source of hydrogen and water on the moon.

Schedule of Talks

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,HawaiiUSA June1722,2012

SCHEDULEOFTALKS

ParallelSession2
Friday, June 22: 5:40 - 6:00 pm Presenter: Gloeckler, George Room: Keauhou 3 & 4 The Halo Solar Wind at 1 AU: Statistical characterization of its Physical Properties and its Origin George Gloeckler, University of Michigan Len Fisk, University of Michigan The Halo Solar Wind (HSW) was discovered using SWICS observations on ACE, and this instrument has now measured the HSW as well as the Bulk Solar Wind (with ~12 min time resolution) continuously for over a decade. The Halo Solar Wind is a distinct component of the solar wind, characterized by a lower density and higher temperature compared to those of the bulk solar wind. The HSW is readily observed in the velocity distributions measured by non-traditional solar wind instruments such as SWICS between ~1.6 and ~2 times the solar wind speed with typical phase space densities several orders of magnitude below that of the bulk solar wind. The solar-wind-frame velocity distributions of the HSW may be fit by kappa functions with a power law tail of index ~-9. The tail portion of the HSW distributions is gyrotropic with the perpendicular (to the ambient magnetic field direction) pressure exceeding the parallel pressure. The HSW is the core population for H+ and He++ at 1 AU that feeds the -5 power law suprathermal tails observed above about twice the solar wind speed. We will present our preliminary statistical results of parameters (density, temperature, spectral index as well as the parallel and perpendicular pressures of the HSW tail) characterizing the one-hour averaged HSW distributions, and correlate these with the bulk speed, density and temperature of the Bulk Solar Wind as well as density and pressure of the -5 suprathermal tail. Changes of parameters across shocks and boundaries of compression regions are of particular interest and will be reported. Finally, we will describe our ideas for the origin of the Halo Solar Wind.

NOTES

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Schedule of Talks

Schedule of Talks

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

TALKSBYPARTICIPANT
NAME Antiochos,Spiro(CT1) Arge,Charles(CT1) Barghouty,A.F.(CT4) Bastian,Tim(IT5) Berger,Lars(CT3) BlancoCano,Xochitl(CT2) Boldyrev,Stanislav(CT2) Cairns,Iver(CT2) Chandran,Benjamin(CT1) Chen,Christopher(CT2) Cohen,Christina(CT2) Collinson,Glyn(CT4) Cummings,Alan(CT3) DeForest,Craig(CT2) Edberg,Niklas(CT4) Elliott,Heather(CT2) Fisk,Len(CT3) Frisch,Priscilla(IT3) Fuselier,Stephen(IT5) Ghosh,Ron(CT2) Giacalone,Joe(CT2) Gloeckler,George(CT1) Goldstein,Melvyn(CT2) Gopalswamy,Nat(IT1) DATE Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 TIME 10:3010:50am 2:002:20pm 5:205:40pm 8:309:00am 12:1012:30pm 2:002:20pm 5:005:20pm 5:005:20pm 11:1011:30am 5:205:40pm 10:3010:50 2:202:40pm 2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 5:406:00pm 5:406:00pm 2:202:40pm 4:004:30pm 8:309:00am 5:005:20pm 11:5012:10pm 5:406:00pm 2:202:40pm 8:008:30am 63 ROOM KCC2 K3&4 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 K3&4 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 TITLE TheSWebmodelforthesourcesoftheslow wind ModelingthecoronaandsolarwindusingADAPT mapsthatincludefarsideobservations ModelingSolarWindHeavyIonPotential SputteringofLunarKREEPSurfaces TheViewfromtheGround:NextGeneration InstrumentationforSolarandHeliospheric Physics Inflowdirectionoftheinterstellarmedium deducedfrompickupionmeasurementsat1AU STEREOInterplanetaryShocksandForeshocks SpectrumofKineticAlfvenTurbulence ProductionofTypeIISolarRadioBurstsbyCME DrivenShocks PerpendicularIonHeatingbyLowFrequency AlfvenWaveTurbulenceintheCoronaandSolar Wind DensityFluctuationSpectrumofSolarWind TurbulencebetweenIonandElectronScales SolarEnergeticParticleCharacteristicsandtheir DependenceonLongitudeinSolarCycle24 NewdiscoveriesintheVenusianForeshock VoyagerEnergeticParticleObservationsinthe Heliosheath QuantitativeImagingoftheSolarwind LossofatmospherefromMarsandVenusduring roughspaceweather SolarWindTemperatureandSpeedFrom5to23 AU TheConsequencesofIncreasedTurbulenceatthe Heliopause CharacteristicsoftheLocalInterstellarMagnetic Field MMS:OpportunitiesforSolarWind Reconnection,Turbulence,andInteractionswith SolarSystemBodies DensityMagneticCorrelationsFromHallFLR MHDSimulations:LinearandNonlinearBehavior Solarenergeticparticlesacceleratedbystrong interplanetaryshocksat1AU TheHaloSolarWindat1AU:Statistical characterizationofitsPhysicalPropertiesandits Origin OntheScalingofElectronDissipationRangein SolarWindTurbulence ObservationsofCMEsandModelsoftheEruptive Corona Talks by Participant

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

TALKSBYPARTICIPANT
NAME Gosling,John(CT2) Hahn,Matthias(CT4) Heerikhuisen,Jacob(IT3) Howes,Gregory(CT2) Hsu,HsiangWen(CT4) Hu,Qiang(CT2) Hunana,Peter(CT2) Isenberg,Philip(CT2) Jackson,Bernard(IT4) Jain,Rajmal(CT5) Jokipii,Jack(IT3) Kasper,Justin(IT5) Kilpua,Emilia(CT2) Krasnosselskikh,Vladimir (CT2) Laakso,Harri(CT5) Lario,David(CT2) LeChat,Gatan(CT1) Lepri,Susan(CT1) Leske,Richard(CT2) Li,Gang(IT2) Linker,Jon(CT1) Lionello,Roberto(CT1) Livi,Stefano(CT1) Luhmann,Janet(IT2) Maksimovic,Milan(CT2) Talks by Participant DATE Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 TIME 2:202:40pm 5:005:20pm 8:309:00am 11:3011:50am 2:002:20pm 5:205:40pm 2:403:00pm 2:202:40pm 4:305:00pm 2:403:00pm 9:3010:00am 8:309:00am 5:005:20pm 2:002:20pm 2:002:20pm 11:1011:30am 12:1012:30pm 11:3011:50am 11:3011:50am 9:3010:00am 2:403:00pm 10:5011:10am 11:3011:50am 9:009:30am 5:205:40pm 64 ROOM KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 TITLE PulsedAlfvnWavesintheSolarWind CoronalMassEjectionsdetectedbyradio soundingobservationswithMarsExpress Connectionofthesolarwindwiththeinterstellar mediumthroughnumericalmodeling TheoreticalPerspectivesonKineticTurbulencein theSolarWind ProbingInterplanetaryMagneticFieldusing NanodustMeasurementsinsideSaturn's Magnetosphere APowerSpectralAnalysisofTurbulence AssociatedwithInterplanetaryShockWaves PropertiesofkineticAlfvenwaves:acomparison offluidmodelswithkinetictheory. SelfConsistentIonCyclotronAnisotropyBeta RelationforSolarWindProtons Usingcometplasmatailstostudythesolarwind SolarWindInteractionwithMartianAtmosphere AnomalousandGalacticCosmicRaysinTheOuter Heliosphere SolarProbePlus:MissiontotheCorona Interplanetarycoronalmassejections(ICMEs) andsmallICMElikestructuresinthesolarwind duringtherecentlowsolarminimum Modellingofbeamplasmainteractioninstrongly inhomogeneousplasma UsageofCalibratedDatasetsfromtheCluster MissionforSolarWindStudies RogueSolarEnergeticParticleEventsat0.3AU NewDevelopmentsinExosphericTheoryofthe SolarWind UnderstandingtheNatureoftheSolarWindin theSolarOrbiterEra ASurveyofAnisotropicEnergeticParticleFlows ObservedbySTEREO ParticleaccelerationinlargeSolarEnergetic ParticleEvents CoronalandHeliosphericModelingUsingFlux EvolvedMaps IntegrationPhysicsBasedCoronalHeatingand SolarWindAccelerationinaGlobalMHDModel HeavyIonsintheSolarWind Largescalesolarwindstructure:Nondipolar featuresandconsequences WIND&STEREOobservationsofTypeIIIRadio Bursts:LangmuirWavesStatisticsandradio powerradialvariation

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

TALKSBYPARTICIPANT
NAME ManuelHernandez,Teresa (CT2) Marsch,Eckart(CT2) Marsden,Richard(IT5) Matsumoto,Takuma(CT1) Matthaeus,William(CT2) McComas,David(IT3) McGregor,Sarah(CT1) Mewaldt,Richard(IT2) Mikic,Zoran(CT2) Mbius,Eberhard(CT3) Nariyuki,Yasuhiro(CT2) Nemecek,Zdenek(CT4) Ofman,Leon(CT1) Oughton,Sean(CT2) Podesta,John(IT2) Poedts,Stefaan(CT2) Pogorelov,Nikolai(CT3) Poletto,Giannina(CT1) Prech,Lubomir(CT2) Rasca,Anthony(CT4) Richardson,Ian(IT4) Richardson,John(CT3) Riley,Pete(CT2) Roberts,Aaron(CT2) RojasCastillo,Diana(CT4) DATE Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 TIME 5:205:40pm 11:1011:30am 9:009:30am 11:5012:10pm 5:406:00pm 9:3010:00am 10:3010:50am 9:009:30am 2:002:20pm 5:205:40pm 10:5011:10am 5:205:40pm 4:154:30pm 12:1012:30pm 4:305:00pm 5:406:00pm 5:406:00pm 2:202:40pm 11:5012:10pm 2:403:00pm 8:008:30am 5:005:20pm 5:005:20pm 4:004:15pm 2:403:00pm 65 ROOM K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC1 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 TITLE SpeedevolutionofCME/shocksusingmulti spacecraftobservationsofTypeIIradiobursts. Diffusioninvelocityspaceofsolarwindprotons exposedtoparallelandobliqueplasmawaves SolarOrbiterCloseupViewoftheSun Connectingthephotosphereandthesolarwind Structureinsolarwindturbulence:implications fordiscontinuities,correlations,dissipationand heating PhysicsDerivedfromIBEXENAFluxesandDirect InterstellarNeutralMeasurements ExplainingHeliumAbundanceVariationsinthe SolarWind ObservationsofSolarEnergeticParticlesandtheir VariabilityfromtheSunandBeyond TheChallengeinMakingModelsofFastCMEs AnalyticalModeloftheIBEXRibbonDueto NeutralSolarWIndRelatedIonPickupOutside theHeliosphericBoundary HeatingofionsinnonresonantAlfvenic turbulence Solarwindmodificationinfrontofthebowshock Modelingtheheatingandaccelerationofthe solarwindwithaturbulentAlfvenicwave spectrum TheMHDvonKarmanHowarthEquationsandthe roleoffourthordercorrelations Waves,fluctuations,andkineticprocessesinthe solarwindattheprotongyroradiusscale Amodelfortheevolutionofslowcoronalmass ejectionsupto1AU UnsteadyProcessesintheVicinityofthe Heliopause Anupperlimittothesolarwindmassloadingby polarjets FinestructureofIPshockfronts SolarWindMassLoadingDuetoDust WhatintheSolarWindDoestheEarthReactto? Voyager2observationsofplasmainthe heliosheath EnsembleModelingoftheSolarCoronaandInner Heliosphere SolarWindFluctuations:NotYourGrandmothers Turbulence CompressionalboundariesintheEarth's foreshock Talks by Participant

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

TALKSBYPARTICIPANT
NAME Safrankova,Jana(CT5) Schwadron,Nathan(IT5) Scime,Earl(CT4) Scudder,Jack(CT1) Servidio,Sergio(IT2) Sharma,R.P.(CT2) Smith,Charles(CT3) Stone,Edward(PT3) Tian,Hui(CT1) Tokumaru,Munetoshi(CT2) VanBallegooijen,Adriaan (IT1) Vandas,Marek(CT2) Vasquez,Bernard(CT2) Vasyliunas,Vytenis(IT4) Velli,Marco(IT1) Verdini,Andrea(CT1) Vourlidas,Angelos(IT1) WimmerSchweingruber, Robert(CT1) Yang,LiPing(CT1) Yoon,Peter(CT2) Zank,Gary(CT3) Zurbuchen,Thomas(IT5) Zurbuchen,Thomas(CT2) DATE Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 TIME 2:202:40pm 4:305:00pm 10:3010:50am 11:5012:10pm 4:004:30pm 5:005:20pm 10:5011:10am 8:008:30am 2:403:00pm 5:205:40pm 9:3010:00am 5:406:00pm 5:406:00pm 9:009:30am 8:008:30am 12:1012:30pm 4:004:30pm 10:5011:10am 11:1011:30am 2:403:00pm 2:403:00pm 4:305:00pm 2:002:20pm ROOM K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 TITLE FastsolarwindmonitoringavailableBMSWin operation FutureExplorationofOurChangingHeliosphere, OurHomewithintheGalaxy MagnetosphericConvectionandEvolutionofthe MagnetotailDuringStormsDrivenbyHighSpeed StreamsintheSolarWind TheCauseandConsequencesofCoronalKurtosis Overviewonnumericalstudiesonreconnection anddissipationinthesolarwind NonlinearEvolutionofDispersiveAlfvnwavesin SolarWindandCorona UlyssesObservationsofMagneticWavesdueto NewbornInterstellarPickupIonsandWhyThey areSoSeldomSeen TheInteractionoftheHeliosphereandthe InterstellarWind:AnOverview Coronaloutflowsfromactiveregionboundaries andCMEinduceddimmingregions Evolutionofglobaldistributionofthesolarwind fromcycle23totheearlyphaseofcycle24 Multiscalesolarmagneticactivityfrom photospheretocorona Dynamicsofatoroidalmagneticcloud:asemi analyticapproach SolarWindMagneticFieldDiscontinuitiesand TurbulentGeneratedCurrentLayers Roleofthesolarwindinthestructureand dynamicsofmagnetospheres Understandingtheaccelerationofthesolarwind intheopencorona:fromnowtoSolarProbePlus Theroleofleakageintheturbulentheatingof coronalloop WhiteLightObservationsasaLinkBetweenSolar andHeliosphericScience SuprathermalParticlesinMagneticClouds Injectionofplasmaintonascentsolarwind outflowasdrivenbysupergranularadvection ProtonTemperatureAnisotropyBeta RelationshipinSolarWind Onthepossibilityofashockfreeliketransitionin theheliosphereLISMinteraction ADecadalStrategyforSolarandSpacePhysics (Heliophysics) MESSENGERObservationsoftheDynamic PropertiesofHeliosphericPlasmasat0.30.7AU

Talks by Participant

66

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

TALKSBYCATEGORY
NAME DATE TIME ROOM TITLE

1)Physicsofthecorona,originandaccelerationofthesolarwind,andrelevantobservationsoftheSun.
Antiochos,Spiro(CT) Arge,Charles(CT) Chandran,Benjamin(CT) Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 10:3010:50am 2:002:20pm 11:1011:30am KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 TheSWebmodelforthesourcesoftheslow wind ModelingthecoronaandsolarwindusingADAPT mapsthatincludefarsideobservations PerpendicularIonHeatingbyLowFrequency AlfvenWaveTurbulenceintheCoronaandSolar Wind TheHaloSolarWindat1AU:Statistical characterizationofitsPhysicalPropertiesandits Origin ObservationsofCMEsandModelsoftheEruptive Corona NewDevelopmentsinExosphericTheoryofthe SolarWind UnderstandingtheNatureoftheSolarWindin theSolarOrbiterEra CoronalandHeliosphericModelingUsingFlux EvolvedMaps IntegrationPhysicsBasedCoronalHeatingand SolarWindAccelerationinaGlobalMHDModel HeavyIonsintheSolarWind Connectingthephotosphereandthesolarwind ExplainingHeliumAbundanceVariationsinthe SolarWind Modelingtheheatingandaccelerationofthe solarwindwithaturbulentAlfvenicwave spectrum Anupperlimittothesolarwindmassloadingby polarjets TheCauseandConsequencesofCoronalKurtosis Coronaloutflowsfromactiveregionboundaries andCMEinduceddimmingregions Multiscalesolarmagneticactivityfrom photospheretocorona Understandingtheaccelerationofthesolarwind intheopencorona:fromnowtoSolarProbePlus Theroleofleakageintheturbulentheatingof coronalloop WhiteLightObservationsasaLinkBetweenSolar andHeliosphericScience SuprathermalParticlesinMagneticClouds Injectionofplasmaintonascentsolarwind outflowasdrivenbysupergranularadvection

Gloeckler,George(CT) Gopalswamy,Nat(IT) LeChat,Gatan(CT) Lepri,Susan(CT) Linker,Jon(CT) Lionello,Roberto(CT) Livi,Stefano(CT) Matsumoto,Takuma(CT) McGregor,Sarah(CT) Ofman,Leon(CT) Poletto,Giannina(CT) Scudder,Jack(CT) Tian,Hui(CT) VanBallegooijen,Adriaan(IT) Velli,Marco(IT) Verdini,Andrea(CT) Vourlidas,Angelos(IT) WimmerSchweingruber, Robert(CT) Yang,LiPing(CT)

Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Wed,June20

5:406:00pm 8:008:30am 12:1012:30pm 11:3011:50am 2:403:00pm 10:5011:10am 11:3011:50am 11:5012:10pm 10:3010:50am 4:154:30pm 2:202:40pm 11:5012:10pm 2:403:00pm 9:3010:00am 8:008:30am 12:1012:30pm 4:004:30pm 10:5011:10am 11:1011:30am

K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

67

Talks by Category

NAME

DATE

TIME

ROOM

TITLE

2)Dynamicalbehavioroftheinterplanetarymediumthroughouttheheliosphere,includinglargeandsmallscale structures,theevolutionofdisturbances,dissipativeprocesses,turbulence,andsolarenergeticparticles.
BlancoCano,Xochitl(CT) Boldyrev,Stanislav(CT) Cairns,Iver(CT) Chen,Christopher(CT) Cohen,Christina(CT) DeForest,Craig(CT) Elliott,Heather(CT) Ghosh,Ron(CT) Giacalone,Joe(CT) Goldstein,Melvyn(CT) Gosling,John(CT) Howes,Gregory(CT) Hu,Qiang(CT) Hunana,Peter(CT) Isenberg,Philip(CT) Kilpua,Emilia(CT) Krasnosselskikh,Vladimir(CT) Lario,David(CT) Leske,Richard(CT) Li,Gang(IT) Luhmann,Janet(IT) Maksimovic,Milan(CT) ManuelHernandez,Teresa (CT) Marsch,Eckart(CT) Matthaeus,William(CT) Mewaldt,Richard(IT) Mikic,Zoran(CT) Talks by Category Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 2:002:20pm 5:005:20pm 5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 10:3010:50 2:202:40pm 5:406:00pm 5:005:20pm 11:5012:10pm 2:202:40pm 2:202:40pm 11:3011:50am 5:205:40pm 2:403:00pm 2:202:40pm 5:005:20pm 2:002:20pm 11:1011:30am 11:3011:50am 9:3010:00am 9:009:30am 5:205:40pm 5:205:40pm 11:1011:30am 5:406:00pm 9:009:30am 2:002:20pm 68 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 STEREOInterplanetaryShocksandForeshocks SpectrumofKineticAlfvenTurbulence ProductionofTypeIISolarRadioBurstsbyCME DrivenShocks DensityFluctuationSpectrumofSolarWind TurbulencebetweenIonandElectronScales SolarEnergeticParticleCharacteristicsandtheir DependenceonLongitudeinSolarCycle24 QuantitativeImagingoftheSolarwind SolarWindTemperatureandSpeedFrom5to23 AU DensityMagneticCorrelationsFromHallFLR MHDSimulations:LinearandNonlinearBehavior Solarenergeticparticlesacceleratedbystrong interplanetaryshocksat1AU OntheScalingofElectronDissipationRangein SolarWindTurbulence PulsedAlfvnWavesintheSolarWind TheoreticalPerspectivesonKineticTurbulencein theSolarWind APowerSpectralAnalysisofTurbulence AssociatedwithInterplanetaryShockWaves PropertiesofkineticAlfvenwaves:acomparison offluidmodelswithkinetictheory. SelfConsistentIonCyclotronAnisotropyBeta RelationforSolarWindProtons Interplanetarycoronalmassejections(ICMEs) andsmallICMElikestructuresinthesolarwind duringtherecentlowsolarminimum Modellingofbeamplasmainteractioninstrongly inhomogeneousplasma RogueSolarEnergeticParticleEventsat0.3AU ASurveyofAnisotropicEnergeticParticleFlows ObservedbySTEREO ParticleaccelerationinlargeSolarEnergetic ParticleEvents Largescalesolarwindstructure:Nondipolar featuresandconsequences WIND&STEREOobservationsofTypeIIIRadio Bursts:LangmuirWavesStatisticsandradio powerradialvariation SpeedevolutionofCME/shocksusingmulti spacecraftobservationsofTypeIIradiobursts. Diffusioninvelocityspaceofsolarwindprotons exposedtoparallelandobliqueplasmawaves Structureinsolarwindturbulence:implications fordiscontinuities,correlations,dissipationand heating ObservationsofSolarEnergeticParticlesandtheir VariabilityfromtheSunandBeyond TheChallengeinMakingModelsofFastCMEs

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

TALKSBYCATEGORY
NAME Nariyuki,Yasuhiro(CT) Oughton,Sean(CT) Podesta,John(IT) Poedts,Stefaan(CT) Prech,Lubomir(CT) Riley,Pete(CT) Roberts,Aaron(CT) Servidio,Sergio(IT) Sharma,R.P.(CT) Tokumaru,Munetoshi(CT) Vandas,Marek(CT) Vasquez,Bernard(CT) Yoon,Peter(CT) Zurbuchen,Thomas(CT) DATE Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Fri,June22 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 TIME 10:5011:10am 12:1012:30pm 4:305:00pm 5:406:00pm 11:5012:10pm 5:005:20pm 4:004:15pm 4:004:30pm 5:005:20pm 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm 5:406:00pm 2:403:00pm 2:002:20pm ROOM KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC1 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 K3&4 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 TITLE HeatingofionsinnonresonantAlfvenic turbulence TheMHDvonKarmanHowarthEquationsandthe roleoffourthordercorrelations Waves,fluctuations,andkineticprocessesinthe solarwindattheprotongyroradiusscale Amodelfortheevolutionofslowcoronalmass ejectionsupto1AU FinestructureofIPshockfronts EnsembleModelingoftheSolarCoronaandInner Heliosphere SolarWindFluctuations:NotYourGrandmothers Turbulence Overviewonnumericalstudiesonreconnection anddissipationinthesolarwind NonlinearEvolutionofDispersiveAlfvnwavesin SolarWindandCorona Evolutionofglobaldistributionofthesolarwind fromcycle23totheearlyphaseofcycle24 Dynamicsofatoroidalmagneticcloud:asemi analyticapproach SolarWindMagneticFieldDiscontinuitiesand TurbulentGeneratedCurrentLayers ProtonTemperatureAnisotropyBeta RelationshipinSolarWind MESSENGERObservationsoftheDynamic PropertiesofHeliosphericPlasmasat0.30.7AU

3)Interactionofthesolarwindwiththeinterstellarmediumandtheheliosphericboundaries,andcosmicrays.
Berger,Lars(CT) Cummings,Alan(CT) Fisk,Len(CT) Frisch,Priscilla(IT) Heerikhuisen,Jacob(IT) Jokipii,Jack(IT) McComas,David(IT) Mbius,Eberhard(CT) Pogorelov,Nikolai(CT) Richardson,John(CT) Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Wed,June20 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 12:1012:30pm 2:002:20pm 2:202:40pm 4:004:30pm 8:309:00am 9:3010:00am 9:3010:00am 5:205:40pm 5:406:00pm 5:005:20pm KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 KCC2 Inflowdirectionoftheinterstellarmedium deducedfrompickupionmeasurementsat1AU VoyagerEnergeticParticleObservationsinthe Heliosheath TheConsequencesofIncreasedTurbulenceatthe Heliopause CharacteristicsoftheLocalInterstellarMagnetic Field Connectionofthesolarwindwiththeinterstellar mediumthroughnumericalmodeling AnomalousandGalacticCosmicRaysinTheOuter Heliosphere PhysicsDerivedfromIBEXENAFluxesandDirect InterstellarNeutralMeasurements AnalyticalModeloftheIBEXRibbonDueto NeutralSolarWIndRelatedIonPickupOutside theHeliosphericBoundary UnsteadyProcessesintheVicinityofthe Heliopause Voyager2observationsofplasmainthe heliosheath Talks by Category

69

NAME Smith,Charles(CT) Stone,Edward(PT) Zank,Gary(CT)

DATE Thu,June21 Thu,June21 Thu,June21

TIME 10:5011:10am 8:008:30am 2:403:00pm

ROOM KCC2 KCC2 KCC2

TITLE UlyssesObservationsofMagneticWavesdueto NewbornInterstellarPickupIonsandWhyThey areSoSeldomSeen TheInteractionoftheHeliosphereandthe InterstellarWind:AnOverview Onthepossibilityofashockfreeliketransitionin theheliosphereLISMinteraction

4)Interactionofthesolarwindwithsolarsystemobjectsanddustyenvironments,includingtheEarth'smagnetosphere, planets,andcomets.
Barghouty,A.F.(CT) Collinson,Glyn(CT) Edberg,Niklas(CT) Hahn,Matthias(CT) Hsu,HsiangWen(CT) Jackson,Bernard(IT) Nemecek,Zdenek(CT) Rasca,Anthony(CT) Richardson,Ian(IT) RojasCastillo,Diana(CT) Scime,Earl(CT) Vasyliunas,Vytenis(IT) Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Mon,June18 Wed,June20 Wed,June20 Mon,June18 Thu,June21 Thu,June21 5:205:40pm 2:202:40pm 5:406:00pm 5:005:20pm 2:002:20pm 4:305:00pm 5:205:40pm 2:403:00pm 8:008:30am 2:403:00pm 10:3010:50am 9:009:30am K3&4 K3&4 K3&4 K3&4 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2 ModelingSolarWindHeavyIonPotential SputteringofLunarKREEPSurfaces NewdiscoveriesintheVenusianForeshock LossofatmospherefromMarsandVenusduring roughspaceweather CoronalMassEjectionsdetectedbyradio soundingobservationswithMarsExpress ProbingInterplanetaryMagneticFieldusing NanodustMeasurementsinsideSaturn's Magnetosphere Usingcometplasmatailstostudythesolarwind Solarwindmodificationinfrontofthebowshock SolarWindMassLoadingDuetoDust WhatintheSolarWindDoestheEarthReactto? CompressionalboundariesintheEarth's foreshock MagnetosphericConvectionandEvolutionofthe MagnetotailDuringStormsDrivenbyHighSpeed StreamsintheSolarWind Roleofthesolarwindinthestructureand dynamicsofmagnetospheres

5)Statusandprospectsofcurrentandfuturesolarwindandheliosphericmissions,includingnewadvancesin instrumentation.
Bastian,Tim(IT) Fri,June22 8:309:00am KCC2 TheViewfromtheGround:NextGeneration InstrumentationforSolarandHeliospheric Physics MMS:OpportunitiesforSolarWind Reconnection,Turbulence,andInteractionswith SolarSystemBodies SolarWindInteractionwithMartianAtmosphere SolarProbePlus:MissiontotheCorona UsageofCalibratedDatasetsfromtheCluster MissionforSolarWindStudies SolarOrbiterCloseupViewoftheSun FastsolarwindmonitoringavailableBMSWin operation FutureExplorationofOurChangingHeliosphere, OurHomewithintheGalaxy ADecadalStrategyforSolarandSpacePhysics (Heliophysics)

Fuselier,Stephen(IT) Jain,Rajmal(CT) Kasper,Justin(IT) Laakso,Harri(CT) Marsden,Richard(IT) Safrankova,Jana(CT) Schwadron,Nathan(IT) Zurbuchen,Thomas(IT)

Wed,June20 Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Mon,June18 Fri,June22 Thu,June21 Wed,June20

8:309:00am 2:403:00pm 8:309:00am 2:002:20pm 9:009:30am 2:202:40pm 4:305:00pm 4:305:00pm

KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 K3&4 KCC2 KCC2

Talks by Category

70

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERSLISTBYCATEGORY

NAME Board # TITLE

1)Physicsofthecorona,originandaccelerationofthesolarwind,andrelevantobservationsoftheSun.
Ahluwalia,Harjit UniversityofNewMexico Barghouty,A. NASAMarshallSpaceFlightCenter Cairns,Iver UniversityofSydney Chen,Yao ShandongUniversityatWeihai Chen,Yao ShandongUniversityatWeihai Dasgupta,Brahmananda UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Galvin,Antoinette UniversityofNewHampshire Golla,Thejappa UniversityofMaryland He,Jiansen SESS,PekingUniversity Isenberg,Philip UniversityofNewHampshire Lawrence,David JohnsHopkinsUniversityAppliedPhysics Laboratory LeChat,Gatan HarvardSmithsonianCenterfor astrophysics LopezPortela,Cynthia IGEOF/UNAM Maneva,Yana CUA/NASAGSFC Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware Neugebauer,Marcia UniversityofArizona Ofman,Leon CUA/NASAGSFC Panasenco,Olga HelioResearch Pinto,Rui CEASaclay/IrfuSAp Poletto,Giannina INAFArcetriAstrophysicalObservatory Selwa,Malgorzata CPA/KULeuven Singh,Nagendra Posters List by Category 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 110 111 112 Presentstatusofsunspotcycle24development Kuang'sFormalismforElectronCaptureCrossSections:Applicationto ENAModeling NonzeroAzimuthalMagneticFieldsattheSolarSourceSurface: Extraction,Model,andImplications StreamerWavesandAssociatedCoronalSeismologicalStudy SignaturesofCMEstreamerinteractionintypeIIradiobursts:spectral bumpandspectralbreak ParticleMotionandEnergizationinChaoticMagneticField:Possible ApplicationtoSolarFlareandCosmicRayPropagation SolarWindIonObservations:ComparisonfromSolarMinimumtothe RisingCycle DetectionofCollapsingLangmuirWavePacketsinSolarTypeIIIRadio Bursts Generationofslowmodewaveassociatedwithreconnectionoutflowin thesolarwindsourceregion KineticModelsofFastSolarWindDrivenbyImbalancedIonCyclotron Dissipation The4June2011SolarNeutronEventatMESSENGER DiagnosticsofthesolarcoronafromcomparaisonbetweenFaraday rotationmeasurementsandMHDsimulations. Whitelightobservationsofsmalltransientsinthecoronaduringthe minimumandtheascendingphaseofsolarcycle24 TheeffectofAlfvencyclotronwavespectraonthepreferentialheating anddifferentialaccelerationofHe++ionsinSW Interchangereconnectioninunipolarregionsofthesolarcorona IsThereaSolarSignalinDoubleProtonBeamsintheSolarWind? Modelingtheheatingandaccelerationofthesolarwindwithaturbulent Alfvenicwavespectrum SolarWindfromPseudostreamers:theConnectionwithFilament Channels Couplingthesolardynamoandthecorona:windproperties,massand momentumlossesduringanactivitycycle EvidenceforActiveRegionsoutflowsintheintermediatecorona 3DMHDnumericalexperimentsofreconnectionintwisteddipolarflaring regions Doublelayersasamechanismforsuddenionaccelerationinthincoronal - 71 -

113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 124

NAME UniversityofAlabama,Huntsville,AL Song,HongQiang ShandongUniversityatWeihai Tian,Hui NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch Tian,Hui NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch Wan,Minping UniversityofDelaware Wang,Xin PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO Wang,Xin PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO Webb,Gary UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Yu,HsiuShan CASS/UCSD Zhao,Liang NCAR/HAO

Board # transitionregion 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133

TITLE

Coalescenceofmagneticislandsandelectronacceleration Observationalstudiesofmasssupplytothesolarwindandcorona HYDROGENLyANDLyRADIANCESANDPROFILESINPOLARCORONAL HOLES Arefinedsimilarityhypothesisformagnetohydrodynamicturbulenceand itsimplicationsforsolarwind TemperatureDependenceofUVLineParametersinNetworkand InternetworkRegionsoftheQuietSunandCoronalholes Whatcausesthedepthofcoronalholes? AlfvenWaveMixingintheSolarWind The3DAnalysisofPolarJetsUsingImagesfromLASCOC2andSTEREO COR2CoronagraphsandtheSolarMassEjectionImager Implicationsofcoronalmagneticstructureforsolarwindatcycle minimum

2)Dynamicalbehavioroftheinterplanetarymediumthroughouttheheliosphere,includinglargeandsmallscale structures,theevolutionofdisturbances,dissipativeprocesses,turbulence,andsolarenergeticparticles.
Alexandrova,Olga ObservatoryofParis Ao,Xianzhi CSPAR/UAH Berger,Lars CAUKiel BlancoCano,Xochitl InstitutodeGeofisica,UNAM Bucik,Radoslav MPIfuerSonnensystemforschung Cartwright,Megan UCBerkeley Chen,Christopher SpaceSciencesLab,UCBerkeley Consolini,Giuseppe INAFIAPS DeKoning,Curt UniversityofColorado Dosch,Alexander UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Dresing,Nina IEAP Forman,Miriam StonyBrookUniversity Gamayunov,Konstantin FloridaInstituteofTechnology Goldstein,Melvyn NASAGODDARDSPACEFLIGHTCENTER Guo,Fan UniversityofArizona He,Jiansen SESS,PekingUniversity Ho,George JHU/APL Posters List by Category 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 210 211 212 213 215 216 217 218 Solarwindturbulentspectrumatplasmakineticscales Particleaccelerationduetocrossshockpotential IonProtonDifferentialStreamingintheSolarWindat1AU ElectronsupstreamoflowMachnumberIPshocks 3HerichEventsObservedbySTEREOA ThefrequencyandlocationofreconnectionassociatedwithICMEsand fluxropes ThreeDimensionalStructureofSolarWindTurbulence AStatisticalStudyofSolarWindPlasmaParameters ELECTRONPITCHANGLEDISTRIBUTIONSDURINGSOLARELECTRON BURSTS Theroleofcorrelationlengthsintheturbulencetransportinastrophysical flowsandanapplicationtoparallelshocks MultispacecraftSTEREOobservationsofwidespreadSEPevents Anisotropyofthesolarwindmagneticpowerspectraltensor SelfConsistentModeloftheInterstellarPickupProtons,Alfvenic Turbulence,andCoreSolarWindintheOuterHeliosph Detectionofsmallscalestructuresinthedissipationregimeofsolarwind turbulence TheVelocityDispersionofSolarEnergeticParticlesintheSolarWind MagneticTurbulence Isotropicturbulenceforastreamofsolarwinddominatedwithoutward propagatingAlfvenwaves 3HeEnhancedSolarEnergeticParticleEventsinCycle24 - 72 -

NAME Horaites,Konstantinos SpaceSciencesLaboratoryUCBerkeley Iju,Tomoya NagoyaUniversity Jetha,Nazirah UAH Jian,Lan UnivofMaryland/NASAGSFC Jian,Lan UnivofMaryland/NASAGSFC Kataoka,Ryuho TokyoTech Kahre,Lauren UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Ko,YuanKuen NavalResearchLaboratory Koval,Andriy UMBC/NASAGSFC Krasnosselskikh,Vladimir LPC2E/CNRSUniversityofOrleans Laitinen,Timo UniversityofCentralLancashire Laurenza,Monica INAF/IAPS LeChat,Gatan HarvardSmithsonianCenterfor astrophysics Lee,Christina AirForceResearchLab Lui,Anthony JHU/APL Malaspina,David LaboratoryforAtmosphericandSpace Physics,UniversityofColorado,Boulder Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware McGregor,Sarah BostonUniversity Moestl,Christian UCBerkeley Nariyuki,Yasuhiro UniversityofToyama Nemecek,Zdenek CharlesUniversity NievesChinchilla,Teresa CUAGSFC Pahud,Danielle BostonUniversity Parashar,Tulasi NASACaltechJetPropulsionLaboratory Perez,Jean UniversityofNewHampshire

