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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

ACNEStudyGuide
Author
MohamedN.ElGuindy
BSc.CS.TrinityUniversity,USA
MCSE,MCT
IEEEComputerSocietyMember
BritishComputerSocietyMember
IWA&HWGMember
MemberofExpertsExchange
MemberofELearningGuild
MemberofWAOE
Listedin"MarquiseWho'sWhointheWorld2007Publication"byinvitation.
ChiefInformationOfficer
ASKPC,LLC
Alpharetta,GA
USA
ASKPC
TheLargestArabicTechnicalSupportCommunityinassociationwith
Microsoft
Symantec
Winternals
Sysinternals
ASKPC,LLCisaregisteredlegalnameinUnitedStatesofAmerica.
Dedication:
Thisworkisdedicatedtomygreatwifeforhercontinuessupport.
ContacttheAuthor
admin@askpc.com
naguib@computer.org
Thisbookisprotectedbyinternationalcopyrightlaw
Copyright2006www.askpc.org

Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

"

" ACNE

ASK PC


.




.



.

ACTSP ACTSE

.

.

Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

A
ACN
NE

ASK PC

Certified Network Engineer



.Microsoft .

:






.
.

Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

NetworkFundamentals




.

N
Neettw
woorrkE
Elleem
meen
ntts



Networking

Elements

L
LooccaalA
ArreeaN
Neettw
woorrk(L
LA
AN)

LAN



Hub Switch

Node

185m

Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

W
Wiid
deA
ArreeaN
Neettw
woorrk(W
WA
AN)

WAN

! WAN

WAN

LAN

- WAN

LAN

- LAN

WAN

- WAN LAN

W
Woorrk
kssttaattiioon
n

Workstation

Client

Resources

Workstation Client

Client Workstation Printer


.Workstation

Client

S
Seerrvveerrs
""
Workstations Server

Multiprocessors RAID Technology


Server

Windows2003Server

Servers

:FileServer
:PrintServer
:ProxyServer
:ApplicationServer

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

:WebServer
:MailServer
Servers

H
Hoossttss
Host

TCP/IP

TCP/IP

Hosts

P
PeeeerT
ToP
PeeeerN
Neettw
woorrk

Peer

Resources

Server

Client

C
Clliieen
nt/S
SeerrvveerN
Neettw
woorrk

Server

Peer

Administration

Centralized

Security

Peer

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

P
Ph
hyyssiiccaalN
Neettw
woorrkT
Toop
poollooggiiees



.
:

NetworkTopologies

Wireless

Mesh

Ring

Star

Bus

B
Bu
usT
Toop
poollooggyy

Terminator

CTSE

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10

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

S
SttaarrtT
Toop
poollooggy
Star

LAN

Troubleshoot

Centralized Switching

R
Riin
ngT
Toop
poollooggy

Data

PhysicalTopologies

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11

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

M
MeesshT
Toop
poollooggy

LANs

WANs

W
WiirreelleesssT
Toop
poolooggy

RF Radio Frequencies

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12

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

S
Seeggm
meen
ntts&B
Baacck
kb
boon
ne

Segment

Segments Backbone

Fiber

Optics FastEthernet

Servers
Backbone Workstation

Segments

P
Ph
hyyssiiccaalM
Meed
diia



.

