Beginner Lesson

Questions
6
Hangul Transcript 2
Pronunciation Tips 2
Romanization 2
Translation 2
InIormal Conversation 2
Formal Conversation 3
Lesson Vocabulary 3
Cultural Insight 3
Grammar Points 4
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Hangul Transcript
(1)Keith /77\I?
(2) I. 777\II. Keith /^77\I?
(3)Keith ^I5. ^77II.
(4) ^77I?
(5)Keith I. II.
Pronunciation Tips
Sometimes the pronunciation of the word \I(itda) and I(eoptda) change.
When the word is in it's dictionary form, \I(itda), I(eoptda), (s) is next to J
(d). When (s) is in the last position of one syllabic block, and the next syllabic
block starts with a consonant other than (s), or () the pronunciation changes
to a "t" like sound. When (s) is in the last position, and the next syllabic block
starts with (s) or a (), the sound is as it should be, (s).
Romanization
(1)Keith yunseol ssi-neun namjachingu-ga isseumnikka?
(2)Yunseol ne. jeo-neun namjachingu-ga isseumnida. keith ssi-neun yeojachingu-ga isseum-
nikka?
(3)Keith anio. yeojachingu-ga eopsseumnida.
(4)Yunseol yeojachingu-ga eopsseumnikka?
(5)Keith ne. eopsseumnida.
Translation
(1)Keith Yunseol, do you have a boyfriend?
(2)Yunseol Yes. l have a boyfriend. Keith, do you have a girlfriend?
(3)Keith No. l do not have a girlfriend.
(4)Yunseol You do not have a girlfriend?
(5)Keith Yes (that is correct). l do not have a girlfriend.
lnformal Conversation
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(1)Keith 77\^?
(2) . I77\^. Keith^77\^?
(3)Keith ^I. ^77^.
(4) ^77^?
(5)Keith . ^.
Formal Conversation
(Standard Politeness Level)
(1)Keith /77\^E?
(2) I. 777\^E. Keith /^77\^E?
(3)Keith ^I5. ^77^E.
(4) ^77^E?
(5)Keith I. ^E.
Lesson Vocabulary
Hangul Romanization English Synonyms
7 namja
man, male, boy

^7 yeoja
woman, female, girl
^
chingu
friend
7 namjachingu
boyfriend

^7 yeojachingu
girlfriend
^
\I itda
to exist
I eoptda
to not exist
Cultural lnsight
When someone asks a negative question in Korean, a response is in the positive, as
to agree with the question that was presented before. For example: ^77
I? (yeoja chingu-ga eopsseumnikka?) - You do not have a girlfriend? To an-
swer, "No, l don't have a girlfriend" in Korean, one would say "I, II" (ne, eops-
seumnida) - Yes, l don't have one. The last I(ne - yes) is agreeing with the negative
question presented.
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Crannar Poinis
The speakers in this conversation introduced how one would state the existence, or non-
existence of things. The following are a few notes that go more in-depth.
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Grammar Point #1 - Stating the Existence or Possession of Something - \I(itda)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The sentence structure used to express the existence of something is as follows:
"Noun 17() \II.
"Noun 1 exists.
For example:
"\II. (don-i itsseumnida)
"Money exists.
The translation for the example sentence above may sound awkward. This is why the verb
\I(itda) is used to express that someone has something, or that something exists for
someone. ln this conversation (Yun Seol) used the following sentence structure:
"Noun 1() Noun 27() \II.
"777\II.
(jeo-neun namjachingu-ga isseumnida)
"l have a boyfriend. (Literally: A boyfriend exists for me.)
---------------------------
+ More Examples +
---------------------------
"77\II.
(yunseol-eun namjachingu-ga isseumnida)
"Yunseol has a boyfriend. (Literally: A boyfriend exists for Yunseol.)
"777\II.
(jeo-neun jadongcha-ga isseumnida)
"l have a car." (Literally: A car exists for me.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grammar Point #2 - Stating the absence or non-presence of something - I
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The verb I(eopda) expresses the non-existence of something. The sentence structure
used to express the non-existence of something is as follows:
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"Noun 1() Noun 27() II.
---------------------------
+ More Examples +
---------------------------
A: "77II.(jeo-neun cha-ga eopsseumnida)
"l do not have a car. (A car does not exist for me.)
B: "77II.(jeo-do cha-ga eopsseumnida)
"l too, do not have a car. (A car does not exist for me as well.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grammar Point #3 - Asking about the presence of something - \I?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One can also ask if something exists for him/her:
-----------------------------
' Construction
-----------------------------
"Noun 1() Noun 27() \I?
---------------------------
+ More Examples +
---------------------------
"9^\I?
(yerin-eun chaek-i isseumnikka?)
"Does Yerin have a book? (Does a book exist for Yerin?)
*: /7\I? (min ssi-neun gabang-i isseumnikka)
Gyeonghui: Min, do you have a bag?
: I. 7\II. (ne. gabang-i isseumnida.)
Min: Yes. l have a bag.
: /57\I? (jiyeon ssi-neun oppa-ga isseumnikka)
Myeongsu: Jiyeon, do you have an older brother?
: I, 57\II. /\I? (ne. oppa-ga isseumnida. myeongsu
ssi-neun hyeong-i isseumnikka?)
Jiyeon: Yes. l have an older brother. Myeongsu, do you have an older brother?
------------------------
=remember
------------------------
Asking about the absence or non-presence of something - I? (eopsseumnikka)
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The sentence structure used to ask a question about the absence of something is as fol-
lows:
-----------------------------
' Construction
-----------------------------
"Noun 1 () Noun 27() I?
This conversation featured the use of this:
(4): (Keith /) ^77I? (Keith ssi-neun yeojachingu-ga eopsseum-
nikka?)
(5)Keith : I. II. (ne. eopsseumnida.)
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Grammar Point #4 - Subject marking particle - i/ga -/7
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The subject marking particle was used in this context of this conversation because of the
verbs \I(itda) and I(eoptda). These two verbs use the subject marking particle - /
7(i/ga), as part of a set. Generally speaking, whenever the verbs \I(itda) and I
(eoptda) are used in a sentence, the subject marking particle is used in conjunction to mark
what exist and what what doesn't exist.
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