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TABLE OF CONTENTS
NO TITLE PAGE
2 2.0 Introduction 3
2.1 Title 3
3 3.0 Body 8
4 4.0 Conclusion 13
5 References 14
6 Evaluation form 15
7 CD 16
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PREMARITAL HIV TESTING IS IMPORTANT TO WEDDING
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19/4/2009
16 20/4/2009- Final examination
10/5/2009
17 11/5/2009 Semester break
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Title:
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To inform the audience that the premarital HIV testing which has become
official to Muslims couples in Malaysia is important and should be exten-
ded to all religions.
2.1.4.1.2 Jill Cadman (July 2003) states that HIV stands for Human
Immunodeficiency Virus that causes AIDS. While many viruses can
be controlled by the immune system, HIV targets and infects the
same immune system cells that are supposed to protect us from ill-
nesses. These are a type of white blood cell called CD42 cells. HIV
takes over CD4 cells and turns them into virus factories that pro-
1
Lentivirus:"slow" virus characterized by a long interval between infection and the onset of symptoms.
HIV is a lentivirus as is the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which infects nonhuman primates.
2
CD4+ T cells: white blood cells that orchestrate the immune response, signaling other
cells in the immune system to perform their special functions. Also known as T helper cells,
these cells are killed or disabled during HIV infection.
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2.1.4.2.1 According to Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS (06/06/2007) the HIV may
not cause symptoms early on. People who do have symptoms may mis-
take them for the flu or mono. Common early symptoms include:
2.1.4.2.1.1 Fever
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2.1.4.2.1.3 Headache
3
The term "swollen glands" refers to enlargement of one or more lymph nodes. In a child, a node is con-
sidered enlarged if it is more than 1 centimeter (0.4 inch) in diameter.
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mouth
2.1.4.3.1.2 Semen
2.1.4.3.1.4 Mother-to-child
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2.1.4.4.1 According to Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS (06/06/2007) the HIV can be
spread by people who don't know they are infected. To protect yourself and oth-
ers:
2.1.4.5.1 Unknown author from www.medscape.com (2007) said that the advant-
ages of having HIV testing are:
2.1.4.5.1.1 Couples are free from any problem that can affect their family
relationship
3.0 BODY
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3.1.2 Jill Cadman (July 2003) states that HIV stands for Human Immunodefi-
ciency Virus that causes AIDS. While many viruses can be controlled by the im-
mune system, HIV targets and infects the same immune system cells that are
supposed to protect us from illnesses. These are a type of white blood cell called
CD4 cells. HIV takes over CD4 cells and turns them into virus factories that pro-
duce thousands of viral copies. As the virus grows, it damages or kills CD4 cells,
weakening the immune system.
3.1.3 According to Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS (06/06/2007) HIV (human immunode-
ficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, the body’s natural de-
fense system. Without a strong immune system, the body has trouble fighting off
disease. Both the virus and the infection it causes are called HIV. White blood
cells are an important part of the immune system. HIV invades and destroys cer-
tain white blood cells called CD4+ cells. If too many CD4+ cells are destroyed,
the body can no longer defend itself against infection.The last stage of HIV infec-
tion is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). People with AIDS have a
low number of CD4+ cells and get infections or cancers that rarely occur in
healthy people. These can be deadly.
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3.2.1 According to Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS (06/06/2007) the HIV may not cause
symptoms early on. People who do have symptoms may mistake them for the flu
or mono. Symptoms may appear from a few days to several weeks after a per-
son is first infected. The early symptoms usually go away within 2 to 3 weeks.
Common early symptoms include:
3.2.1.1 Fever
3.2.1.2 Sore throat
3.2.1.3 Headache
3.2.1.4 Muscle aches and joint pain
3.2.1.5 Swollen glands (swollen lymph nodes4)
3.2.1.6 Skin rash
3.2.2 Unknown author (2009) said that as the infection progresses, people with
HIV grow increasingly susceptible to illnesses and infection that don't normally af-
fect the healthy population. Without treatment, people infected with HIV can ex-
pect to develop AIDS eight to ten years after HIV infection. Taking HIV medica-
tions, however, can slow down this progression. With treatment, it can take ten to
15 years or more before you develop AIDS. In the later stages of HIV, before it
progresses to full blown AIDS, signs of HIV infection can involve more severe
symptoms include:
4
Lymph nodes are glands that play an important part in your body's defense against infection. They pro-
duce lymph, which travels throughout your body in the lymph system, and filters impurities from the body
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3.3.1 According to Sandra K. Trisdale, Ph.D (July 2003) HIV infection is caused by
the human immunodeficiency virus. HIV cannot be spread by casual contact such as
kissing or sharing drinking glasses with an infected person. You can get HIV from:
3.3.1.2 Semen
3.3.1.5 Sexual contact. Most people get the virus by having unprotected sex with
someone who has HIV (no condoms or other barrier devices)
3.3.1.6 Another common way of getting the virus is by sharing drug needles with
someone who is infected with HIV
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3.4.1 According to Maria G. Essig, MS, ELS (06/06/2007) the HIV can be spread
by people who don't know they are infected. To protect yourself and others:
3.4.1.1 Practice safe sex. Use a condom every time you have sex (in-
cluding oral sex) until you are sure you and your partner are not infec-
ted with HIV.
3.4.1.2 Don't have more than one sex partner at a time. The safest
sex is with one partner who has sex only with you.
3.4.1.3 Talk to your partner before you have sex the first time. Find
out if he or she is at risk for HIV. Get tested together and retested 6
months later. Use condoms in the meantime.
3.4.1.4 Don't drink a lot of alcohol or use illegal drugs before sex. You
might let down your guard and not practice safe sex.
6
A razor is a bladed tool primarily used in the shaving off of unwanted body hair.
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3.5.1 Unknown author from www.medscape.com (2007) said that the advantages
of having HIV testing are:
3.5.1.1 Couples are free from any problem that can affect their family rela-
tionship
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4.0 CONCLUSION
As the conclusion wedding couples should have HIV testing before they get mar-
ried in order to have a good and happy family. The compulsory pre-marital HIV testing
especially for Muslims aims to prevent the transmission from spouse to spouse or to fu-
ture offspring. However, the HIV test is only useful at that point in time; it does not guar-
antee one or both parties will not be exposed to future risk of HIV.
After all persons can lead full and healthy live for his/her entire life with their love
by having premarital HIV testing before they get married.
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REFERENCES
http://aids.about.com
http://health.yahoo.com/article/healthwise--hw151408-credits/
http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/global?page=cr08-my-00
http://www.epigee.org/health/hiv_symptoms.html
http://www.globalhealth.gov/
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hiv_aids/causes.htm
www.fast-accurate-hiv-testing.com
www.HelpTheHumanity.org
www.iasociety.org
www.private-hiv-test.com
www.wikipedia.com
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EVALUATION FORM
CLASS: BBHR3A
Preparation /5
Format /1
Introduction /0.5
Body /5
Conclusion /0.5
Language /8
Total /20
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