PhysicalMedia

FiberOptics

TwistedPair

CoaxialCables

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13

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

C
CooaaxxiiaalC
Caab
bllees

Satellites

Coax

PVC

Connectors

connectors

BNC

Male .Female

Signal Bounce

Cable

Terminators

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14

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

T
Tw
wiisstteedP
PaaiirC
Caab
bllees

Pairs

UTP UnshieldedTwistedPair

Star STP
ShieldedTwistedPair

TokenRing

CAT Category

:CAT 1

Two Twisted Pair

DataCommunication

Voice

:CAT2 4TwistedPair

4Mbps

:CAT3 4TwistedPair

10Mbps

:CAT4 4TwistedPair

16Mbps

:CAT5 4TwistedPair

100Mbps


:CAT

6
1000Mbps

4TwistedPair

Twisted Pair

UTPCAT5Cable

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Jack

RJ45

RJ

Registered

CAT 1

. RJ11

EthernetCableDescription

Ethernet

100BaseT

N<signal>X
N

100Megabit/second

Signal Base
Baseband Broad Broadband

.IEEE

100BaseT

T IEEE

TwistedPair

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16

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

F
Fiib
beerO
Op
pttiicC
Caab
bllees

.FiberOptics

STConnectors StraightTip

Connectors SCConnectors SubscriberConnector




CAT5

Backbone

UTPCables .Coaxial

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17

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

N
Neettw
woorrkC
Coon
nn
neeccttiivviittyD
Deevviiccees

Routers, Switches

N
NIIC

NIC

Network Interface Card

Switch Hub

StartTopology

Motherboards

Builtin Ethernet Card

10/100Mbps 1000Mbps

PCMCIANIC

WirelessNIC

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18

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

H
Hu
ub
Ethernet

Topology

Star

Hub

Sender


Ports

Receivers

S
Sw
wiittcch

Hub

Hub

DirectLink

Sender Receiver

Hub

Switches

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19

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

B
Brriid
dggees

2 Segments

.Traffic

R
Roou
utteer

networks

dissimilar

LAN

WAN

Router

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20

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

G
Gaatteew
waayys

Hardware Software

LAN Mainframe

Gateway EmailGateway
.EmailServers

M
Mood
deem
ms

ADSLModems ISDNModems

C
CS
SU/D
DS
SU
ChannelService Unit Data Service Unit

TSeriesdataConnections T1Line

Router

T1Lines

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21

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

TheOSIModel

Data layers

O
OS
SIM
Mood
deelIIn
nttrrood
du
uccttiioon

Open System Interconnect


Hardware

OS

OSI Model

Model

OSI

OSIModel

ISO

OSIModel

layers

All People Seem To Need

Data Processing

Application
Presentation
Session

Layer

Transport
Network
DataLink



Physical

Physical

.Application
!

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22

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Layers

Dos Mac

OSI

Model

Protocol

ApplicationLayer
Layer

Layer

Model Applications

Word Access Application


Word

Tools

Applications

PresentationLayer
Layer
Exchange

Data

Character Set Encryption

Compression
SessionLayer
Layer

Layer

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Transportlayer
Layer

Layer

ErrorFree

.
ACK








Acknowledgement

.ACK

LogicalAddress/names

NetworkLayer
Layer Logical Names
Physical Addresses

QoS Quality Of Service

Routing
(Routers,Layer3Switches)

DataLinkLayer
OSI Model Physical Layer
Structure
Topologies

Logical

Logical Network

.ACK

MAC Media Access Control LLC

Logical Link Control Packet


Physical Address
Hexadecimal

. MAC Address

A F

07:57:AC:B2:76 :

Bridges
Switches
NIC

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

PhysicalLayer

Pins

Hardware

PhysicalLayer
Physical Topologies

(Star, Ring, Mesh, and Bus) Topologies

(NICTransceivers PhysicalLayer

RepeatersHubs)

Repeater

Amplify

LogicalTopology

Physical Topology

LogicalTopology

Physical

Topology

PhysicalTopology

CSMA/CD
TokenPassing
CSMA/CA

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

CSMA/CS
CarrierSense/MultipleAccesswithCollisionDetection

Carrier

Collision

Ethernet WirelessEthernet

TokenPassing
Packet

Token

" "

Token

Token

Token

CSMA/CA
CarrierSense/MultipleAccesswithCollisionAvoidance

CSMA/CD

Sender RTS

CTS

AppleTalk

CSMA/CD

CSMA/CA


! !!!

