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mcd
Page 1 of 5
tf
C bb
h bw
y z tw
rb
h := 100 mm b := 49.9 mm tw := 4.88 mm tf := 4.97 mm lbeam := 1201 mm b b := 140 mm rb := 30 mm exc := 200 mm xsw := 170 mm r := 0 mm b w := h 2 tf 2 r BC := "A" b w = 90 mm [1] Table 3.2b) G := 27000 MPa
Cross weld
xsw B bb A e N rb
Partial safety factors: To compare with the test, all factors are set to 1.0
M1 := 1.0
M2 := 1.0
References
[1] [2] EN 1999-1-1 Edlund, S. Eurocode 9 - Design of aluminium structures - Part 1-1: General rules. 2007 Buckling of T-Section Beam-Columns in Aluminium with or without Transverse Welds. Strustural Engineering, Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm.
aluMATTER 2007-08-10
T Hglund
lbeam
Page 2 of 5
Cross weld
[1] 5.5 [1] Table 6.2 [1] (6.64) HAZ softening at a section xsw = 170 mm from the column end In this example use value from tests fu.haz = 253 MPa which means
0 :=
fu.haz M1
M2 fo
0 = 0.814
b
2
Ag = 935.5 mm
h bw
6 4 Ig = 1.418 10 mm
y z tw
Ig 2 h
Wel = 2.836 10 mm
Shape factor for class 3 cross-section, say Design moment of resistance of the cross section Mc,Rd
y := 1
My.Rd := fo y Wel
M1
Iz = 1.029 10 mm
3
4 3
Wz = 4.125 10 mm
Shape factor for class 3 cross-section, say Design moment of resistance Mz.Rd := fo z Wz
z := 1 M1
Mz.Rd = 1.283 kNm
2 12
b tf + 2 b tf
h tf 1 3 + ( h 2 tf ) tw 12 2
aluMATTER
Iy = 1.418 10 mm
2007-08-10
tf
Page 3 of 5
lyc = 1.261 10 mm Ncr = 616.044 kN
Buckling load
E Iy
lyc
2
Slenderness parameter
y :=
Agr fo Ncr
:= 0.5 1 + ( y o) + y
2
= 0.795 y = 0.837
y := min
1
2 y 2
, 1
fo
:= 1 M1
Aeff Ny.Rd = 243.6 kN
E Iz
lzc
2
Slenderness parameter
2 := 0.5 1 + ( z o) + z
z :=
Agr fo Ncr
z := min
1
2 2
+ z
, 1
Nz.Rd := z NRd := fo fo
[1] 6.3.1.1
M1
Aeff
M1
Aeff
0 = 0.814 x = 0.9
[1] (6.65)
x := min
T Hglund
aluMATTER
2007-08-10
Page 4 of 5
0 := y
0 = 1 yc = 0.837
My.Ed = 3.4 kNm Uy = 0.591
yc := 0 y
NEd Uy := y x NRd
yc
My.Ed
0 My.Rd
Lateral-torsional buckling
[1] Annex J Figure J.2 Warping constant: Iw := It :=
(h tf )2 Iz
4 2 b tf + h tw 3 Wy := Wel
3 3
Iw = 2.324 10 mm It = 7.958 10 mm
4 3
4 3
L := lbeam 2 b b
Wy = 2.836 10 mm
Constant bending moment, warping prevented at the ends [1] I.1.2 C, k , and k w constants C1 := 1 kz := 1 kw := 0.5
[1] I.1.2
wt := cr :=
Mcr :=
kw L C1 kz
E Iw G It
2
wt = 1.877 cr = 2.127
L = 921 mm Mcr = 9.03 kNm
[1] (I.7)
1 + wt
[1] (I.2)
cr
L
E Iz G It
[1] 6.3.2.(1)
LT :=
y Wy fo
Mcr
LT := LT +
LT LT
xs := xsw 2
xs :=
3
lbeam 2
+ rb
xs lzc
= ( 0 0.135 0.5 )
T Hglund
aluMATTER
2007-08-10
Page 5 of 5
e D C bb N rb
0 := 0 i
Weld at section i = 2
( ) 0 := if ( i = 2 , 0 , 1 )
0 := if 0 > 1 , 1 , 0 i i i
i i
0 = ( 1 0.814 1 )
lbeam xsw B e N
[1] (6.65) or (6.69)
x :=
3 Cross weld 2
bb
xs z + ( 1 z) sin lzc
xLT :=
LT + ( 1 LT ) sin
xs lzc
0 := z y 0 := z
2 2
0 := if ( 0 < 1 , 1 , if ( 0 > 2 , 2 , 0) ) 0 := if ( 0 < 1 , 1 , if ( 0 > 2 , 2 , 0) ) 0 := if ( 0 < 1 , 1 , 0) c := if ( c < 0.8 , 0.8 , c) y = 0.837 z = 0.148 zc := if ( zc < 0.8 , 0.8 , zc)
Mz.Ed := 0 kNm
0 = 1 0 = 1 0 = 1 c = 0.8 c = 1 zc = 0.8
0 := y
c := 0 z c := 0 zc := 0 z
Comment: Uz.max = 1.013 mean that the test failure load exceeded the characteristic strength with 1.3%
T Hglund
aluMATTER
2007-08-10
rb