Google's Page Rank Calculation Model

An example spreadsheet model for the - assumed - calculation of Google's Page Rank.
Referral Document:

"Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine"

Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page, Stanfort University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
http://www-db.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html

By:

Whitelines Communications, The Hague, Netherlands

http://www.whitelines.net/

Initial content and structure of a Google Database

In this example we use an imaginary Google database containing only four (4) pages that all have an initial
PR value of 1. These four pages have the following linkstructure. In practice Google calculates the Page Rank
for billions of pages. Our model is simplified to show the creation of a Page Rank.
The left picture shows the interlink structure and the initial PR values. The right picture shows the final PR values
after 20 iterations and a damping factor of 0,85.

Calculation Basics
For the calculation of Google's Page Rank the following formula is used (Source: Referral Document):
Formula
where:
PR(A)
d
PR(I->A)
C(I)
PR(I->A)/C(I)
SUM ((PR(I->A)/C(I))

PR(A) = (1 - d) + d * SUM ((PR(I->A)/C(I))

Page Rank of page A
Damping factor
Page Rank of page I having a link to page A
Number of links to other pages from page I
Value from page I that is used for PR calculation of Page A
Sum of values of all pages (I) that point to page A

PR calculation using 20 iterations

In this calculation we use 20 iterations and a damping factor of 0,85. You can vary the damping factor
according to your wishes to see its effect on the results.
Damping factor
This calculation:
Page
Initial PR
Final PR (20 iterations)

0.85
PR(A) =
A
1.000
1.490

0.15
B
1.000
0.783

+
C
1.000
1.577

0.85
D
1.000
0.150

* SUM ((PR(I->A)/C(I))
Total
4.000
4.000

Iteration
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

A
1.000
1.000
2.084
1.163
1.554
1.554
1.413
1.533
1.482
1.482
1.500
1.485
1.491
1.491
1.489
1.491
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490

B
1.000
0.575
0.575
1.036
0.644
0.810
0.810
0.750
0.801
0.780
0.780
0.788
0.781
0.784
0.784
0.783
0.784
0.783
0.783
0.783
0.783

C
1.000
2.275
1.191
1.652
1.652
1.485
1.627
1.567
1.567
1.588
1.570
1.578
1.578
1.575
1.577
1.576
1.576
1.577
1.576
1.577
1.577

D
1.000
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150

Sum
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
Page A

2.500
Google's PR Evaluation

Page B
Page C

2.000

Page D

1.500
1.000
0.500
1

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Detailed Calculation:
Iteration
0
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
1
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
2
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
3
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
4
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
5
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
6
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
7
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value

A
1.000
0.150
0.850
1.000
1.000
0.150
1.934
2.084
2.084
0.150
1.013
1.163
1.163
0.150
1.404
1.554
1.554
0.150
1.404
1.554
1.554
0.150
1.263
1.413
1.413
0.150
1.383
1.533
1.533
0.150
1.332
1.482

B
1.000
0.425
0.150
0.575
0.575
0.425
0.150
0.575
0.575
0.886
0.150
1.036
1.036
0.494
0.150
0.644
0.644
0.660
0.150
0.810
0.810
0.660
0.150
0.810
0.810
0.600
0.150
0.750
0.750
0.651
0.150
0.801

C
1.000
0.425
0.850
0.150
0.850
2.275
2.275
0.425
0.489
0.150
0.128
1.191
1.191
0.886
0.489
0.150
0.128
1.652
1.652
0.494
0.880
0.150
0.128
1.652
1.652
0.660
0.547
0.150
0.128
1.485
1.485
0.660
0.689
0.150
0.128
1.627
1.627
0.600
0.689
0.150
0.128
1.567
1.567
0.651
0.638
0.150
0.128
1.567

D
1.000
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150

Sum
4.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
4.00
4.00
1.00
0.64
2.08
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.92
0.64
1.16
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.14
1.03
1.55
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.47
0.70
1.55
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.47
0.84
1.41
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.35
0.84
1.53
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.45
0.79
1.48
0.28
4.00

Iteration
8
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
9
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
10
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
11
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
12
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
13
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
14
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
15
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
16
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value

A
1.482
0.150
1.332
1.482
1.482
0.150
1.350
1.500
1.500
0.150
1.335
1.485
1.485
0.150
1.341
1.491
1.491
0.150
1.341
1.491
1.491
0.150
1.339
1.489
1.489
0.150
1.341
1.491
1.491
0.150
1.340
1.490
1.490
0.150
1.340
1.490

B
0.801
0.630
0.150
0.780
0.780
0.630
0.150
0.780
0.780
0.638
0.150
0.788
0.788
0.631
0.150
0.781
0.781
0.634
0.150
0.784
0.784
0.634
0.150
0.784
0.784
0.633
0.150
0.783
0.783
0.634
0.150
0.784
0.784
0.633
0.150
0.783

C
1.567
0.630
0.681
0.150
0.128
1.588
1.588
0.630
0.663
0.150
0.128
1.570
1.570
0.638
0.663
0.150
0.128
1.578
1.578
0.631
0.669
0.150
0.128
1.578
1.578
0.634
0.664
0.150
0.128
1.575
1.575
0.634
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.577
1.577
0.633
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.576
1.576
0.634
0.665
0.150
0.128
1.576
1.576
0.633
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.577

D
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150

Sum
4.00
1.41
0.83
1.48
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.41
0.81
1.50
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.43
0.81
1.48
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.41
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.81
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00

Iteration
17
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
18
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
19
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
20
from A to ..
from B to ..
from C to ..
from D to ..
End PR value
Whitelines Communications

A
1.490
0.150
1.340
1.490
1.490
0.150
1.340
1.490
1.490
0.150
1.340
1.490
1.490
0.150
1.340
1.490

B
0.783
0.633
0.150
0.783
0.783
0.633
0.150
0.783
0.783
0.633
0.150
0.783
0.783
0.633
0.150
0.783

C
1.577
0.633
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.576
1.576
0.633
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.577
1.577
0.633
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.577
1.577
0.633
0.666
0.150
0.128
1.577

D
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150

Sum
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
4.00
1.42
0.82
1.49
0.28
4.00
20-Jul-02

Iteration
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

B
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

D
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0