Board # 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245

TITLE GlobalVariationoftheSolarWind:HeliosObservations KinematicsofInterplanetaryCoronalMassEjectionsintheInner Heliosphere EvolutionofresidualenergyintheSolarWind InterplanetaryShocksDetectedbySTEREOandtheUseofBurstMode TriggerinCapturingThem ObservationsofIonCyclotronWavesUsingWind:HowAreTheyRelated toSolarWindParameters? DevelopmentofautomatedMHDsimulationoftheinnerheliosphere InvestigatingTurbulenceTransportintheHeliosphere HeavyIonPropertiesinICMEsandSignaturesofMagneticReconnection inPostCMECurrentSheet MagneticfieldturbulencespectraobservedbytheWindspacecraft Electronbeamrelaxationinastronglyinhomogeneousplasma. Energeticparticletransportinturbulencewithscaledependent anisotropy AgeneralizedextremevaluedistributionfortheSEPeventspectrum:a casestudy TheSolarWindEnergyFlux EnsemblemodelingofsuccessivehaloCMEsobservedduring24August 2011 GradShafranovReconstructionofSolarWindFeaturesThatCauseda SuperGeomagneticStorm VariationofLangmuirwavepolarizationwithelectronbeamspeedin typeIIIradiobursts CoherentStructures,IntermittentTurbulenceandDissipationatKinetic PlasmaScales GenerationofXpointsinhighReynoldsnumberMHDturbulence:issues ofaccuracyandimplicationsforcascade KineticSignaturesandIntermittentTurbulenceintheSolarWind SourceRegiondependenceonturbulentfluctuationsintheSolarWind Impactsofmultiplecoronalmassejectionsaround2010August1inthe innerheliosphere NonlineardissipationofcircularlypolarizedAlfv\'enwavesduetothe beaminducedwaves:2Dhybridsimulations Spectralpropertiesofsolarwindfluctuations CombiningremoteandinsituobservationstounderstandtheCME evolutionintheinnerheliosphere. MHDsimulationsoftheevolutionofastreaminteractionregion:LFM helio Expansioneffectsonthesolarwind:Hybridsimulations ReflectiondrivenAlfvenWaveturbulenceintheSolarWind

- 73 -

Posters List by Category

NAME Pinto,Rui CEASaclay/IrfuSAp Pogorelov,Nikolai UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Prech,Lubomir CharlesUniversity Pulupa,Marc UCBerkeley Qin,Gang CenterforSpaceScience&Applied Research Rodriguez,Luciano RoyalObservatoryofBelgium Rollett,Tanja InstituteofPhysics,UniversityofGraz RomeroHernandez,Esmeralda UNAM Salem,Chadi UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley Seough,Jungjoon KyungHeeUniversiy Servidio,Sergio UniversityofCalabria Servidio,Sergio UniversityofCalabria Sharma,R.P. IndianInstituteofTechnology Simunac,Kristin UniversityofNewHampshire Simunac,Kristin UniversityofNewHampshire Smith,Charles UniversityofNewHampshire Smith,Charles UniversityofNewHampshire Smith,Edward JetPropulsionLaboratory TenBarge,Jason UniversityofIowa Usmanov,Arcadi Univ.ofDelaware/NASAGSFC Vandas,Marek AstronomicalInstitute Vasquez,Bernard UniversityofNewHampshire Velli,Marco JetPropulsionLaboratory,California InstituteofTechnology Verdini,Andrea SIDCRoyalObservatoryofBelgium Verdini,Andrea SIDCRoyalObservatoryofBelgium Verkhoglyadova,Olga CSPAR,UAH/JPL,Caltech Verscharen,Daniel UniversityofNewHampshire

Board # 246 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273

TITLE Alfvnwavedrivenpolarplumes:dependenceonthechromospheric conditions ModelingSolarWindFlowUsingTimedependentBoundaryConditions DerivedfromInterplanetaryScintillationObservations Multispacecraftobservationsofmagneticreconnectioninthesolarwind Solarwindelectrondrifts:measurementsandtrends Todeterminthereleasetimeofsolarenergeticparticlesregardingthe perpendiculardiffusioneffect Internalcharacteristicsofmagneticcloudsat1AU AnalysisofheliosphericobservationsofCMEsbyusinganumerical simulation Studyofcorotatinginteractionregionsintheascendingphaseofthesolar cycle:multispacecraftobservations IdentificationofKineticAlfvenWaveTurbulenceintheSolarWind EffectsofIntermediateScaleVariationsonProtonTemperature AnisotropyvsBetaInverseCorrelationintheSolarWind Numericalsimulationsofplasmaturbulencewithheavyions:Nonlinear dynamicsofhydrogenandalphaparticles Localanisotropy,"higherorder"statisticsandspectrainturbulence NonlinearEvolutionofDispersiveAlfvnwavesinSolarWindandCorona MultiSpacecraftObservationsoftheHeliosphericPlasmaSheet OntheAccelerationofHePickupIonsintheInnerHeliosphere AnnalysisofMultiDimensionalCorrelationFunctionsatSmallScalesin theSolarWind TheTurbulentCascadeandProtonHeatingintheSolarWindDuringSolar Minimum LargedeviationsofthemagneticfielddirectioninsideCRRsfromthe Parkerspiral:AtestoftheSchwadronmodel CollisionlessDissipationofKineticPlasmaTurbulence Threedimensional,threefluidMHDmodelingofthesolarwindwith turbulencetransportandheating Magneticfielddisturbanceinfrontofasupersonictoroidalmagnetic cloud MagneticHelicityofStrong2DTurbulenceintheDissipationRange Protontemperatureanisotropyandcurrentsheetstability:2Dhybrid simulations Ontheoriginofthe1/fspectruminthesolarwindmagneticfield TransitionfromweaktostrongcascadeinMHDturbulence RadialdependenceofSEPheavyionfluxesandcomposition(Fe/Oratio): modelingwiththePATHcode ObliqueAlfven/ioncyclotronwavesandtheirparametricdecayintwo dimensionalhybridsimulations

Posters List by Category

- 74 -

NAME Wan,Minping UniversityofDelaware Wang,Linghua SpaceSciencesLab,UCBerkeley Wang,Xin PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO Wicks,Robert GoddardSpaceFlightCenter Wicks,Robert GoddardSpaceFlightCenter Yao,Shuo ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing) Yu,Wenyuan UniversityofNewHampshire Yu,Wenyuan UniversityofNewHampshire Zank,Gary Univ.ofAlabamainHuntsville Zuccarello,Francesco CPA/KUleuven

Board # 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283

TITLE Thethirdorderlawforanisotropicmagnetohydrodynamicsandits applicationinsolarwind QuiettimeInterplanetary~220keVSuperhaloElectronsatSolar Minimum LargeAmplitudeAlfvenWaveinInterplanetarySpace:theWIND SpacecraftObservations Spectraandhelicityofmagneticfluctuationsexcitedbytemperature anisotropyinstabilitiesinthesolarwind. SolarWindFluctuations:NotYourGrandmothersTurbulence Theangledistributionofthepossiblesmallscalepressurebalanced structuresinthesolarwind APlanarInterplanetaryStructureEmbeddedinaSmallSolarWind Transient SmallTransientsintheSolarWind:STEREOAObservationsin2009 TheTransportofDensityFluctuationsthroughouttheSolarWind TheroleofstreamersinthedeflectionofCMEs:comparisonbetween STEREO3Dreconstructionsandnumericalsimulations

3)Interactionofthesolarwindwiththeinterstellarmediumandtheheliosphericboundaries,andcosmicrays.
Ahluwalia,Harjit UniversityofNewMexico Berger,Lars CAUKiel Chen,Junhong UNIVERSITYOFNEWHAMPSHIRE Gary,S. SpaceScienceInstitute Gershman,Daniel UniversityofMichigan Gieseler,Jan CAUKiel Kataoka,Ryuho TokyoTech Livadiotis,George SouthwestResearchInstitute Miyahara,Hiroko UniversityofTokyo Miyahara,Hiroko UniversityofTokyo Mueller,Hans DartmouthCollege Pogorelov,Nikolai UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Washimi,Haruichi CSPAR 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 310 311 312 313 Thedescendingphaseofthecycle24cosmicraymodulation Pickupionobservationsat1AUwithSOHO/CELIAS/CTOF VariationinthePickupIonCoolingBehavioranditsRelationtoSolar WindStructuresandParameters Pickupprotoninstabilitiesandscatteringinthedistantsolarwindandthe outerheliosheath:Hybridsimulations Mappingthedistributionofinterstellarneutralheliumatsolardistances of0.3and1AUfrompickupionmeasurements Temporalandspatialvariationofgalacticcosmicraysmeasuredby Ulysses/KETintheinnerheliosphere Anomalous10BespikesduringtheMaunderMinimumasapossible evidenceforcrosssectortransportintheheliosheath NEAREQUILIBRIUMHELIOSPHEREFAREQUILIBRIUMHELIOSHEATH: POSSIBLEMECHANISMS? PeriodiccosmicrayspikesattheMaunderMinimumindicatedbytheBe 10contentinGreenlandandAntarcticIcecores Importanceofheliosphericenvironmentasaparametertodeterminethe multidecadalvariationsofterrestrialclimate Directmodelingofneutralheliumintheheliosphere SolarRotationEffectsontheHeliosheathFlowNearSolarMinima ModelingtheDynamicOuterHeliosphereandComparisonAnalysiswith VoyagerObservedHighEnergyElectronFluxes

4)Interactionofthesolarwindwithsolarsystemobjectsanddustyenvironments,includingtheEarth's magnetosphere,planets,andcomets.
Chen,Bo ChinaMeteorologicalAdministration (CMA) CluadeGonzalez,Alicia INPE 41 42 Geomagneticinverseoftheringcurrentenergizationduringmagnetic stormanditsapplicationsintheDstprediction Studyofgeomagneticdisturbancesduringintensegeomagneticstormsby meansofLTUTmaps. - 75 Posters List by Category

NAME Elliott,Heather SouthwestResearchInstitute Frahm,Rudy SouthwestResearchInstitute Frahm,Rudy SouthwestResearchInstitute Galvin,Antoinette UniversityofNewHampshire Golden,Daniel StanfordUniversity Hassler,Donald SouthwestResearchInstitute Hurley,Dana JHUAPL Hutchinson,Ian MIT LeChat,Gatan HarvardSmithsonianCenterfor astrophysics Le,Guiming NationalCenterforSpaceWeather,China MeteorologicalAdministration Lopez,Jershon UniversityofIowa Meyer,Fred OakRidgeNationalLaboratory Moestl,Ute InstituteofPhysics,UniversityofGraz Richardson,Ian UMd/CRESST/NASAGSFC Richardson,Ian UMd/CRESST/NASAGSFC Robertson,Ina UniversityofKansas Russell,Chris UCLA Savani,Neel NavalResearchLaboratory

Board # 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 410 411

TITLE TheInfluenceofCorotatingInteractionRegionsOnElectronsinthe MartianMagnetosheathandIonosphere SolarEnergeticParticleArrivalatMarsduetothe27January2012Solar Storm TheCoronalMassEjectioninteractionwiththeInducedMagnetosphere ofMarsduetothe27January2012SolarStorm AnalysisofSuprathermalProtonEventsObservedbySTEREO/PLASTIC FocusingontheSolarWindMagnetosphericInteraction Modelingmagnetosphericchorusandhissasafunctionofsolarwindand geomagneticindices. CruiseObservationsfromMSL/RADDuringtheSolarParticleEventsof Early2012 EffectsofanICMEonthelunarexosphere Electroninstabilitymechanismsinthesolarwindmoonwake InterplanetarynanodustdetectionbySTEREO/WAVESLFR Ananalysisofthesolarwindparametersresponsibleforthemainphase ofthesupergeomagneticstormonMarch31,2001 KurtosisasaDiagnosticofLocalParticleAcceleration Kineticandpotentialsputteringoflunarregolith:thecontributionofthe heavy(minority)solarwindions 2.5DMHDSimulationsoftheKelvinHelmholtzInstabilityatBoundaries aroundVenusImplicationsfortheLossofIons NearEarthSolarWindFlowsandGeomagneticActivityOverMoreThan FourSolarCycles(19632011) SolarWindDriversofGeomagneticStormsOverMoreThanFourSolar Cycles SolarWindChargeExchangeandEarth'sMagnetosheath CollisionsinSpace:DetectionthroughtheSignatureofNanoscaleCharge DustPickupintheSolarWind TheinfluenceofCMEmomentumontotheEarth'sMagnetosphere

412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420

5)Statusandprospectsofcurrentandfuturesolarwindandheliosphericmissions,includingnewadvancesin instrumentation.
Broiles,Thomas UniversityofTexasSan Antonio/SouthwestResearchInstitute Case,Anthony SmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory Fayock,Brian CSPARUAH Podesta,John SpaceScienceInstitute Pogorelov,Nikolai UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville WimmerSchweingruber,Robert ChristianAlbrechtsUniversityKiel 51 52 53 54 55 56 CharacterizingtheResponseofHIStoNe,Mg,Si,andSusingMonteCarlo Simulation DesigningaSunpointingFaradayCupforSolarProbePlus AnalysisofLymanAlphaScatterintheHeliosphere Feasibilityofusingplasmawavestomeasurerapidchangesinthesolar winddensityandbulkvelocity MultiScaleFluidKineticSimulationSuite:AToolforModelingSolarWind FlowThroughouttheHeliosphere TheEnergeticParticleDetector(EPD)SuiteforSolarOrbiter

Posters List by Category

- 76 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

POSTERSLISTBYPARTICIPANT
Name
Ahluwalia,Harjit UniversityofNewMexico Ahluwalia,Harjit UniversityofNewMexico Alexandrova,Olga ObservatoryofParis Ao,Xianzhi CSPAR/UAH Barghouty,A. NASAMarshallSpaceFlightCenter Berger,Lars CAUKiel Berger,Lars CAUKiel BlancoCano,Xochitl InstitutodeGeofisica,UNAM Broiles,Thomas UniversityofTexasSan Antonio/SouthwestResearch Institute Bucik,Radoslav MPIfuerSonnensystemforschung Cairns,Iver UniversityofSydney Cartwright,Megan UCBerkeley Case,Anthony SmithsonianAstrophysical Observatory Chen,Bo ChinaMeteorological Administration(CMA) Chen,Christopher SpaceSciencesLab,UCBerkeley Chen,Junhong UniversityofNewHampshire Chen,Yao ShandongUniversityatWeihai Chen,Yao ShandongUniversityatWeihai CluadeGonzalez,Alicia INPE Consolini,Giuseppe INAFIAPS Dasgupta,Brahmananda UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville DeKoning,Curt UniversityofColorado Dosch,Alexander UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Dresing,Nina IEAP

Board #
31 11 21 22 12 23 32 24

Title
Thedescendingphaseofthecycle24cosmicraymodulation Presentstatusofsunspotcycle24development Solarwindturbulentspectrumatplasmakineticscales Particleaccelerationduetocrossshockpotential Kuang'sFormalismforElectronCaptureCrossSections:ApplicationtoENA Modeling IonProtonDifferentialStreamingintheSolarWindat1AU Pickupionobservationsat1AUwithSOHO/CELIAS/CTOF ElectronsupstreamoflowMachnumberIPshocks CharacterizingtheResponseofHIStoNe,Mg,Si,andSusingMonteCarlo Simulation 3HerichEventsObservedbySTEREOA NonzeroAzimuthalMagneticFieldsattheSolarSourceSurface:Extraction, Model,andImplications ThefrequencyandlocationofreconnectionassociatedwithICMEsandflux ropes DesigningaSunpointingFaradayCupforSolarProbePlus Geomagneticinverseoftheringcurrentenergizationduringmagneticstorm anditsapplicationsintheDstprediction ThreeDimensionalStructureofSolarWindTurbulence VariationinthePickupIonCoolingBehavioranditsRelationtoSolarWind StructuresandParameters StreamerWavesandAssociatedCoronalSeismologicalStudy SignaturesofCMEstreamerinteractionintypeIIradiobursts:spectralbump andspectralbreak Studyofgeomagneticdisturbancesduringintensegeomagneticstormsby meansofLTUTmaps. AStatisticalStudyofSolarWindPlasmaParameters ParticleMotionandEnergizationinChaoticMagneticField:Possible ApplicationtoSolarFlareandCosmicRayPropagation ELECTRONPITCHANGLEDISTRIBUTIONSDURINGSOLARELECTRONBURSTS Theroleofcorrelationlengthsintheturbulencetransportinastrophysical flowsandanapplicationtoparallelshocks MultispacecraftSTEREOobservationsofwidespreadSEPevents - 77 Posters List by Participant

51

25 13 26 52

41 27 33 14 15 42 28 16 29 210 211

Name
Elliott,Heather SouthwestResearchInstitute Fayock,Brian CSPARUAH Forman,Miriam StonyBrookUniversity Frahm,Rudy SouthwestResearchInstitute Frahm,Rudy SouthwestResearchInstitute Galvin,Antoinette UniversityofNewHampshire Galvin,Antoinette UniversityofNewHampshire Gamayunov,Konstantin FloridaInstituteofTechnology Gary,S. SpaceScienceInstitute Gershman,Daniel UniversityofMichigan Ghosh,Sanjoy JHUAPL Gieseler,Jan CAUKiel Golden,Daniel StanfordUniversity Goldstein,Melvyn NASAGODDARDSPACEFLIGHT CENTER Golla,Thejappa UniversityofMaryland Guo,Fan UniversityofArizona Hassler,Donald SouthwestResearchInstitute He,Jiansen SESS,PekingUniversity He,Jiansen SESS,PekingUniversity Ho,George JHU/APL Horaites,Konstantinos SpaceSciencesLaboratoryUC Berkeley Hurley,Dana JHUAPL Hutchinson,Ian MIT Iju,Tomoya NagoyaUniversity Isenberg,Philip UniversityofNewHampshire Jetha,Nazirah UAH Jian,Lan UnivofMaryland/NASAGSFC Jian,Lan UnivofMaryland/NASAGSFC Kataoka,Ryuho TokyoTech Posters List by Participant

Board #
43 53 212 45 44 46 18 213 34 35 214 36 47 215 19 216 48 217 110 218 219 49 410 220 111 221 222 223 37

Title
TheInfluenceofCorotatingInteractionRegionsOnElectronsintheMartian MagnetosheathandIonosphere AnalysisofLymanAlphaScatterintheHeliosphere Anisotropyofthesolarwindmagneticpowerspectraltensor TheCoronalMassEjectioninteractionwiththeInducedMagnetosphereof Marsduetothe27January2012SolarStorm SolarEnergeticParticleArrivalatMarsduetothe27January2012SolarStorm AnalysisofSuprathermalProtonEventsObservedbySTEREO/PLASTIC FocusingontheSolarWindMagnetosphericInteraction SolarWindIonObservations:ComparisonfromSolarMinimumtotheRising Cycle SelfConsistentModeloftheInterstellarPickupProtons,AlfvenicTurbulence, andCoreSolarWindintheOuterHeliosph Pickupprotoninstabilitiesandscatteringinthedistantsolarwindandthe outerheliosheath:Hybridsimulations Mappingthedistributionofinterstellarneutralheliumatsolardistancesof0.3 and1AUfrompickupionmeasurements DensityMagneticCorrelationsFromHallFLRMHDSimulations:Linearand NonlinearBehavior Temporalandspatialvariationofgalacticcosmicraysmeasuredby Ulysses/KETintheinnerheliosphere Modelingmagnetosphericchorusandhissasafunctionofsolarwindand geomagneticindices. Detectionofsmallscalestructuresinthedissipationregimeofsolarwind turbulence DetectionofCollapsingLangmuirWavePacketsinSolarTypeIIIRadioBursts TheVelocityDispersionofSolarEnergeticParticlesintheSolarWindMagnetic Turbulence CruiseObservationsfromMSL/RADDuringtheSolarParticleEventsofEarly 2012 Isotropicturbulenceforastreamofsolarwinddominatedwithoutward propagatingAlfvenwaves Generationofslowmodewaveassociatedwithreconnectionoutflowinthe solarwindsourceregion 3HeEnhancedSolarEnergeticParticleEventsinCycle24 GlobalVariationoftheSolarWind:HeliosObservations EffectsofanICMEonthelunarexosphere Electroninstabilitymechanismsinthesolarwindmoonwake KinematicsofInterplanetaryCoronalMassEjectionsintheInnerHeliosphere KineticModelsofFastSolarWindDrivenbyImbalancedIonCyclotron Dissipation EvolutionofresidualenergyintheSolarWind InterplanetaryShocksDetectedbySTEREOandtheUseofBurstModeTrigger inCapturingThem ObservationsofIonCyclotronWavesUsingWind:HowAreTheyRelatedto SolarWindParameters? Anomalous10BespikesduringtheMaunderMinimumasapossibleevidence forcrosssectortransportintheheliosheath - 78 -

Name
Kataoka,Ryuho TokyoTech Kahre,Lauren UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Ko,YuanKuen NavalResearchLaboratory Koval,Andriy UMBC/NASAGSFC Krasnosselskikh,Vladimir LPC2E/CNRSUniversityofOrleans Laitinen,Timo UniversityofCentralLancashire Laurenza,Monica INAF/IAPS Lawrence,David JohnsHopkinsUniversityApplied PhysicsLaboratory LeChat,Gatan HarvardSmithsonianCenterfor astrophysics LeChat,Gatan HarvardSmithsonianCenterfor astrophysics LeChat,Gatan HarvardSmithsonianCenterfor astrophysics Le,Guiming NationalCenterforSpaceWeather, ChinaMeteorological Administration Lee,Christina AirForceResearchLab Livadiotis,George SouthwestResearchInstitute Lopez,Jershon UniversityofIowa LopezPortela,Cynthia IGEOF/UNAM Lui,Anthony JHU/APL Malaspina,David LaboratoryforAtmosphericand SpacePhysics,Universityof Colorado,Boulder Maneva,Yana CUA/NASAGSFC Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware Matthaeus,William Bartol/U.ofDelaware McGregor,Sarah BostonUniversity Meyer,Fred OakRidgeNationalLaboratory Miyahara,Hiroko UniversityofTokyo

Board #
224 225 226 227 228 229 230 112

Title
DevelopmentofautomatedMHDsimulationoftheinnerheliosphere InvestigatingTurbulenceTransportintheHeliosphere HeavyIonPropertiesinICMEsandSignaturesofMagneticReconnectionin PostCMECurrentSheet MagneticfieldturbulencespectraobservedbytheWindspacecraft Electronbeamrelaxationinastronglyinhomogeneousplasma. Energeticparticletransportinturbulencewithscaledependentanisotropy AgeneralizedextremevaluedistributionfortheSEPeventspectrum:acase study The4June2011SolarNeutronEventatMESSENGER

231

TheSolarWindEnergyFlux

411

InterplanetarynanodustdetectionbySTEREO/WAVESLFR DiagnosticsofthesolarcoronafromcomparaisonbetweenFaradayrotation measurementsandMHDsimulations. Ananalysisofthesolarwindparametersresponsibleforthemainphaseofthe supergeomagneticstormonMarch31,2001 EnsemblemodelingofsuccessivehaloCMEsobservedduring24August2011 NEAREQUILIBRIUMHELIOSPHEREFAREQUILIBRIUMHELIOSHEATH: POSSIBLEMECHANISMS? KurtosisasaDiagnosticofLocalParticleAcceleration Whitelightobservationsofsmalltransientsinthecoronaduringtheminimum andtheascendingphaseofsolarcycle24 GradShafranovReconstructionofSolarWindFeaturesThatCausedaSuper GeomagneticStorm VariationofLangmuirwavepolarizationwithelectronbeamspeedintypeIII radiobursts TheeffectofAlfvencyclotronwavespectraonthepreferentialheatingand differentialaccelerationofHe++ionsinSW GenerationofXpointsinhighReynoldsnumberMHDturbulence:issuesof accuracyandimplicationsforcascade CoherentStructures,IntermittentTurbulenceandDissipationatKineticPlasma Scales KineticSignaturesandIntermittentTurbulenceintheSolarWind Interchangereconnectioninunipolarregionsofthesolarcorona SourceRegiondependenceonturbulentfluctuationsintheSolarWind Kineticandpotentialsputteringoflunarregolith:thecontributionofthe heavy(minority)solarwindions PeriodiccosmicrayspikesattheMaunderMinimumindicatedbytheBe10 contentinGreenlandandAntarcticIcecores - 79 Posters List by Participant

113

412

232 38 413 114 233

234

115 236 235 237 116 238 414 39

Name
Miyahara,Hiroko UniversityofTokyo Moestl,Christian UCBerkeley Moestl,Ute InstituteofPhysics,Universityof Graz Mueller,Hans DartmouthCollege Nariyuki,Yasuhiro UniversityofToyama Nemecek,Zdenek CharlesUniversity Neugebauer,Marcia UniversityofArizona NievesChinchilla,Teresa CUAGSFC Ofman,Leon CUA/NASAGSFC Pahud,Danielle BostonUniversity Panasenco,Olga HelioResearch Parashar,Tulasi NASACaltechJetPropulsion Laboratory Perez,Jean UniversityofNewHampshire Pinto,Rui CEASaclay/IrfuSAp Pinto,Rui CEASaclay/IrfuSAp Podesta,John SpaceScienceInstitute Poedts,Stefaan CPA/KULeuven Pogorelov,Nikolai UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Pogorelov,Nikolai UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Pogorelov,Nikolai UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Poletto,Giannina INAFArcetriAstrophysical Observatory Prech,Lubomir CharlesUniversity Pulupa,Marc UCBerkeley Qin,Gang CenterforSpaceScience&Applied Research Richardson,Ian UMd/CRESST/NASAGSFC Richardson,Ian UMd/CRESST/NASAGSFC Robertson,Ina UniversityofKansas Rodriguez,Luciano RoyalObservatoryofBelgium Posters List by Participant

Board #
310 239 415 311 240 241 117 242 118 243 119 244 245 246 120 54 247 312 55 248 121 249 250 251 417 416 418 252

Title
Importanceofheliosphericenvironmentasaparametertodeterminethe multidecadalvariationsofterrestrialclimate Impactsofmultiplecoronalmassejectionsaround2010August1intheinner heliosphere 2.5DMHDSimulationsoftheKelvinHelmholtzInstabilityatBoundaries aroundVenusImplicationsfortheLossofIons Directmodelingofneutralheliumintheheliosphere NonlineardissipationofcircularlypolarizedAlfv'enwavesduetothebeam inducedwaves:2Dhybridsimulations Spectralpropertiesofsolarwindfluctuations IsThereaSolarSignalinDoubleProtonBeamsintheSolarWind? CombiningremoteandinsituobservationstounderstandtheCMEevolution intheinnerheliosphere. Modelingtheheatingandaccelerationofthesolarwindwithaturbulent Alfvenicwavespectrum MHDsimulationsoftheevolutionofastreaminteractionregion:LFMhelio SolarWindfromPseudostreamers:theConnectionwithFilamentChannels Expansioneffectsonthesolarwind:Hybridsimulations ReflectiondrivenAlfvenWaveturbulenceintheSolarWind Alfvnwavedrivenpolarplumes:dependenceonthechromospheric conditions Couplingthesolardynamoandthecorona:windproperties,massand momentumlossesduringanactivitycycle Feasibilityofusingplasmawavestomeasurerapidchangesinthesolarwind densityandbulkvelocity Amodelfortheevolutionofslowcoronalmassejectionsupto1AU SolarRotationEffectsontheHeliosheathFlowNearSolarMinima MultiScaleFluidKineticSimulationSuite:AToolforModelingSolarWindFlow ThroughouttheHeliosphere ModelingSolarWindFlowUsingTimedependentBoundaryConditions DerivedfromInterplanetaryScintillationObservations EvidenceforActiveRegionsoutflowsintheintermediatecorona Multispacecraftobservationsofmagneticreconnectioninthesolarwind Solarwindelectrondrifts:measurementsandtrends Todeterminthereleasetimeofsolarenergeticparticlesregardingthe perpendiculardiffusioneffect SolarWindDriversofGeomagneticStormsOverMoreThanFourSolarCycles NearEarthSolarWindFlowsandGeomagneticActivityOverMoreThanFour SolarCycles(19632011) SolarWindChargeExchangeandEarth'sMagnetosheath Internalcharacteristicsofmagneticcloudsat1AU - 80 -

Name
Rollett,Tanja InstituteofPhysics,Universityof Graz RomeroHernandez,Esmeralda UNAM Russell,Chris UCLA Salem,Chadi UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley Savani,Neel NavalResearchLaboratory Selwa,Malgorzata CPA/KULeuven Seough,Jungjoon KyungHeeUniversiy Servidio,Sergio UniversityofCalabria Servidio,Sergio UniversityofCalabria Sharma,R.P. IndianInstituteofTechnology Simunac,Kristin UniversityofNewHampshire Simunac,Kristin UniversityofNewHampshire Singh,Nagendra UniversityofAlabama,Huntsville, AL Smith,Charles UniversityofNewHampshire Smith,Charles UniversityofNewHampshire Smith,Edward JetPropulsionLaboratory Song,HongQiang ShandongUniversityatWeihai TenBarge,Jason UniversityofIowa Tian,Hui NationalCenterforAtmospheric Research Tian,Hui NationalCenterforAtmospheric Research Usmanov,Arcadi Univ.ofDelaware/NASAGSFC Vandas,Marek AstronomicalInstitute Vasquez,Bernard UniversityofNewHampshire Velli,Marco JetPropulsionLaboratory, CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology Verdini,Andrea SIDCRoyalObservatoryof Belgium Verdini,Andrea SIDCRoyalObservatoryof Belgium Verkhoglyadova,Olga CSPAR,UAH/JPL,Caltech

Board #
253 254 419 255 420 122 256 258 257 259 260 261 124 263 262 264 125 265 126

Title
AnalysisofheliosphericobservationsofCMEsbyusinganumericalsimulation Studyofcorotatinginteractionregionsintheascendingphaseofthesolar cycle:multispacecraftobservations CollisionsinSpace:DetectionthroughtheSignatureofNanoscaleChargeDust PickupintheSolarWind IdentificationofKineticAlfvenWaveTurbulenceintheSolarWind TheinfluenceofCMEmomentumontotheEarth'sMagnetosphere 3DMHDnumericalexperimentsofreconnectionintwisteddipolarflaring regions EffectsofIntermediateScaleVariationsonProtonTemperatureAnisotropyvs BetaInverseCorrelationintheSolarWind Localanisotropy,"higherorder"statisticsandspectrainturbulence Numericalsimulationsofplasmaturbulencewithheavyions:Nonlinear dynamicsofhydrogenandalphaparticles NonlinearEvolutionofDispersiveAlfvnwavesinSolarWindandCorona MultiSpacecraftObservationsoftheHeliosphericPlasmaSheet OntheAccelerationofHePickupIonsintheInnerHeliosphere Doublelayersasamechanismforsuddenionaccelerationinthincoronal transitionregion TheTurbulentCascadeandProtonHeatingintheSolarWindDuringSolar Minimum AnnalysisofMultiDimensionalCorrelationFunctionsatSmallScalesinthe SolarWind LargedeviationsofthemagneticfielddirectioninsideCRRsfromtheParker spiral:AtestoftheSchwadronmodel Coalescenceofmagneticislandsandelectronacceleration CollisionlessDissipationofKineticPlasmaTurbulence Observationalstudiesofmasssupplytothesolarwindandcorona HYDROGENLyANDLyRADIANCESANDPROFILESINPOLARCORONAL HOLES Threedimensional,threefluidMHDmodelingofthesolarwindwith turbulencetransportandheating Magneticfielddisturbanceinfrontofasupersonictoroidalmagneticcloud MagneticHelicityofStrong2DTurbulenceintheDissipationRange Protontemperatureanisotropyandcurrentsheetstability:2Dhybrid simulations TransitionfromweaktostrongcascadeinMHDturbulence

127 266 267 268 269

271

270 272

Ontheoriginofthe1/fspectruminthesolarwindmagneticfield RadialdependenceofSEPheavyionfluxesandcomposition(Fe/Oratio): modelingwiththePATHcode - 81 Posters List by Participant

Name
Wan,Minping UniversityofDelaware Wan,Minping UniversityofDelaware Wang,Linghua SpaceSciencesLab,UCBerkeley Wang,Xin PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO Wang,Xin PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO Wang,Xin PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO Washimi,Haruichi CSPAR Webb,Gary UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville Wicks,Robert GoddardSpaceFlightCenter Wicks,Robert GoddardSpaceFlightCenter WimmerSchweingruber,Robert ChristianAlbrechtsUniversityKiel Yao,Shuo ChinaUniversityof Geosciences(Beijing) Yu,HsiuShan CASS/UCSD Yu,Wenyuan UniversityofNewHampshire Yu,Wenyuan UniversityofNewHampshire Zank,Gary Univ.ofAlabamainHuntsville Zhao,Liang NCAR/HAO Zuccarello,Francesco CPA/KUleuven

Board #
128 274 275 276 129 130 313 131 277 278 56 279 132 281 280 282 133 283

Title
Arefinedsimilarityhypothesisformagnetohydrodynamicturbulenceandits implicationsforsolarwind Thethirdorderlawforanisotropicmagnetohydrodynamicsanditsapplication insolarwind QuiettimeInterplanetary~220keVSuperhaloElectronsatSolarMinimum LargeAmplitudeAlfvenWaveinInterplanetarySpace:theWINDSpacecraft Observations TemperatureDependenceofUVLineParametersinNetworkandInternetwork RegionsoftheQuietSunandCoronalholes Whatcausesthedepthofcoronalholes? ModelingtheDynamicOuterHeliosphereandComparisonAnalysiswith VoyagerObservedHighEnergyElectronFluxes AlfvenWaveMixingintheSolarWind Spectraandhelicityofmagneticfluctuationsexcitedbytemperature anisotropyinstabilitiesinthesolarwind. SolarWindFluctuations:NotYourGrandmothersTurbulence TheEnergeticParticleDetector(EPD)SuiteforSolarOrbiter Theangledistributionofthepossiblesmallscalepressurebalancedstructures inthesolarwind The3DAnalysisofPolarJetsUsingImagesfromLASCOC2andSTEREOCOR2 CoronagraphsandtheSolarMassEjectionImager SmallTransientsintheSolarWind:STEREOAObservationsin2009 APlanarInterplanetaryStructureEmbeddedinaSmallSolarWindTransient TheTransportofDensityFluctuationsthroughouttheSolarWind Implicationsofcoronalmagneticstructureforsolarwindatcycleminimum TheroleofstreamersinthedeflectionofCMEs:comparisonbetweenSTEREO 3Dreconstructionsandnumericalsimulations

Posters List by Participant

- 82 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Ahluwalia, Harjit
The descending phase of the cycle 24 cosmic ray modulation
H.S. Ahluwalia, University of New Mexico
We present the current statusof the descending phase of the galactic cosmic ray modulation for the sunspot cycle 24, at earth orbit. The data from the global network of the neutron monitors, the muon detectors, as well as the balloon measurements at high latitudes are used for this study. The timeline for the cycle 24 modulation is compared with those of the past cycles (18-23). We note the similarities and differences of their characteristics, taking into account the trends in the solar and interplanetary data. The results are compared with the predictions of the theoretical models of cosmic ray modulation. The physical significance of our findings is discussed.

Ahluwalia, Harjit
H.S. Ahluwalia, University of New Mexico R.C. Ygbuhay, University of New Mexico

Present status of sunspot cycle 24 development

The smoothed sunspot numbers for cycle 24 have been increasing slowly since its onset in December 2008. Ahluwalia and Jackewicz [2011] have predicted that cycle 24 will be only half as active as cycle 23 and reach its peak in May 2013 +/- 6 months. We report on the present status of the ascending phase of cycle 24 and compare its timeline with those of the previous ten cycles (10-23) of the twentieth century; cycle 24 is rising the slowest. Ahluwalia and Jackewicz assert that we may be on the eve of Dalton-like minimum, so we compare the ascending phase of cycle 24 with those of cycles 5 and 14 that led to the start of two recent Grand Minima, namely Dalton and Gleissberg Minima respectively. The physical significance of of our results is discussed.

Ao, Xianzhi
Xianzhi Ao, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, the University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL Ross Burrows, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, the University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL Gary P. Zank, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, and Department of Physics, the University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL
We solved a set of one-dimensional two-fluid Maxwell equations numerically with very high spatial and temporal resolutions. Unlike the usual numerical simulations, the characteristic length scale in our calculation is Debye length and the time scale is the inverse of electron plasma frequency. Furthermore, we adopted the realistic light speed and proton-electron mass ratio. The simulation successfully demonstrates the formation of the cross-shock potential. The fine detailed acceleration process of test particles by the cross-shock potential will be presented. Nonlinear effect emerges after the particles are multiply reflected by the cross-shock potential. Therefore, statistical analysis is required to study shock-surfing process and similar particle-scattering processes in the heliosphere.