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26

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

N
Neettw
woorrk
kiin
ngP
Prroottooccoolls


:

TCP/IP
IPX/SPX
NetBEUI
AppleTalk
TCP/IP
TransferControlProtocol /InternetProtocol

Protocol

IPS/SPX

NovelNetWare
Protocol

LANServer WANserver
InternetworkPacketeXchange/SequencesPacketeXchange
NetBEUI

IBM

NetBIOS

Microsoft Novell

Servers WindowsNT Windows2000

NetBEUI/NetBIOS

AppleTalk
Apple Macintosh

AppleTalk LocalTalk
EtherTalk .Ethernet

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

TCP/IPFundamentals

TCP/IP

T
TC
CP/IIP

TCP/IP

Standard

ARPAnet

Berkeley

Unix

UNIXBSD BerkeleySoftwareDistribution
TCP/IP UNIX

TCP/IP


:
TCP/IP - TCP/IP

Hardware

FailureRecovery


.
-

TCP/IP DoDModel DepartmentofDefense Model




Layers

OSI Model

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

DoDModel
Process/ApplicationLayer
FTP,Telnet
HosttoHostLayer

TCP

Packet

InternetLayer
IP Packet
NetworkAccessLayer

T
Trraan
nssm
miissssiioonC
Coon
nttrroolP
Prroottooccool(T
TC
CP)

Datagram

Datagram

datagram Header
Datagram

Datagram Checksum

Datagram

TCP

Source Port

datagram

Destination Port

Sequence Number .

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29

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Acknowledgement Number

Offset

Header

Reversed

Flags

Window Packet

UrgentPointer

Options
Padding Header

32Bit

StartofData

IIn
ntteerrn
neetP
Prroottooccool
IP

route Data

TCP

Header IP Header

Header

TCP

IP Datagram

Routing Header

IP

Version IP
IPv4

IPv6

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

IHL InternetHeaderLength

Header

32bit

TOS TypeofService

TotalLength

Datagram

576bytes

65.532bytes

Identification

datagram

Flags bit datagram

Bit

FragmentationOffset

Packet

TimetoLive

Packet

Packet

Lost hop

Protocol

TCP/IP
Protocol

Protocol

HeaderChecksum

TCP

32hops

UDP UserDatagram

Header

TCPHeader Header

TCP

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

A
Ap
pp
plliiccaattiioonP
Prroottooccoolls
.TCP/IP

SNMP
SimpleNetworkManagementProtocol
NetworkAdministrators

Switches Routers

FTP
File Transfer Protocol

FTP Servers

FTP

TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol FTP
BootImage BootDisk

SMTP
SimpleMail Transfer Protocol

Routers

Emails
POP
PostOfficeProtocol

POP3 IMAP

IMAP
InternetMailAccessProtocol

EmailHeader

Yahoo

POP3

Server

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Telnet
TerminalEmulation

ICMP
InternetControlMessageProtocol
Ping

Host

Host

HTTP
HypertextTransferProtocol
Webservers

InternetBrowser

ARP
AddressResolutionProtocol

PhysicalHardware IP

NTP
NetworkTimeProtocol
DavidMills

Delaware

Synchronize

NuclearClock

UDP
UserdatagramProtocol
IP
Transport

Port

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

33

P
Poorrtts&S
Soocck
keetts

Port

Port

Port

Port

Ports 65535 16

TCP

TCP/IP

Port

TCP

Port

Port

bit

UDPPorts Ports

23 Port Telnet Servers

HTTP

80 Port Web servers Port

Ports

PORT
UDPPort15
TCPPort21
TCPPort23
TCPPort25
UDPPort53
UDPPort69
TCPPort70
TCPPort79
TCP/UDPPort80
TCP/UDPPort443
TCPPort110
UDPPort111
TCPPort119
TCPPort123
UDPPort137
UDPPort161
UDPPort2049

PROTOCOL
NETSTAT
FTP
Telnet
SMTP
DNS
TFTP
Gopher
Finger
HTTP
HTTPS
POP3
RPC
NNTP
NTP
NetBIOSNameService
SNMP(NetworkMonitor)
NFS

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

U
Un
nd
deerrssttaan
nd
diin
ngIIPA
Ad
dd
drreessss
IP

TCP/IP

.
.IPv6

IP IPv4

IPv4

32bit


255 192.168.0.1

IP

Octet .Byte
IP

Classes IP
IPv6

IP

IP

IPv4 IPv6 128 bit

Octillion

79

(79.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000)
Binary

Hexadecimal

(3FFE:0B00:0800:0002:0000:0000:0000:000C)
IPv4Classifications
:
IP
(ClassA,ClassB,ClassC,ClassD,ClassE)
ClassA

IBM, HP 0

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35

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

ClassB

Microsoft

10

) (

ClassC

110

LAN
ClassD

ClassE
.

