EFICINCIA DE ABSORO E UTILIZAO DE FSFORO POR VARIEDADES DE TRIGO

Andr Dabdab Abichequer Engenheiro Agrnomo (UFRGS)

EFICINCIA DE ABSORO E UTILIZAO DE FSFORO POR VARIEDADES DE TRIGO Autor: Andr Dabdab Abichequer Orientador: Prof. Humberto Bohnen e Prof. Ibanor Anghinoni SINOPSE

A deficincia de fsforo uma das maiores limitaes para a obteno de bons rendimentos em lavouras de trigo no Brasil. O desenvolvimento de variedades mais eficientes na absoro e/ou utilizao de fsforo constitui-se numa forma de minimizar este problema. Com este objetivo, importante a investigao das causas da maior eficincia de certas variedades. Realizou-se dois experimentos em soluo nutritiva com diferentes concentraes de fsforo. O primeiro comparou cultivares eficientes (Toropi e IAC 5) e ineficientes (IAS 20 e CNT 8) quanto quantidade de fsforo absorvido, translocao e utilizao do nutriente, matria seca produzida, morfologia das raizes e taxa de crescimento de raizes. No segundo experimento foram utilizadas as variedades Toropi e CNT 8 e realizou-se as mesmas avaliaes em nvel txico e no txico de alumnio. As variedades somente se diferenciaram quanto quantidade de fsforo absorvido no segundo experimento, quando a Toropi superou a CNT 8. No houve relao entre a absoro de fsforo e a morfologia ou a taxa de crescimento das raizes. As variedades distinguiram-se quanto eficincia de translocao de fsforo para a parte area, sendo a Toropi e a IAC 5 mais eficientes. A tolerncia ao alumnio influenciou a eficincia das cultivares na absoro e translocao de fsforo, acentuando a superioridade da Toropi em relao CNT 8. A Toropi e a IAC 5 tambm foram mais eficientes na utilizao de fsforo.

EFFICIENCY OF PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE AND UTILIZATION IN WHEAT VARIETIES' Author: Andr Dabdab Abichequer Adviser: Prof. Humberto Bohnen and Prof. Ibanor Anghinoni SUMMARY

Phosphorus deficiency is one of the majors constrains to get good yields with wheat in Brazil. The development of more efficient varieties in phosphorus uptake and/or utilization is a way to reduce this problem. To improve varieties it is important to look for the causes of some varieties' greater efficiency. Two experiments in nutrient solution with different concentrations of phosphorus were conducted. The first compared efficient (Toropi and IAC 5) and inefficient cultivars (IAS 20 and CNT 8) in relation to the amount of phosphorus taken up, phosphorus translocation and utilization, dry matter production, root morphology and root growth rate. In the second experiment the varieties Toropi and CNT 8 were cultivated and the same determinations were done in toxic and non toxic level of aluminum. Total phosphorus uptake differentiated the varieties only in the second experiment, when Toropi took up more phosphorus than CNT 8. There was no relationship between total phosphorus uptake and root morphology or root growth rate. Efficiency of phosphorus translocation to shoot differentiated the varieties, with Toropi and IAC 5 being more efficient. Aluminum tolerance affected varieties' efficiency in phosphorus uptake and translocation, increasing Toropi's advantage in relation to CNT 8. Toropi and IAC 5 were also more efficient in phosphorus utilization.