Particle acceleration due to cross-shock potential

Barghouty, A.
Kuang's Formalism for Electron Capture Cross-Sections: Application to ENA Modeling
A.F. Barghouty, NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center
Accurate estimates of electron-capture cross sections at energies relevant to Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) modeling (~ few MeVs per nucleon) and for multi-electron ions must rely on first-principles approaches or detailed quantum-mechanical simulation of the collision process. Kuang's semi-classical approach offers a middle-ground, elegant and efficient way to arrive at these estimates. We shall present a sample application used for the recent STEROEO observations as well as to report current progress in extending Kuang's formalism for purposes of applications to ENAs ion-ion reactions.

- 83 -

Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Berger, Lars
Lars Berger, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Robert Wimmer-Schweingruber, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel George Gloeckler, University of Michigan
The small amount of heavy ions in the highly rarefied solar wind are sensitive tracers for plasma-physics processes, which are usually not accessible in the laboratory. We have analyzed differential streaming between heavy ions and protons in the solar wind at 1 AU. 3D velocity vector and magnetic field measurements from the Solar Wind Electron Proton Alpha Monitor and the Magnetometer aboard the Advanced Composition Explorer were used to reconstruct the ion-proton difference vector vip=vi-vp from the 12 min 1D Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer observations. We find that all 44 analyzed heavy ions flow along the interplanetary magnetic field at velocities which are smaller than, but comparable to, the local Alfvn speed CA. The flow speeds of 35 of the 44 ion species lie within the range of 0.15CA around 0.55CA, the flow speed of He2+. In addition to this study, that has been published in Physical Review Letters (DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.151103), we present observations of short-term, highly non-Maxwellian ion velocity distributions (ACE/SWICS) in the presence of ion-cyclotron Alfvn waves (ACE/MAG). These observations support the idea that ion-ion plasma instabilities arising on small time scales regulate ionproton differential streaming at 1 AU.

Ion-Proton Differential Streaming in the Solar Wind at 1 AU

Berger, Lars
Lars Berger, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Christian Drews, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Robert Wimmer-Schweingruber, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel
The Charge Time-Of-Flight (CTOF) instrument is a linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer on SOHO and was designed to study heavy ions in the bulk solar wind energy regime. It combines a large collection area with high mass, charge, and temporal resolution, and thus should be perfectly suited to study heavy pickup ions (mass>4amu) at 1 AU. Despite CTOFs short life time of only 150 days it surprises that such an analysis has not yet been performed. Our studies on inner-source as well as interstellar heavy pickup ions show that CTOF's performance matches and partially surpasses similar instruments like ULYSSES/SWICS, ACE/SWICS and STEREO/PLASTIC. Here we present first results.

Pickup ion observations at 1 AU with SOHO/CELIAS/CTOF

Blanco-Cano, Xochitl
P. Kajdi, U. Toulouse, UNAM X. Blanco-Cano, UNAM A. Opitz, U. Toulouse E. Aguilar-Rodriguez, UNAM C. T. Russell, UCLA L. K. Jian, GSFC J. G. Luhmann, SSL Berkeley J. A. Sauvaud V. Ontiveros

Electrons upstream of low-Mach number IP shocks

We study electron distributions upstream of ten interplanetary (IP) shocks observed during the years 2007-2010 when the Sun's activity was low. We use data from various STEREO in-situ instruments. All of the ICMEs that drove the shocks in the sample were isolated events, so the shocks were produced purely due to their interactions with the solar wind. Nine of the shocks were quasi-perpendicular, all had small magnetosonic Mach numbers (less than ~2). Suprathermal ion foreshocks and ULF (periods ~10 100 seconds) and whistler waves (frequencies ~1Hz) were observed upstream of some of them, as described by Kajdi et al. (2012). Upstream of some of the shocks we detected bidirectional electron distributions, which could be due to the acceleration at the shock. Here we calculate the extensions of the electron foreshocks and, if present, we compare them to those of ion foreshocks. We study the presence of these electron distributions as a function of shock parameters, upstream solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions and compare them with the presence of upstream whistler and Langmuir waves.

Broiles, Thomas
Thomas Broiles, UTSA/SwRI Stefano Livi, SwRI/UTSA

Characterizing the Response of HIS to Ne, Mg, Si, and S using Monte Carlo Simulation

Solar Orbiter will launch in 2017 or 2018, and with it the Heavy Ion Sensor (HIS) as a part of the Solar Wind Analyzer (SWA) instrument suite. Heavy ions of particular interest are Neon, Magnesium, Silicon, and Sulfur which have been difficult to measure in the past due to their similar mass per charge ratios in the solar wind. We have characterized the response of HIS to these species using Monte Carlo simulations of the instrument. These simulations use realistic count rates, and accounts for lost energy and angular scattering of ions passing through carbon foils, time-of-flight for electrons, and the pulse-height defect within the solid-state detector.

Poster Abstracts

- 84 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Bucik, Radoslav
R. Bucik, Max-Planck-Institut fr Sonnensystemforschung U. Mall, Max-Planck-Institut fr Sonnensystemforschung A. Korth, Max-Planck-Institut fr Sonnensystemforschung G. M. Mason, Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University R. Gmez-Herrero, University of Alcal
Using the SIT (Suprathermal Ion Telescope) instrument on STEREO-A we have examined the abundance of the rare isotope 3He during the rising activity phase of solar cycle 24 between January 2010 and December 2011. We have identified periods with enormous abundance enhancements of 3He (3He/4He 1) on 21 Feb 2010, 22 Oct 2010, 22 Nov 2010, 18 Feb 2011, 19 Feb 2011, 06 May 2011, and 16 Jul 2011. These periods had short duration, typically ~ 0.5-1 day and most of them occurred in association with high speed solar wind streams and corotating interaction regions. With one exception the events were not associated with ~ 100 keV solar electron intensity increases. We have also examined the heavy-ion composition and found enhanced NeS/O and Fe/O ratios in these events. Combining the abundance observations from ACE and STEREO-A the source regions of 3He emission are discussed.

3He-rich Events Observed by STEREO-A

Cairns, Iver
Hagen Schulte in den Baumen, University of Sydney Iver Cairns, University of Sydney

Nonzero Azimuthal Magnetic Fields at the Solar Source Surface: Extraction, Model, and Implications

A recent two-dimensional (radial distance r and solar longitude phi) model for the solar wind is driven using 1-hour averaged data from the Wind spacecraft. We extend the treatment of the Sun's magnetic field in the model to allow a nonzero intrinsic azimuthal component B_phi at the solar source surface, assumed to be at the photosphere where r = Rs, in addition to the radial component Br. We find nonzero azimuthal magnetic fields at the source surface which dominate the variability in the vector B(r; phi) at 1 AU and beyond. While the surface magnetic field is closely radial on average it is sometimes almost 75 degrees away from the radial direction near solar maximum. The azimuthal and radial components vary smoothly on periods of order a day with sharp transitions via current sheets. The averages <B_phi(R_s)> and <B_r(R_s)> inferred over solar cycle 23 were 4.4 +/-4.8 mG and 1.2 +/- 0.3 G at the photosphere, respectively. The typical fields <B_r(R_s)> are consistent with previous estimates. This consistency, the finding of a linear relation between the data-smoothing time period and the average transition time for each component and other arguments support the contention that the B_phi(R_s) fields found are intrinsic. The B_phi(R_s) and B_r(R_s) fields vary differently with the solar cycle: B_r(R_s) is correlated with the sunspot number while B_phi(R_s) has a twolevel behavior. Our results and model can account naturally for non-Parker-like magnetic field directions at 1 AU and all r above the source surface.

Cartwright, Megan
Megan Cartwright, UCB Tai Phan, UCB Lan Jian, GSFC V. Angelopoulos, UCLA J. McFadden, UCB D. Larson, UCB K.H. Glassmeir, TU Braunschweig

The frequency and location of reconnection associated with ICMEs and flux ropes

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental physical process that converts magnetic energy into particle energy. In recent years, it is realized that the solar wind is a wonderful laboratory in which to study this process using in-situ measurements, particularly in association with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). The presence of current sheets and associated reconnection within these phenomena provide a large number of diverse boundary conditions to study reconnection. For example, the presence of current sheets in an ICME will allow us to study (1) compressed current sheets and reconnection associated with the shock, (2) asymmetric reconnection in the sheath, and (3) low beta reconnection in the ejecta. Additionally, reconnection occurring at the interface between an ICME or flux rope and the ambient solar wind will act to erode away some of the magnetic flux carried by the transient. Despite case studies indicating reconnection in these regions, we still do not know the overall occurrence frequency of magnetic reconnection associated with ICMEs and flux ropes? We present a statistical study of current sheets and reconnection observed by WIND and THEMIS/ARTEMIS high resolution (3s) plasma and magnetic field datasets embedded in these phenomena. We will use these observations to identify where and at what frequency magnetic reconnection occurs in ICMEs. We will present the current sheet properties in each region such as their width, orientation, and field shear.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Case, Anthony
A. W. Case, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory on behalf of the SWEAP team

Designing a Sun-pointing Faraday Cup for Solar Probe Plus

The NASA Solar Probe Plus (SPP) mission will be the first spacecraft to pass through the sub-Alfvnic solar corona. The objectives of the mission are to trace the flow of energy that heats and accelerates the solar corona and solar wind, to determine the structure and dynamics of the plasma and magnetic fields at the sources of the solar wind, and to explore mechanisms that accelerate and transport energetic particles. The Solar Wind Electrons, Alphas, and Protons (SWEAP) Investigation instrument suite on SPP will measure the bulk solar wind conditions in the inner heliosphere. SWEAP consists of the Solar Probe Cup (SPC), a sun-pointing Faraday Cup, and the Solar Probe ANalyzers, a set of 3 electrostatic analyzers that will reside in the penumbra of SPP's thermal protection system and measure solar wind ions and electrons. SPP is scheduled to launch in 2018 into an equatorial solar orbit where a sequence of Venus gravity assists will gradually lower its closest solar approach to within 8.5 solar radii (Rs) of the solar surface. The photon flux at 8.5 Rs is more than 500 times greater than at 1 AU and therefore presents a design challenge for SPC, which will point directly at the Sun. SPC is derived from the Faraday Cup instruments successfully flown on spacecraft from the beginning of the space age, but updated with high temperature materials to operate through the solar encounters. Current work includes both instrument design and the development of a testing approach capable of demonstrating adequate performance in encounter conditions. This presentation will briefly discuss the suite as a whole, and then focus on the design and capabilities of SPC. We will also present the planned calibration and characterization of the instrument and the testing required to demonstrate the technological readiness of the design.

Chen, Bo
Geomagnetic inverse of the ring current energization during magnetic storm and its applications in the Dst prediction
Bo Chen, China Meteorological Administration (CMA)
Intensity and lasting time of the main phase were two significantly important parts for the space weather prediction. Furthermore, any improvements of forecasting technique and result depend on the studies of the ring current energization during magnetic storm. Its also helpful to advance our knowledge of the energy transport and transformation when energization was fully understood. In a word, the research progress by the methods of theoretic analysis combined with geomagnetic inverse should be useful to investigate the physical energization with both academic meanings and operational application. This program start with the lognormal fitting of Dst indices and further analyse the energization of the charged particle in traveling magnetosphere by using single particle dynamics and adiabatic theory. The probability distribution function will be proposed in order to extend the single particle problem to many particles which consistent with real physics. After that, a quantitative parameter which called energizing index as describe the efficiency of the ring current energization will be designed. Finally, the two fitting parameters of lognormal will be physically interpreted after compared with the geomagnetic observations and then the theoretic basis for Dst physical predicting can be constructed.

Chen, Christopher
C. H. K. Chen, University of California, Berkeley A. Mallet, University of Oxford A. A. Schekochihin, University of Oxford T. S. Horbury, Imperial College London R. T. Wicks, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center S. D. Bale, University of California, Berkeley

Three-Dimensional Structure of Solar Wind Turbulence

Solar wind turbulence has been measured for many decades but its three-dimensional (3D) structure has not yet been comprehensively characterized. If we are to understand its basic dynamics, however, it is important to know what this structure is. Here, we present a new single-spacecraft technique to measure the local 3D structure of solar wind turbulence in the MHD inertial range. We have found that the Alfvenic fluctuations are 3D anisotropic with respect to the local mean field and local fluctuation directions, with the sense of this anisotropy changing from large to small scales. Possible explanations of these observations will be discussed. It was also found that the compressive fluctuations are significantly more anisotropic than the Alfvenic turbulence, which may explain why they are not heavily damped and, therefore, why the fast solar wind is slightly compressive.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Chen, Junhong
JH. Chen, University of New Hampshire E. Moebius, University of New Hampshire and Los Alamos Natinal Laboratory P. Bochsler, University of New Hampshire M. Bzowski, Polish Academy of Science G. Gloeckler, University of Michigan P. A. Isenberg, University of New Hampshire J. M. Sokol, Polish Academy of Science B. Kleckler, Max-Planck-Institut Fuer Extraterrestriche Physik A. B. Galvin, University of New Hampshire M. Popercki, University of New Hampshire

Variation in the Pickup Ion Cooling Behavior and its Relation to Solar Wind Structures and Parameters

The velocity distribution of interstellar pickup ions (PUI) has typically been described as evolving through fast pitch angle scattering followed by adiabatic cooling while being transported radially outward with the solar wind. In combination, the ionization rate, which controls the radial profile of the interstellar neutrals, and the cooling process determine the slope of the observed PUI distributions. Thus far, a cooling index of 3/2 for the PUI velocity distributions as a function of radial distance from the Sun (Vasyliunas & Siscoe, JGR, 81,1247, 1976) has been used in almost all studies. This value is based on the implicit assumptions of immediate PUI isotropization and solar wind expansion with the square of the distance from the Sun. In a comparison of ACE SWICS He+ PUI distributions, taken for one month in the upwind direction of the interstellar flow over one solar cycle, with such an isotropic PUI velocity distribution for measured ionization rates, we find noticeable differences of the cooling index from the adopted value of 3/2 and a distinct variation with solar activity. Such variations may be attributed to varying solar wind expansion patterns, e.g., in compression and decompression regions, effects of enhanced electron-impact ionization close to the Sun, and variations in interplanetary parameters (interplanetary magnetic field orientation and strength, solar wind speed and density). Therefore, we use STEREO-A PLASTIC observations of He+ PUI distributions, which provide sufficient counting statistics already for <1 hour, together with time-resolved ionization rates at 1AU to study how the observed cooling index variations are related to solar wind compressions and decompression regions as well as changes in solar wind speed and interplanetary magnetic field. We will discuss potential implications related to solar wind expansion and PUI transport.

Chen, Yao
Streamer Waves and Associated Coronal Seismological Study
Yao Chen, Shandong University at Weihai
In this presentation, I will review our latest studies on a newly-discovered phenomenon dubbed streamer waves which are excited in the aftermath of CME-streamer interaction. Streamer waves represent one of the largest wave phenomena ever observed in the solar corona. The wave is interpreted as the fast kink body mode supported by the thin plasma sheet of the streamer. A novel corona-seimological technique was developed to diagnose the radial profiles of the Alfvn speed and magnetic field strength in the region surrouding the plasma sheet structure from 3 to 10 solar radii. We also conduct a data survey searching for well-defined streamer wave events observed by the SOHO-STEREO coronagraphs throughout the past and present solar cycles, to shed light on the excitation conditions of the streamer wave phenomenon. (References: Chen et al., 2010, ApJ, 714, 644; Chen et al., 2011, ApJ, 728, 147; Feng et al., 2011, Sol. Phys.)

Chen, Yao
Yao Chen, Shandong University at Weihai Shiwei Feng, Shandong University at Weihai Xiangliang Kong, Shandong University at Weihai Hongqiang Song, Shandong University at Weihai Gang Li, University of Alabama in Huntsville Fan Guo, University of Arizona Ying Liu, University of California, Berkeley

Signatures of CME-streamer interaction in type II radio bursts: spectral bump and spectral break

It has been suggested that type II radio bursts are due to energetic electrons accelerated at coronal shocks. Radio observations, however, have poor or no spatial resolutions to pinpoint the exact acceleration locations of these electrons. In this presentation, I will discuss a promising approach to infer the electron acceleration location by combining radio and white light observations. The key assumption is to relate specific morphological features (e.g. spectral bumps or breaks) of the dynamic spectra of type II radio bursts, to imaging features (e.g. CME crossing a streamer) along the CME (and its driven shock) propagation. In this study, we examine two metric type II bursts and associated CME-streamer interactions dated on 2003 November 1 and on 2011 March 27. The type II dynamic spectra of the two events were featured by a spectral bump and a spectral break, respectively, according to the dynamic spectral radio observations. The spectral bump is interpreted as a result of the shock-radio emitting region entering the dense streamer structure from outside, while the spectral break is interpreted as a result of the radio source along the shock crossing the streamer boundary from inside of a streamer. The study is useful for further determinations of the source of type II radio bursts and the associated electron acceleration by CME-driven shock. (References: Feng et al., 2012 ApJ, eprint arXiv:1204.5569; Kong et al., 2012, 750, 158, ApJ)

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Clua de Gonzalez, Alicia
Alicia L. Cla de Gonzalez, INPE, SP-Brazil Walter D. Gonzalez, INPE, SP-Brazil

Study of geomagnetic disturbances during intense geomagnetic storms by means of LT-UT maps.

The local-time variations in the disturbance of the geomagnetic-field horizontal (H) component for eight intense geomagnetic storms (Dst peak -200 nT), that occurred during the descending phase of solar cycle 23, have been analyzed by means of local time-universal time (LT-UT) maps, with the objective of observing how the morphology and evolution of the ring current is mapped into the surface of the Earth. The values of H were obtained from six mid-latitude stations, with 5 min resolution, and then interpolated by a cubic spline to fill up all longitudes. In order to detect a prevalent pattern for the behavior of the geomagnetic-disturbance distribution, a statistical analysis was done by means of occurrence histograms, for different levels of intensity and as a function of local time. Furthermore, the observed distributions were tentatively associated with the corresponding interplanetary causes of the events.

Consolini, Giuseppe
A Statistical Study of Solar-Wind Plasma Parameters
Giuseppe CONSOLINI, INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali
Solar wind on the ecliptic plane shows a very high variability of the plasma parameters (velocity, density, proton temperature, etc.) This high variability is generally related to the presence of different solar wind conditions, such as, for instance, fast and slow solar wind. Here, we present the preliminary results of a statistical study of the solar wind parameters over a period of more than 11 years. In particular, we attempt a thermodynamic characterization of the different solar wind conditions, by investigating some thermodynamic quantities (the thermodynamic entropy, the specific energy and the specific volume) and their dependence on the plasma velocity. The study is performed in terms of a conditioned statistical analysis for different solar wind conditions.

Dasgupta, Brahmananda
Particle Motion and Energization in Chaotic Magnetic Field: Possible Application to Solar Flare and Cosmic Ray Propagation

B. Dasgupta, CSPAR, UAH, Gang Li, CSPAR,Dept. of Phys, UAH Abhay Ram, MIT, Cambridge, Mass. 02139 Xiaocan Li, Dept. of Phys, UAH, AL

Magnetic field associated with a current configuration can become chaotic due to breaking of symmetry of the current configuration generating the magnetic field. As such, chaotic magnetic fields should be intrinsic and fundamental in nature. We have generated chaotic magnetic fields in an asymmetric loop-wire current configuration (the basic system) and studied the motion of a test particle in such chaotic magnetic fields, for both time-independent and time-varying current configurations. Our results shows both cross-field diffusion and particle energization. In this presentation we apply our approach to study the propagation of cosmic ray particles in space and particle energization process in solar flare. Current structures in flare sites are complicated, dynamic and never symmetric, so the magnetic field at flare sites are necessarily chaotic. By modeling the flare site as an assembly (statistical ensemble) of these time varying basic systems, we determine the energy spectra of the energetic particles by numerical simulations. Preliminary results of our numerical simulation will be presented.

De Koning, Curt
ELECTRON PITCH-ANGLE DISTRIBUTIONS DURING SOLAR ELECTRON BURSTS
Linghua Wang (SSL), Ruth M. Skoug (LANL), John T. Steinberg (LANL), J. T. Gosling (LASP), Robert P. Lin (SSL)
We analyse the pitch-angle distribution of several solar electron bursts over a broad range of energies, from suprathermal electron energies up to near-relativistic electron energies. We find that the PAD width during these events varied nonmonotonically with energy, with a minimum in the width energy profiles often being observed between 10 and 20 keV. In addition, we find time periods when the PAD width energy profile had a distinct maximum or protuberance below 10 keV. Analysis of these events suggests that the protuberance in the width energy profiles may be a manifestation of electron scattering at a distance by the electron/electron instability, as previously predicted by simulations.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Dosch, Alexander
The role of correlation lengths in the turbulence transport in astrophysical flows and an application to parallel shocks

A. Dosch, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville L. Adhikari, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville G.P. Zank, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville

Recently, Zank et al. 2012 developed a model to describe the transport of low-frequency turbulence in inhomogeneous and magnetized flows, based on the Elssser description. By taking moments of the small scale Elssser variable z(+/-), the transport equations of the total energy ET, the cross helicity EC, and the energy difference (residual energy) ED of the turbulence were derived. The set of transport equations was completed by introducing evolution equations for the correlation lengths lambda(+/-) (corresponding to forward and backward propagating modes of the Elssser variable), and the correlation length lambda(D) (corresponding to the energy difference ED). A first simplification can be achieved by setting lambda(+) = lambda(-). We show that, based on an integral scale for velocity correlations, the choice of lambda(+) = lambda(-) has certain implications on the set of transport equations. In particular, lambda(D) and z(+/-) can no longer be chosen arbitrarily, but must satisfy certain restrictions. These are discussed and a reduced transport model is derived. By way of application and example we consider the amplification of turbulence at a 1D parallel shock (see also Hu et al., this meeting).

Dresing, Nina
N. Dresing R. Gmez-Herrero A. Klassen B. Heber Y. Kartavykh W. Drge

Multi-spacecraft STEREO observations of wide-spread SEP events

In February 2011 the two STEREO spacecraft reached a separation of 180 degrees in longitude, offering a complete view of the Sun for the first time ever. Since the full Sun's surface is visible, source active regions of solar energetic particle (SEP) events can be identified unambiguously. In combination with near-Earth observatories three well separated viewpoints provide a perfect platform to investigate SEP events especially in terms of the longitudinal spread of energetic particles. Several events have been observed with source to footpoint separations of above 100 degrees. Some events even suggest a 360 degree wide particle distribution at 1 AU as the January 17, 2010 or the November 3, 2011 SEP events. In this work we present multi-spacecraft observations of wide-spread SEP events, identify the associated activity phenomena at the Sun and discuss the remote-sensing and in-situ measurements in terms of source mechanisms and particle transport through the interplanetary medium.

Elliott, Heather
Heather Elliott, Southwest Res. Inst., San Antonio,TX Rudy Frahm, Southwest Res. Inst., San Antonio,TX James Sharber, Southwest Res. Inst., San Antonio,TX Timothy Howard, Southwest Res. Inst., Boulder, CO Dusan Odstrcil, NASA, GSFC, MD Hermann Opgenoorth, Swedish Inst. Space Phys., Uppsala David Andrews, Swedish Inst. Space Phys., Uppsala Olivier Witasse, European Space Agency, Noordwijk Markus Fraenz, Max Planck Inst., Katlenburg-Lindau

The Influence of Corotating Interaction Regions On Electrons in the Martian Magnetosheath and Ionosphere

Using orbital information in combination with electron temperatures, densities, and fluxes summed over different energy ranges from the Analyzer of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) electron instrument (ELS) on the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft, we examine how the Martian magnetosheath, ionosphere, and the solar wind near Mars vary over long time scales. We examine many months of these measurements for long periodicities related to Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) associated with high speed streams from coronal holes during solar minimum. Then, we compare these measurements and the observed periodicities to those found in solar wind observations collected near the Earth with the Advanced Composition Experiment (ACE) and Wind spacecraft. Our goal is to develop techniques for identifying the response to CIRs at Mars using the solar minimum measurements, in order to be able to identify the response to the interaction regions during the 2012 MercuryEarth-Mars alignment. The interaction region identification is anticipated to be more difficult during this alignment given that it occurs during the rising phase of the solar cycle when coronal holes can be smaller and shorter lived while the responses from flares and CMEs are expected to increase. During the alignment period, it will be easier to directly compare interaction region identifications at Mars to those observed near Earth due to their alignment orientation.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Fayock, Brian
Analysis of Lyman Alpha Scatter in the Heliosphere
Brian Fayock, CSPAR UAH
Various NASA spacecraft have been measuring ultraviolet radiation in the heliosphere at different times. Much of this data corresponds to back-scattered Lyman-alpha radiation from neutral hydrogen, particularly in the context of planetary atmospheric measurements and inferred solar activity. Less attention has been devoted to using this data in the context of large-scale heliospheric simulations with complex global models. A 3D Monte Carlo simulation has been developed for analysis of Lymanalpha scattering in current global kinetic models developed within CSPAR. The simulation tracks individual photons in a suncentered spherical coordinate system with a radial limit of 1000 AU while retaining statistics for each cell within the grid space, which is defined by the global input data. Two of the statistics collected are the number of scatters within a cell and the number photons that travel through a cell, providing relative quantities of emission rate and photon flux, respectively. The photon flux can be compared to the integrated UV data obtained by Voyager spacecraft. The emission rate, with the help of statistics describing the distributions of the scattering, can be compared to specific look directions of UV data obtained by Voyager and Pioneer missions and potentially the SOHO SWAN instrument. Preliminary results reveal a similar trend for all radial paths but begin to diverge near 130 AU or so. This divergence is likely results from varying density along the heliopause.

Forman, Miriam
Robert T Wicks, GSFC, USA Timothy S Horbury, Imperial College, UK Sean Oughton, University of Waikato, NZ

Anisotropy of the solar wind magnetic power spectral tensor

The solar wind magnetic power spectral tensor is determined by wavelet methods from Ulysses MAG data at high latitude at solar minimum. The tensor elements are expressed in the frame of the local mean magnetic field, with z-direction along the local mean field B, and x perpendicular to both B and the solar wind velocity V. We will show how the three real (Pxx(k), Pyy(k), Pzz(k)) elements of the total measured power scale with the reduced radial wavenumber k = 2*Pi*f/V (f is the spacecraft frequency and V the solar wind speed), and with the direction of the local mean field. We discuss how such single-spacecraft measurements of each element of the total power relate to the amplitudes in vector k-space of Toroidal and Poloidal (sometimes called Alfvenic and pseudo-Alfvenic) fluctuations, and compare the anisotropic scaling of these three real elements of the power spectral tensor with critical balance model predictions in the inertial range.

Frahm, Rudy
The Coronal Mass Ejection interaction with the Induced Magnetosphere of Mars due to the 27 January 2012 Solar Storm
R. A. Frahm, J. R. Sharber, J. D. Winningham, H. A. Elliott, Southwest Research Institute T. A. Howard, C. E. DeForest, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder D. Odstrcil, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center E. Kallio, Finish Metorological Institute S. McKenna-Lawler, Space Technology Ireland, National University of Ireland S. Barabash, Swedish Institute of Space Physics

On January 27, 2012, an X-class flare was launched from the Sun at 18:15 UT. The X-class flare generated a high-energy particle stream flowing along the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) which arrived at Mars in about 39 minutes, with the resulting Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) arriving at Mars several days later. The Electron Spectrometer (ELS), part of the Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) experiment on the European Mars Express (MEx) Spacecraft, is used to show that the effect of the CME plasma caused an increase in the intensity of the energy flux within the Martian magnetosheath. Models of this event predicted the speed of the CME, which is used to identify which increase of the magnetosheath signature is due to the CME relating to this flare as several increases in Martian magnetosheath plasma are observed during the flare period. The Mars reaction, being an induced magnetosphere, responds to changes in solar wind conditions by continually self adjusting its magnetosheath to stand off the solar wind. Since the ion component of the solar wind interaction carries momentum away from the Sun, it is the electrons which must self adjust in order to maintain charge neutrality within the plasma and the proper induced current flow in order to stand-off changes in the solar wind.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Frahm, Rudy
Solar Energetic Particle Arrival at Mars due to the 27 January 2012 Solar Storm
R. A. Frahm, J. R. Sharber, J. D. Winningham, H. A. Elliott, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio T. A. Howard, C. E. DeForest, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder D. Odstrcil, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center E. Kallio, Finish Metorological Institute S. McKenna-Lawler, Space Technology Ireland, National University of Ireland S. Barabash, Swedish Institute of Space Physics
On January 27, 2012, an X-class flare was launched from the Sun at 18:15 UT. The X-class flare generated a high-energy particle stream of Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) flowing along the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) which arrived at Mars in about 39 minutes, with the resulting Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) arriving at Mars several days later. The Electron Spectrometer (ELS), part of the Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) experiment on the European Mars Express (MEx) Spacecraft, detected background levels from penetrating radiation which abruptly increased from a baseline level, allowing the arrival time to be determined. Peak levels of ELS penetrating radiation background count rate were observed to increase by two orders of magnitude over the baseline level within several hours after first arrival, followed by an exponential decay in the background value at ELS over the next few days.

Galvin, Antoinette
Analysis of Suprathermal Proton Events Observed by STEREO/PLASTIC Focusing on the Solar WindMagnetospheric Interaction

Joshua Barry, UNH Antoinette Galvin, UNH Mark Popecki, UNH Berndt Klecker, UNH Harald Kucharek, UNH Kristin Simunac, UNH Charles Farrugia, UNH Janet Luhmann, UCB Lan Jian, NASA/GSFC

The topic of suprathermal and energetic ion events upstream of the Earths bow shock has been investigated since the late 1960s. Over the past 50 years these events have been characterized as having energies ranging from just above the solar wind energies on up to 2MeV, time spans of minutes to hours, and particle distributions ranging from field aligned to isotropic. The seed particles of these events accelerated within the magnetosphere and/or at the Earths bow shock have been shown to be of ions originating in the magnetosphere, solar wind, as well as ions energized in other heliospheric processes (such as Solar Energetic Particle (SEP), Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs), Pick-up ions, etc.). In this study we utilize the particularly quiet solar minimum of 2007 to 2010 and the unique orbits of the STEREO spacecraft, STEREO-A(B) drifting ahead of (behind) the Earth in its heliocentric orbit at ~22/year, to examine bow shock/magnetospheric energetic proton events in the region far upstream of the Earths ion foreshock. To do this, we first employ an automated procedure to identify suprathermal proton events in the energy range of 4keV up to 80keV with the ion composition instrument, STEREO/PLASTIC. These events are further classified as being associated with Stream Interaction Regions (SIR), Interplanetary Shocks, Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICME), SEPs, or the Bow Shock/Magnetosphere. The Compton-Getting transformed energy spectra, ecliptic directionality (isotropic or field aligned), and magnetic connection to the Earth of 42 (90) possible STA (STB) Bow Shock/Magnetospheric events are investigated as a function of solar wind conditions and STEREO-Earth separation.

Galvin, Antoinette
Antoinette B. Galvin, UNH Kristin Simunac, UNH Mark Popecki, UNH Charles Farrugia, UNH

Solar Wind Ion Observations: Comparison from Solar Minimum to the Rising Cycle

This latest solar minimum has been termed "peculiar" compared to earlier minima for which solar wind is available, and the prediction for this coming solar maximum is that it may be the smallest sun spot cycle in decades. We discuss observations by STEREO PLASTIC of solar wind ions kinetic and compositional parameters as observed during the recent solar minimum and the current rise in solar cycle, and compare these with solar observations. We also compare against the solar wind results with those from earlier cycles.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Gamayunov, Konstantin
Self-Consistent Model of the Interstellar Pickup Protons, Alfvenic Turbulence, and Core Solar Wind in the Outer Heliosph

Konstantin Gamayunov, FIT Ming Zhang, FIT Nikolai Pogorelov, UAH Jacob Heerikhuisen, UAH

A self-consistent model of the interstellar pickup protons, Alfvenic turbulence, and core solar wind (SW) protons is presented along with the initial results and comparison with the Voyager 2 observations. The model is based on a set of three coupled equations. The pickup proton kinetic equation includes a spatial transport with the SW velocity, adiabatic cooling/heating, diffusion in the velocity phase space, and a source of the pickup protons due to the charge-exchange between the interstellar H and the core SW protons. The wave kinetic equation includes the wave transport with SW, the resonant wave damping by the core SW protons, the wave energy source due to isotropization of the newly born interstellar pickup protons, the driving effect of the SW flow shear and/or compression, and the wave energy cascading in the wave number space due to the nonlinear wavewave interaction. Finally, the core SW temperature equation, which includes an adiabatic cooling/heating along with the energy source due to the Alfven wave dissipation, is used.

Gary, S.
S. Peter Gary, Space Science Institute Kaijun Liu, Los Alamos National Laboratory Eberhard Moebius, University of New Hampshire Dan Winske, Los Alamos National Laboratory

Pickup proton instabilities and scattering in the distant solar wind and the outer heliosheath: Hybrid simulations

The growth of magnetic field fluctuations driven by the injection of pickup ions perpendicular to a background magnetic field in a homogeneous, collisionless plasma is studied using one-dimensional hybrid simulations. Freshly ionized protons are continuously injected into the simulations at constant rates and relative speeds consistent with conditions in the distant solar wind and the local interstellar medium. The pickup protons initially form a ring velocity distribution unstable to the electromagnetic proton cyclotron instability and lead to enhanced magnetic field fluctuations. These fluctuations pitch-angle scatter the pickup protons toward an isotropic shell velocity distribution; and the scattering rate increases with the pickup ion injection rate. More importantly, significant pitch-angle scattering only happens after the accumulated pickup ion density exceeds a critical density, which also increases with the injection rate. A scaling relation between this scattering-onset density and the pickup injection rate is derived from the simulation results. This scaling relation suggests that significant scattering of pickup ions in the outer heliosheath may happen in a relatively limited range close to the heliopause. These simulations address the issue of whether the "secondary ENA" mechanism is a possible explanation for the ENA ribbon observed by IBEX.

Gershman, Daniel
Mapping the distribution of interstellar neutral helium at solar distances of 0.3 and 1 AU from pickup ion measurements

Daniel J. Gershman, George Gloeckler, Jason A. Gilbert, Jim M. Raines, Lennard A. Fisk, Sean C. Solomon (Carnegie Institution for Science), Edward C. Stone (Caltech), Thomas H. Zurbuchen
The Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS) on MESSENGER has made the first in situ measurement of helium pickup ions at values of heliocentric distance (R) from 0.3 to 0.7AU. From several transits of MESSENGER through the gravitational focusing cone for interstellar helium in the inner heliosphere, we have mapped the cone structure in the ecliptic at R = 0.3 AU and compared it with observations of He+ near 1 AU made with the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) on the Advanced Composition Explorer. We find good agreement between the recovered cone structures from spacecraft observations and a simple neutral model that includes the effects of electron impact ionization close to the Sun and an assumption of nearsteady-state conditions during solar minimum. The cone center direction is calculated to be 76 and 78.5 degrees ecliptic longitude from FIPS and SWICS observations, respectively, with uncertainties of plus or minus 1.5 degrees, a result that constrains longitudinal ion transport or diffusion inward of Earth's orbit to be less than 3 degrees per AU. In addition, we present the first distribution functions of helium pickup ions in the inner heliosphere, and examine the sunward-antisunward anisotropy expected during times of extended radial interplanetary magnetic field.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Ghosh, Sanjoy
Sanjoy Ghosh, JHU APL Melvyn L Goldstein, NASA GSFC

Density-Magnetic Correlations From Hall-FLR MHD Simulations: Linear and Nonlinear Behavior

Using a compressible 2.5-D MHD simulation code with Hall and Finite Larmor Radius (FLR) corrections, we investigate Fourierspace (k-space) density and magnetic-field correlations ranging from the inertial range to scales adjacent the ion-cyclotron resonance. Our system is closed assuming a polytropic equation of state and the FLR correction assumes isotropic pressure as a first approximation. We consider a variety of initial conditions ranging from isotropic turbulence to field-aligned Alfven modes with velocity shears. We supplement the density-magnetic correlations with related correlations of velocity and magnetic field (cross helicity) and density with longitudinal velocity (compressibility). Evaluating these correlations against the strength of linear-to-nonlinear accelerations as directly measurable from our simulations, a interesting picture emerges for inertial-range turbulence: The spectral regime within 45 degrees of the mean magnetic field displays a linear response with correlations reminiscent of linear Alfven waves. The spectral regime at angles larger than 45 degrees to the mean magnetic field display a nonlinear response with correlations reminiscent of nearly incompressible turbulence. At scales adjacent the ion-cyclotron resonance, nonlinear accelerations dominate and correlations based on linear theory are disrupted.