IPv4 32BitNumber

IP

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

ClassC
192.168.0.0
255.255.255.0
2,097,152
254
N,N,N,H

ClassB
128.0.0.0
191.255.0.0
16,384
65,534
N,N,H,H

ClassA
1.0.0.0
126.0.0.0
126
16,777,214
N,H,H,H

N=NetworkID

IPStart
IPEnd
No.ofNetworks
No.ofNodes
NetworkOctet

H=HostID

:
126
127

Loopback Test

ping 127.0..0.1

128

ClassANetwork

191

ClassB

192 223 ClassCNetwork

223

S
Su
ub
bn
neetts


IPv4

Subnetting

Subnet Address
IP

Host

Bits

Class

SubnetMask

NetworkClasses

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

SubnetMask ClassCNetwork

255.255.255.0

Subnet Bits

Binary

Bits ClassCNetwork

11111111111111111111111100000000
Binary

ViewScientific

Bin Binary

255.255.255.0

SubnetMask 11111111

Dec Decimal

255

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38

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

IIPP
PrrooxxyS
Seerrvveerrss
Server

Proxy

Servers

Traffic

Firewall

Proxy

Proxy Server

ProxyServercaching
Proxy
Active Caching

Passive Caching

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39

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Caching

ICP
InternetCacheProtocol
ProxyServers

ProxyServerCache

Servers

Proxy

CARP
CacheArrayRoutingProtocol

Cache

ICP

ProxyServers

N
Naam
meR
Reessoollu
uttiioonM
Meetth
hood
ds

IP


www.askpc.com

192.168.0.20

InternetDomainOrganization

TopLevelDomains TLD

Domains

.com
.edu
.gov
.int
.mil
.net

.org


.org

TLD

.com

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Hosts
Host

IP

IP Host

HOSTS

IP
192.168.0.1Server
192.168.0.2User1

HOSTS



! !

DNS
Domain Name Service Host IP

IP Host DomainName

www.askpc.com

Browser TCP/IP Protocol Port 80

Server

DNS IP

www.askpc.com

IP Browser

Server

IPs

Names

DNS Servers

Propagation Domain

Host

Records DNSServer
Mail.askpc.comINA 192.168.0.10

MXRecord MailExchangeRecord

mailhost

CNAME Record

www FTP

DNSTable

DNS Server

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

www.askpc.com
ftp.askpc.com
Mail.askpc.com
Host.askpc.com
Host.askpc.com

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN

DNSServer

A
CNAME
A
MX
MX

41

204.167.47.2
www.askpc.com
204.167.47.9
10mail.askpc.com
20mail.askpc.com

DNSTable

W
WIIN
NS
WindowsInternetNamingService

NetBIOS

TCP/IP WINS Microsoft

Microsoft IP Names

C
Coon
nffiiggu
urriin
ngIIPA
Ad
dd
drreesssiinW
Wiin
nd
doow
wsX
XP

LAN

IP
.WindowsXP

Properties MyNetworkPlaces

RClick
:

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42

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

ChangeSettingsof ThisConnection

Fileand Printer Sharing


QoS

TCP/IP

IP

Internet

Protocol
Properties

IP

Use the following IP Address


Static IP

IP Address



192.168.0.2

Subnet Mask

Class C Network

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.0

Gateway

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

Router DNS Servers



Advanced

WINS NetBIOS

V
VL
LA
AN
VirtualLocalAreaNetwork VirtualLAN

Hubs

Switches

Virtual

Switch 48 Port

Load

Software
Switch PORTS

Traffic

PORT

Traffic

VLAN1

VLAN2 Switch

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

TCP/IPUtilities

TCP/IPTools

TCP/IP

A
AR
RPT
Taab
blle
AddressResolutionProtocol

TCP/IP

IP MACaddress

IP
Request
WhoisIPAddress192.168.0.1 ? IP
MACaddress

ARPTABLE

.Static

Dynamic

DynamicEntry

Request

StaticEntry

Manually

Dynamic MACAddress

.ARPUtility

ARPUtility

ARP MACaddress

ARPTable

IP

Switches

DHCP

DynamicHostProtocol DynamicIP

MACAddress

ARP

CommandPrompt

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45

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

C:\>arpa

MACAddress

ARPEntryType

IPAddress

ARP

Switches

.
ARPTable

C:\>arps[IPaddress][MACAddress]

