Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
"THE GREATEST SINGLE FACT ABOUT OUR MODERN AMERICAN WRITING IS OUR WRITERS' ABSORPTION IN EVERY LAST DETAIL OF THEIR AMERICAN WORLD TOGETHER WITH THEIR DEEP AND SUBTLE ALIENATION FROM IT." - ALFRED KAZIN
Darwinism
Charles Darwin
Evolution
Displacement of the human position of privilege Collapsing of boundaries between human and animal
Existentialist Philosophy
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
Freudian Theory
Sigmund Freud
Psychoanalysis
Psychological determinism Forces inside the self impact human behavior
Marxism
Karl Marx
Economic determinism
Forces outside the self impact human behavior Class struggle
Modernism as Movement
Painting
Spirit of experimentation New ways of seeing New materials New ideas about the function of art Abstraction
Sculpture
Addition: disparate objects and materials Construction: involuntary sculpture Abstract Stylized Minimalist
Architecture
Materials and functional requirements determine the results (form follows function) Adoption of the machine aesthetic Rejection of ornament Simplification of form
Music
Sound-based composition: noise, factory, mechanical, speech Extended techniques and sounds Expansion on/abandonment of tonality
Sciences
Quantum Theory Theory of Relativity Treatment of light and color Treatment of energy Treatment of time and space
international culture Free expression of sexual and political matters Technology as liberation Revolution
express love The modern self has a tormented recollection of the past
Expatriate writer
Major work: Nightwood (1936)
Djuna Barnes
Critique of materialism in early works Literature includes fragments of pop songs, news headlines, streamof-consciousness monologues, naturalistic fragments from the lives of a horde of unrelated characters Major works: Manhattan Transfer (1925), U.S.A. (1938)
The most dominant literary figure between the two world wars. Influential poet and literary critic. Conceives of the poem as an object demanding a fusion and concentration of intellect, feeling, and experience. Major Works: Prufrock and Other Observations (1917), The Waste Land (1922)
T.S. Eliot
Southern American writer Many works center on the mythical Yoknapatawpha county Experimental techniques include stream-ofconsciousness and dislocation of narrative time Focus on issues of sex, class, race relations The Sound and the Fury (1929), As I Lay Dying (1930), Absalom, Absalom! (1936)
William Faulkner
Focus on Jazz Age and Great Depression Examination of American materialism Exploration of the American dream Major works: The Great Gatsby (1925), Tender is the Night (1934)
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Iceberg Theory of literature (one-eighth above water) Spare, tight journalistic prose style Objective, detached point of view Examination of masculinity, gender Major works: The Sun Also Rises (1926), A Farewell to Arms (1929), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940)
Ernest Hemingway
Gertrude Stein
Embodied the union of the artistic and the practical Employed in the insurance business Opaque poetic style, meaning is not transparent
Major works: Harmonium (1923), The Man with the Blue Guitar (1937)
Wallace Stevens
Satirizes American society Collapse of the American dream Investigation of material culture Major works: Miss Lonelyhearts (1933), Day of the Locust (1939)
Nathanael West