Gieseler, Jan
J. Gieseler, IEAP, Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel M. Boezio, INFN, Structure of Trieste and University of Trieste M. Casolino, INFN, Structure of Rome and University of Rome "Tor Vergata" N. De Simone, INFN, Structure of Rome and University of Rome "Tor Vergata" V. Di Felice, INFN, Structure of Rome and University of Rome "Tor Vergata" B. Heber, IEAP, Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel

Temporal and spatial variation of galactic cosmic rays measured by Ulysses/KET in the inner heliosphere

The spacecraft Ulysses was launched in October 1990 in the maximum phase of solar cycle 22, reached its final, highly inclined (80.2) Keplerian orbit around the Sun in February 1992, and was finally switched off in June 2009. The Kiel Electron Telescope (KET) aboard Ulysses measures electrons from 3 MeV to a few GeV and protons and helium in the energy range from 6 MeV/nucleon to above 2 GeV/nucleon. Because the Ulysses measurements reflect not only the spatial but also the temporal variation of the energetic particle intensities, it is essential to know the intensity variations for a stationary observer in the heliosphere. This was accomplished in the past with the Interplanetary Monitoring Platform-J (IMP-8) until it was lost in 2006. Fortunately, the satellite-borne experiment PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) was launched in June 2006 and can be used as a reliable 1 AU baseline for measurements of the KET aboard Ulysses. Furthermore, we show that measurements of higher nuclei by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), launched 1997 and still operating, can be used to better understand the KET measurements. With these tools at hand, we have the opportunity to investigate the temporal and spatial variation of protons and helium for the whole Ulysses mission.

Golden, Daniel
Daniel Golden, Stanford University Maria Spasojevic, Stanford University Wen Li, UCLA Toshi Nishimura, UCLA

Modeling magnetospheric chorus and hiss as a function of solar wind and geomagnetic indices.

Plasmaspheric hiss and magnetospheric chorus are two extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ELF/VLF, 300 Hz--30 kHz) electromagnetic emission that are often observed within the Earth's magnetosphere. These emissions play major roles in both the acceleration and loss of electrons in the Earth's radiation belts. As such, radiation belt models require accurate estimates of hiss amplitudes in order to plausibly model the dynamics of the radiation belts. We present a straightforward empirical model which uses solar wind measurements (e.g., dynamic pressure and IMF) and geomagnetic indices (e.g., AE and Dst) as model inputs to predict observed emission amplitudes on the three inner magnetospheric THEMIS probes as a function of L and MLT. Modeling is performed via multiple regression. The temporal variation of these emissions in response to a moderate geomagnetic storm is presented.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Goldstein, Melvyn
S. Perri, Universit della Calabria M. L. Goldstein and J. C. Dorelli, NASA/GSFC F. Sahraoui, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique

Detection of small-scale structures in the dissipation regime of solar wind turbulence

Turbulence is a scale-dependent process which generates fluctuations that cascade towards small scales until dissipation occurs. Recent observations of the solar wind demonstrate the existence of a cascade of magnetic energy from the scale of the proton Larmor radius, where kinetic properties of ions invalidate fluid approximations, down to the electron Larmor radius, where electrons become demagnetized. The cascade was interpreted as strong turbulence consisting of oblique kinetic Alfvnic fluctuations, and the turbulence dissipates via proton and electron Landau damping. On the other hand, studies of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence indicate that the nonlinear cascade evolves to form vortical structures that interact at thin current sheets where dissipation occurs via magnetic reconnection. We report, for the first time, evidence for the existence in the solar wind of very thin current sheets and discontinuities at the proton Larmor scale, and smaller. The extent of one current sheet is between 20-200 km. The structures appear to be a manifestation of intermittency and may locate sites turbulent dissipation. This analysis supports the interpretation that the cascade ends in the production of thin current sheets. Because these intervals have been previously analyzed using spectral techniques, we suggest that this dissipation picture may coexist in turbulent plasmas with dissipation driven by kinetic processes. Quantifying their relative importance requires further study.

Golla, Thejappa
G. Thejappa, University of Maryland R. J. MacDowall, NASA/GSFC M. Bergamo, University of Maryland

Detection of Collapsing Langmuir Wave Packets in Solar Type III Radio Bursts

We present the observational evidence for the spatial collapse of Langmuir waves in the source regions of solar type III radio bursts. The wave packets of Langmuir waves, captured by the Time Domain Sampler (TDS) of the STEREO/WAVES experiment are found to be very intense and of very short duration. We show that the spatial scales and peak intensities of these wave packets satisfy the criterion of not only of the collapsing Langmuir solitons formed as a result of oscillating two stream instability, but also that of collapsing wave packets formed as a result of nucleation instability. This suggests that the strong turbulence processes, such as the oscillating two stream instability and Langmuir collapse play important roles in the stabilization of electron beams as well as generation of fundamental and harmonic radio emissions of solar type III radio bursts.

Guo, Fan
Fan Guo, University of Arizona Joe Giacalone, University of Arizona

The Velocity Dispersion of Solar Energetic Particles in the Solar Wind Magnetic Turbulence

The propagation of solar energetic particles in the solar wind has been under active discussions for many decades. In this study test-particle numerical simulations are used to study the propagation of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the solar wind magnetic turbulence. We consider two widely used magnetic turbulence models: 1. Quasi-static turbulence model (e.g., Giacalone et al. 2006), and 2. Two component model (e.g. Matthaeus et al. 1990). The generated fluctuating magnetic field has a Kolmogorov-like power spectrum with wavelengths from just larger than the coherence scale, leading to large-scale field-line random walk, down through very small scales that lead to resonant pitch-angle scattering of the particles. We relate our numerical simulations to spacecraft observations and show that a number of features of SEP events can be reproduced in these simulations. Similar to the observation technique used to determine the release time of energetic particle in solar atmosphere, we perform linear fits to onset time of energetic particles versus inverse particle velocity (1/v) and determine the apparent time of release by finding the intercept at 1/v = 0. For both magnetic turbulence models, we find under typical solar wind parameters (dB^2/B_0^2) < 0.3, the difference between apparent time of release and actual time of release is within several minutes, which gives an error estimate to the observational technique for energetic particle release.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Hassler, Donald
Donald M. Hassler, SwRI Cary Zeitlin, SwRI Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, CAU Arik Posner, NASA HQ & the RAD Team

Cruise Observations from MSL/RAD During the Solar Particle Events of Early 2012

The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) is a compact, lightweight energetic particle analyzer that was launched November 26, 2011 on the Mars Science Laboratory. RAD detects and analyzes energetic particle species (p, n, He, 2<Z<26) both on the Martian surface and during cruise on its way to Mars. RAD began commissioning on December 6, 2011 and has been operating nominally for >4 months. We will present selected early results obtained by RAD during cruise, including observations from the Solar Particle Events seen in late January and early March, 2012. Observations of these events are significant and timely in the context of the alignment of the inner planets along the Parker spiral out from the Sun, enabling multi-point observations of the same events from many different instruments and spacecraft.

He, Jiansen
Jiansen He, Peking University Chuanyi Tu, Peking University Eckart Marsch, Christian Albrechts University at Kiel Xin Wang, Peking University Shuo Yao, China University of Geoscience (Beijing)

Isotropic turbulence for a stream of solar wind dominated with outward propagating Alfven waves

Wave-vector anisotropy of solar wind turbulence has become a focus of attention since the power spectral index is found to increase from -2 to -1.5 with theta_VB (angles between solar wind velocity and local mean magnetic field) increase from 0 to 90 degrees [Horbury et al., 2008; Podesta, 2009; Wicks et al., 2010]. However, whether or not this is a general property for solar wind turbulence has yet to be concluded. Here, we study a case of solar wind (on Jan 31, 1995) apparently dominated with outward propagating Alfvenic fluctuations based on WIND measurements. To our surprise, there is no anisotropic feature for this case of solar wind turbulence. All the parameters we have concerned (trace powers of magnetic field, velocity, Elsasser variables; cross helicity and Alfven ratio) tend to show isotropic distribution as a function of theta_VB. The slopes for magnetic power and velocity power vary in the ranges of [-1.75, -1.55] and [-1.6, -1.5], respectively. The cross helicity profiles at all angles show similar trend decreasing from 1.0 at 0.001 Hz to 0.5 at 0.1 Hz, indicating a transition of turbulence from imbalance towards balance. The Alfven ratio profiles at all angles increase to be larger than 1.0 when frequency is beyond 0.05Hz, indicating more energy is allocated to kinetic energy at smaller scales. To investigate the reason of Alfven ratio increase, we study the crosscoherence between two Elsasser variables (Z+ and Z-). We find that, the phase difference between Z+ and Z- are generally 180 degrees (anti-correlated) at larger scales, and become less than 180 degrees at smaller scales. This coherence difference at different scales is considered to be mathematically responsible for the increase of Alfven ratio at smaller scales.

He, Jiansen
Jiansen He, Peking University Liping Yang, Peking University Hardi Peter, MPS Chuanyi Tu, Peking University Wenlei Chen, Peking University Lei Zhang, Peking University Eckart Marsch, Christian Albrechts University at Kiel Hui Tian, HAO Xueshang Feng, CSSAR

Generation of slow mode wave associated with reconnection outflow in the solar wind source region

The nature of propagating disturbance in intensity (PDI) at the solar wind source region has become a hot controversy with two different arguments: slow mode wave [e.g., Wang et al., 2009] or intermittent outflow [e.g., De Pontieu et al., 2010]. Due to the limitation of remote observation at present, observational diagnostics does not favor undoubtedly either argument. Here, alternatively, we attempt to study the PDI from the perspective of numerical simulation. In our simulation, reconnection between open funnel and closed loop is driven by the supergranular advection [Yang et al., 2012], which moves the closed loop in the inter-network towards the open funnel rooted at the network. As the closed loop is continuously pushed towards the open field region, magnetic reconnection continues and gradually releases about half mass of the closed loop into the open funnel. In association with the reconnection-driven outflow, we also find a series of propagating disturbances in density, temperature, and velocity. Moreover, the propagation speed is found to be greater than the flow velocity and approximate to the sound speed. This indicates the propagating feature seems to be slow mode wave rather than intermittent flow. Accordingly, the upward propagation of emission intensity disturbance also appears, when we use response function of AIA/SDO channels to simulate the evolution of radiation intensity. The longitudinal compression to excite the slow mode wave seems to be transformed from the transverse compression of the reconnection jet flow when bump against the slow-down materials ahead. The period of the slow mode waves in our case is about 20s, a short period as compared with current observations. The possible reason for the periodicity is still under investigation.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Ho, George
George C. Ho, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Glenn M. Mason, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
We investigated 3He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events in the current solar cycle starting in 2009 through the current date. Both 3He-rich and CME-related events are included. Simultaneous measurements from the ULEIS instrument on ACE, and SIT instruments on Stereo spacecraft are used to determine the spatial properties and origin of 3He-rich events. During the last solar cycle, we found an unexpected upper limit of the 3He fluence, while none is observed for 4He. One of the interpretations is that only limited number of energetic 3He ions can be released from the Sun in a SEP event since the 3He originates in compact regions. Thus, the upper limit on the 3He fluence that we observed may be giving us information on the maximum size of the 3He acceleration region. In this paper, we will review the 3He observations so far in this solar cycle and reexamine the limit of 3He fluence.

3He Enhanced Solar Energetic Particle Events in Cycle 24

Horaites, Konstantinos
Kosta Horaites, Space Sciences Lab Stuart Bale, Space Sciences Lab Chadi Salem, Space Sciences Lab Marc Pulupa, Space Sciences Lab

Global Variation of the Solar Wind: Helios Observations

The Helios mission provides the best in situ measurements of the solar wind near the Sun to date. We investigate the largescale variation of solar wind particle distributions using Helios I satellite data. We have processed our data set, which spans seven years and ranges between .3 and 1 AU, in order to provide an accurate characterization of the ambient solar wind as seen in the solar ecliptic. We make a particular effort to model the electron velocity distribution function (eVDF) in terms of its core, halo, and strahl components. We also correct for the effects of spacecraft charging. Using this newly derived data set, we discuss average properties of the solar wind with an eye on how these properties vary with distance. The observed radial variation of solar wind parameters is an important input for solar wind models. The Helios data is also invaluable for anticipating the conditions to be seen by the upcoming missions Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus.

Hurley, Dana
Dana Hurley, JHUAPL Rosemary Killen, NASA GSFC William Farrell, NASA GSFC

Effects of an ICME on the lunar exosphere

The lunar exosphere is produced in part by the sputtering of atoms off of the Moons surface by solar wind ions. We present simulations of He, Na, K, Mg, and Ca in the lunar exosphere under nominal conditions. Next, we examine the resulting exospheric enhancement that occurs during the passage of an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection (ICME). Enhanced sputtering under ICME conditions can increase the mass of the lunar exosphere 10-50 times the nominal value. The increase occurs rapidly within the onset of the ICME. Similarly, after the storm passes the Moon, the return to nominal exospheric density is also rapid. Because sputtered particles are energetic, many escape the Moon. Thus ICMEs induce a mass loss from the Moon. However, the implantation of solar wind into the lunar regolith is also enhanced during an ICME, resulting in mass addition to the Moon. This partially mitigates the mass loss caused by ICME sputtering. We present model estimates of the net lunar mass loss induced by ICMEs.

Hutchinson, Ian
Electron instability mechanisms in the solar-wind moon-wake
I H Hutchinson
Mechanisms of electrostatic electron instability in the wake of the solar wind caused by the moon are evaluated theoretically[1], relevant to recent ARTEMIS observations. The moon's wake is much larger than the Debye length and the ion Larmor radius; so it is quasi-neutral and the predominant dynamics is parallel to the field. The wake contains a depleted density region, into which the plasma expands along the magnetic field, transverse to the flow. The expansion parallel-ion-dynamics can be solved directly and gives a characteristic potential profile that can be considered to be universal. The electrons are repelled by the depleted wake, but their distribution function can become unstable in the wake's vicinity if its unperturbed form is asymmetric (but stable) in the rest-frame of the ions; (a simple velocity shift, however, would give too large a current to be important). In addition, even for symmetric (e.g. Maxwellian) external electron distributions, it is shown here that a bump-on-tail which is unstable appears in the vicinity of a wake on the electron parallel velocity distribution function. It is caused by the convective non-conservation of parallel energy (drift-energization), regardless of any non-thermal features on the external electron velocity distribution. The detailed electron distribution function throughout the wake is calculated by integration along orbits in the relevant regime where the wake is substantially longer than the moon radius. A universal solution is obtained for the substantial energy level of resulting quasilinear electron plasma (Langmuir) turbulence. It peaks near the wake axis. If the mass of the electrons is artificially enhanced, for example in order to make numerical simulation feasible, then much more unstable electron distributions arise; but these are caused by the unphysical mass ratio. [1] I.H.Hutchinson, Journal of Geophysical Research 117, A03101 (2012)

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Iju, Tomoya
Tomoya Iju, Nagoya University Munetoshi Tokumaru, Nagoya University Ken' ichi Fujiki, Nagoya University

Kinematics of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections in the Inner Heliosphere

We report kinematic properties of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) detected by SOHO/LASCO coronagraph, interplanetary scintillation (IPS), and in-situ observations during 1997-2011. Here, we define that Vi and Vs are the initial speed of associated CME, and speed of background solar wind, respectively. Using the values of these, we classify the ICMEs into three types of ICMEs, i.e., fast (Vi-Vs > 500 km/s), moderate (0 km/s Vi-Vs 500 km/s), and slow (Vi-Vs < 0 km/s). In current study, we analyze the 19 fast, 28 moderate, and 5 slow ICMEs. Our analyses for them yield the following results: 1) Fast ICMEs rapidly decelerate, moderate ICMEs show either gradually decelerating or uniform motion, and slow ICMEs accelerate. The radial speeds converge on the speed of background solar wind during their outward propagation, and we subsequently find; 2) both the acceleration and deceleration are nearly complete by 0.8 AU with 489 km/s of the critical speed for zero acceleration. 3) For the above ICMEs, a linear equation a = k1(V-Vs) is more suited than a quadratic a = k2(V-Vs)|V-Vs| to describes their motion, where a is the acceleration, k1 and k2 are coefficients, and V is propagation speed of ICME. These results support the hypothesis that the radial motion of ICME is governed by a drag force due to interaction with the background solar wind. Moreover, these also suggest that the ICME is controlled mainly by the hydrodynamic Stokes drag force.

Isenberg, Philip
Philip A. Isenberg, University of New Hampshire Bernard J. Vasquez, University of New Hampshire

Kinetic Models of Fast Solar Wind Driven by Imbalanced Ion Cyclotron Dissipation

In previous work (e.g. Isenberg & Vasquez, ApJ, 731, 88, 2011), we have shown that resonant dissipation of a turbulently maintained power-law spectrum of ion cyclotron waves can produce a reasonable fast solar wind flow. Kinetic modeling of this ion heating in the expanding collisionless coronal hole must also take into account the effects of gravity, charge-separation electric field, mirror force, inertial force in the accelerating plasma, and ponderomotive Alfvn wave pressure. The combined action of all these processes leads to a characteristic evolution of the proton distribution function, some aspects of which may be independent of the mechanism for the perpendicular heating. Our previous model used resonant wave intensities that were balanced in that we took the power in outward-propagating waves and sunward-propagating waves to be equal. Here, we consider the imbalanced case where the outward-propagating intensities of resonant waves are larger than the sunward intensities, as would be expected from reflection models of turbulent evolution in the solar atmosphere. We present model proton distributions as functions of heliocentric radius for various ratios of sunward-to-outward intensities and study how this ratio affects the resulting solar wind speeds, temperatures, and detailed shapes of the proton distribution function.

Jetha, Nazirah
Nazirah Jetha, CSPAR UAHuntsville Gary Zank, CSPAR UAHuntsville Lauren Kahre, CSPAR UAHuntsville Alexander Dosch CSPAR UAHuntsville

Evolution of residual energy in the Solar Wind

Motivated by recent theoretical results which describe the transport of various turbulent quantities, including the difference in kinetic and magnetic turbulent energy, ED, that is the residual energy, we present a spatial and temporal study of the evolution of ED. We find, using ACE data at 1~AU, that the median ED varies on an approximate 10-year cycle, coinciding with Solar Cycle. While median ED is always negative, the variation shows that a significant fraction of ED is positive. Furthermore, using archival Voyager 2 data, we show a 10-year cyclic variation in ED out to 75 AU. However, this dataset shows that despite the cyclic variation, ED always remains negative; given that this is not seen at 1 AU (at similar times), we attribute this to radial and longitudinal evolution of ED. We postulate that the cyclic dependance of ED on Solar Cycle relates to the fact that the Solar magnetic field is significantly less-ordered at Solar maximum, resulting in more magnetic energy being released around the solar equator during these times.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Jian, Lan
Lan K. Jian, 1. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, 2. NASA GSFC; Christopher T. Russell, Univ. of California, Los Angeles; Janet G. Luhmann, Univ. of California, Berkeley; Xochitl Blanco-Cano, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; David Curtis, Univ. of California, Berkeley; Peter Schroeder, Univ. of California, Berkeley

Interplanetary Shocks Detected by STEREO and the Use of Burst Mode Trigger in Capturing Them

From 2007 to 2011, the twin Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) spacecraft have detected more than 200 interplanetary shocks in total. About 22% of them are driven by interplanetary CMEs, and 55% of them are associated with stream interactions. The remaining 41 shocks do not have clear drivers observed. About 57% of the shocks are quasiperpendicular with shock normal angles larger than 60 degrees. We report the statistics and solar-cycle variations of various shock parameters, and compare the shocks from different drivers. The burst mode magnetic field data are useful to study these shocks. In fact, since the launch of STEREO spacecraft, the IMPACT in-situ instrument suite has continued to modify its burst mode trigger in order to optimize its collection of high-cadence magnetic field, solar wind and suprathermal electron data. This report reviews the criteria used for the burst mode trigger and their evolution with time. Although overall 52% of shocks are captured by burst mode trigger, the capture rate increases remarkably with time, from 30% in 2007 to 70% in 2011. We examine the improvement of the burst mode trigger over the mission time and also investigate why some of the shocks are still missed by the trigger. Lessons learned from STEREO are potentially useful for future missions, because the telemetry bandwidth needed to capture the waveforms of high frequency but infrequent events would be unaffordable without effective burst triggering.

Jian, Lan
Lan K. Jian, 1. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, 2. NASA GSFC; Christopher T. Russell, Univ. of California, Los Angeles; Adolfo F. Vinas, NASA GSFC; Lynn B. III Wilson, NASA GSFC; Adam Szabo, NASA GSFC; Michael L. Stevens, MIT; Justin Kasper, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Observations of Ion Cyclotron Waves Using Wind: How Are They Related to Solar Wind Parameters?

Previously, we reported the observations of strong narrow-band ion cyclotron waves (ICWs) using the high-resolution magnetic field data from STEREO, MESSENGER, and Venus Express missions. Due to the low-resolution or lack of solar wind plasma data, we could not determine how these waves are correlated with solar wind parameters. Now, using the high-resolution magnetic field data (11 vectors/second) recently released by the Wind team, we have scrutinized the ICWs in January 2008, a period with no interplanetary CME and few interplanetary shocks. The Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) has provided various plasma data of about 97-second resolution for this period. We examine the correlation of the ICW occurrence and wave parameters with the solar wind parameters, including temperature anisotropies of protons and alpha particles, the velocity drift between protons and alpha particles. This investigation will help us understand how the ICWs are generated and how they affect the solar wind temperature distribution.

Kataoka, Ryuho
Anomalous 10Be spikes during the Maunder Minimum as a possible evidence for cross-sector transport in the heliosheath

Ryuho Kataoka, Tokyo Tech Hiroko Miyahara, University of Tokyo Friedhelm Steinhilber, Eawag

Anomalous spikes of cosmic-ray induced 10Be have been found during the Maunder Minimum (AD1645-1715) at the qA negative solar minima, which cannot be quantitatively explained by standard drift theories of cosmic ray transport alone. Such an extreme amplification of solar cycle modulation of cosmic rays is presumably related to the altered condition of heliospheric environment at the prolonged sunspot disappearance, providing a clue for comprehensive understandings of long-term changes in the heliospheric environment, solar cycle modulation of cosmic rays, and the maximal range of incident cosmic ray flux that would also be very important for our practical space activities. Model sophistication to achieve precise forecast of such extreme condition of the heliosphere and the incoming cosmic ray flux is also of urgent need as the Sun is currently showing a tendency to reduce its activities. Here we show that the cosmic ray spikes found at the solar minimum of the Maunder Minimum may be explained by the contribution from the cross-sector transport mechanism working in the distant heliosheath where cosmic ray particles effectively drift across stacked magnetic sectors due to the larger cyclotron radius than the distance between the sectors.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Kataoka, Ryuho
Ryuho Kataoka, Tokyo Tech Daikou Shiota, RIKEN

Development of automated MHD simulation of the inner heliosphere

We recently have developed a three dimensional global MHD simulation system of the inner heliosphere toward a real-time space weather forecast. The simulation is based on minimal input, daily synoptic map of photospheric magnetic field. As a first step, we calculate coronal magnetic field with potential field source surface model and obtain maps of open magnetic field and the expansion factor. Applying empirical models (so-called Wang-Sheeley-Arge model), we obtain the solar wind synoptic map. Using the solar wind maps interpolated in time as the inner boundary, we perform the global MHD simulation of the solar wind. Time series of basic MHD parameters are sampled at the Earth position to be used for other magnetosphere models. These programs are executed everyday automatically on a server in STEL, Nagoya university. We are developing additional modules to inject a series of coronal mass ejections with flux rope structures and to calculate the time variation of solar energetic particles associated with the CMEs.

Kahre, Lauren
Investigating Turbulence Transport in the Heliosphere
Lauren Kahre, Nazirah Jetha, G.P. Zank, University of Alabama in Huntsville
Motivated by the development of a very general theoretical model describing the transport of turbulence throughout the heliosphere, we present a study of the turbulent and bulk properties of the solar wind. Our investigation includes the investigation of the bulk plasma flow speed, the bulk plasma density, various measures of the magnetic field turbulence and the flow speed turbulence. We use archival Voyager, Pioneer, Helios, and Ulysses data sets to explore low frequency solar wind turbulence properties throughout the heliosphere. We present results that describe the radial scaling of different measures related to magnetic field turbulence and turbulent velocity fluctuations.

Ko, Yuan-Kuen
Yuan-Kuen Ko, Naval Research Laboratory John Raymond, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Cara Rakowski, Naval Research Laboratory Alexis Rouillard, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Plantologie

Heavy Ion Properties in ICMEs and Signatures of Magnetic Reconnection in Post-CME Current Sheet

A common feature in most solar flare-CME models is the formation of a post-CME current sheet (CS) between the outgoing fluxrope CME and the post-flare loops at the eruption site. The existence of the post-CME CS is also supported by coronal observations in both white light/EUV images and UV spectra. Magnetic reconnection inside the CS drives the CME outward and accelerate particles both toward and away from the Sun along the CS. Particles streaming downward cause the much-studied post-flare loops and X-ray/gamma-ray emission. Particles streaming upward are thought to be confined within the flux rope and carried into the heliosphere. Therefore ion properties inside flux-rope CMEs that can be measured in-situ should bear direct signatures of magnetic reconnection in the coronal environment, and provide valuable information for understanding the physical processes at work during the reconnection. In this work, we investigate in-situ heavy ion composition properties associated with these structures, and model these properties by an existing post-CME CS model.

Koval, Andriy
Andriy Koval, UMBC/NASA GSFC Adam Szabo, NASA GSFC

Magnetic field turbulence spectra observed by the Wind spacecraft

Using the new Wind MFI high-resolution dataset covering 1994 to 2012 we have analyzed the magnetic field turbulence spectra of >100 000 hourly solar wind intervals. The time resolution of the magnetic field data (normally 92 ms and occasionally 46 and 184 ms, obtained as onboard averages of the 22.7 ms measurements) allows the investigation of both inertial and dissipation ranges. For each hourly spectrum, we compute the inertial and dissipation range spectral indices and the spectral break frequency. The spectral indices in the solar wind are distributed as -1.67 +/- 0.22 in the inertial range and as -2.76 +/- 0.72 in the dissipation range, with a slight negative correlation between the indices. We find significant positive dependencies of the inertial range indices on the solar wind speed, proton temperature, and magnetic field magnitude, and high negative dependencies of the dissipation range indices on these parameters. We also investigate the spectrum anisotropy in directions parallel and perpendicular to the mean magnetic field.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Krasnosselskikh, Vladimir
A. Voshchepynets, LPC2E, France/Kiev University, Ukraine; V. Krasnoselskikh, LPC2E, France; O. Agapitov, Le Studium, France
It is recognized that generation of type III solar radiobursts is due to electron beam plasma interaction. Beam generated Langmuir waves modify the beam distribution that in the homogeneous plasma relaxes to plateau-type state locking the instability. The relaxation is described by quasilinear equations. It was noted that relaxation length is short, several hundreds kilometres, while electron beams are observed around the Earth. It was established that the level of density fluctuations in the solar wind is high, i.e. comparable or larger than the dispersion of primary generated waves. This requires re-formulation of the problem taking into account strong inhomogeneity of plasma. The description was proposed by Ryutov with co-authors. In this case the length of the beam relaxation can become much larger than in homogeneous plasma. Wavevectors of waves generated can vary in quite large range that gives rise to interaction of the wave with particles in large range of velocities. As a result the particle distribution can have significant positive slope though the wave growth is locked. Another important consequence of phase velocity variations consists in particle acceleration that accompanies the beam relaxation. We study these effects in the frame of quasilinear description in the inhomogeneous plasma when the waves are trapped into the density depletions. We show that significant part of the beam energy can come to energization forming the tail of the electron distribution.

Electron beam relaxation in a strongly inhomogeneous plasma.

Laitinen, Timo
Timo Laitinen, University of Central Lancashire, UK Silvia Dalla, University of Central Lancashire, UK James Kelly, University of Central Lancashire, UK Michael Marsh, University of Central Lancashire, UK

Energetic particle transport in turbulence with scale-dependent anisotropy

In recent years, several studies of energetic particle propagation in turbulent magnetic fields have used full-orbit particle simulations with fluctuations constructed by superposing Fourier modes on a constant background magnetic field. Solar wind observations, modelling and theoretical studies have established that the the plasma turbulence is anisotropic with respect to the mean field direction, and this has been taken into account in models which use slab/2D or anisotropic 3D descriptions. The scale-dependent nature of the anisotropy, with smaller scales being more anisotropic than larger ones, however, has not been incorporated in the models so far. In this work, we study particle propagation in a turbulent field with scale-dependent anisotropy constructed as 2D turbulence enveloped into 1D packets along the mean field direction. The packet length for each Fourier mode is obtained from the critical balance condition, k_\parallel proportional to k_\perp^{2/3}, which results in scale-dependent anisotropy. We calculate the energetic particle diffusion coefficients in this turbulence by using full-orbit simulations. We find that both the parallel and perpendicular diffusion coefficients are larger than in a slab/2D modelled turbulence with equal magnetic field energy density, with the difference depending on enveloping parametrisation and particle energy.

Laurenza, Monica
M. Laurenza, INAF, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology G. Consolini, INAF, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology M. Storini, INAF, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology A. Damiani, University of Santiago de Chile, Physics Department

A generalized extreme value distribution for the SEP event spectrum: a case study

The 4 April 2000 solar energetic particle (SEP) event has been selected to investigate its spectral shape by using a distribution typical of the Extreme Value Statistics (EVS). Data from ACE/EPAM and SOHO/ERNE have been used. A calibration procedure has been applied in order to obtain a reliable SEP spectrum for the energy range ~ 0.3-80 MeV. Results suggest that the EVS functional form can explain the observed spectrum, both integrated over the whole SEP event and over an interval around the shock arrival time. Implications for the solar particle acceleration are discussed. Work performed for BepiColombo Mission under contract n. I/022/10/0.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Lawrence, David
David J. Lawrence, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHUAPL) William C. Feldman, Planetary Science Institute Patrick N. Peplowski, JHUAPL Douglas J. Rodgers, JHUAPL
Evidence for solar flare neutrons were first detected during an M2 flare on 31 Dec. 2007 at about 0.5 AU [Feldman et al., 2010]. The interpretation of the solar-flare association of the detected neutrons was disputed based on the fact that the neutrons at MESSENGER occurred during a Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) event that engulfed MESSENGER [Share et al., 2011]. This criticism is problematic because comparison with cosmic-ray-generated background neutrons on the spacecraft showed that the putative solar neutrons were a factor of 5 times larger than what was estimated to be be generated by the SEP ions interacting with spacecraft material. Here we report the observation of a fast neutron (0.5 MeV < En < 8 MeV) event on 4 June 2011 where SEP particles were absent and coincident neutron-generated gamma-rays were observed. These combined observations strongly argue for a solar origin of the detected neutrons. Common properties of the detected fast neutron events are: 1) they occur far from any planetary body, 2) they are long-duration events (longer than about 0.5 hours), 3) neither are associated with a gamma-ray impulse at the initiation of neutron acceleration at the Sun, 4) they are associated with an X-ray impulse, an EUV impulse, and/or multiple type-3 electron events. These long duration neutron events are closely similar to the delayed EUV events seen in Fe XVI 335 line intensity, as reported by Wood et al. [Ap. J., 2011]]. A potential explanation of all these characteristics is that the neutrons are generated high in the corona by energetic ions accelerated by merging magnetic fields in a new class of long-duration solar flare events.

The 4 June 2011 Solar Neutron Event at MESSENGER

Le Chat, Gatan
Gatan Le Chat, LESIA ; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Karine Issautier, LESIA Nicole Meyer-Vernet, LESIA
The solar-wind energy flux measured near the ecliptic is known to be independent of the solar-wind speed. Using plasma data from Helios, Ulysses, and Wind covering a large range of latitudes and time, we show that the solar-wind energy flux is independent of the solar-wind speed and latitude within 10%, and that this quantity varies weakly over the solar cycle. In other words the energy flux appears as a global solar constant. We also show that the very high speed solar wind (V > 700km/s) has the same mean energy flux as the slower wind (V < 700km/s), but with a different histogram. We use this result to deduce a relation between the solar-wind speed and density, which formalizes the anti-correlation between these quantities.

The Solar Wind Energy Flux

Le Chat, Gatan
Gaetan Le Chat, Harvard-Smitsonian Center for Astrophysics Arnaud Zaslavsky, LESIA Nicole Meyer-Vernet, LESIA Karine Issautier, LESIA Soraya Belheouane, LESIA Milan Maksimovic, LESIA Filippo Pantellini, LESIA Yannis Zouganelis, LPP Justin Kasper, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Interplanetary nano dust detection by STEREO/WAVES LFR

Radio and plasma wave instruments in space can detect cosmic dust of nanometer size scale. These so-called nanodusts particles can be detected despite their small mass because: (i) their large charge-to-mass ratio enables them to be accelerated to high speeds, and (ii) the amplitude of the induced electric pulses increases much faster with speed than with mass. Therefore, the STEREO/WAVES instruments has measured interplanetary nanodust almost since its launch. We presente our analysis of the last five and a half years of STEREO/WAVES Low Frequency Receiver (LFR) data, and discuss the nanodust characteristics we measured.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Le Chat, Gatan
Gaetan Le Chat, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Justin Kasper, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Ofer Cohen, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Steven R. Spangler, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa

Diagnostics of the solar corona from comparaison between Faraday rotation measurements and MHD simulations.

Faraday rotation observations of natural radio sources allow remote diagnostics of the density and magnetic of the solar corona. We use linear polarization observations made with the NRAO Very Large Array at frequencies of 1465 and 1665 MHz of 13 polarized radio sources occulted by the solar corona within 5 to 14 solar radii. The measurements was made during May 1997, corresponding to Carrington rotation number 1922 and 1923. We compare the obtained Faraday rotation values with values extracted from an MHD steady-state simulations of the solar corona using the BATS-R-US model. The simulations are driven by magnetogram data taken at the same time as the observed FR data. We presente the agreement between the model and the Faraday rotation measurements, and we discuss the constraints Faraday rotation measurement raised.

Le, Guiming
An analysis of the solar wind parameters responsible for the main phase of the super geomagnetic storm on March 31, 2001
Guiming Le National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
The solar wind at the L1 point does not produce an instant geomagnetic effect, though it would do so when reaching the magnetosphere. This phenomenon is called a delayed geomagnetic effect of solar wind at the L1 point. In this paper, the solar wind parameters responsible for the main phase of the super geomagnetic storm occurred on March 31, 2001 is analyzed taking into account the delayed geomagnetic effect of solar wind at the L1 point and using the SYM-H index. The solar wind responsible for the main phase is split into two periods. The solar wind parameters in the two periods contributed differently to the main phase. A comparative study of solar wind parameters in the two periods shows the evidence that the solar wind density defines energy transfer to the magnetosphere. Analysis is also made to understand a range of key factors that may define the development of the storms main phase, including the time integral of the southward component of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) or the solar wind electric field, and a solar wind energy coupling function established by Akasofu (1981). Additionally, the paper discusses the assumption that a strong southward of IMF and high inclination to the ecliptic plane would contribute to the occurrence of a super geomagnetic storm, and assesses the rationality behind an empirical formula relating the Dst peak value to solar wind parameters established by Wang Y M et al.(2003). The paper is concluded with a summary of the key solar wind parameters that may define the development of a storms main phase.

