22.

Religion and positive psychology: happiness Theories in the psychology of religion are concerned with mapping the correlates of individual differences in religiosity in terms of positive psychology and areas of personal development. Leslie J Francis research in this area has concentrated specifically on areas like self esteem, empathy, and happiness.

Chapters Jones, S. H., & Francis, L. J. (1996). Religiosity and self-esteem during childhood and adolescence. In L. J. Francis, W. K. Kay, & W. S. Campbell (Eds.), Research in religious education (pp. 189206). Leominster: Gracewing. ISBN 0-85244-342-0 and ISBN 1-57312-053-7. Robbins, M. & Francis, L. J. (1996). Are religious people happier? A study among undergraduates. In L. J. Francis, W. K. Kay, & W. S. Campbell (Eds.), Research in religious education (pp. 207218). Leominster: Gracewing. ISBN 0-85244-342-0 and ISBN 1-57312-053-7. Francis, L. J. (2005). Prayer, personality and purpose in life among churchgoing and non-churchgoing adolescents. In L. J. Francis, M. Robbins, & J. Astley (Eds.), Religion, education and adolescence: International empirical perspectives (pp. 15-38). Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-1957-2. Francis, L. J. (2007). God images and empathy: A study among secondary school pupils in England. In P. Heggy (Ed.), What do we imagine God to be? The function of God images in our lives (pp. 67-88.). Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 0-7734-5488-8. Robbins, M., Francis, L. J., & Kerr, S. (2007). God images and self-esteem among secondary school pupils in South Africa. In P. Heggy (Ed.), What do we imagine God to be? The function of God images in our lives (pp. 89-107). Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 0-7734-5488-8. Francis, L. J. (2010), Religion and happiness: Perspectives from psychology of religion, positive psychology and empirical theology. In J. Atherton, E. Graham, & I. Steedman (Eds.), The practices of happiness: Political economy, religion and wellbeing (pp.113-124). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-55097-0. Articles Francis, L. J., & Pearson, P. R. (1987). Empathic development during adolescence: religiosity the missing link? Personality and Individual Differences, 8, 145-148. Francis, L. J. (1992). The influence of religion, gender and social class on attitudes toward school among eleven-year-olds in England. Journal of Experimental Education, 60, 339-348, 1992 Kay, W. K., & Francis, L. J. (1994). Well-being and its educational consequences. Spectrum, 26(1), 914. Francis, L. J., & Burton, L. (1994). The influence of personal prayer on purpose in life among Catholic adolescents. Journal of Beliefs and Values, 15(2), 6-9. Francis, L. J., & Evans, T. E. (1996). The relationship between personal prayer and purpose in life among churchgoing and non-churchgoing 12-15 year olds in the UK. Religious Education, 91, 9-21. Francis, L. J., & Lester, D. (1997). Religion, personality and happiness. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 12, 81-86. Francis, L. J., & Bolger, J. (1997). Religion and psychological well-being in later life. Psychological Reports, 80, 1050. Francis, L. J., Jones, S.H., & Wilcox, C. (1997). Religiosity and dimensions of psychological well-