Lee, Christina
Christina O. Lee (Air Force Research Lab), C. Nick Arge (Air Force Research Lab), Dusan Odstrcil (George Mason University), George Millward (Univ. of Colorado/CIRES), Vic Pizzo (NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center), Carl J. Henney (Air Force Research Lab)
In a previous study (Lee et al., Solar Phys., 2012), we investigated the sensitivity of the 3D MHD Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA)Enlil modeling results to the input cone geometry for an Earth-directed halo coronal mass ejection (CME) event that occurred on 15 February 2011. A modeling ensemble was created from multiple sets of input parameters obtained through the use of the cone fitting tool together with realistic ranges for the angular width and leading edge distance estimated from STEREO limb observations. Because the sensitivity of these ensemble modeling results may be event-dependent, in this follow-on study we assess the sensitivity of WSA-Enlil to the cone parameters for a set of three successive halo CMEs that occurred during 2-4 August 2011. These events were selected for this study in part because of the availability of STEREO near-limb observations, which help to constrain the initial CME geometries during the cone fitting process, but also because of the opportunity to explore the predictive capability of the WSA-Enlil-cone modeling system in simulating a complicated series of interacting halo CME events. We will compare the ensemble modeling results with ACE in-situ measurements and present an updated assessment of the WSA-Enlil model sensitivity to the input cone parameters. Moreover, from the 3D simulations we will put the ACE observations of the events into a more global context and will discuss the possible scenarios for the evolution and propagation of the three interplanetary CMEs and their interactions en route to 1 AU.

Ensemble modeling of successive halo CMEs observed during 2-4 August 2011

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Livadiotis, George
George Livadiotis, Southwest Research Institute David J. McComas, Southwest Research Institute

NEAR EQUILIBRIUM HELIOSPHERE FAR EQUILIBRIUM HELIOSHEATH: POSSIBLE MECHANISMS?

Space plasmas are systems in stationary states out of thermal equilibrium, and thus, their phase space distributions cannot be analyzed in the framework of classical Statistical Mechanics. Recent advances in theoretical space physics have shown that non-extensive Statistical Mechanics offers a solid statistical foundation of these distributions. The kappa index that governs these distributions is significant for its role in identifying the non-equilibrium stationary states, and measuring their thermodynamic distance from thermal equilibrium. While inner heliosphere plasmas reside in near equilibrium states with large kappa indices most likely >2.5, analysis of the IBEX ENA-spectra showed that inner heliosheath resides in far equilibrium states with small kappa indices <2.5. We present the possible mechanisms of this opposite thermodynamic behavior of inner heliosphere and heliosheath.

Lopez, Jershon
Jershon Lopez, University of Iowa Jack Scudder, University of Iowa Robert Holdaway, University of Iowa

Kurtosis as a Diagnostic of Local Particle Acceleration

Particle acceleration is thought to accompany sharp transitions in space such as shocks or reconnection layers. Acceleration is often reported when flux levels in high energy channels are enhanced; this argument is sometimes accompanied by a comparison of spectra across the layer. An alternate approach is to analyze the tail shape of the velocity distribution, f(v), using kurtosis. Kurtosis is a fourth moment quantity that reflects the over- and under-population of the tails relative to all the particles in f(v). There are a number of issues that require attention when seeking evidence of acceleration with this approach. First, kurtosis of the ambient medium away from the layer on either side may be different, guaranteeing a change in kurtosis. What sort of change in and near a transition constitutes evidence of particle acceleration? Second, how is kurtosis influenced by asymmetric properties of f(v) that are not included in the ordinary definition of kurtosis? Third, how is kurtosis affected by the various sheath potentials that accompany these transition layers? This poster will address these issues through analytic models and profiles of kurtosis across the earths bow shock and a recently discovered electron diffusion region.

Lopez-Portela, Cynthia
White-light observations of small transients in the corona during the minimum and the ascending phase of solar cycle 24

Cynthia Lopez-Portela, IGEOF/UNAM Xochitl Blanco-Cano, IGEOF/UNAM

In this work we study the release of small scale coronal structures known as blobs (Sheeley et al., 1997) during the long quiet minimum and the beginning of the ascending phase of the present solar cycle 24. We use white-light observational data from 4 coronographs: C2 & C3 from SOHO and COR2-A & COR2-B of STEREO mission; covering a total FOV (Field of View) from 1.5 Rs to 30 Rs. The scope of using these data is to determine the origin and the acceleration pattern of the slow solar wind indirectly from the white-light images of small structures observed throughout the FOV of the 4 coronographs. The acceleration is calculated by measuring the position and time of the blobs given by the evolution-time maps (J-maps) for each instrument. From these data we generate the profile of the velocity and acceleration of the events detected by the different instruments. According to the idea of Wang et al., 1998, that blobs are liberated from the cusp of helmet steamers and because we study an interval during solar minimum and ascending phase, we consider observations taken close to the Sun's equator. We use potential field model to investigate the magnetic configuration of the sites in the corona where blobs can be released.

Lui, Anthony
Grad-Shafranov Reconstruction of Solar Wind Features That Caused a Super Geomagnetic Storm
Walter Gonzalez, INPE
We use Grad-Shafranov reconstruction (GSR) to gain a larger spatial perspective of the solar wind observed by the ACE satellite on March 31, 2001 that caused a superstorm on Earth with the minimum Dst of 387 nT. Using the 5-min averaged ACE data for the GSR, we obtain two-dimensional maps in pressure and magnetic field of the sheath region and a magnetic cloud behind it. Both the sheath and the magnetic cloud play a role in building the storm strength. Several properties of the magnetic cloud have been inferred, including an estimated total magnetic flux content of ~6.5x10^12 Wb. This flux content is more than six orders of magnitude larger than those observed in flux transfer events in the magnetospheric environment.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Malaspina, David
David M. Malaspina, LASP, University of Colorado Iver H. Cairns, University of Sydney Robert E. Ergun, LASP, University of Colorado

Variation of Langmuir wave polarization with electron beam speed in type III radio bursts

We present observations by the twin STEREO spacecraft of in-situ electric field waveforms and radio signatures associated with type III radio bursts which demonstrate that the polarization of electron beam-driven waves near the local plasma frequency depends strongly on the speed of the driving electron beam. Faster beam electrons are associated with strong wave electric fields perpendicular to the local magnetic field while slower beam electrons are associated with wave electric fields nearly parallel to the local magnetic field. This trend is consistent over many type III radio bursts observed over several years on both spacecraft. It is found that the wave polarization dependence on electron beam speed is consistent with Langmuir/z-mode waves shifted to small wave number by interaction with solar wind density fluctuations. Further, it is suggested that the wave polarization to beam speed relation may be used to estimate electron beam speeds in situations where source variability and instrument integration time make electron beam measurement by particle detectors difficult or infeasible.

Maneva, Yana
The effect of Alfven-cyclotron wave-spectra on the preferential heating and differential acceleration of He++ ions in SW

Y. Maneva, CUA/NASA GSFC L. Ofman, CUA/NASA GSFC A. Vinas, NASA GSFC

In anticipation of results from inner heliospheric missions such as the Solar Orbiter and the Solar Probe we study the effects of the magnetic fluctuations on He++ heating and acceleration using 1.5D and 2.5D hybrid simulations. We consider the effects of nonlinear Alfven-cyclotron waves at different frequency regimes. Monochromatic nonlinear Alfven-alpha-cyclotron wave are known to preferentially heat and accelerate He++ ions in a collisionless low beta plasma. In this study we demonstrate that these effects are preserved when higher-frequency monochromatic waves and Alfven-proton-cyclotron wave-spectra are considered. Comparison between several nonlinear monochromatic waves shows that the ion temperatures, anisotropies and relative drift are not affected by a shift in frequency. Including a wave-spectrum results in a significant reduction of both the parallel and the perpendicular temperature components for the He++ ions, whereas the parallel heating for the protons is slightly enhanced. The differential streaming (strongly affected by the available power in the resonant ion-acoustic waves) is significantly reduced in the case of initial wave-spectra. The solar wind expansion acts to reduce the relative drift in the monochromatic case, but it leads to an increase in the differential streaming when initial wave-spectrum is considered. In both cases the expansion leads to a perpendicular cooling for both protons and the alpha particles.

Matthaeus, William
M. Wan, University of Delaware W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware S. Servidio, University of Calabria S. Oughton, University of Waikato P. Dmitruk, University of Buenos Aires

Generation of X-points in high Reynolds number MHD turbulence: issues of accuracy and implications for cascade

It has been long recognized that reconnection, mediated by dynamical activity near magnetic X-type neutral points in two dimensions (2D), must play an important role in an MHD cascade [1]. Accordingly, turbulence is implicated in influencing the reconnection process, including effects associated with multiple X-points. Recently there has been an increase in activity in this is area, including study of plasmoid instability [2], in simulation of directly driven reconnection activity [3], and analysis of the statistics of reconnection rate in snapshots of 2D turbulence [4]. Here we study the time development of the number of X type critical points in 2D MHD during the early stages of freely decaying turbulence. We find that, at sufficiently high magnetic Reynolds number, the number of neutral points increases, while the rates of reconnection at the most active sites decrease. We focus in particular on the delicate issues of accuracy [5] that arise in these numerical experiments, in that the proliferation of Xpoints is also a feature of under-resolved simulations. The splitting of magnetic neutral points appears to be a fundamental feature of turbulence that has important implication for understanding the relationship between reconnection and cascade. This may important implications for the MMS and Solar Probe missions as well observation of reconnection on the solar wind. [1] W. Matthaeus and S. Lamkin, Phys Fluids 28, 303 (1985); 29, 2513 (1986) [2] N. F. Louriero et al, Phys. Plasmas 14, 100703 (2007); A. Bhjattacharjee et al, Phys Plasmas 16, 112102 (2009) [3} G. Kowal et al, Astrophys. J. 700, 63 (2009) [4] S. Servidio et al, Phys Plasmas 17, 032315 (2010) [5] S. Wan et al, Phys Plasmas 17, 082308 (2010)

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Matthaeus, William
H. Karimabadi, University of California San Diego V. Roytershteyn, University of California San Diego M. Wan, University of Delaware W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware W. Daughton, Los Alamos National Laboratory P. Wu, University of Delaware M. A. Shay, University of Delaware B. Loring, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory J. Borovsky, Space Science Institute E. Leonardis, University of Warwick S. Chapman, University of Warwick T. K. M. Nakamura, Los Alamos National Laboratory

Coherent Structures, Intermittent Turbulence and Dissipation at Kinetic Plasma Scales

Plasma turbulence, frequently driven by velocity shear, plays a significant role in a variety of space environments. It can have a major impact on heating of the solar corona, acceleration and non-adiabatic expansion of the solar wind, and transport of solar and galactic cosmic rays -- all effects that establish the electrodynamic and radiation environment of the Earth. A question of substantial importance in extending classical turbulence theory to these space and astrophysical plasmas is the identification of key dissipative mechanisms that transform cascade energy into heat. While large scale motions are well described by fluid theory, the interface between fluid motions and kinetic plasma dynamics, and the details of the dissipation process, remain enigmatic. However, the advent of petascale supercomputers has now made it possible to reveal these features through fully kinetic simulations that span the range of scales from fluid to kinetic range while providing a self-consistent description of all the relevant physics. Here we report on the first results from these simulations with a focus on the solar wind turbulence problem where the availability of in situ spacecraft measurements provides constraints on the results. Starting with a laminar, large scale velocity shear, the fluid-scale cascade drives a strongly nonlinear kinetic cascade characterized by a hierarchy of dissipative coherent structures extending down to electron scales. The cascade is punctuated by secondary instabilities, such as tearing and Kelvin-Helmholtz. The main heating mechanism is associated with anisotropic electron heating in the vicinity of electronscale current sheets. Progressively smaller percentages of dissipated energy is found to go into heating of ions, magnetic field generation, production of energetic particles, and excitation of waves emitted into the ambient plasma.

Matthaeus, William
K.T. Osman, University of Warwick W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware B. Hnat, University of Warwick S.C. Chapman, University of Warwick M. Wan, University of Delaware F. Rappazzo, University of Delaware

Kinetic Signatures and Intermittent Turbulence in the Solar Wind

Analyses of ACE and Wind datasets reveal connections between intermittent turbulence and kinetic properties of the solar wind [1,2,3]. It is found not only that discontinuous current sheet-like magnetic strictures are hotter than the ambient solar wind, but also that that the mean proton temperature is elevated in the vicinity of these coherent structures. Local enhancements due to individual structures are linked to extended temperature gradients resulting from the clustering of events. The density of these non-Gaussian events within a data interval is proportional to mean proton temperature and solar wind speed. Coherent structures only occupy 19% of the volume, but contribute 50% of the total internal energy. More detailed connections between kinetic processes and coherent structures have also been found. Important kinetic effects such as temperature anisotropy and elevated plasma beta are found to be statistically associated with measures of coherent magnetic structures, such as current sheets, which are non-uniformly distributed in space. Similar effects are seen in simulations [4,5,6]. Furthermore, these coherent structures are preferentially found in plasma unstable to the mirror and firehose instabilities. The inhomogeneous heating in these regions, which is present in both the magnetic field parallel and perpendicular temperature components, results in protons at least 3--4 times hotter than under typical stable plasma conditions. These results offer a new understanding of kinetic processes in a turbulent regime, where linear Vlasov theory is not sufficient to explain the inhomogeneous plasma dynamics operating near non-Gaussian structures. [1] K.T. Osman et al, Astrophys. J., 727, L11 (2011) [2] K. T. Osman et al, Phys. Rev. Lett, submitted (2011) [3] K. T. Osman, Phys. Rev. Lett, submitted (2012) [4] T. Parashar et al, Phys Plasmas 16, 032310 (2009) [5] S. Servidio et al, PRL 108, 145001 (2012) [6] H. Karimabadi et al. Nature (2012), submitted.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Matthaeus, William
A. F. Rappazzo, University of Delaware W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware D. Ruffolo, Mahidol University

Interchange reconnection in unipolar regions of the solar corona

Magnetic field-lines traced from the photosphere can close back on the photosphere or extend outward toward the heliosphere. The low corona can accordingly be divide into magnetically closed and open regions. Closed regions are denser and warmer and the the slow and fast wind has often been proposed to originate from the interchange reconnection taking place at the boundary between these two regions. Most models consider only regions where the magnetic field in the open and closed areas have opposite directions (e.g., Fisk model) producing a true null point. On the other hand reconnection is possible also in unipolar regions due to "component reconnection". For closed regions this has been extensively studied with reduced MHD, where footpoints are shuffled by photospheric motions. Here we present reduced MHD numerical simulations studying interchange reconnection between open and closed regions with a unipolar average magnetic field. The boundary between closed and open regions is not stationary and field-lines change connectivity continuously, becoming alternatively open and closed. This component interchange process is almost certainly weaker then neutral point interchange, but also should occur much more frequently. The implications for coronal heating and sources of the solar wind will be discussed.

McGregor, Sarah
S.L. McGregor, Boston University W.J. Hughes, Boston University

Source Region dependence on turbulent fluctuations in the Solar Wind

A distribution of solar wind fluctuations can be described by the sum of two independent power law distributions. Flux tube boundary crossings dominate the large scale fluctuations (Borovsky et al. 2008), while the small scale fluctuations are due to turbulence residing within the individual flux tube. Borovsky et al contend that the flux tubes advect out as "fossil structures" from the solar surface out to 1 AU, while the flux tube walls form boundaries to the MHD turbulence and confine the small scale fluctuations between their walls. To understand the smaller scale fluctuations in the solar wind it is therefore necessary to look at solar wind either 1. within a given flux tube based on large changes in the magnetic field or plasma flow, or 2. within those of like flux tubes based on their solar origin. While plasma parameters such as the solar wind speed, density and temperature can undergo significant evolution during transit from the sun to 1.0 AU, elemental abundances such as the ionic charge state ratios or the alpha-to-proton ratio remain unchanged, acting as tracers of their coronal origin. These elemental tracers advect out, just as the individual flux tubes do, and allow us to distinguish between flux tubes of different solar origin. Using the ACE data set over three years during solar minimum we investigate the small scale fluctuations in the solar wind plasma parameters based on their compositional signatures to help distinguish between properties that are the result of evolution or coronal source.

Meyer, Fred
F. W. Meyer, Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; A. F. Barghouty, NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center

Kinetic and potential sputtering of lunar regolith: the contribution of the heavy (minority) solar wind ions

We report preliminary results for H+, Ar+1, Ar+6 and Ar+9 ion sputtering of JSC-1A lunar regolith simulant at solar wind velocities, obtained at the ORNL Multicharged Ion Research Facility using quadrupole mass spectrometry. The multi-charged Ar ions were used as proxies for intermediate mass solar wind multicharged ions. Prior to the Ar beam exposures, the sample was exposed to high fluence H+ irradiation to simulate H-loading by the dominant solar wind constituent. A x80 enhancement of oxygen sputtering by Ar+ over same velocity H+ was measured; an additional x2 increase for Ar+9 over same velocity Ar+ was demonstrated, giving clear evidence of potential sputtering by multicharged ions. This enhancement was observed to persist to the maximum fluences investigated (~10^16/cm^2). As discussed in a companion abstract by A.F. Barghouty on modeling efforts, such persistent sputtering enhancement has significant implications on weathering of lunar regolith. Consistent with the enhanced O sputtering, XPS measurements showed strong evidence of Fe reduction for those target areas that had been exposed to high fluence Ar+ and Ar+8 beams. Preferential re-oxidation of the Fe-reduced beam-exposed regions during transfer to the XPS system ex-situ was indicated by XPS as well. On the basis of these very promising preliminary results, a NASALASER project on more extensive measurements was recently selected for funding. The proposal expands the collaboration with NASA-MSFC for the modeling effort, and adds a new collaboration with NASA-GSFC for lunar mission-relevant measurements. Research sponsored by the ORNL LDRD program, and by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the USDOE.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Miyahara, Hiroko
Periodic cosmic-ray spikes at the Maunder Minimum indicated by the Be-10 content in Greenland and Antarctic Ice cores

Hiroko Miyahara, The University of Tokyo Horiuchi Kazuho, Hirosaki University Yusuke Yokoyama, The University of Tokyo Hiroyuki Matsuzaki, The University of Tokyo Hideaki Motoyama, National Institute of Polar Research Fuyuki Tokyanai, Yamagata University Kazuhiro Kato, Yamagata University Minoru Anshita, Yamagata University

We discuss the characteristics of cosmic ray variations around the Maunder Minimum based on the annually resolved beryllium10 records from NGRIP Greenland ice core and from Antarctic ice core obtained at the Dome Fuji station. The results of our recent measurements of beryllium-10 content in Dome Fuji ice core indicate similar variations to the NGRIP record, confirming that annual-scale periodic ~30-50 % enhancements of beryllium-10 around the Maunder minimum found in the NGRIP ice core are certainly originated in cosmic rays. The solar cycles at the Maunder Minimum have been revealed by carbon-14 content to be ~14 years through the Maunder Minimum, while the mean durations between beryllium-10 spikes are ~28 years. It suggests that these periodic spikes are related to the Hale cycle of cosmic rays caused by the drift effect in the heliosphere. The quantitative explanation for such anomalous enhancements needs further investigations based on numerical studies. We have been also trying to determine the absolute ages of such cosmic ray spikes, based on the ultra-high precision measurements of carbon-14 content in tree rings. Annual scale enhancement of produced carbon-14 is strongly attenuated in the atmospheric circulation and thus needs improvement of the measurement using the Accelerator Mass Spectrometer. We show the preliminary results for two of the four events.

Miyahara, Hiroko
Importance of heliospheric environment as a parameter to determine the multi-decadal variations of terrestrial climate

Hiroko Miyahara, The University of Tokyo Yasuhiko T. Yamaguchi, The University of Tokyo Wataru Sakashita, The University of Tokyo Yusuke Yokoyama, The University of Tokyo Takeshi Nakatsuka, Nagoya University Yasuyuki Aono, Osaka Prefecture University Mariano Morales, IANIGLA-CONICET

The periodic cosmic ray spikes found at the Maunder Minimum (AD1645-1715) gives an opportunity to examine the possible effect of solar and heliospheric magnetic activity on climate change through modulation of cosmic rays. We utilize the four spikes occurred at the qA negative solar minima around the Maunder Minimum with one year duration to trace the response of climate mainly over the northern hemisphere. Monitoring the rainfall activities as well as temperature changes enable to understand the possible mechanisms how the cosmic rays can affect the complex climate system. For this purpose, we have used the annuallyresolved dendro-chronological and stable isotope records from tree rings and ice cores. Tendency of cooling at such cosmic ray spikes has been found, while the rainfall activities show regional characteristics. Our results imply that the cosmic rays are playing important role in monsoonal activities, resulting in different response depending on the geographical setting.

Moestl, Christian
Impacts of multiple coronal mass ejections around 2010 August 1 in the inner heliosphere
C. Moestl, SSL, University of California, Berkeley, and IGAM, University of Graz, Austria and the August 2010 events team
We present multi-point in situ observations of a complex sequence of coronal mass ejections which may serve as a benchmark event for numerical and empirical space weather prediction models. On 2010 August 1, instruments on various space missions (SDO, SOHO, STEREO) monitored repeated coronal mass ejections originating within tens of degrees from solar disk center. We compare their imprints on four widely separated locations, covering 120 degree in heliospheric longitude, with radial distances from the Sun ranging from MESSENGER (0.38 AU) to Venus Express (VEX, at 0.72 AU) to Wind, ACE and ARTEMIS near Earth and both STEREO probes close to 1 AU. Calculating shock and flux rope parameters at each location lets us derive the global shape of the shock surface and gives us hints at the global flux rope configuration. In near Earth space, elevated alpha particles near the front boundary of a magnetic cloud were detected, indicating possible filament material. The geomagnetic storm was moderate to major, reaching two minima in the Dst index. MESSENGER received a glancing blow of the ICMEs, and the events missed STEREO-A entirely. The observations demonstrate how sympathetic solar eruptions may immerse at least one third of the heliosphere in the ecliptic with their distinct plasma and magnetic field signatures and emphasize the difficulties in linking the local views derived from single-spacecraft observations to a consistent global picture.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Moestl, Ute
2.5D MHD Simulations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability at Boundaries around Venus - Implications for the Loss of Ions

U.V. Mstl, Kanzelhhe Observatory-IGAM, Institute of Physics University of Graz, Austria M. Zellinger, Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Thermodynamics, Department Emissions, Graz University of Technology, Austria N.V. Erkaev, Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia H.K. Biernat, Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz

The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability principally can arise when layers of a stratified fluid or plasma have relative tangential velocities to each other. Such configurations occur at boundary layers in a variety of space plasmas at Earth's magnetopause, at planetary and cometary boundaries, in the solar corona, etc. Observations at Venus by the spacecraft Pioneer Venus Orbiter gave rise to speculations that the instability contributes to the loss of planetary ions through the formation of plasma clouds. Since then, a handful of studies were devoted to the KelvinHelmholtz instability at the ionopause and its implications for Venus. We investigate the stability of the two instability-relevant boundary layers around Venus: the induced magnetopause and the ionopause. We present 2.5D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability with different initial conditions and discuss the results with regard to the loss of planetary ions.

Mueller, Hans
Hans-R. Mueller, Dartmouth College and CSPAR-UAH Maciej Bzowski, Space Res. Centre, Polish Acad. Science Eberhard Moebius, UNH Gary Zank, CSPAR-UAH
Several years of neutral measurements by NASA/IBEX-Lo have yielded detailed observations of direct interstellar neutral helium and oxygen (primary particles). Prior to IBEX, interstellar helium had been observed with various other methods as well (for example by NASA/ULYSSES). The IBEX measurements now also provide strong indications for the presence of secondary neutral helium and oxygen that is thought to originate in the outer heliosheath from charge exchange. In order to model both primary and secondary particle populations and characterize them throughout the heliosphere, a detailed calculation method based on Keplerian orbits is presented. The helium distribution functions throughout the heliosphere are characterized while accounting for loss and production of neutral particles along the particle path. The helium distribution functions in the inner heliosphere exhibit an intricate structure that will be outlined in the contribution.

Direct modeling of neutral helium in the heliosphere

Nariyuki, Yasuhiro
Yasuhiro Nariyuki, University of Toyama Tohru Hada, Kyushu University Ken Tsubouchi, University of Tokyo

Nonlinear dissipation of circularly polarized Alfv\'en waves due to the beam-induced waves: 2-D hybrid simulations

In the present study, the dissipation processes of circularly polarized Alfven waves in solar wind plasmas including beam components are numerically discussed by using a 2-D hybrid simulation code. Numerical results suggest that the parent Alfven waves are rapidly dissipated due to the presence of the beam-induced obliquely propagating waves, such as kinetic Alfven waves. The nonlinear wave-wave coupling is directly evaluated by using the induction equation for the parent wave. It is also observed both in the 1-D and 2-D simulations that the presence of large amplitude Alfven waves strongly suppresses the beam instabilities.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Nemecek, Zdenek
Zdenek Nemecek, Charles University Jana Safrankova, Charles University Lubomir Prech, Charles University Stefan Dusik, Charles University Jaroslav Urbar, Charles University Georgy Zastenker, Institute of Space Research

Spectral properties of solar wind fluctuations

In course of the past 20 years, considerable evidence has accumulated that the solar wind is an example of an active turbulent MHD medium which evolves towards a state that resembles the well known hydrodynamic turbulence described by Kolmogorov (1941). The spectrum reveals broadband fluctuations over all measured scales. The presence of a strong interplanetary (IMF) magnetic field carried by the plasma flow follows to low-frequency fluctuations in the solar wind that are usually described within a magnetohydrodynamic approach with two distinct domains in frequency. Each frequency consists of power law variations the first one, at low frequencies (below 1 mHz) with a spectral index near 1, and the second one, at higher frequencies with a spectral index near 5/3. These spectral properties were found for the magnetic field as well as for plasma parameters. However, the fast magnetic field measurements suggest a further steepening of the frequency spectrum at about 1Hz that characterizes a change of the dissipation mechanisms from MHD to kinetic processes. A similar direct analysis of plasma fluctuations was impossible due to an insufficient resolution of plasma spectrometers. The contribution brings results of the first analysis of measurements of plasma moments with a time resolution of 31 ms observed by the BMSW solar wind monitor. We present examples of time series as well as frequency spectra of the density, velocity, velocity direction, and temperature. Our study reveals that although these parameters exhibit the same behavior at MHD scale, their spectral slopes are remarkably different at the kinetic scale.

Neugebauer, Marcia
M. Neugebauer, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona B. E. Goldstein, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Proton distribution functions in the fast polar solar wind can usually be well modeled as two bi-Maxwellian beams with different speeds and temperatures parallel and perpendicular to the local magnetic field. Although work has been done on the quenching of this differential streaming with distance from the Sun, its origin is still open to a number of suggestions: explosive injection, Coulomb collision effects, and wave-particle interactions near the Sun. We use Ulysses data from the recent solar minimum to search for an association of the double streaming with the microstreams in the wind associated with X-ray jets at supergranule boundaries.

Is There a Solar Signal in Double-Proton Beams in the Solar Wind?

Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa
T. Nieves-Chinchilla, CUA, Heliospheric Physics Lab, GSFC/NASA R. Colaninno, NRL, (USA) A. Vourlidas, NRL, (USA) A. Szabo, Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, GSFC/NASA (USA) M. A. Hidalgo, SRG- UAH, (Spain) R. P. Lepping, Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, GSFC/NASA (USA) S.A.Boardsen, Heliophysics Science Division, GSFC/NASA (USA) B.J. Anderson, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (USA) H. Korth, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (USA)

Combining remote and in-situ observations to understand the CME evolution in the inner heliosphere.

Multi-spacecraft observations of CME/ICMEs provide critical sources of information from which to learn about the CME initiation, propagation and evolution from the Sun to the heliosphere. The majority of these investigations so far has been undertaken from two, quite separate, points of view: remote sensing close to the Sun and in-situ observations at 1 AU. In recent years, the availability of continuous heliospheric imaging has provided a large impetus to link the observations of CMEs from these two perspectives. However, the comprehensive and coordinated analysis of data from multiple points of view, using different techniques and models, is still not completely understood. In this work, we demonstrate the discrepancy between these two points of view using a thorough analysis of imaging and in-situ observations of a CME from many inner heliospheric locations. Our analysis shows that the measurements of distortion can be severely affected by projection effects and that in-situ reconstructions of the CME structure are highly dependent on the selection of the magnetic field boundary. Therefore, the distortion and expansion, and, therefore, the CME evolution in the inner heliosphere can not be understood until better analysis methods are implemented. The combination of imaging (SOHO, STEREO, SDO) and in-situ (Wind, VEX, MESSENGER) observations has the potential to clarify the dynamical interaction of CMEs with the solar wind for the propagation and evolution of CMEs through the interplanetary medium.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Ofman, Leon
Leon Ofman, CUA/NASA GSFC Yana Maneva, CUA/NASA GSFC

Modeling the heating and acceleration of the solar wind with a turbulent Alfvenic wave spectrum

Recent coronal observations show ample evidence of Alfvenic waves that appear to carry sufficient energy flux that can produce the fast solar wind. The observed power spectrum of these waves varies between f^-1 to f^-5/3 in the low to high frequency bands, and to steeper spectrum in the dissipation range (i.e., on the order of the proton gyroresonance). We model the electronproton-alpha particle solar wind with 2.5D multifluid model in the low frequency and large-scale range, and with 2D hybrid model in the small-scale proton gyroresonant frequency range. We find the low frequency Alfvenic waves accelerate the solar wind by momentum transfer, while the high frequency waves heat preferentially the alpha particles. The gyroresonant wave spectrum is produced by super-Alfvenic ion beams, and by direct boundary excitation in the hybrid model, and the effects of solar wind expansion are considered. We find that the preferential heating of the alpha particles can contribute significantly to the acceleration and heating of the fast solar wind in coronal holes.

Pahud, Danielle
Danielle M. Pahud, Boston University Viacheslav G. Merkin, Applied Physics Laboratory John Hopkins University Sarah L. McGregor, Boston University W.J. Hughes, Boston University

MHD simulations of the evolution of a stream interaction region: LFM-helio

We have used the Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry (LFM) heliospheric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, the LFM-helio, to examine the radial evolution of a stream interaction region during Carrington rotation (CR) 2060. The LFM-helio is an adaptation of the magnetospheric LFM MHD code to heliospheric plasmas and fields. For the simulation considered, the solution domain extends from 0.1 AU to 2.0 AU. The ideal MHD equations are solved on a uniform spherical grid, excluding 10 degree cones centered at the poles. The inner boundary condition is obtained using the Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA) coronal model, which provides the velocity and magnetic field based on Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) observations of photospheric fields. During this interval, ACE observations at L1 show fast and slow streams of solar wind, regions of compressed plasma and magnetic field, as well as non-radial plasma flows. The global nature of the LFM-helio solution facilitates the study of the steepening of the stream interaction region and also aids in putting the in situ data into context. The particular stream interaction region selected for detailed study was chosen because it is separated from the heliospheric current sheet and surrounded by slow wind. We track the location of the stream interface through the simulation domain to determine whether it is convected with the solar wind or propagates through it.

Panasenco, Olga
Olga Panasenco, Helio Research Marco Velli, JPL Caltech

Solar Wind from Pseudostreamers: the Connection with Filament Channels

Coronal pseudostreamers appear in globally unipolar regions above multiple polarity reversal boundaries and can be observed at the solar limb as thin bright rays. Some polarity reversal boundaries under pseudostreamers are actually filament channels harboring what we have called twin filaments with the same chirality. When these filaments erupt, the corresponding CMEs appear to be less spectacular compared to CMEs originating from helmet streamers. Eruptions of twin filaments and corresponding CMEs usually occur consecutively with a time difference of a few hours. Depending on the cause of eruption, CMEs display different structure and propagation properties. We discuss two main groups of eruptions caused by either fast (hours) or slow (days) destabilization of twin filament channel systems. If the cause of eruptions is a sudden change in magnetic flux and coronal connectivity near the pseudostreamer, the eruption of one of the twin filaments occurs relatively fast and the corresponding CME appears to have a regular 3-part structure squeezed into an elongated shape due to the pseudostreamer magnetic field, with a very faint front due to the open configuration of the whole pre-eruptive magnetic system and the higher Alfvn and fast mode speeds, compared to the classic helmet streamer case. The second type of eruption creates a very faint CME more like a slow up-flow of plasma along the pseudostreamer vertical axis; none of the regular 3-part CME structure is seen. In this case the changes in the filament channel magnetic structure appear to be so slow that the whole pseudostreamer magnetic configuration changes, with field lines converging to the spine (in PFSS extrapolations) rather than diverging from them and the CME tunneling along the vertical axis. We discuss possible magnetic structures of the pre-eruptive filament channel systems in the pseudostreamer base, their evolution and properties of the corresponding CMEs and their contribution to the solar wind.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Parashar, Tulasi
Tulasi Nandan Parashar (presenting) -Jet Propulsion Laboratory Marco Velli - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Bruce Goldstein - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Understanding the turbulent behavior of the solar wind is very important for space weather. One important aspect which is usually not included in the solar wind turbulence studies is the expansion effects on the plasma. We develop the earlier studies of expanding box model to include the mirror force effects and study their role in the evolution of the proton distribution functions in the outer corona and inner heliosphere. The mirror force, significant in the acceleration region of the solar wind, is required for consistency with the conservation of magnetic moment of particles in the expanding wind. We present preliminary results from the modified 1D expanding box hybrid (EBHM) simulations.

Expansion effects on the solar wind: Hybrid simulations

Perez, Jean
Jean C Perez, University of New Hampshire Benjamin Chandran, University of New Hampshire

Reflection-driven Alfven Wave turbulence in the Solar Wind

In this work we present results from high resolution numerical simulations of Alfven Wave (AW) turbulence in the extended solar atmosphere that account for the inhomogeneities in density, solar wind speed, and the background magnetic field, without relying upon simplified phenomenological models of the underlying physical equations describing the turbulence. We discuss the radial dependence of turbulence spectral slopes, energy cascade rates as well as other important turbulence characteristics in the context of existing phenomenological models and remote observations.

Pinto, Rui
Rui Pinto, AIM CEA Saclay Roland Grappin, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon LUTh and LPP, Ecole Polytechnique

Alfvn wave driven polar plumes: dependence on the chromospheric conditions

We study the properties of polar plumes generated by Alfvnic torsional motions of the footpoints of a bipolar magnetic structure in a coronal hole. We use a 2.5D axisymmetric MHD numerical model of an isothermal corona and solar wind with semitransparent boundary conditions which take into account the wave reflection occurring at the dense chromospheric layers (being expressed in terms of a reflectivity parameter). Alfvn waves are continuously injected at the coronal base and drive the formation of a dense jet (plume) along the magnetic axis of the structure whose growth rate depends both on the frequency of the surface motions and the chromospheric reflectivity.The jet displays a series of "blobs" propagating outwards along its axis, which are mostly visible in the first ~7 solar radii and can be identified as slow mode wave-fronts generated non-linearly at the base of the plume.

Pinto, Rui
Rui Pinto, AIM CEA Saclay Laurene Jouve, IRAP Universite Toulouse Sacha Brun, AIM CEA Saclay Roland Grappin, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon LUTh and LPP, Ecole Polytechnique

Coupling the solar dynamo and the corona: wind properties, mass and momentum losses during an activity cycle

We study the connections between the sun's convection zone and the solar wind and corona. Magnetic fields generated by a 2.5D axisymmetric kinematic dynamo code (STELEM) evolve in a 2.5D axisymmetric coronal MHD code (DIP). The computations cover an 11 yr cycle, from one activity minimum to the following.The polarity reverseal happens quickly in the corona, despite the much slower evolution of the photospheric field.The solar wind's velocity varies in latitude and in time in good agreement with the known time-latitude asymptotic wind speed diagram. Overall sun's mass loss rate, angular momentum flux and magnetic braking torque (and the way the surface differential rotation is transmitted to the corona) vary considerably throughout the cycle. This cyclic modulation is mostly determined by the latitudinal distribution of the sources of open magnetic flux (and solar wind) and closed flux.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Podesta, John
Feasibility of using plasma waves to measure rapid changes in the solar wind density and bulk velocity
John J. Podesta, Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO
Turbulent dissipation in the solar wind begins at wavelengths near the thermal proton gyro-radius where the MHD approximation breaks down and a kinetic description is required. To understand the physical processes responsible for turbulent dissipation and proton heating requires observations of waves and particles with high accuracy and high time resolution. The thermal proton gyro-radius at 1 AU is ~100 kma distance swept past the spacecraft by the solar wind in approximately 0.2 secand, ideally, measurements with a time resolution much less than this are needed. While fluxgate magnetic field measurements can achieve this time resolution, plasma measurements using conventional Faraday cups and electrostatic analyzers so far have not and this remains a drawback for the diagnosis of kinetic processes in the solar wind at the proton gyro-radius scale. As an alternative, here we examine whether active plasma wave measurements may be used to obtain fast and accurate measurements of solar wind density and bulk velocity. Because the properties of plasma waves depend on the characteristics of the plasma including the temperature, density, bulk flow velocity, etc., in-situ measurements of plasma wave properties can, in principle, be used to determine the density and bulk flow velocity of the solar wind. Feasibility studies are needed to determine whether practical schemes can be developed to accomplish this and whether such schemes are viable for spacecraft measurements.

Poedts, Stefaan
S. Poedts, CPA/KU Leuven S. Devriese, CPA/KU Leuven C. Jacobs, CPA/KU Leuven F. Zuccarello, CPA/KU Leuven

A model for the evolution of slow coronal mass ejections up to 1AU

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most important drivers of the space weather and, therefore, most studies focus on the fast and thus most dangerous events. However, the `typical' or average CME propagates at a velocity close to the slow solar wind speed and, especially during solar minimum, fast CMEs are in fact rather exceptional. Yet, also the magnetic clouds associated to the slower CMEs are recognized to be able to cause significant geomagnetic disturbances. In this research a CME was simulated under solar minimum conditions and its propagation was followed up to 1AU. The CME was initiated by shearing the magnetic foot points of a magnetic arcade which was positioned north of the equatorial plane and embedded in a larger helmet streamer. The overlying magnetic field deflects the CME towards the equator, and the deflection path is dependent on the driving velocity. The core of the CME contains a magnetic flux rope and the density shows the typical three-part CME structure. The resulting CME propagates only slightly faster than the background solar wind, but the excess speed is high enough to create a fast MHD shock wave from a distance of 0.25AU onwards. At 1AU the plasma shows the typical characteristics of a magnetic cloud}, and the simulated data are in good agreement with the observations.

Pogorelov, Nikolai
Sergey N. Borovikov, UAHuntsville Nikolai V. Pogorelov, UAHuntsville Robert W. Ebert, Southwest Research Institute

Solar Rotation Effects on the Heliosheath Flow Near Solar Minima

The interaction between fast and slowsolarwind (SW) due to the Suns rotation creates corotating interaction regions (CIRs), which further interact with each other creating complex plasma structures at large heliospheric distances. We investigate the global influence of CIRs on the SW flow in the inner heliosheath between the heliospheric termination shock (TS) and the heliopause. The stream interaction model takes into account the major global effects due to slowfast stream interaction near solar minima. The fast and slow wind parameters are derived from the Ulysses observations. We investigate the penetration of corotating structures through the TS and their further propagation through the heliosheath. It is shown that the heliosheath flow structure may experience substantial modifications, including local decreases in the radial velocity component observed by Voyager 1.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Pogorelov, Nikolai
Nikolai V. Pogorelov, UAHuntsville Sergey N. Borovikov, UAHuntsville Konstantin Gamayunov, Florida Institute of Technology Jacob Heerikhuisen, UAHuntsville Igor A. Kryukov, UAHuntsville and Institute for Problems in Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences Vladimir Titarev, Computing Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Gary P. Zank, UAHuntsville Ming Zhang, Florida Institute of Technology

Multi-Scale Fluid-Kinetic Simulation Suite: A Tool for Modeling Solar Wind Flow Throughout the Heliosphere

Multi-Scale FLUid-Kinetic Simulation Suite (MS-FLUKSS) has been developed to model the flows of partially ionized plasma by combining the MHD description of charged particles and kinetic description of neutral atoms. It also allows a multi-fluid treatment of different populations of neutral atoms. It has recently been extended by adding a module to describe the evolution of pickup ions, both at fluid and kinetic levels, and solar wind turbulence. We demonstrate the application of MS-FLUKSS in a close relation with the ACE, IBEX, Ulysses, and Voyager missions. In particular, we present a few examples of the successful application of numerical simulation to explain and interpret observational data: the IBEX ribbon and related distributions of the interstellar magnetic fields, stream interactions along the Ulysses trajectory, velocity behavior in the inner heliosheath, etc. The MS-FLUKSS capabilities of complementing the observations to be performed by Solar Probe Plus are also discussed.

Pogorelov, Nikolai
Modeling Solar Wind Flow Using Time-dependent Boundary Conditions Derived from Interplanetary Scintillation Observations

Tae K. Kim, UAHuntsville Nikolai V. Pogorelov, UAHuntsville Sergey N. Borovikov, UAHuntsville John M. Clover, UC San Diego Bernard V. Jackson, UCSan Diego Hsui-Shan Yu, UC San Diego

The interplanetary space is a turbulent region dominated by a continuous stream of hot plasma originating from the Sun called the solar wind (SW) that propagates radially outward carrying away with it the Suns energy and magnetic field. Since the physical properties of the SW often vary considerably with solar rotation and magnetic cycle, numerical modeling of the SW flow requires use of realistic boundary conditions that reflect those variations as accurately as possible, both spatially and temporally. We may construct such boundary conditions using SW speed and density measurements derived from interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations. Here, we perform three-dimensional, time-dependent MHD simulations of the SW outflow from 0.25 AU to 10 AU using inner boundary conditions obtained from 2007 IPS data (CR2058 CR2063) and compare the results with the OMNI and Ulysses data during that period.

Poletto, Giannina
Giannina Poletto, INAF-Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory, Firenze, Italy Luca Zangrilli, INAf-Torino Astrophysical Observatory, Torino, Italy

Evidence for Active Regions outflows in the intermediate corona

About ten years ago it was suggested, on the basis of scintillation measurements, in situ data and remote EUV observations, that Active Regions (ARs) might be significant contributors to slow wind. More recently, the HINODE mission lead to a proliferation of works in this area, which showed the occurrence of continuous and/or intermittent outflows from peripheral areas of ARs. These studies refer to the lower corona: indeed, whether these flows can reach a high enough speed to escape outwards is, as yet, an unsettled issue. In the present work we aim at providing evidence for outflows in the intermediate corona at heliocentric distances ranging from 1.5 to about 2.5 solar radii. To this end, we analyzed SOHO/UVCS data of AR 8124, that was at the west limb of the Sun on January 2, 1998, and made several further limb crossings at successive rotations. A Doppler dimming analysis of the H Ly-alpha and of the O VI doublet lines at 1032 and 1037 Angstrom allowed us to build a map of densities and outflow speeds over a large area overlying the AR. High outflows are shown to originate in a narrow channel located at the AR edge, in a region where potential field extrapolations show a bundle of open fieldlines, adjacent to closed loop systems. Over the examined range of altitudes (1.5 to 2.5 solar radii), the outflow speed profile in this high speed lane turns out to be steeper than typical equatorial coronal holes wind profiles. To our knowledge this is the first measurement of AR flows in the intermediate corona and crucially supports ARs edges as sources of slow wind streams.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Prech, Lubomir
Jakub Enzl, Charles University Lubomir Prech, Charles University Jana afrnkova, Charles University Zdenek Nemecek, Charles University

Multi-spacecraft observations of magnetic reconnection in the solar wind

Magnetic reconnection is a phenomenon where the energy stored in the magnetic field dissipates into heating and particle acceleration. It can occur on boundaries connecting plasmas with different magnetic field topologies. In the past, the extensive research was devoted to magnetic reconnection encountered at the Sun and at boundaries of planetary magnetospheres and in the planetary magnetotails. Magnetic reconnection has been reported also in the solar wind; it can be found for example inside ICME sheaths, where the plasma is compressed and different plasma topologies encounter each other or at the boundaries of ICME sheaths and magnetic clouds where the strongest reconnection with the largest shear angle can be expected. Our study is based on data from the WIND, CLUSTER, and THEMIS spacecraft. We track the signatures of magnetic reconnection inside the ICME sheaths such as a rotation of the magnetic field or acceleration and heating of the plasma. We found cases where a particular reconnection event was observed on several spacecraft. Multi-spacecraft observations of the same event allow us to conclude that such type of reconnection persists more than 50 minutes and the reconnection exhaust can be detected over a distance larger than 130 Re. The observed exhaust velocity seems to decrease with the distance from the X-line. High-time resolution data also suggest an existence of structured exhaust boundaries.

Pulupa, Marc
Solar wind electron drifts: measurements and trends
M P Pulupa, S D Bale, C Salem, K I Horaites, UC Berkeley Space Sciences Lab
In the solar wind, the electron velocity distribution is made up of several populations, including the core, halo, and strahl. Each separate population is capable of drifting in a field-aligned direction with respect to the solar wind protons. Analysis of several years of Wind/3DP electron measurements shows evidence of a sunward offset in the core drift speed, which we attribute to the presence of a nonuniform spacecraft potential. We demonstrate that the offset is consistent with a monopole-dipole potential model and quantify the effects of the nonuniform potential on the measured electron moments. Using corrected measurements, we examine the dependence of drift speed on solar wind collisional parameters, determine limiting values of the drift speeds, and discuss them in the context of possible wave instability thresholds.

Qin, Gang
To determin the release time of solar energetic particles regarding the perpendicular diffusion effect
Gang Qin, Center for Space Science & Applied Research Yang Wang, Center for Space Science & Applied Research

The onset time of solar energetic particle (SEP) events can be used to determine the release time of SEPs in the source with the velocity dispersion method, which assumes that the first arriving particles move along the magnetic field and the scattering can be ignored. However, with perpendicular diffusion, the first arriving particles may cross the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and the assumption for the velocity dispersion method might be invalid. In this work, we calculate SEPs' intensity time profiles including the perpendicular diffusion. Comparing the SEPs transport simulations with and without perpendicular diffusion, we find that when the observer is directly connected to the SEP source by IMF line, the SEPs' release time calculated from the velocity dispersion method is accurate enough. However, if the observer is not connected to the SEP source, the perpendicular diffusion causes the SEP event's onset time delayed significantly. Therefore, the velocity dispersion method can be only ussed when the observer is connected to the SEP source by IMF line directly.

Richardson, Ian
Solar Wind Drivers of Geomagnetic Storms Over More Than Four Solar Cycles
Ian Richardson, CRESST/University of Maryland/Goddard Space Flight Center
Using a classification of the near-Earth solar wind into three basic flow types: 1) High-speed streams associated with coronal holes at the Sun; 2) Slow, inter-stream solar wind; and 3) Transient flows originating with coronal mass ejections at the Sun, including interplanetary coronal mass ejections and the associated upstream shocks and post-shock regions, we determine the drivers of geomagnetic storms of various size range based on the Kp index and the NOAA G criteria since 1964, close to the beginning of the space era, to 2011, encompassing more than four solar cycles (20-23). We also briefly discuss the occurrence of storms since the beginning of the Kp index in 1932, in the minimum before cycle 17. We note that the extended low level of storm activity during the minimum following cycle 23 is without precedent in this 80 year interval. Furthermore, the ``typical" numbers of storm days/cycle quoted in the standard NOAA G storm table appear to be significantly higher than obtained from our analysis, except for the strongest (G5) storms, suggesting that they should be revised downward.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Richardson, Ian
Ian Richardson, CRESST/University of Maryland/Goddard Space Flight Center Hilary Cane, University of Tasmania

Near-Earth Solar Wind Flows and Geomagnetic Activity Over More Than Four Solar Cycles (1963--2011)

In past studies, we classified the near-Earth solar wind into three basic flow types based on inspection of solar wind plasma and magnetic field parameters in the OMNI database and additional data (e.g., geomagnetic indices, energetic particle and cosmic ray observations). These flow types are: 1) High-speed streams associated with coronal holes at the Sun, 2) Slow, inter-stream solar wind, and 3) Transient flows originating with coronal mass ejections at the Sun, including interplanetary coronal mass ejections and the associated upstream shocks and post-shock regions. The solar wind classification in these previous studies commenced with observations in 1972. In the present study, as well as updating this classification to the end of 2011, we have extended the classification back to 1963, the beginning of near-Earth solar wind observations, thereby encompassing the complete solar cycles 20 to 23 and the ascending phase of cycle 24. We discuss the cycle-to-cycle variations in near-Earth solar wind structures and the related geomagnetic activity over more than four solar cycles, updating some of the results of our earlier studies.

Robertson, Ina
I. P. Robertson, T. E. Cravens, University of Kansas M. R. Collier, D. G. Sibeck, Goddard Space Flight Center K. D. Kuntz, Johns Hopkins University

Solar Wind Charge Exchange and Earth's Magnetosheath

The solar wind experiences a shock as it approached Earths magnetosphere. The region between this shock and the magnetosphere is called the magnetosheath. In this region the solar wind slows down and the solar wind density and temperature increases. This is particularly the case in the nose of the magnetosheath. This region can clearly be seen in the soft X-ray emission due to charge exchange between heavy solar wind ions (SWCX) and geocoronal neutral hydrogen. The boundaries of the magnetosheath are called the magnetopause and the bow shock. At favorable positions, these boundaries can easily be seen in the modeled results of SWCX. The objective of this presentation, however, is to show that we can also detect these boundaries from a moving spacecraft with a varying solar wind. For this purpose we have created a spacecraft trajectory about 30 RE from Earth and we have used the solar wind data of numerous magneto-hydrodynamic runs.

Rodriguez, Luciano
Luciano Rodriguez, Royal Observatory of Belgium Andrei Zhukov, Royal Observatory of Belgium Marilena Mierla, Romanian Academy Emilia Kilpua, University of Helsinki Sergio Dasso, Universidad de Buenos Aires Matt West, Royal Observatory of Belgium

Internal characteristics of magnetic clouds at 1 AU

Magnetic clouds (MCs) are a subset of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). They are important due to their internal magnetic field configuration, which resembles a magnetic flux rope, and because they represent the most geoeffective type of solar transient. In this study, we analyze their internal structure using a superposed epoch method of a large set of events detected at L1, between 1996 and 2011. We analyse plasma and magnetic field data, in order to highlight the most important characteristics and compare the internal parameters with those seen in the surrounding solar wind. Furthermore, we link events with their solar counterparts and compare the remote observations in EUV and white-light with the in situ data in order to find similarities and try to enhance our knowledge on the linking between solar and interplanetary features of ICMEs.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Rollett, Tanja
T. Rollett, Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria M. Temmer, Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria C. Mstl, Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA A.M. Veronig, Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria N. Lugaz, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, USA U.V. Mstl, Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Following coronal mass ejections from Sun to Earth or beyond is a quite difficult topic. Since the Heliospheric Imagers (HI) aboard STEREO provide observations for a very wide field of view the interpretation of these data is challenging. Different observational effects have to be considered to calculate the direction and kinematics of CMEs, e.g. Thomson scattering, line-ofsight integration, angular width of the observed ejecta and the position of the observing spacecraft with respect to the CME. In this study we use a numerical simulation of a very wide CME and produced synthetic white light images similar as observed by HI for three different separations of the observing spacecraft to the CME apex. The analysis was done by using the methods introduced in Rollett et al., 2012 where the HI measurements are constrained by the in situ signal at 1 AU. To validate the results they are compared to the 'true' CME speed profile for every case, obtained directly from the simulation images. In addition a reliable error estimation was done as a function of separation angle from the in situ spacecraft. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 263252 [COMESEP].

Analysis of heliospheric observations of CMEs by using a numerical simulation

Romero-Hernandez, Esmeralda
Study of corotating interaction regions in the ascending phase of the solar cycle: multi-spacecraft observations
E. Romero-Hernandez, UNAM J. Gonzalez-Esparza, UNAM P. Riley, Predictive Science

We analyse simultaneous solar wind observations from five different spacecraft: Helios 1, Helios 2, IMP-8, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2, from November 1977 to February 1978 (ascending phase of solar cycle 21). In this period, we identify five Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs). We present an analysis of 3D configuration of this CIRs by analyzing the orientation of their Stream Interface. We use a global MHD model to complement this analysis. The MHD model allow us to notice the compression patterns of solar wind streams.

Russell, Chris
Hairong Lai, UCLA C.T. Russell, UCLA G.L. Delzanno, LANL H.Y. Wei, UCLA Y.D. Jia, UCLA

Collisions in Space: Detection through the Signature of Nanoscale Charge Dust Pickup in the Solar Wind

Pioneer Venus Orbiter was the first mission to detect the cusp-shaped solar-wind magnetic field increases called interplanetary field enhancements (IFEs). All interplanetary spacecraft with magnetometers see IFEs about 7 times per year. PVO provided an important clue as to their cause by observing an association with the asteroid 2201 Oljato where its orbit crossed the ecliptic plane in front of Venus, whenever it was close to, but not necessarily in conjunction with, Venus. This is consistent with the production of IFEs through the collision of material in Oljatos orbit with material near the ecliptic plane.IFEs travel at the solar wind speed based on 4- and a 5-spacecraft observations. The IFE is not a force-free structure nor balanced by the plasma. Its magnetic profile must be in pressure balance with some other solar wind constituent. This must be nano-scale charged dust. If so, the magnetic field increase transfers momentum from the solar wind to the charged dust in the IFE. We have modeled this transfer with a multi-fluid MHD model. When a collision between two moderately sized-bodies occurs (3m 30m diameter), the solar wind removes the nano-scale dust from the collision site and it is swept out of the solar system. The rate of appearance of IFEs is consistent with the collision rate expected from observations of the size and rate of small bodies entering the Earths upper atmosphere.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Salem, Chadi
Chadi Salem, University of California, Berkeley Gregory Howes, University of Iowa, Iowa City David Sundkvist, University of California, Berkeley Stuart Bale, University of California, Berkeley Christopher Chen, University of California, Berkeley Christopher Chaston, University of California, Berkeley Forrest Mozer, University of California, Berkeley

Identification of Kinetic Alfven Wave Turbulence in the Solar Wind

We present an investigation of the nature of small-scale turbulent fluctuations in the solar wind using a comparison of Cluster magnetic and electric field measurements to predictions arising from models consisting of either kinetic Alfven waves or whistler waves. The electric and magnetic field properties of these waves from linear theory are used to construct spacecraft-frame frequency spectra of (|dE|/|dB|)s/c and (|dBpar|/|dB|)s/c , allowing for a direct comparison to spacecraft data. The measured properties of the small-scale turbulent fluctuations, found to be inconsistent with the whistler wave model, agree well with the prediction of a spectrum of kinetic Alfven waves with nearly perpendicular wavevectors.

Savani, Neel
Neel P. Savani, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Goddard Space Flight Center Angelos Vourlidas, Naval Research Laboratory Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla, Catholic University of America, Goddard Space Flight Center Nathan Rich, Naval Research Laboratory
Recent observations have been able to track the white light structures of CMEs from remote observations of the corona to planetary bodies, whereby in situ measurements have been taken. The majority of these studies have focused on achieving consistent results for parameters such as the arrival time, propagation direction and the orientation of a possible magnetic flux rope topology. In this study we focus on estimating mass and momentum of the CME for both the structure in its entirety and for the narrow slit which travels over Earth. We track the mass profile of the CME through the Heliospheric Imagers onboard STEREO and monitor the resulting in situ measurements at L1. We test the hypothesis that the sudden increase in momentum of the solar wind instigates a geomagnetic disturbance and affects the initial phase of the magnetic activity indices.

The influence of CME momentum onto the Earth's Magnetosphere

Selwa, Malgorzata
Malgorzata Selwa, CPA/KU Leuven Mark G. Linton, NRL C. Richard DeVore, NRL Stefaan Poedts, CPA/KU Leuven

3D MHD numerical experiments of reconnection in twisted dipolar flaring regions

We investigate, by means of 3D MHD experiments, the interaction of twisted coronal magnetic loops. The experiments are initialized with two dipoles anchored in the photosphere. A kinematic rotational motion is applied to the central parts of the dipolar regions at the photosphere so that a flux tube within each dipole becomes twisted. Experiments are performed for the different magnetic field topologies leading to different contact angles during the reconnection process. We search for magnetic topological features and compare the different cases with the results of Linton, Dahlburg & Antiochos (2001) for cylindrical twisted flux tubes and observations of flares in different magnetic topologies. We also study the interaction of coronal structures with the resulting flares.

Seough, Jungjoon
Effects of Intermediate Scale Variations on Proton Temperature Anisotropy vs Beta Inverse Correlation in the Solar Wind

Jung Joon Seough, Kyung Hee Univ./SSR Peter H. Yoon, Kyung Hee Univ./SSR, Univ. of Maryland/IPST Gwangson Choe, Kyung Hee Univ./SSR

The proton temperature anisotropy versus beta inverse correlation near 1 AU based upon in-situ observations shows that it is best described by instability threshold conditions corresponding to mirror and oblique fire hose modes. For perpendicular temperature anisotropy, proton cyclotron and mirror instabilities are simultaneously excited. According to the prediction of the linear kinetic theory, proton cyclotron instability should dominate over the mirror mode for low beta regime, while for high betas the opposite should be true. However, observations do not always support such a prediction in that it shows the predominance of mirror mode threshold in many cases. In the low-beta regime, although the solar wind anisotropy seems to be dictated by the mirror threshold, the observed weak magnetic compressibility is consistent with proton cyclotron mode. In the present paper we show that the pervasive intermediate spatio-temporal scale variations in the solar wind density and the magnitude of the magnetic field near 1 AU can lead to the modification of the threshold conditions for the proton cyclotron and mirror instabilities. It is shown that the observed mirror-dominated inverse correlation and the observed magnetic compressibility can be accounted for under suitable models of the B-field variation.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Servidio, Sergio
S. Servidio, University of Calabria W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware P. Dmitruk, University of Buenos Aires V. Carbone, University of Calabria S. Oughton, University of Waikato M. Wan, University of Delaware K. T. Osman, University of Warwick

Local anisotropy, "higher order" statistics and spectra in turbulence

Correlation and spectral anisotropy play important roles in solar wind and astrophysical plasmas, having significant impact on descriptions of the turbulence cascade, particle scattering, the nature of kinetic dissipation, and the transport of turbulence. Anisotropy emerges dynamically in MHD, producing stronger gradients across the large-scale mean magnetic field than along it, and occurring both globally and locally [1-6]. Recently [7], properties of local correlation anisotropy have been further documented by showing through numerical experiments that the effect is intensified in more localized estimates of the mean field. The mathematical formulation of this property shows that local anisotropy mixes second-order with higher order correlations. Sensitivity of local statistical estimates to higher order correlations can be understood in connection with the stochastic coordinate system inherent in such formulations. We demonstrate this in specific cases, and illustrate the connection to higher order statistics by showing the sensitivity of local anisotropy to phase randomization, after which the global measure of anisotropy is recovered at all scales of averaging. This study establishes that anisotropy of the local structure function is not a measure of anisotropy of the energy spectrum. Evidently the phenomenon of locally enhanced anisotropy involves fundamental physics that is embedded in the higher order statistics, as is the case for intermittency and coherent structures that are generated by turbulence. [1] D. C. Robinson & M. G. Rusbridge, Phys. Fluids 14, 2499 (1971) [2] J. V. Shebalin et al., J. Plasma Phys. 29, 525 (1983) [3] V. Carbone & P. Veltri, Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 52, 153 (1990) [4] L. J. Milano et al., Phys. Plasmas 8, 2673 (2001) [5] T. S. Horbury et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 175005 (2008) [6] J. Cho & E. T. Vishniac, Astrophys. J. 539, 273 (2000) [7] W. H. Matthaeus et al., Astrophys. J. 750, 103 (2012)

Servidio, Sergio
S. Servidio, University of Calabria D. Perrone, University of Calabria S. Dalena, University of Delaware F. Valentini, University of Calabria P. Veltri, University of Calabria

Numerical simulations of plasma turbulence with heavy ions: Nonlinear dynamics of hydrogen and alpha particles

The solar wind is a multi-species (and collisionless) turbulent system. Therefore, the nonlinear dynamics of plasma turbulence need to be addressed with self-consistent Vlasov theory, taking into account proton, alpha, and electron dynamics. We present Vlasov numerical simulations of a multi-species plasma, using a low-noise hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell code, in a five-dimensional phase space configuration (2 dimensions in physical space + 3 in the velocity space). The Vlasov equation is solved for proton and alpha particle distribution functions, while the electrons are considered as a fluid. During the nonlinear evolution, turbulence is characterized by the appearance of coherent structures. These manifest as regions of high magnetic stress where both proton and alpha particle distribution functions experience strong non-Maxwellian deformations. This non-homogeneous scenario is characterized by patches of anisotropy, for both alpha and proton temperatures. In agreement with solar wind observations alpha particles locally manifest stronger anisotropy than protons. A statistical description of turbulence (e.g. power spectra) has been performed, for both species. These preliminary results help to understand some of the complex features commonly observed in the turbulent solar wind.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Sharma, R.P.
Nonlinear Evolution of Dispersive Alfvn waves in Solar Wind and Corona
R. P. Sharma, Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi-110016, India
Since Alfvnic fluctuations are the most common electromagnetic activities in cosmic plasma environments, it is anticipated that dispersive Alfven Waves (kinetic/intertial Alfven waves) could play an important role in the acceleration and energization of cosmic plasmas. We present a model of nonlinear kinetic Alfvn waves, in which the effect of dissipation has been taken into account. We investigate the turbulent spectra of Kinetic Alfven waves (KAW) using numerical simulation of the model equations governing the nonlinear dynamics of KAW, where the ponderomotive and Joule heating nonlinearities are incorporated in the KAW dynamics. Our results reveal the formation of damped coherent magnetic lamentary structures and the turbulent spectra. We present the nonlinear evolution of kinetic Alfvn wave (KAW) in solar wind plasmas. Solar wind turbulence up to electronic scales in the dissipation regime has been observed by Cluster spacecraft. The power spectrum follows Kolmogorov scaling with different exponents in different frequency domains corresponding to inertial regime and dissipation regime. The power spectrum is having breakpoints which can be calculated by characteristic scales of the plasma. We have developed a model based on modified Zakharov system of equations (MZSE) taking Landau damping into account. Nonlinear coupling of dispersive Alfven waves and ion acoustic waves has been considered. These dynamical equations are solved at different locations and times to analyze the magnetic field intensity profiles, density and power spectra. This system of equations is also simulated numerically using pseudospectral method. The effect of wave dispersion has been explicitly studied on power spectrum. Fokker Planck equation with velocity space diffusion coefficient in the presence of nonlinear structures in low beta plasmas is also used for solar coronal heating.

Simunac, Kristin
K.D.C. Simunac, University of New Hampshire A.B. Galvin, University of New Hampshire C.J. Farrugia, University of New Hampshire Y.C.-M. Liu, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Beijing J.G. Luhmann, University of California, Berkeley

Multi-Spacecraft Observations of the Heliospheric Plasma Sheet

The heliospheric plasma sheet (HPS) has been described both as quasi-stationary and transient in nature. In order to better quantify the temporal and spatial scales under which each description is appropriate we have compared observations of the HPS from the two STEREO observatories and Wind. Identification criteria of the HPS included a change in magnetic sector from towards to away (or vice versa, identified using electron pitch angle distributions), an increase in proton density, and a minimum in the proton specific entropy argument. Following the technique of Liu et al. (2010), we have classified each plasma sheet as leading, following, or straddling a current sheet. We find the configuration of the HPS agrees between the three spacecraft when longitudinal separation between observation points is 10 degrees or less (temporal separation of less than 1 day). Preliminary results show that in some cases the HPS is quasi-stationary over longitudinal scales of at least 25 degrees.

Simunac, Kristin
Mark Popecki, University of New Hampshire K. Simunac, University of New Hampshire A. Galvin, University of New Hampshire H. Kucharek, University of New Hampshire Berndt Klecker, Max-Planck Institut fur extraterrestrische Physik

On the Acceleration of He Pickup Ions in the Inner Heliosphere

Interstellar neutral helium penetrates to well within 1 AU where it is ionized predominantly by UV from the Sun. These freshly created He+ pickup ions are convected outward with the solar wind and subject to acceleration processes, for example in compression regions, corotating interaction regions, or CME-driven interplanetary shocks. These acceleration processes result in the formation of suprathermal tails in the PUI velocity distribution. The PLASTIC instruments on the STEREO spacecraft cover for pickup He the energy range of ~1-20 keV/nuc, i.e. they allow the determination of PUI distribution functions from the source distribution to suprathermal energies. In this paper we study the suprathermal tails of He pickup ions during the time period January to December 2008 that featured many corotating interaction regions. The PLASTIC observations for the He+ suprathermal tail show a large variability of the spectral index gamma of the distribution function f(w)~w^-gamma, with w = V/Vsw, where V and Vsw are the particle velocity and the solar wind velocity, respectively. Incorporating a transformation from the spacecraft frame to the solar wind frame, the spectral index at velocities 1.5 <= w <= 5 (in the solar wind frame) ranges from gamma ~ -5.1 at a forward shock to gamma = -9 in the slow solar wind.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Singh, Nagendra
Double layers as a mechanism for sudden ion acceleration in thin coronal transition region
Nagendra Singh, University of Alabama, Huntsville
It is becoming increasingly evident that magnetic reconnection events are a common feature of the upper chromosphere and lower corona in the solar atmosphere. It is well-known that the reconnection heats electrons quickly. If this happens in the upper chromosphere, a low density hot electron population is likely to be created in addition to the ambient cold electrons. This is a classic situation for double layer formation, which accelerates the ions. The energy of the accelerated ions by the double layers scales with the energy of the heated electrons by the magnetic reconnection. The spatially structured reconnection events randomly distributed horizontally, vertically as well as in time, may generate highly dynamic fine-scale structures in the coronal transition region. However, the current state-of-the-art measurements of the solar events may not resolve the fine scale dynamic features, but the associated gross feature of sudden outflow of heated/accelerated ions should be discernible as the thin coronal transition region. The vertical thickness of this region should correspond to the width of the region in which the mean-free collision path lengths exceed tens and hundreds of plasma Debye lengths on the top side of the chromosphere. The ions accelerated by the double layers along with the escaping hot electrons may constitute the origin of the solar wind.

Smith, Charles
J. T. Coburn, C. W. Smith and B. J. Vasquez / UNH J. E. Stawarz / UC Boulder M. A. Forman / SUNY at Stony Brook

The Turbulent Cascade and Proton Heating in the Solar Wind During Solar Minimum

The recently protracted solar minimum provided years of interplanetary data that were largely absent any association with observed large-scale transient behavior on the Sun. With large-scale shear at 1 AU generally isolated to Corotating Interaction Regions, it is reasonable to ask whether the solar wind is significantly turbulent at this time. We perform a series of third-moment analyses using data from the Advanced Composition Explorer. We show that the solar wind at 1 AU is just as turbulent as at any other time in the solar cycle. Specifically, the turbulent cascade of energy scales in the same manner proportional to the product of wind speed and temperature. Energy cascade rates during solar minimum average a factor of 2 to 4 higher than during solar maximum, but we contend that this is likely the result of having a different admixture of high-latitude sources.

Smith, Charles
Annalysis of Multi-Dimensional Correlation Functions at Small Scales in the Solar Wind
Charles W. Smith, Bernard J. Vasquez, and Matthew R. Stemkowski/ University of New Hampshire
Single-spacecraft techniques for the determination of multi-dimensional correlation functions in the solar wind were pioneered by Matthaeus et al. (1990). Their production of the so-called "Maltese Cross" result shows that magnetic fluctuations near the correlation scale at 1 AU are divided into two components: quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular wave vectors. A later refinement by Dasso et al. (2005) revealed that the two components were largely separated according to wind speed with the slow wind possessing largely perpendicular wave vectors and the fast wind possessing largely parallel wave vectors. We carry this analysis to smaller scales to study inertial- and dissipation-range correlation functions and test those observations against recent theories and interpretations of observations. We find that the small scales within the inertial range are largely an admixture of the two types without regard for wind speed that is dominated slightly by perpendicular wave vectors. Dissipation range scales show a dominance of field-aligned, or parallel, wave vectors consistent with previous claims that dissipation preferentially removes the perpendicular component.

Smith, Edward
Large deviations of the magnetic field direction inside CRRs from the Parker spiral: A test of the Schwadron model
Edward J Smith, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology CRRs (Corotating Rarefaction Regions) are major solar wind structures originating at the edges of polar coronal holes (PCH) where the speed changes from fast to slow. A distinctive feature is a large departure (tens of degrees) of the magnetic field from the Parker spiral in favor of a more radial direction. A model describing this behavior, developed by N. Schwadron, postulates that the speed along the field lines changes from fast to slow as they cross the PCH boundary. Such a variation is distinctly different from the constant speed along field lines that is characteristic of the Parker model. A sample calculation using reasonable assumed parameters has demonstrated the plausibility of the model. To further assess its authenticity, measurements within a group of CRRs have been carefully compared with model predictions. The objectives are, first, to determine the extent to which the model accounts for the deviations within different CRRs and, second, to derive important PCH parameters such as the width of the boundary and the velocity gradient across it. The results of this study will be reported.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Song, Hong-Qiang
H.Q. Song, Shandong University at Weihai (SDU) Y. Chen, SDU G. Li, University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) & SDU X.L. Kong, SDU & UAH S.W. Feng, SDU

Coalescence of magnetic islands and electron acceleration

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental plasma process. Recent theoretical studies and numerical simulations suggested that electrons can be efficiently accelerated when magnetic islands coalesce and/or contract. We report in this presentation the observation of a macroscopic magnetic island coalescence and a possible contraction, together with the associated electron acceleration. Our observation of the magnetic island coalescence is supported by a 2.5 D numerical simulation.

TenBarge, Jason
Collisionless Dissipation of Kinetic Plasma Turbulence
Jason M TenBarge, University of Iowa
Turbulence is the primary mechanism responsible for transferring energy injected at large scales to small scales at which electromagnetic energy is dissipated and irreversible heating occurs. The two dominant candidate processes responsible for dissipating electromagnetic energy in a weakly collisional plasma are linear wave-particle interactions and dissipation in intermittent structures, e.g., current sheets. We present the results of a suite of three-dimensional, non-linear gyrokinetic simulations resolving scales from the inertial range to well below the electron gyroradius. The simulations employ parameters comparable to solar wind plasmas and produce spectra in quantitative agreement with a large ensemble of high sampling rate spacecraft data. By focusing on electron dissipation, we are able to demonstrate that dissipation in current sheets is subdominant to linear wave-particle interactions. We also present scaling arguments that suggest dissipation in small-scale current sheets is exaggerated in both fluid (MHD and HMHD) and 2D hybrid simulations.

Tian, Hui
Hui Tian, NCAR Scott W. McIntosh, NCAR Chuanyi Tu, Peking Univ. Eckart Marsch, MPS Jiansen He, Peking Univ. Hugh E. Potts, Univ. of Glasgow

Observational studies of mass supply to the solar wind and corona

We have investigated possible mass supply to the corona and solar wind through observations. (1) We have found apparent supergranule-scale horizontal motions in TRACE UV passbands, indicating possibly the existence of a supergranule-scale magnetoconvection in the chromosphere and consistent with the scenario of chromospheric loops being swept by such a convection flow to network boundaries to feed the solar wind, as suggested by Tu et al. (Science, 2005). (2) SUMER observations revealed a blue shift of about 5 km/s for Ne VIII emission lines in coronal holes. With EIS observations, we further found patches of significant blueshift on Dopplergrams of coronal lines. The blue shift increases with temperature, possibly indicating the initial acceleration of the fast solar wind. The Doppler pattern supports the scenario of solar wind outflow being guided by gradually merged magnetic funnels. (3) SDO/AIA observations reveal unprecedented details in CH and QS regions. We have found that plume-like structures are not only present in polar coronal holes, but also in equatorial coronal holes and quiet-Sun regions. Ubiquitous episodic coronal outflows (jets) with an average speed around 120 km/s are clearly present. Furthermore, the structures traced out by these flows continually exhibit transverse (Alfvenic) motion. These outflows are likely to be an efficient means to provide heated mass into the corona and serve as an important source of mass supply to the solar wind.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Tian, Hui
Hui Tian, NCAR Luca Teriaca, MPS Werner Curdt, MPS Jean-Claude Vial, Universite de Paris XI

HYDROGEN Ly AND Ly RADIANCES AND PROFILES IN POLAR CORONAL HOLES

The hydrogen Ly plays a dominant role in the radiative energy transport in the lower transition region, and is important for the studies of transition-region structure as well as solar wind origin. We investigate the Ly profiles obtained by the Solar Ultraviolet Measurement of Emitted Radiation spectrograph on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory spacecraft in coronal holes and the quiet Sun. In a subset of these observations, the Hi Ly, Si iii, and Ovi lines were also (quasi-)simultaneously recorded. We find that the distances between the two peaks of Ly profiles are larger in coronal holes than in the quiet Sun, indicating a larger opacity in coronal holes. This difference might result from the different magnetic structures or the different radiation fields in the two regions. Most of the Ly profiles in the coronal hole have a stronger blue peak, in contrast to those in quiet-Sun regions while in both regions the Ly profiles are stronger in the blue peak. Although the asymmetries are likely to be produced by differential flows in the solar atmosphere, their detailed formation processes are still unclear. The radiance ratio between Ly and Ly decreases toward the limb in the coronal hole, which might be due to the different opacity of the two lines. We also find that the radiance distributions of the four lines are set by a combined effect of limb brightening and the different emission level between coronal holes and the quiet Sun.