being among 16-19 year olds. Journal of Christian Education, 40(1), 15-20. Francis, L. J., & Bolger, J. (1997). Personality and psychological well-being in later life. Irish Journal of Psychology, 18, 444-447. Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2000). Religion and happiness: a study in empirical theology. Transpersonal Psychology Review, 4(2), 17-22. Francis, L. J. (2000) The relationship between bible reading and purpose in life among 13-15 year olds. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 3, 27-36. Francis, L. J., Jones, S. H., & Wilcox, C. (2000). Religiosity and happiness: During adolescence, young adulthood and later life. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 19, 245-257. Francis, L. J., & Jones, S. H., (2000). Psychological type and happiness: A study among adult churchgoers. Journal of Psychological Type, 54, 36-41. Fisher, J. W., Francis, L. J., & Johnson, P. (2000). Assessing spiritual health via four domains of spiritual wellbeing: The SH4DI. Pastoral Psychology, 49, 133-145. Robbins, M., & Francis, L. J. (2000). Religion, personality and wellbeing: The relationship between church attendance and purpose in life among undergraduates attending an Anglican College in Wales. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 9, 223-238. Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2000). The influence of religion on undergraduates attending an Anglican college: church attendance, personality and wellbeing. Prologue, 2, 11-19. Francis, L. J., & Kaldor, P. (2001). The relationship between religion and purpose in life in an Australian population sample. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 12, 53-63. Francis, L. J., & Kaldor, P. (2002). The relationship between psychological well-being and Christian faith and practice in an Australian population sample. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41, 179-184. Francis, L. J., & Kaldor, P. (2002). The relationship between religion and Rosenbergs measure of self esteem in an Australian population sample. Transpersonal Psychology Review, 6(1), 53-59. Francis, L. J., & Katz, Y. J. (2002). Religiosity and happiness: A study among Israeli female undergraduates. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 13, 75-86. Fisher, J. W., Francis, L. J., & Johnson, P. (2002). The personal and social correlates of spiritual wellbeing among primary school teachers. Pastoral Psychology, 51, 3-11. Francis, L. J., Ziebertz, H.-G., Lewis, C. A. (2003). The relationship between religion and happiness among German students. Pastoral Psychology, 51, 273-281. Kalbheim, B., Francis, L. J., &. Ziebertz, H.-G. (2003). Christlicher Glaube und Glck: eine empirische studie zum zusammenhang von religiositt und glckserfahrungen. Archiv fr Religionspsychologie, 25, 42-61. Francis, L. J., Robbins, M., Lewis, C. A., Quigley, C. F., & Wheeler, C. (2004). Religiosity and general health among undergraduate students: a response to OConnor, Cobb and OConnor. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 485-494.

Francis, L. J., Katz, Y. J., Yablon, Y., & Robbins, M. (2004). Religiosity, personality, and happiness: A study among Israeli male undergraduates. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5, 315-333. Robbins, M., &. Francis, L. J. (2005). Purpose in life and prayer among Catholic and Protestant adolescents in Northern Ireland. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 14, 73-93. Williams, E., Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2006). Rejection of Christianity and self-esteem. North American Journal of Psychology, 8, 193-195. Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2006). Prayer, purpose in life, personality and social attitudes among non-churchgoing 13- to 15-year-olds in England and Wales. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 17, 123-155. Hills, P. R., Francis, L. J., & Jennings, P. (2006). Religious behaviour, personality and dimensions of self-esteem among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 15, 61-76. Robbins, M., Francis L. J., & Williams, E. (2007). Church attendance and self-esteem among adolescents. The Psychologist in Wales, 20, 4-5. ISSN 1468 4756. Robbins, M., Francis, L. J., & Edwards, B. (2008). Prayer, personality and happiness: A study among undergraduate students in Wales. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 11, 93-99. ISSN 1367-4676. Francis L. J., &Robbins M. (2008). The relationship between denominational affiliation and spiritual health among weekly churchgoing 13-15-year-old adolescents in England. Journal of Education and Christian Belief, 12, 21-39. ISSN 1366-5456. Francis, L. J., Hills P. R., Schludermann, E. & Schludermann, S. (2008). Religion, psychological wellbeing, and personality: A study among undergraduate students in Canada. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 19, 1-16. ISSN 0922 2936. Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2009). Prayer, purpose in life, and attitude toward substances: A study among 13- to 15-year-olds in England and Wales. Counselling and Spirituality, 28(2), 83-104. ISSN 0713 3383. Francis, L. J., Jewell, A., & Robbins, M. (2010). The relationship between religious orientation personality and purpose in life among an older Methodist sample. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 13, 777-791. ISSN 1367 4676. Francis, L. J., Rolph, J., Rolph, P. W., & Robbins, M. (2010).Personality and the happiness of others: A study among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents. Applied Psychology: Health and Wellbeing, 2, 241-249. ISSN 1758 0846. Williams, E., Francis, L. J., & Village, A. (2010). Marriage, religion and human flourishing: How sustainable is the classic Durkeim thesis in contemporary Europe? Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 13, 93-104. ISSN 1367 4676. Tiliopoulos, N., Francis, L. J., & Slattery, M. (2011). The affective dimension of religion and happiness among Hindu Bunts in South India. Transpersonal Psychology Review, 14(2), 2529. ISSN 1336 6991. Williams, E., Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2011). Implicit religion and the quest for meaning: Purpose in life and transcendental beliefs. Implicit Religion, 14, 45-65. ISSN 1463 9955.

Francis, L. J., Elken, A., & Robbins, M. (2012). The affective dimension of religion and personal happiness among students in Estonia. Journal of Research in Christian Education. 21, 84-90. ISSN 1065 6219.