Usmanov, Arcadi
Arcadi V. Usmanov, University of Delaware/NASA GSFC Melvyn L. Goldstein, NASA GSFC William H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware

Three-dimensional, three-fluid MHD modeling of the solar wind with turbulence transport and heating

We have developed a fully three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic solar wind model that incorporates transport of turbulence and treats solar wind protons, electrons, and interstellar pickup protons as separate fluids. Numerical solutions of mean-field Reynolds-averaged solar wind equations coupled with turbulence transport equations are constructed by a time relaxation method in the region from 0.3 to 100 AU (but still inside the termination shock). The model equations include the effects of electron heat conduction, Coulomb collisions, photoionization of interstellar hydrogen atoms and their charge exchange with solar wind protons, turbulence energy generation by pickup protons, and turbulent heating of solar wind protons and electrons. The turbulence transport model is based on the Reynolds decomposition and averaging and uses turbulence phenomenologies to describe the conversion of fluctuation energy into heat via a turbulent cascade. We compute the global structure of the solar wind plasma, magnetic field, and turbulence throughout the heliosphere and compare the results with Ulysses and Voyager 2 observations.

Vandas, Marek
E. Romashets, Prairie View A&M University M. Vandas, Astronomical Institute, Prague

Magnetic field disturbance in front of a super-sonic toroidal magnetic cloud

Magnetic clouds are usually interpreted as manifestations of large interplanetary magnetic flux ropes, which have a loop like shape. Passages of magnetic clouds near Earth have impacts on geomagnetic activity and strongest geomagnetic storms are caused by very fast, super-sonic magnetic clouds. An analytical model is presented of a fast moving magnetic cloud with a bow shock ahead. The magnetic cloud is treated as a toroid. The model describes magnetic field structure in the area between the bow shock and the cloud's boundary (magnetosheath). Our approach to the problem is to set a priori a bow shock surface, which is determined by a number of parameters to be found when interpreting a given event. Then magnetic field is constructed from the following constrains: the normal component is continuous across the bow shock and absent on the boundary; additionally, there is also a co-planarity condition to be fulfilled on the boundary.

Vasquez, Bernard
Sergei A. Markovskii, University of New Hampshire Bernard J. Vasquez, University of New Hampshire

Magnetic Helicity of Strong 2D Turbulence in the Dissipation Range

Hybrid numerical simulations of freely decaying 2D turbulence are presented. The background magnetic field is perpendicular to the simulation plane, which eliminates linear kinetic Alfven waves from the system. The normalized magnetic helicity of the initial large-scale fluctuations is zero, while the normalized cross-helicity is not. As the turbulence evolves, it develops non-zero magnetic helicity at smaller scales, in the proton kinetic range. In the quasi-steady state of evolution, the magnetic helicity spectrum is correlated with that of the cross-helicity. As a result, the magnetic helicity spectrum is affected by two opposite trends. On the one hand, the magnetic helicity tends to increase to larger values for larger proton beta. On the other hand, the cross-helicity spectrum is confined to larger scales for larger proton beta, thereby limiting the values of the magnetic helicity.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Velli, Marco
Lorenzo Matteini, Simone Landi, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, University of Florence Marco Velli, JPL, California Institute of Technology William Matthaeus, Bartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware
In situ measurements show that the solar wind plasma is far from thermodynamical equilibrium and nonthermal distribution functions characterized by a temperature anisotropy, with respect to the direction of the local magnetic field, are constantly observed. Such an anisotropy can be the source of free energy for kinetic instabilities that play a role in the isotropization of the plasma and constrain the local thermodynamics. Moreover, they give rise to electromagnetic fluctuations that can importantly affect the dynamical evolution of the system. We report a study of the development of anisotropy driven instabilities in an inhomogeneous plasma in the presence of current sheets by means of 2-D hybrid simulations. The role of anisotropic protons and related kinetic instabilities on the current sheets stability and reconnection processes are discussed.

Proton temperature anisotropy and current sheet stability: 2-D hybrid simulations

Verdini, Andrea
Andrea Verdini, Royal Observatory of Belgium Roland Grappin, Observatoire de Paris

Transition from weak to strong cascade in MHD turbulence

The transition from weak to strong turbulence when passing from large to small scales in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence with guide field is a cornerstone of anisotropic turbulence theory. We present the first check of this transition, using the Shell-RMHD which combines a shell model of perpendicular nonlinear coupling and linear propagation along the guide field. This model allows to reach Reynolds numbers around 10^6. We obtain surprisingly good agreement with the theoretical predictions, with a reduced perpendicular energy spectrum scaling as k^-2 at large scales and as k^-5/3 at small scales, where critical balance between nonlinear and propagation time is reached. However, even in the strong regime, a high level of excitation is found in the weak coupling region of Fourier space, which is due to the rich frequency spectrum of large eddies. A corollary is that the reduced parallel spectral slope is not a definite test of the spectral anisotropy, contrary to standard belief.

Verdini, Andrea
Andrea Verdini, Royal Observatory of Belgium Roland Grappin, Observatoire de Paris Rui Pinto, CEA/Irfu Marco Velli, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

On the origin of the 1/ f spectrum in the solar wind magnetic field

We present a mechanism for the formation of the low frequency 1/f magnetic spectrum based on numerical solutions of a shellRMHD model of the turbulent dynamics inside the sub-Alfvnic solar wind. We assign reasonably realistic profiles to the wind speed and the density along the radial direction, and a radial magnetic field. Alfvn waves of short periodicity (600 s) are injected in the chromosphere, penetrate into the corona and are partially reflected, thus triggering a turbulent cascade. The cascade is strong for the reflected wave while it is weak for the outward propagating waves. At the Alfvnic critical point the magnetic field has a perpendicular power-law spectrum with slope close to the Kolmogorov 5/3. The parallel spectrum is inherited from the frequency spectrum of large (perpendicular) eddies. The shape is a double power-law with slopes of about 1 and 2 at low and high frequencies respectively, the position of the break depending on the injected spectrum. We suggest that the double powerlaw spectrum measured by Helios at 0.3 AU, where the average magnetic field is not aligned with the radial (contrary to our assumptions) results from the combination of such different spectral slopes. At low frequency the parallel spectrum dominates with its characteristic 1/f shape, while at higher frequencies its steep spectral slope (2) is masked by the more energetic perpendicular spectrum (slope 5/3).

Verkhoglyadova, Olga
O. P. Verkhoglyadova, G. Li, X. Ao and G. P. Zank, CSPAR, UAH, Huntsville, AL and Department of Physics, UAH, Huntsville, AL

Radial dependence of SEP heavy ion fluxes and composition (Fe/O ratio): modeling with the PATH code

We model heavy ion fluxes (Fe and CNO ions), peak fluxes and relative abundances in large SEP events. The Particle Acceleration and Transport in the Heliosphere (PATH) code is used to model the acceleration and transport of heavy ions at CME shock from 0.2 to 2 AU. Both solar wind suprathermals and flare particles (for mixed SEP events) are considered to contribute to the seed population. The model includes diffusive shock acceleration at a shock with an arbitrary angle between the upstream magnetic field and the shock normal. The particle perpendicular diffusion coefficient at an evolving oblique shock is calculated based on the NLGC theory. The transport of particles escaping from the shock is modeled with a Monte Carlo approach. Time-intensity profiles and spectra for Fe and CNO ions are modeled for oblique, quasi-parallel and quasiperpendicular shocks. The evolution of heavy ion abundances in an SEP event at different heliocentric distances is studied. We discuss the physical implications of our results.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Wan, Minping
M. Wan, University of Delaware, W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware, K. Osman, University of Warwick S. Oughton, University of Waikato A. F. Rappazzo, University of Delaware R. Chhiber, University of Delaware

A refined similarity hypothesis for magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and its implications for solar wind

Kolmogorov's refined similarity hypotheses (KRSH) for high-Reynolds-number hydrodynamic (HD) turbulence connects the statistics of velocity increments to the local average of energy dissipation, recognizing the intermittency of dissipation. These hypotheses have been widely recognized and tested in HD turbulence, and they have also been shown to hold true for other stochastic processes. Here we extended Kolmogorov's hypotheses to high-Reynolds-number magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) by proposing a form with mixed elsasser variables. This extension is examined with high-resolution simulations of MHD turbulence and compared with results from hydrodynamic turbulence simulations. Its implications in solar wind are discussed with comparing the temperature signals in the vicinity and far away from discontinuous current sheet-like structures.

Wan, Minping
M. Wan, University of Delaware K. Osman, University of Warwick W. H. Matthaeus, University of Delaware S. Servidio, University of Calabria S. Oughton, New Zealand P. Dmitruk, University of Buenos Aires

The third-order law for anisotropic magnetohydrodynamics and its application in solar wind

Turbulence is a universal nonlinear fluid phenomenon which acts to transfer dynamical energy between scales. The solar wind provides a natural laboratory for the study of plasma turbulence, where the framework of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) has been successful in describing magnetic and velocity field fluctuations at scales greater than the ion inertial length. Recently, the classical third-order law which relates the third-order structure function to the energy dissipation for homogeneous incompressible MHD has been extended to the anisotropic MHD with a mean DC magnetic field or/and a constant shear [1, 2], aiming its application in solar wind for the accurate estimation of energy dissipation rate[3, 4]. In this work, the anisotropic thirdorder law is further investigated with MHD simulations in both two and three dimensions. In particular the angular dependence of the third-order vector flux function is analyzed for anisotropic MHD simulations with a mean magnetic field at different strength. The results are compared with analysis of solar wind observation data with multi-spacecraft measurements [5]. [1] M. Wan, et al., Phys. of Plasmas, 16, 090703(2009) [2] M. Wan, et al., Phys. of Plasmas, 17, 052307(2010) [3] L. Sorriso-Valvo, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett, 99, 115001(2007) [4] B. T. MacBride, et al., Astrophys. J. 679, 1644 (2008) [5] K. T. Osman, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 107, 165001(2011)

Wang, Linghua
Quiet-time Interplanetary ~2-20keV Superhalo Electrons at Solar Minimum
Linghua Wang, Robert P. Lin, Chadi Salem and Marc Pulupa, University of California, Berkeley
We present a statistical survey of ~2-20 keV superhalo electrons in the solar wind measured by the SupraThermal Electron (STE) instrument onboard the two STEREO spacecraft, during quiet-time periods from March 2007 through March 2009 at solar minimum. The observed superhalo electrons have a nearly isotropic angular distribution and a power-law spectrum, f ~ v^-, ranging from v^-5 to v^-8.7, with the average index of 6.690.90. The observed power-law spectrum varies significantly on a spatial scale of >~0.1 AU and temporal scale of ~days to solar cycle. The integrated density of quiet-time superhalo electrons at 2-20 keV ranges from ~10^-8 cm^-3 to 10^-6 cm^-3, about 10^-9 - 10^-6 of the solar wind density, and it, as well as the powerlaw spectrum, has no correlation with the solar wind proton density, velocity or temperature. The density of superhalo electrons appears to show a solar-cycle variation at solar minimum, while the power-law spectral index has no solar-cycle variation. The origin of these quiet-time superhalo electrons remains unclear, but since they are present even in the absence of any solar activity, they may be due to nonthermal electrons from nanoflares or to resonant wave-particle interactions in the corona or interplanetary space.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Wang, Xin
Xin Wang, Peking University Jiansen He, Peking Universiy Chuanyi Tu, Peking University Eckart Marsch, MPS

Large-Amplitude Alfven Wave in Interplanetary Space: the WIND Spacecraft Observations

We present, for the first time, measurements of arc-polarized velocity variations together with magnetic field variations associated with a large-amplitude Alfven wave as observed by the Wind satellite. The module of the magnetic field variance is larger than the magnitude of the average magnetic field, indicating the large amplitude of these fluctuations. When converting to the deHoffmanTeller frame, we find that the magnetic field and velocity vector components, in the plane perpendicular to the minimum-variance direction of the magnetic field, are arc-polarized, and their tips almost lie on the same circle. We also find that the normalized cross helicity and Alfven ratio of the wave are both nearly equal to unity, a result which has not been reported in previous studies at 1 AU. It is worthy to stress here that pure Alfven waves can also exist in the solar wind even near the Earth at 1 AU, but not only near 0.3 AU. Further study could be done to help us know more about the properties of pure Alfven wave at 1 AU that could not be figured out easily before because of the contaminations (e.g., Alfven waves propagating in different directions, magnetic structures, and other compressional waves) on previously reported Alfven wave cases.

Wang, Xin
Temperature Dependence of UV Line Parameters in Network and Internetwork Regions of the Quiet Sun and Coronal holes
Xin Wang, Peking University & NCAR/HAO Scott W. McIntosh, NCAR/HAO Hui Tian, NCAR/HAO

By using observations of SUMER on board the SOHO spacecraft, we study the temperature dependence of the Doppler shift, non-thermal width in network and internetwork regions for both the quiet Sun (QS) and the coronal hole (CH). In network regions, most of the transition region (TR) line profiles are more red shifted (by 0-5km/s) and narrower (by 1-6km/s) in QS than in CH. Our results suggest that the mass cycle between the chromosphere and corona mainly occurs in the network and one needs to separate network and internetwork when discussing thermal and dynamic properties of the solar atmosphere. In addition, a three-component toy model is built to explain the temperature dependence of the line parameters, which includes a rapid, weak upflow generated in the lower atmosphere, a nearly static background, and a slow cooling downflow. The agreement between the results of the observation and our model suggests that the temperature dependence of Doppler shifts and line widths might be caused by the different relative contributions of the three components at different temperatures and will shed a new light on our understanding of the complex chromosphere-coronal mass cycle.

Wang, Xin
Xin Wang, Peking University & NCAR/HAO Scott W. McIntosh, NCAR/HAO Hui Tian, NCAR/HAO

What causes the depth of coronal holes?

We explore the causes of different depth (darkness, or degree of mass depletion) in different equatorial coronal holes (ECHs). Using the observations made by AIA, HMI and EVE on board SDO, we investigate how the darkness/brightness of ECHs varies in the 304, 171, 193 and 211 passbands with the underlying photospheric magnetic field. We choose some ECHs that last at least 3 solar rotations to do the analysis. To compare AIA images obtained at different time, we first calibrate each AIA image by multiplying a factor determined by the ratio of the integrated EVE intensity over the wavelength band of each AIA channel and the disk integrated AIA intensity. The 211A images are used to identify the ECH boundaries. Then, the magnetic range of influence (MRoI), a measure of the degree of magnetic imbalance, is computed from the full disk and full resolution HMI line-ofsight magnetograms. Its obvious that the locations with larger MRoI coincide very well with the hole regions. We study the spatial distribution of the intensity and the underlying magnetism (including the signed flux, the unsigned flux and the MRoI) in the ECHs, and find that generally the patches with stronger unsigned field and larger MRoI are darker. The analysis is repeated for the same ECH in several rotations, when its close to the disk center. In each day, we obtain an average intensity, an average unsigned magnetic flux and an average MRoI of the ECH. We suggest that the flux imbalance could be potentially used for automatic detection of coronal holes. The flux imbalance is also likely to be closely related to the depth of coronal holes.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Washimi, Haruichi
Modeling the Dynamic Outer Heliosphere and Comparison Analysis with Voyager Observed High-Energy Electron Fluxes

Haruichi Washimi, CSPAR, University of Alabama in Huntsville William R. Webber, Department of Astronomy, New Mexico State University in Las Cruces Gary P. Zank, CSPAR, University of Alabama in Huntsville Qiang Hu, CSPAR, University of Alabama in Huntsville Vladimir Florinski, CSPAR, University of Alabama in Huntsville Takashi Tanaka, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University James Adams, NASA-MSFC Yuki Kubo, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology in Japan

We develop a dynamic outer heliospheric model that satisfies both the Voyager 1 (V1) and Voyager 2 (V2) observed crossing times and locations with the termination shock (TS) simultaneously by performing 3D MHD simulations that include the effects of neutral particles. Daily values of solar-wind speed and density observed by V2 are used so that short-term dynamical effects are reproduced. The Voyager observed electrons of 6-14 MeV in the heliosheath which showed several significant enhancements of the electron flux. We compare these temporal electron flux variations with dynamical phenomena in the heliosheath that are obtained from our MHD simulations. Our simulations indicate that all electron flux enhancements, except one, correspond fairly well to the times when a magnetosonic (MS) pulse was driven downstream of the TS due to collision of interplanetary shock, or shock driven MS pulse and its reflection in the heliosheath that either passed V1, or collided with the TS or with the plasmasheet which is located very near the heliopause. This result suggests that these variations in the electron flux should correspond to either direct or indirect effects of MS pulses in the heliosheath driven by interplanetary shocks. The scale of the heliosphere is estimated by comparing V1 observed magnetic field intensity with simulated intensity which suggests that V1 is possibly located near the heliopause within 4-8 AU at the present time.

Webb, Gary
G. M. Webb, CSPAR, UAH, J.F. McKenzie, CSPAR, UAH, G.P. Zank, Dept. of Physics,and CSPAR, UAH, Q. Hu, Dept. of Physics,and CSPAR, UAH
Alfven wave mixing equations used in locally incompressible turbulence transport equations in the solar wind are analyzed from the perspective of linear wave theory. A Green's formula is developed for the wave mixing equations, in which the formal solution of boundary value and initial value problems for the wave mixing equations are given in terms of the adjoint Green's functions. The linear wave mixing equations with no sources are expressed in terms of variational principles, and conservation laws of the equations are obtained. We discuss the physical wave energy equation and the canonical wave energy equation for non-WKB Alfven waves and the WKB limit. We discuss the possible use of Green's formulas in turbulence transport in the solar wind.

Alfven Wave Mixing in the Solar Wind

Wicks, Robert
R. T. Wicks, D. A. Roberts, GSFC L. Matteini, Arcetri B. Goldstein, JPL T. S. Horbury, Imperial College P. Hellinger, Astronomical Institute

Spectra and helicity of magnetic fluctuations excited by temperature anisotropy instabilities in the solar wind.

Solar wind proton distributions often exhibit temperature anisotropy. Large or small temperature anisotropy can excite kinetic instabilities. The existence of the instabilities is inferred from the boundaries of the distribution of data in the temperature anisotropy vs parallel plasma beta plane, as well as in-situ observations of mirror and ion cyclotron modes. Here, we observe the properties of fluctuations in the solar wind magnetic field at the unstable boundaries of the temperature anisotropy vs parallel beta plane, showing that it is actually these instabilities that act. We use newly re-analyzed Ulysses SWOOPS data to provide temperature anisotropy observations during 200 days of polar fast wind. Simultaneous high cadence magnetometer data allows us to use wavelets to bin the magnetic field data by scale, temperature anisotropy, plasma beta and angle to the magnetic field direction. This allows us to observe k-spectra of magnetic fluctuations at times when the particle distribution should be stable, or unstable, to the parallel fire hose, oblique fire hose, mirror and ion cyclotron instabilities. Thus we observe the anisotropic power spectra, magnetic helicity and field-parallel component of these instabilities and compare them to the theoretical predictions for the instabilities. We find a close agreement and conclude that these four instabilities act to restrict the temperature anisotropy of adiabatically expanding solar wind particle distributions.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Wicks, Robert
D. Aaron Roberts, NASA GSFC Robert T. Wicks, NASA GSFC

Solar Wind Fluctuations: Not Your Grandmothers Turbulence

For a while it seemed like a simple fluid-like, self-similar, Kolomogoroff cascade was the easy explanation for the nature and evolution of the majority of solar wind fluctuations. More recently we have found that the cascade is not stirred at large scales; the velocity and magnetic spectra evolve differently with different inertial ranges in both slope (until far from the Sun) and wavenumber range (everywhere); anisotropy in both variances and spectral characteristics are the order of the day and are strongly scale dependent; and it is not clear what fraction of the fluctuations should be considered to be turbulent as opposed to, for example, convected structures. This talk will review some recent results in these areas, and attempt to characterize where we are in our understanding.

Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert
Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, CAU Kiel, Germany, Javier Rodriguez-Pacheco, UAH, Spain, Eino Valtonen, UTU, Finland, Rami Vainio, UHE, Finland, Glenn Mason, George Ho, JHU, USA, Sebatian Sanchez, Juan Jose Blanco, Manuel Prieto, UAH, Spain, Cesar Martin, Shrinivasrao Kulkarni, Victor de Manuel-Gonzalez, Soenke Burmeister, Stephan Boettcher, CAU, Germany
ESA's Solar Orbiter, scheduled for launch in January 2017, will carry on it a suite of optimized Energetic Particle Detectors, EPD, to answer the question "How do solar eruptions produce energetic particle radiation that fills the heliosphere?". To do so, EPD will measure protons (electrons) covering the energy range from 3 (2) keV to 100 (20) MeV and 8 keV/nuc to typically 200 MeV/nuc for ions. In addition, EPD will be sensitive to energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) from 3 keV to roughly 30 keV. To cover this wide energy range and assure sufficient pitch-angle coverage on the three-axis stabilzed Solar Orbiter, five different sensors will be distributed across the spacecraft leading to a total of 18 partially overlapping fields of view. The SupraThermal Electron Ion and Neutral (STEIN) sensor will measure from 3 (2) keV up to 100 keV in the sunward and anti-sunward direction along the nominal orbit-average Parker spiral. The Electron Proton Telescope covers 60 (20) keV to 7 MeV (500 keV) and shares its electronics box with the High Energy Telescope (HET). Two such sensors point in four directions. The Low Energy Telescope covers protons (ions) from 1.5 MeV (1.5 MeV/nuc) up to 20 (60 MeV/nuc) with six FOVs. The Suprathermal Ion Spectrograph will measure ions from 50 keV/nuc to 5 MeV/nuc in the field-aligned sunward and anti-sunward directions. Thus, EPD will provide the measurements needed to determine the source population and the accelerated particles in the relevant energy range for various acceleration mechanisms thought to be active at or near the Sun. We will address both the status of EPD as well as the science questions addressed.

The Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) Suite for Solar Orbiter

Yao, Shuo
The angle distribution of the possible small scale pressure-balanced structures in the solar wind
Shuo Yao, China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Chuanyi Tu, Peking University Jiansen He, Peking University

In order to improve the previous study on the identification of possible small scale pressure-balanced structures, this work is aimed to reveal the formation mechanism of the pressure-balanced structures(PBSs) in the solar wind. This work applies the wavelet coherence spectrum analysis on the electron density(Ne) and the magnetic field strength(B) measurements and reconstruct the coherence spectrum according to the angle(Theta_vB) between the local mean magnetic field vector of each scale and the solar radial direction. From the analysis, the angle distribution of the possible small scale PBSs could be revealed, as the anti-correlation between Ne and B indicates the existence of PBSs. From the WIND measurements in the solar wind at 1 AU, the anti-correlation between electron density and the magnetic field strength is observed mainly with angle Theta_vB close to 90 at scales from 50s to 200s. Meanwhile, the anti-correlation and the positive correlation of the electron density and the magnetic field strength are almost simultaneously identified in the wavelet coherence spectrum, which may be the in situ evidence for the superposition of PBSs and the fast mode waves. Thus, this work shows that the angle distribution of the possible small scale PBSs and identifies the coexistence of PBSs and fast mode waves in the solar wind at 1AU.

Yu, Hsiu-Shan
The 3D Analysis of Polar Jets Using Images from LASCO C2 and STEREO COR2 Coronagraphs and the Solar Mass Ejection Imager
Hsiu-Shan Yu, Bernard V. Jackson, John M. Clover, and Andrew Buffington, Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.

The high cadence X-ray images taken by the X-ray Telescope onboard Hinode and the Solar Dynamics Observatory Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument provide an opportunity to observe solar jetting activity. The brightest of these polar jets show a positive correlation with high-speed responses traced into the interplanetary medium. LASCO C2 and STEREO COR2 coronagraph images allow measurements of the coronal response to some of these jets, and the nearby background solar wind velocity giving a determination of their speeds and energies that we compare with Hinode and AIA observations. By using the full SMEI (Solar Mass Ejection Imager) image data set, we are able to track these same high speed solar jet responses into the inner heliosphere in order to determine the extent to which they retain their identity at large solar distances.

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Poster Abstracts

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Yu, Wenyuan
Wenyuan Yu, UNH Charles J. Farrugia, UNH Antoinette B. Galvin, UNH Emilia Kilpua, University of Helsinki Noe' Lugaz, UNH Kristin Simunac, UNH Janet Luhmann, Berkeley Andrea Opitz, CESR Jean-Andre Sauvaud, CESR

Small Transients in the Solar Wind: STEREO-A Observations in 2009

Year 2009 was the last year of a long and pronounced solar activity minimum. The solar wind in the inner heliosphere in 20072009 had a weaker -than-average magnetic field strength. Further, in 2009 slow solar wind streams were relatively more frequent. We choose this year to present the results of a systematic search for small solar wind transients observed by the STEREO-Ahead probe. The data are from the PLASTIC and IMPACT instruments. By a ``small transient'' we use an operational definition based on an event duration of ~1 to 10 hours. The parameters we search for to identify transients are (i) the total field strength; (ii) the rotation of the magnetic field vector, (iii) the variance of the field; (iv) proton temperature, (v) proton beta, and (vi) Alfven Mach number. Pitch angle distributions of suprathermal electrons from IMPACT/SWEA are used to infer magnetic connectivity or otherwise to the Sun. Our statistical results are then compared with (i) those of small transients observed at 1 AU by L1 monitors, and (ii) other work on transients of any size but also at solar minimum. This work is meant as a contribution to recent efforts to understand the origin of the slow solar wind.

Yu, Wenyuan
Charles J. Farrugia, UNH Wenyuan Yu, UNH Antoinette B. Galvin, UNH Noe' Lugaz, UNH Roy B. Torbert, UNH Adam Szabo, UNH

A Planar Interplanetary Structure Embedded in a Small Solar Wind Transient

We describe a small (~3 hours long) transient in the solar wind observed by Wind and ACE, in which is embedded a small filament. At this very cold filament (Tp ~ 2 x 10^4 K), which lasts for ~40 min, the bulk speed decreases. We examine it by minimum variance analysis using high resolution magnetic field (~11 Hz) and find it to be planar to an excellent approximation (ratio of intermediate-to-minimum eigenvalues = 83) and there is no indication of a two-component field (flux rope) in minimum variance coordinates. The structure starts with a very sharp discontinuity whose orientation coincides within a couple of degrees with that of the structure itself. We find that this discontinuity has a bifurcated magnetic field and plasma flow structure. Applying a Walen relation test to the discontinuity, we find good agreement of predictions with observations. Using also the observations from ACE, we show directly the presence of two Alfven waves propagating in opposite directions. The observation may be consistent with the presence of a reconnection region within the larger transient.

Zank, Gary
G.P. Zank, University of Alabama in Huntsville Nazirah Jetha, University of Alabama in Huntsville Qiang Hu, University of Alabama in Huntsville P. Hunana, Goddard Space Flight Center

The Transport of Density Fluctuations throughout the Solar Wind

The solar wind is often described as an excellent example of a turbulent plasma, and, at least in the low frequency regime, is described on the basis of incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Incompressible MHD can of course only describe the behavior of the magnetic field and velocity fluctuations but, despite their constant presence in the solar wind, cannot describe low-frequency density fluctuations. With the development of nearly incompressible MHD in an expanding flow, we can derive a transport equation for low-frequency density fluctuations in the solar wind. For the first time, we can show that low-frequency density fluctuations behave like a passive scalar in the turbulent solar wind, that in the absence of driving the variance in the density fluctuations decays as a power law in heliocentric distance with an exponent of -4, which changes over to approximately -3 until about 15 AU, and then flattens to an almost constant value beyond. This is consistent with the observations presented by Bellamy et al., 2005. The reasons for the changes in decay rate correspond to the presence of driving by stream shear and shocks with about 10 20 AU and to the increasingly important role of pickup ions beyond the ionization cavity. These results are consistent with transport models that describe the evolution of the fluctuating magnetic field variance beyond 1 AU.

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,201

POSTERABSTRACTS
Zhao, Liang
Sarah E. Gibson, NCAR/HAO Lennard A. Fisk, University of Michigan

Implications of coronal magnetic structure for solar wind at cycle minimum

The complex magnetic morphology in solar cycle 23-24 minimum resulted in a very complex solar wind structure, with fast and slow wind observed at many latitudes. In this study, we analyze solar wind proton speed, proton density and electron temperature (indicated by ionic composition O7+/O6+ ratio) from the Ulysses observation in these two solar minima. Using a ballistic mapping method, we calculate the normal distance (Ds) from the solar wind source point to the Heliospheric Current Sheet (HCS) on 2.5 solar radii (Rs) surface, and then we evaluate the relationship between Ds and the solar wind dynamic parameters, such as proton speed, density, and electron temperature, in the two minima. We find the concept of a simple solarminimum solar wind configuration, of hot, slow and dense wind from the boundaries of a HCS-associated helmet streamer, and cold, fast and sparse wind emanating from the polar coronal holes and filling most of the heliosphere, is incomplete in this recent solar cycle 23-24 minimum. Indeed, hot, slow solar wind is not only observed near the HCS around the solar ecliptic plane, but also at high latitudes (far away from the HCS). Interestingly, those hot and slow high-latitude winds have significantly lower density than the HCS-streamer-associated wind. We discuss the relation between this slow, hot, sparse wind and mid-latitude coronal holes and "pseudostreamers".

Zuccarello, Francesco
The role of streamers in the deflection of CMEs: comparison between STEREO 3D reconstructions and numerical simulations
F. P. Zuccarello C. Jacobs, S. Poedts CPA, KULeuven A. Bemporad, INAF, Torino M. Mierla, Institute of Geodynamics, Bucharest F. Zuccarello UCT

On 2009 September 21 a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) was observed by thecoronographs on board of the STEREO spacecraft. The CME originated from the southern hemisphere and showed a deflection of more than 30 degrees towards the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) during the propagation in the COR1 field-of-view (FOV). The aim of this work is to provide a physical explanation for the strong deflection of the CME observed on 2009 September 21. The two sided view of the STEREO spacecraft allows to reconstruct the three dimensional (3D) travel path of the CME and the evolution of the CME source region. The observations are combined with an MHD simulation, starting from a magnetic field configuration closely resembling the extrapolated potential field for that date. By applying localized shearing motions a CME is initiated in the simulation, showing a similar non-radial evolution, structure, and velocity as the observed event. The CME gets deflected towards the current sheeth of the larger northern helmet streamer, due to an imbalance in the magnetic pressure and tension forces and finally it gets absorbed into the streamer. This study shows that during solar minima, even CMEs originating from high latitude can be easily deflected towards the heliospheric current sheet eventually resulting in geoeffective events. How rapidly they undergo this latitudinal migration depends on the strength of both the large scale coronal magnetic field and the magnetic flux of the erupting filament.

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Poster Abstracts

Poster Abstracts

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ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Ahluwalia,Harjit ............................................UniversityofNewMexico,Physics&Astronomy,MSC074220,Albuquerque, NM,871311156,UnitedStates,hsa@unm.edu Antiochos,Spiro.............................................NASA/GSFC,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates,spiro.antiochos@nasa.gov Ao,Xianzhi .....................................................CSPAR/UAH,320SparkmanDr.,Huntsville,AL,35805,UnitedStates, xianzhi.ao@uah.edu Arge,Charles..................................................AFRL,RVBXS,Albuquerque,NM,871175776,UnitedStates, nick.arge@kirtland.af.mil Bale,Stuart ....................................................UCBerkeley,SpaceSciencesLaboratory,Berkeley,CA,94720,UnitedStates, bale@ssl.berkeley.edu Barghouty,A. .................................................NASAMarshallSpaceFlightCenter,Hunstville,AL,35805,UnitedStates, abdulnasser.f.barghouty@nasa.gov Bastian,Tim ...................................................NationalRadioAstronomyObservatory,Charlottesville,VA,22903,United States,tbastian@nrao.edu Berger,Lars....................................................CAUKiel,Kiel,24118,Germany,berger@physik.unikiel.de BlancoCano,Xochitl......................................InstitutodeGeofisica,UNAM,CienciasEspaciales,MexicoDF,16020,Mexico, xbc@geofisica.unam.mx Boldyrev,Stanislav.........................................UniversityofWisconsinMadison,Madison,WI,53711,UnitedStates, boldyrev@wisc.edu Broiles,Thomas .............................................UniversityofTexasSanAntonio/SouthwestResearchInstitute,SpaceScience andEngineeringDivision,SanAntonio,TX,78238,UnitedStates, tbroiles@swri.edu Bucik,Radoslav ..............................................MPIfuerSonnensystemforschung,KatlenburgLindau,37191,Germany, bucik@mps.mpg.de Burrows,Ross ................................................CSPAR,320SparkmanDrive,Hunstville,AL,35805,UnitedStates, rhb0002@uah.edu Cairns,Iver .....................................................UniversityofSydney,Sydney,2006,Australia,cairns@physics.usyd.edu.au Cartwright,Megan.........................................UCBerkeley,Oakland,CA,94612,UnitedStates,mcartwright@ssl.berkeley.edu Case,Anthony................................................SmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory,Cambridge,MA,02138,UnitedStates, tonycase@cfa.harvard.edu Chandran,Benjamin ......................................UniversityofNewHampshire,Physics,Durham,NH,038243525,UnitedStates, benjamin.chandran@unh.edu
- 131 Participants

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Chen,Junhong............................................... UniversityofNewHampshire,Durham,NH,03824,UnitedStates, junior.chen007@gmail.com Chen,Yao ...................................................... ShandongUniversityatWeihai,SchoolofSpaceScienceandPhysics,Weihai, 264209,China,yaochen@ustc.edu.cn Chen,Bo........................................................ ChinaMeteorologicalAdministration(CMA),Beijing,100081,China, chenb@cma.gov.cn Chen,Christopher ......................................... SpaceSciencesLab,UCBerkeley,SpaceSciencesLab,Berkeley,CA,94720, UnitedStates,chen@ssl.berkeley.edu CluadeGonzalez,Alicia ................................ INPE,SaoJosedosCampos,12227010,Brazil,alicia@dge.inpe.br Coburn,Jesse ................................................ UniversityofNewHampshire,Candia,NH,03034,UnitedStates, jtu46@wildcats.unh.edu Cohen,Christina............................................ Caltech,Pasadena,CA,91125,UnitedStates,cohen@srl.caltech.edu Collinson,Glyn .............................................. NASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,HeliophysicsScienceDivision,Code670, Greenbelt,MD,20770,UnitedStates,glyn.a.collinson@nasa.gov Consolini,Giuseppe ...................................... INAFIAPS,Roma,00133,Italy,giuseppe.consolini@inaf.it Cummings,Alan ............................................ Caltech,SpaceRadiationLab,Pasadena,CA,91125,UnitedStates, ace@srl.caltech.edu Dasgupta,Brahmananda............................... UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville,CSPAR,320SparkmanDrive,Huntsville,AL, 35805,UnitedStates,bd0001@uah.edu DeKoning,Curt ............................................. UniversityofColorado,Boulder,CO,80305,UnitedStates, curt.a.dekoning@noaa.gov DeForest,Craig.............................................. SouthwestResearchInstitute,Boulder,CO,80302,UnitedStates, deforest@boulder.swri.edu Dosch,Alexander .......................................... UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville,320SparkmanDrive,Huntsville,AL,35805, UnitedStates,alexanderm.dosch@gmail.com Dresing,Nina................................................. IEAP,Kiel,24118,Germany,dresing@physik.unikiel.de Edberg,Niklas ............................................... SwedishInstituteofSpacePhysics,Uppsala,75121,Sweden,ne@irfu.se Elliott,Heather.............................................. SouthwestResearchInstitute,SpaceScienceandEngineering,SanAntonio,TX, 78228,UnitedStates,helliott@swri.edu Fayock,Brian................................................. CSPARUAH,3424CloptonStSW,Huntsville,AL,35805,UnitedStates, bgf0001@uah.edu
Participants - 132 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Fisk,Len .........................................................UniversityofMichigan,AOSS,AnnArbor,MI,481092143,UnitedStates, lafisk@umich.edu Fletcher,Lyndsay ...........................................UniversityofGlasgow,SchoolofPhysicsandAstronomy,Glasgow,G128QQ, UnitedKingdom,lyndsay.fletcher@glasgow.ac.uk Forman,Miriam .............................................StonyBrookUniversity,PhysicsandAstronomy,StonyBrook,NY,117943800, UnitedStates,miriam.forman@sunysb.edu Frahm,Rudy...................................................SouthwestResearchInstitute,DepartmentofSpaceSciences,SanAntonio,TX, 78228,UnitedStates,rfrahm@swri.edu Frisch,Priscilla ...............................................UniversityofChicago,AstronomyandAstrophysics,Chicago,IL,60637,United States,frisch@oddjob.uchicago.edu Fuselier,Stephen ...........................................SouthwestResearchInstitute,SanAntonio,TX,78228,UnitedStates, sfuselier@swri.edu Galvin,Antoinette..........................................UniversityofNewHampshire,SpaceScienceCenterandDeptofPhysics, Durham,NH,03824,UnitedStates,toni.galvin@unh.edu Gamayunov,Konstantin ................................FloridaInstituteofTechnology,DepartmentofPhysicsandSpaceSciences, Melbourne,FL,32901,UnitedStates,kgamayunov@fit.edu Gary,S............................................................SpaceScienceInstitute,SantaFe,NM,87501,UnitedStates, pgary@spacescience.org Gershman,Daniel ..........................................UniversityofMichigan,Atmospheric,OceanicandSpaceSciences,AnnArbor, MI,48109,UnitedStates,djgersh@umich.edu Ghosh,Sanjoy ................................................JHUAPL,Laurel,MD,207236099,UnitedStates,ron.ghosh@jhuapl.edu Giacalone,Joe................................................UniversityofArizona,PlanetarySciences,Tucson,AZ,85721,UnitedStates, giacalon@lpl.arizona.edu Gieseler,Jan...................................................CAUKiel,Kiel,24118,Germany,gieseler@physik.unikiel.de Gloeckler,George ..........................................UniversityofMichigan,AOSS,Mitchellville,MD,20721,UnitedStates, gglo@umich.edu Golden,Daniel ...............................................StanfordUniversity,PaloAlto,CA,94303,UnitedStates, dgolden1@stanford.edu Goldstein,Melvyn..........................................NASAGODDARDSPACEFLIGHTCENTER,GeospacePhysicsLaboratory, Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates,melvyn.l.goldstein@nasa.gov Golla,Thejappa..............................................UniversityofMaryland,Astronomy,CollegePark,MD,20742,UnitedStates, thejappa.golla@nasa.gov
- 133 Participants

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Gombosi,Tamas ........................................... UniversityofMichigan,AOSS,AnnArbor,MI,481092143,UnitedStates, tamas@umich.edu Gopalswamy,Nat.......................................... NASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,Greenbelt,MD,20878,UnitedStates, nat.gopalswamy@nasa.gov Gosling,John................................................. UniversityofColorado,LaboratoryforAtmosphericandSpacePhysics,Boulder, CO,80303,UnitedStates,jack.gosling@lasp.colorado.edu Guo,Fan........................................................ UniversityofArizona,Tucson,AZ,85721,UnitedStates, guofan@lpl.arizona.edu Hahn,Matthias ............................................. RheinischesInstitutfuerUmweltforschung,Departmentforplanetaryresearch, Cologne,50931,Germany,Matthias.Hahn@unikoeln.de Hassler,Donald ............................................. SouthwestResearchInstitute,Boulder,CO,80302,UnitedStates, hassler@boulder.swri.edu He,Jiansen .................................................... SESS,PekingUniversity,Beijing,100871,China,jshept@gmail.com Heerikhuisen,Jacob ...................................... Univ.AlabamainHuntsville,301SparkmanDrive,Huntsville,AL,35899,United States,jacob.heerikhuisen@uah.edu Ho,George .................................................... JHU/APL,Space,Laurel,MD,20723,UnitedStates,George.Ho@jhuapl.edu Horaites,Konstantinos.................................. SpaceSciencesLaboratoryUCBerkeley,Berkeley,CA,94720,UnitedStates, kosta.horaites@gmail.com Howes,Gregory ............................................ UniversityofIowa,PhysicsandAstronomy,IowaCity,IA,52242,UnitedStates, gregoryhowes@uiowa.edu Hsu,HsiangWen........................................... LASP,UniversityofColoradoBoulder,Boulder,CO,80303,UnitedStates, sean.hsu@lasp.colorado.edu Hu,Qiang ...................................................... CSPAR/UAHuntsville,320SparkmanDr,Huntsville,AL,35805,UnitedStates, qh0001@uah.edu Hudson,Hugh ............................................... UCBerkeley,Berkeley,CA,947207450,UnitedStates, hhudson@ssl.berkeley.edu Hunana,Peter ............................................... NASAGoddard,Code673,Bldg21,Rm214,Greenbelt,MD,20771,United States,peter.hunana@nasa.gov Hurley,Dana ................................................. JHUAPL,200W230,Laurel,MD,21029,UnitedStates,dana.hurley@jhuapl.edu Hutchinson,Ian ............................................. MIT,Cambridge,MA,02478,UnitedStates,hutch@psfc.mit.edu Iju,Tomoya ................................................... NagoyaUniversity,Nagoya,4640026,Japan,tomoya@stelab.nagoyau.ac.jp
Participants - 134 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Isenberg,Philip ..............................................UniversityofNewHampshire,Durham,NH,03824,UnitedStates, phil.isenberg@unh.edu Jackson,Bernard............................................CASS/UCSD,CASS,LaJolla,CA,920930424,UnitedStates, bvjackson@ucsd.edu Jain,Rajmal....................................................PhysicalResearchLaboratory,A&ADivision,Ahmedabad,380009,India, rajmal@prl.res.in Jetha,Nazirah ................................................UAH,320SparkmanDrive,Huntsville,AL,35805,UnitedStates, nazirah.jetha@uah.edu Jian,Lan .........................................................UnivofMaryland/NASAGSFC,Astronomy,Greenbelt,MD,20771,United States,lan.jian@nasa.gov Jokipii,Jack ....................................................UniversityofArizona,PlanetarySciences,Tucson,AZ,85721,UnitedStates, jokipii@lpl.arizona.edu Kahre,Lauren.................................................UAHCSPAR,Apt.6005,7900OldMadisonPike,Madison,AL,35816,United States,lek0030@uah.edu Kasper,Justin.................................................HarvardSmithsonianCfA,Cambridge,MA,02138,UnitedStates, jkasper@cfa.harvard.edu Kataoka,Ryuho..............................................TokyoTech,Muguro,1528550,Japan,ryuho@geo.titech.ac.jp Kellogg,Paul ..................................................UniversityofMinnesota,InstituteforAstrophysics,Minneapolis,MN,55455, UnitedStates,pauljkellogg@gmail.com Kilpua,Emilia .................................................UniversityofHelsinki,DepartmentofPhysics,Helsinki,00560,Finland, emilia.kilpua@helsinki.fi Ko,YuanKuen ...............................................NavalResearchLaboratory,Washington,DC,20375,UnitedStates,yuan kuen.ko@nrl.navy.mil Koval,Andriy..................................................UMBC/NASAGSFC,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates, andriy.koval@nasa.gov Krasnosselskikh,Vladimir ..............................LPC2E/CNRSUniversityofOrleans,Orleans,45071,France,vkrasnos@cnrs orleans.fr Kunkel,Valbona.............................................GeorgeMasonUniversity,CollegeofScience,Fairfax,VA,22030,UnitedStates, vkunkel@gmu.edu Laakso,Harri ..................................................ESA/ESTEC,codeSREOO,Noordwijk,2200AG,Netherlands, harri.laakso@esa.int
- 135 Participants

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Laitinen,Timo ............................................... UniversityofCentralLancashire,SchoolofCEPS,Preston,PR12HE,United Kingdom,tlmlaitinen@uclan.ac.uk Lario,David ................................................... JHU/APL,Laurel,MD,20723,UnitedStates,david.lario@jhuapl.edu Laurenza,Monica.......................................... INAF/IAPS,Rome,00133,Italy,monica.laurenza@ifsiroma.inaf.it Lawrence,David............................................ JohnsHopkinsUniversityAppliedPhysicsLaboratory,Laurel,MD,20723, UnitedStates,David.J.Lawrence@jhuapl.edu Le,Guiming ................................................... NationalCenterforSpaceWeather,ChinaMeteorologicalAdministration, Beijing,100081,China,legm@cma.gov.cn LeChat,Gatan............................................. HarvardSmithsonianCenterforastrophysics,Cambridge,MA,02138,United States,glechat@head.cfa.harvard.edu Lee,Christina ................................................ AirForceResearchLab,SpaceVehiclesDirectorate,Albuquerque,NM,87111, UnitedStates,cleevantilborg@gmail.com Lepri,Susan................................................... TheUniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor,MI,48109,UnitedStates, slepri@umich.edu Leske,Richard ............................................... CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,Pasadena,CA,91125,UnitedStates, ral@srl.caltech.edu Li,Gang ......................................................... UAH,102AmbergateDr.,Madison,AL,35756,UnitedStates,gang.li@uah.edu Li,Jiawei ........................................................ NationalCenterforSpaceWeather,Beijing,100081,China,lijw@cma.gov.cn Linker,Jon ..................................................... PredictiveScience,Inc.,SanDiego,CA,92121,UnitedStates, linkerj@predsci.com Lionello,Roberto........................................... PredictiveScience,Inc.,SanDiego,CA,92121,UnitedStates, lionel@predsci.com Livadiotis,George ......................................... SouthwestResearchInstitute,SpaceScience,SanAntonio,TX,78238,United States,glivadiotis@swri.edu Livi,Stefano................................................... SouthwestResearchInstitute,SanAntonio,TX,78238,UnitedStates, slivi@swri.edu Lopez,Jershon............................................... UniversityofIowa,Coralville,IA,52241,UnitedStates,jershon lopez@uiowa.edu LopezPortela,Cynthia.................................. IGEOF/UNAM,SpacePhysics,MexicoCity,04510,Mexico, cynthia@geofisica.unam.mx Luhmann,Janet............................................. SSLUniversityofCalifornia,SSL,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,94720, UnitedStates,jgluhman@ssl.berkeley.edu
Participants - 136 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Lui,Anthony...................................................JHU/APL,Space,Laurel,MD,20723,UnitedStates,Tony.Lui@jhuapl.edu Maksimovic,Milan.........................................CNRS&LESIA,ParisObservatory,ObservatoiredeParis,Meudon,92195, France,milan.maksimovic@obspm.fr Malaspina,David ...........................................LaboratoryforAtmosphericandSpacePhysics,UniversityofColorado,Boulder, LaboratoryforAtmosphericandSpacePhysics,Boulder,CO,80026,United States,David.Malaspina@colorado.edu Maneva,Yana ................................................CUA/NASAGSFC,HeliophysicsScienceDivision,Greenbelt,MD,20771,United States,yana.g.maneva@nasa.gov ManuelHernandez,Teresa ...........................UNAM,FisicaEspacial,Morelia,58098,Mexico,temahe@geofisica.unam.mx Marsch,Eckart ...............................................MaxPlanckInstituteforSolarSystemResearch,SunandHeliosphere, KatlenburgLindau,37191,Germany,marsch@mps.mpg.de Marsden,Richard ..........................................ESA,SRESM,Noordwijk,2200AG,Netherlands,richard.marsden@esa.int Matsumoto,Takuma .....................................NagoyaUniversity,Physics,Nagoya,4648602,Japan, takuma.matsumoto@nagoyau.jp Matthaeus,William .......................................Bartol/U.ofDelaware,PhysicsandAstronomy,Newark,DE,19716,United States,whm@udel.edu McComas,David ............................................SouthwestResearchInstitute,SanAntonio,TX,78228,UnitedStates, dmccomas@swri.edu McGregor,Sarah............................................BostonUniversity,Astronomy,Boston,MA,02215,UnitedStates, slmic@bu.edu Mewaldt,Richard ..........................................Caltech,Caltech,Pasadena,CA,91125,UnitedStates, RMewaldt@srl.caltech.edu Meyer,Fred ...................................................OakRidgeNationalLaboratory,PhysicsDivision,OakRidge,TN,37830,United States,meyerfw@ornl.gov Mikic,Zoran ...................................................PredictiveScience,Inc.,SanDiego,CA,92121,UnitedStates, mikicz@predsci.com Miyahara,Hiroko ...........................................UniversityofTokyo,515Kashiwanoha,Kashiwa,2778582,Japan, hmiya@icrr.utokyo.ac.jp Mbius,Eberhard ..........................................UniversityofNewHampshire&LosAlamosNationalLaboratory,ISR1,Space ScienceandApplications,LosAlamos,NM,87545,UnitedStates, eberhard.moebius@unh.edu
- 137 Participants

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Moestl,Ute ................................................... InstituteofPhysics,UniversityofGraz,Graz,8010,Austria,ute.moestl@uni graz.at Moestl,Christian........................................... UCBerkeley,SpaceScienceLaboratory,Berkeley,CA,94720,UnitedStates, christian.moestl@unigraz.at Mueller,Hans................................................ DartmouthCollege,PhysicsandAstronomy,Hanover,NH,03755,United States,hrmhrm@gmail.com Nariyuki,Yasuhiro ......................................... UniversityofToyama,Toyama,9308555,Japan,nariyuki@edu.utoyama.ac.jp Nemecek,Zdenek ......................................... CharlesUniversity,KFPP,Prague,18000,CzechRepublic, zdenek.nemecek@mff.cuni.cz Neugebauer,Marcia ..................................... UniversityofArizona,Tucson,AZ,85747,UnitedStates, mneugeb@lpl.arizona.edu NievesChinchilla,Teresa .............................. CUAGSFC,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates,Teresa.Nieves@nasa.gov Ofman,Leon.................................................. CUA/NASAGSFC,Code671,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates, Leon.Ofman@nasa.gov Oughton,Sean .............................................. UnivofWaikato,Mathematics,Hamilton,3240,NewZealand, seano@waikato.ac.nz Pahud,Danielle ............................................. BostonUniversity,Astronomy,Boston,MA,02215,UnitedStates, dpahud@bu.edu Panasenco,Olga............................................ HelioResearch,LaCrescenta,CA,91214,UnitedStates, panasenco.olga@gmail.com Pantellini,Filippo .......................................... ParisObservatory,LESIA,Meudon,92195,France,filippo.pantellini@obspm.fr Parashar,Tulasi............................................. NASACaltechJetPropulsionLaboratory,Astrphysics&SpaceScence, Pasadena,CA,91109,UnitedStates,tulasinandan@gmail.com Perez,Jean .................................................... UniversityofNewHampshire,SpaceScienceCenter,Durham,NH,03824, UnitedStates,jeanc.perez@unh.edu Pinto,Rui....................................................... CEASaclay/IrfuSAp,Serviced'Astrophysique,IRFU/DSM,GifsurYvette, 91191,France,rui.pinto@cea.fr Podesta,John................................................ SpaceScienceInstitute,Unit61A,PuntaGorda,FL,33955,UnitedStates, jpodesta@spacescience.org Poedts,Stefaan ............................................. CPA/KULeuven,Mathematics,Leuven,3001,Belgium, Stefaan.Poedts@wis.kuleuven.be

Participants

- 138 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Pogorelov,Nikolai..........................................UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville,320SparkmanDr.,Huntsville,AL,35805, UnitedStates,np0002@uah.edu Poletto,Giannina...........................................INAFArcetriAstrophysicalObservatory,Firenze,50125,Italy, poletto@arcetri.astro.it Prech,Lubomir ..............................................CharlesUniversity,KFPP,Prague,18000,CzechRepublic, lubomir.prech@mff.cuni.cz Pulupa,Marc..................................................UCBerkeley,SpaceSciencesLaboratory,Berkeley,CA,94720,UnitedStates, pulupa@ssl.berkeley.edu Qin,Gang .......................................................CenterforSpaceScience&AppliedResearch,Beijing,100190,China, gangqin@gmail.com Rasca,Anthony ..............................................UniversityofColorado,LaboratoryforAtmosphericandSpacePhysics,Boulder, CO,80303,UnitedStates,anthony.rasca@lasp.colorado.edu Richardson,Ian ..............................................UMd/CRESST/NASAGSFC,Code661,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates, ian.g.richardson@nasa.gov Richardson,John............................................M.I.T.,cambridge,MA,02139,UnitedStates,jdr@space.mit.edu Riley,Pete ......................................................PredictiveScience,Inc.,SanDiego,CA,92121,UnitedStates, pete@predsci.com Roberts,D ......................................................NASAGSFC,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates,aaron.roberts@nasa.gov Robertson,Ina ...............................................UniversityofKansas,SpanishFork,UT,84660,UnitedStates,robertin@ku.edu Rodriguez,Luciano.........................................RoyalObservatoryofBelgium,Brussels,1180,Belgium,rodriguez@oma.be RojasCastillo,Diana ......................................IGEOF/UNAM,SpacePhysics,MexicoCity,04510,Mexico, dianar@geofisica.unam.mx Rollett,Tanja..................................................InstituteofPhysics,UniversityofGraz,Graz,8010,Austria,tanja.rollett@uni graz.at RomeroHernandez,Esmeralda.....................UNAM,Morelia,58098,Mexico,cefeyda_esm@yahoo.com.mx Russell,Chris..................................................UCLA,LosAngeles,CA,900951567,UnitedStates,ctrussel@igpp.ucla.edu Safrankova,Jana ............................................CharlesUniversity,KFPP,Prague,18000,CzechRepublic, jana.safrankova@mff.cuni.cz Salem,Chadi ..................................................UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,SpaceSciencesLaboratory,Berkeley,CA, 947207450,UnitedStates,salem@ssl.berkeley.edu
- 139 Participants

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Savani,Neel................................................... NavalResearchLaboratory,NavalResearchLaboratory,Washington,DC, 20375,UnitedStates,neel.savani02@imperial.ac.uk Schwadron,Nathan....................................... UNH,Physics,Durham,NH,03824,UnitedStates,n.schwadron@unh.edu Scime,Earl..................................................... WestVirginiaUniversity,Physics,Morgantown,WV,26506,UnitedStates, escime@wvu.edu Scudder,Jack................................................. UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,IA,52242,UnitedStates,jack scudder@uiowa.edu Selwa,Malgorzata......................................... CPA/KULeuven,CentreforPlasmaAstrophys.Dept.ofMathematics,Leuven, 3001,Belgium,mag.selwa@wis.kuleuven.be Seough,Jungjoon.......................................... KyungHeeUniversiy,Yongin,446701,Korea,Republicof,jjseough@khu.ac.kr Servidio,Sergio ............................................. UniversityofCalabria,ArcavacatadiRende,Cosenza,87036,Italy, sergio.servidio@fis.unical.it Sharma,R.P................................................... IndianInstituteofTechnology,CentreforEnergyStudies,NewDelhi,110016, India,rpsharma@ces.iitd.ernet.in Simunac,Kristin ............................................ UniversityofNewHampshire,SpaceScienceCenter,Durham,NH,03820, UnitedStates,K.Simunac@unh.edu Singh,Nagendra............................................ UniversityofAlabama,Huntsville,AL,301SparkmanDrive,huntsville,AL, 35899,UnitedStates,singh@ece.uah.edu Smith,Charles ............................................... UniversityofNewHampshire,SpaceScienceCenter,Durham,NH,03824, UnitedStates,Charles.Smith@unh.edu Smith,Edward............................................... JetPropulsionLaboratory,EarthandSpaceScience,Pasadena,CA,91109, UnitedStates,ejsmith1959@att.net Song,HongQiang ......................................... ShandongUniversityatWeihai,Weihai,264209,China,hqsong@sdu.edu.cn Stone,Edward............................................... Caltech,SpaceRadiationLaboratory,Pasadena,CA,91125,UnitedStates, ecs@srl.caltech.edu Szabo,Adam ................................................. NASAGSFC,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates,Adam.Szabo@nasa.gov TenBarge,Jason ............................................ UniversityofIowa,PhysicsandAstronomy,IowaCity,IA,52242,UnitedStates, jasontenbarge@uiowa.edu Tian,Hui ........................................................ NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch,Boulder,CO,80301,UnitedStates, htian@ucar.edu Tokumaru,Munetoshi .................................. NagoyaUniversity,SolarTerrestrialEnvironmentLaboratory,Nagoya,464 8601,Japan,tokumaru@stelab.nagoyau.ac.jp
Participants - 140 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
Usmanov,Arcadi............................................Univ.ofDelaware/NASAGSFC,Code673,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates, arcadi.usmanov@nasa.gov VanBallegooijen,Adriaan..............................SmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory,Cambridge,MA,02138,UnitedStates, vanballe@comcast.net Vandas,Marek...............................................AstronomicalInstitute,Praha4,14131,CzechRepublic,vandas@asu.cas.cz Vasquez,Bernard...........................................UniversityofNewHampshire,Durham,NH,03824,UnitedStates, bernie.vasquez@unh.edu Vasyliunas,Vytenis ........................................MaxPlanckInstitutf.Sonnensystemforschung,Ottobrunn,85521,Germany, vasyliunas@mps.mpg.de Velli,Marco....................................................JetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,Pasadena,CA, 91030,UnitedStates,mvelli@jpl.nasa.gov Verdini,Andrea..............................................SIDCRoyalObservatoryofBelgium,Bruxelles,1180,Belgium,verdini@oma.be Verkhoglyadova,Olga....................................CSPAR,UAH/JPL,Caltech,JPL,MS138310,4800OakGroveDr.,Pasadena,CA, 91109,UnitedStates,Olga.Verkhoglyadova@jpl.nasa.gov Vourlidas,Angelos .........................................NavalResearchLaboratory,Alexandria,VA,22304,UnitedStates, vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil Wan,Minping ................................................UniversityofDelaware,DepartmentofPhysics&Astronomy,Newark,DE, 19716,UnitedStates,mpwan@bartol.udel.edu Wang,Linghua ...............................................SpaceSciencesLab,UCBerkeley,Berkeley,CA,947207450,UnitedStates, wanglhwang@gmail.com Wang,Xin.......................................................PekingUniversity&NCAR/HAO,Boulder,CO,80301,UnitedStates, wangxinpku0209@gmail.com Washimi,Haruichi..........................................CSPAR,hw0002:uah.edu,Huntsville,AL,35899,UnitedStates, hw0002@uah.edu Webb,Gary....................................................UniversityofAlabamainHuntsville,320sparkmanDr.,Huntsville,AL,35805, UnitedStates,gmw0002@uah.edu Wicks,Robert.................................................GoddardSpaceFlightCenter,Greenbelt,MD,20771,UnitedStates, robert.t.wicks@nasa.gov Wiedenbeck,Mark ........................................JPL/Caltech,MC29017,Pasadena,CA,91125,UnitedStates, mark.e.wiedenbeck@jpl.nasa.gov
- 141 Participants

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

PARTICIPANTS
WimmerSchweingruber,Robert.................. ChristianAlbrechtsUniversityKiel,IEAP,Kiel,24098,Germany, wimmer@physik.unikiel.de Wright,Kenneth............................................ UAH/CSPAR,301SparkmanDr.,Huntsville,AL,35899,UnitedStates, Ken.Wright@uah.edu Yang,Liping ................................................... PekingUniversity,Beijing,100871,China,lpyang@spaceweather.ac.cn Yao,Shuo ...................................................... ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing),Beijing,100083,China, yaoshuo@cugb.edu.cn Yoon,Peter ................................................... UnivMaryland,CollegePark,MD,20742,UnitedStates,yoonp@umd.edu Yu,HsiuShan ................................................ CASS/UCSD,LaJolla,CA,920930424,UnitedStates,hsyu@ucsd.edu Yu,Wenyuan................................................. UniversityofNewHampshire,Durham,NH,03824,UnitedStates, unhyuan@gmail.com Zank,Gary ..................................................... Univ.ofAlabamainHuntsville,320SparkmanDr,Huntsville,AL,35899,United States,garyp.zank@gmail.com Zhao,Liang .................................................... NCAR/HAO,Boulder,CO,803073000,UnitedStates,lzh@ucar.edu Zuccarello,Francesco.................................... CPA/KUleuven,Mathematics,Heverlee,3001,Belgium, francesco.zuccarello@wis.kuleuven.be Zurbuchen,Thomas ...................................... UniversityofMichigan,AOSS,AnnArbor,MI,481092143,UnitedStates, thomasz@umich.edu

Participants

- 142 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

NOTES

- 143 -

Notes

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

NOTES

Notes

- 144 -

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

NOTES

- 145 -

Notes

ThirteenthInternationalSolarWindConference BigIsland,Hawaii,USA June1722,2012

NOTES

Notes

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Index

A
Ahluwalia, 71, 75, 77, 83, 131 Antiochos, 4, 25, 63, 67, 117, 131 Ao, 49, 72, 77, 83, 123, 131 Arge, 4, 29, 33, 43, 63, 67, 99, 102, 110, 131

C
Cairns, 5, 32, 63, 68, 71, 77, 85, 104, 131 Cartwright, 5, 72, 77, 85, 131 Case, 76, 77, 86, 131 Chandran, 1, 8, 14, 25, 63, 67, 111, 131 Chen, 2, 21, 26, 63, 68, 71, 72, 75, 77, 86, 87, 95, 117, 121, 132 Clua de Gonzalez, 88 Coburn, 120, 132 Cohen, 7, 8, 49, 50, 51, 63, 68, 102, 132 Collinson, 2, 18, 63, 70, 132 Consolini, 72, 77, 88, 100, 132 Cummings, 6, 40, 51, 63, 69, 132

B
Bale, 11, 21, 86, 96, 114, 117, 131 Barghouty, 4, 9, 60, 63, 70, 71, 77, 83, 106, 131 Bastian, 8, 48, 63, 70, 131 Berger, 6, 13, 39, 63, 69, 72, 75, 77, 84, 131 Blanco-Cano, 16, 19, 84, 98, 103 Boldyrev, 9, 58, 63, 68, 131 Broiles, 76, 77, 84, 131 Bucik, 72, 77, 85, 131 Burrows, 83, 131

D
Dasgupta, 71, 77, 88, 132 De Koning, 88 DeForest, 6, 42, 63, 68, 90, 91, 132 Dosch, 41, 72, 77, 89, 97, 132 Dresing, 72, 77, 89, 132

- 147 -

Index

E
Edberg, 2, 23, 63, 70, 132 Elliott, 2, 5, 34, 63, 68, 76, 78, 89, 90, 91, 132

H
Hahn, 2, 22, 64, 70, 134 Hassler, 76, 78, 95, 134 Heerikhuisen, 6, 9, 35, 41, 45, 64, 69, 92, 113, 134 Ho, 51, 72, 78, 96, 127, 134 Horaites, 73, 78, 96, 114, 134 Howes, 6, 38, 64, 68, 117, 134 Hsu, 2, 18, 64, 70, 134 Hu, 9, 59, 64, 68, 89, 126, 128, 134 Hudson, 134 Hunana, 8, 54, 64, 68, 128, 134 Hurley, 76, 78, 96, 134 Hutchinson, 76, 78, 96, 134

F
Fayock, 76, 78, 90, 132 Fisk, 6, 13, 40, 61, 63, 69, 92, 106, 129, 133 Fletcher, 133 Forman, 72, 78, 90, 120, 133 Frahm, 76, 78, 89, 90, 91, 133 Frisch, 7, 43, 63, 69, 133 Fuselier, 4, 24, 63, 70, 133

I
Iju, 73, 78, 97, 134 Isenberg, 2, 7, 17, 37, 64, 68, 71, 78, 87, 97, 135

G
Galvin, 14, 24, 26, 39, 71, 76, 78, 87, 91, 119, 128, 133 Gamayunov, 72, 78, 92, 113, 133 Gary, S, 92 Gershman, 53, 75, 78, 92, 133 Ghosh, 2, 20, 63, 68, 78, 93, 133 Giacalone, 6, 39, 63, 68, 94, 133 Gieseler, 75, 78, 93, 133 Gloeckler, 9, 13, 40, 53, 61, 63, 67, 84, 87, 92, 133 Golden, 76, 78, 93, 133 Goldstein, 8, 20, 54, 63, 68, 72, 78, 93, 94, 109, 111, 122, 126, 133 Golla, 2, 71, 78, 94, 133 Gombosi, 134 Gopalswamy, 8, 48, 63, 67, 134 Gosling, 4, 28, 64, 68, 88, 134 Guo, 72, 78, 87, 94, 134

J
Jackson, 2, 6, 20, 46, 64, 70, 113, 127, 135 Jain, 8, 56, 64, 70, 135 Jetha, 73, 78, 97, 99, 128, 135 Jian, 16, 24, 47, 73, 78, 84, 85, 91, 98, 135 Jiansen, 26, 71, 72, 78, 95, 121, 125, 127, 134 Jokipii, 4, 25, 64, 69, 135

K
Kahre, 73, 79, 97, 99, 135 Kasper, 1, 4, 11, 13, 17, 64, 70, 98, 101, 102, 135 Kataoka, 73, 75, 78, 79, 98, 99, 135

- 148 -

Index

Kellogg, 135 Kilpua, 7, 47, 64, 68, 115, 128, 135 Ko, 73, 79, 99, 135 Koval, 73, 79, 99, 135 Krasnosselskikh, 4, 28, 64, 68, 73, 79, 100, 135 Kunkel, 135

L
Laakso, 8, 55, 64, 70, 135 Laitinen, 73, 79, 100, 136 Lan, 73, 78, 85, 91, 98, 135 Lario, 8, 51, 64, 68, 136 Laurenza, 73, 79, 100, 136 Lawrence, 71, 79, 101, 105, 136 Le, 4, 27, 64, 67, 71, 73, 76, 79, 100, 101, 102, 136 Le Chat, 27, 101, 102 Lee, 73, 79, 102, 136 Lepri, 4, 14, 26, 64, 67, 136 Leske, 8, 49, 51, 64, 68, 136 Li, 4, 8, 26, 49, 59, 64, 66, 67, 68, 87, 88, 93, 121, 123, 136 Linker, 6, 25, 33, 42, 43, 64, 67, 136 Lionello, 4, 25, 33, 42, 43, 64, 67, 136 Livadiotis, 9, 75, 79, 103, 136 Livi, 1, 2, 14, 26, 64, 67, 84, 136 Lopez, 71, 76, 79, 103, 136 Lopez-Portela, 103 Luhmann, 4, 16, 23, 24, 47, 64, 68, 84, 91, 98, 119, 128, 136 Lui, 73, 79, 103, 137

Matthaeus, 9, 52, 57, 59, 65, 68, 71, 73, 79, 94, 104, 105, 106, 118, 120, 122, 123, 124, 137 McComas, 6, 11, 34, 36, 37, 65, 69, 103, 137 McGregor, 1, 13, 65, 67, 73, 79, 106, 110, 137 Mewaldt, 6, 8, 49, 50, 51, 65, 68, 137 Meyer, 27, 60, 76, 79, 101, 106, 137 Mikic, 6, 25, 33, 42, 43, 65, 68, 137 Miyahara, 75, 79, 80, 98, 107, 137 Mbius, 7, 8, 39, 45, 65, 69, 137 Moestl, 73, 76, 80, 107, 108, 138 Mueller, 12, 75, 80, 108, 138

N
Nariyuki, 8, 50, 65, 69, 73, 80, 108, 138 Nemecek, 2, 22, 52, 55, 65, 70, 73, 80, 109, 114, 138 Neugebauer, 71, 80, 109, 138 Nieves-Chinchilla, 109, 117

O
Ofman, 5, 31, 65, 67, 71, 80, 104, 110, 138 Oughton, 8, 52, 65, 69, 90, 104, 118, 124, 138

P M
Maksimovic, 4, 5, 27, 32, 64, 68, 101, 137 Malaspina, 73, 79, 104, 137 Maneva, 31, 71, 79, 104, 110, 137 Manuel-Hernandez, 47 Marsch, 6, 8, 26, 38, 65, 68, 95, 121, 125, 137 Marsden, 1, 12, 65, 70, 137 Matsumoto, 1, 15, 65, 67, 137 Pahud, 73, 80, 110, 138 Panasenco, 71, 80, 110, 138 Pantellini, 101, 138 Parashar, 57, 59, 73, 80, 105, 111, 138 Perez, 58, 73, 80, 111, 138 Pinto, 71, 74, 80, 111, 123, 138 Podesta, 9, 58, 65, 69, 76, 80, 95, 112, 138 Poedts, 5, 33, 65, 69, 80, 112, 117, 129, 138 Pogorelov, 6, 7, 35, 41, 46, 65, 69, 74, 75, 76, 80, 92, 112, 113, 139

- 149 -

Index

Poletto, 4, 30, 65, 67, 71, 80, 113, 139 Prech, 8, 22, 52, 55, 65, 69, 74, 80, 109, 114, 139 Pulupa, 74, 80, 96, 114, 124, 139

Singh, 71, 81, 120, 140 Smith, 6, 21, 34, 37, 66, 70, 74, 81, 120, 140 Song, 72, 81, 87, 121, 140 Stevens, 13, 98 Stone, 6, 35, 40, 51, 66, 70, 92, 140 Szabo, 4, 11, 98, 99, 109, 128, 140

Q
Qin, 74, 80, 114, 139

T
TenBarge, 74, 81, 121, 140 Tian, 4, 28, 30, 66, 67, 72, 81, 95, 121, 122, 125, 140 Tokumaru, 5, 34, 66, 69, 97, 140

R
Rasca, 4, 29, 65, 70, 139 Richardson, 1, 4, 7, 23, 34, 44, 65, 69, 70, 76, 80, 114, 115, 139 Riley, 5, 24, 33, 42, 43, 65, 69, 116, 139 Roberts, 5, 31, 65, 69, 126, 127, 139 Robertson, 76, 80, 115, 139 Rodriguez, 47, 74, 80, 84, 115, 127, 139 Rojas-Castillo, 19 Rollett, 74, 81, 116, 139 Romero-Hernandez, 116 Russell, 16, 24, 47, 76, 81, 84, 98, 116, 139

U
Usmanov, 74, 81, 122, 141

V
Van Ballegooijen, 12 Vandas, 7, 48, 66, 69, 74, 81, 122, 141 Vasquez, 2, 21, 34, 37, 66, 69, 74, 81, 97, 120, 122, 141 Vasyliunas, 6, 36, 66, 70, 87, 141 Velli, 1, 11, 15, 25, 66, 67, 74, 81, 110, 111, 123, 141 Verdini, 1, 15, 25, 66, 67, 74, 81, 123, 141 Verkhoglyadova, 5, 49, 74, 81, 123, 141 Vourlidas, 2, 19, 49, 66, 67, 109, 117, 141

S
Safrankova, 8, 22, 52, 55, 66, 70, 109, 139 Salem, 21, 74, 81, 96, 114, 117, 124, 139 Savani, 76, 81, 117, 140 Schwadron, 7, 44, 66, 70, 74, 81, 120, 140 Scime, 2, 6, 37, 66, 70, 140 Scudder, 4, 27, 66, 67, 103, 140 Selwa, 71, 81, 117, 140 Seough, 17, 74, 81, 117, 140 Servidio, 9, 52, 57, 59, 66, 69, 74, 81, 104, 105, 118, 124, 140 Sharma, 9, 60, 66, 69, 74, 81, 119, 140 Simunac, 24, 74, 81, 91, 119, 128, 140

- 150 -

Index

W
Wan, 52, 57, 59, 72, 75, 82, 104, 105, 118, 124, 141 Wang, 29, 72, 75, 82, 88, 95, 99, 102, 103, 110, 114, 124, 125, 141 Washimi, 75, 82, 126, 141 Webb, 72, 82, 126, 141 Wicks, 31, 75, 82, 86, 90, 95, 126, 127, 141 Wiedenbeck, 51, 141 Wimmer-Schweingruber, 13, 39, 84, 95, 127 Wright, 142

Y
Yang, 4, 26, 66, 67, 95, 114, 142 Yao, 71, 75, 77, 82, 87, 95, 127, 132, 142 Yoon, 2, 6, 17, 66, 69, 117, 142 Yu, 20, 46, 72, 75, 82, 113, 127, 128, 142

Z
Zank, 1, 6, 35, 41, 46, 49, 54, 59, 66, 70, 75, 82, 83, 89, 97, 99, 108, 113, 123, 126, 128, 142 Zhao, 72, 82, 129, 142 Zuccarello, 33, 75, 82, 112, 129, 142 Zurbuchen, 5, 8, 14, 26, 31, 53, 66, 69, 70, 92, 142

- 151 -

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