S Switch

Static

IP

MACAddress

Restart

Live

TTL TimeTo

.ARP

www.askpc.com/academy

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46

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

NetstatUtility

netstat

C:\>netstata
a All

UDP

TCP/IP

Connections

TCP/IP UDP

Established

Listening.

netstat/? CommandLine

C:\>netstate



www.askpc.com/academy

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47

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

NbtstatUtility

NetBIOS

NetBIOS

NetBIOS .TCP/IP
IP

C:\>Nbtstata192.168.0.2

IP

HostName

MACAddress

CommandLine
C:\>Nbtstat/?

FTPUtility

FileTransferProtocol

Servers

Server

FTP

CuteFTP

CommandLine

.FTP

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48

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

FTP

CommandPrompt

CommandLine

C:\>FTP
FTP

FTP>open ftp.askpc.com

Connection

FTP

ftp>close

ftp>bye

FTP

ftp>help

FTP CommandLine

FTP

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

?
ascii

49

torequesthelp orinformationabouttheFTPcommands
tosetthemodeoffiletransfertoASCII
(thisisthedefaultandtransmitssevenbitspercharacter)
binary tosetthemodeoffiletransfertobinary
(thebinarymodetransmitsalleightbitsperbyteandthusprovidesless
chanceofatransmissionerrorandmustbeusedtotransmitfilesotherthan
ASCIIfiles)
bye
toexittheFTPenvironment(sameasquit)
cd
tochangedirectoryontheremotemachine
close toterminateaconnectionwithanothercomputer
closebrubeck ClosesthecurrentFTPconnectionwithbrubeck,
butstillleavesyouwithintheFTPenvironment.
delete todelete(remove)afileinthecurrentremotedirectory(sameasrm in
UNIX)
get
tocopyonefilefromtheremotemachinetothelocalmachine
getABCDEF
copiesfileABC inthecurrentremotedirectoryto(oron
topof)afilenamedDEF inyourcurrentlocaldirectory.
getABC
copiesfileABC inthecurrentremotedirectoryto(oron
topof)afilewiththesamename,ABC,inyourcurrent
localdirectory.
help
torequestalistofallavailableFTPcommands
lcd
tochangedirectoryonyourlocalmachine(sameasUNIXcd)
ls
tolistthenamesofthefilesinthecurrentremotedirectory
mkdir tomakeanewdirectorywithinthecurrentremotedirectory
mget
tocopymultiplefilesfromtheremotemachinetothelocalmachine
youarepromptedforay/n answerbeforetransferringeachfile
mget*
Copiesallthefilesinthecurrentremotedirectorytoyour
currentlocaldirectory,usingthesamefilenames.Notice
theuseofthewildcardcharacter,*.
mput
tocopymultiplefilesfromthelocalmachinetotheremotemachine
youarepromptedforay/n answerbeforetransferringeachfile
open
toopenaconnectionwithanothercomputer
openbrubeck OpensanewFTPconnectionwithbrubeck
youmustenterausernameandpasswordforabrubeck
account
(unlessitistobeananonymousconnection).
put
tocopyonefilefromthelocalmachinetotheremotemachine
pwd
to findoutthepathnameofthecurrentdirectoryontheremotemachine
quit
toexittheFTPenvironment(sameasbye)
rmdir toremove(delete)adirectoryinthecurrentremotedirectory

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50

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

PingUtility

Network

Administrators
Host

IP

CommandLine

Host

C:\>ping192.168.0.2

Host

Ping

ping /?

Ipconfig Utility

C:\>Ipconfig

IP,SubnetMask,

Gateway

C:\>Ipconfig/all

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51

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

TracertUtility

www.askpc.com

Packet

Server

Packet

RouterInterfaces Packet Trace Route

Tracert

C:\>tracertwww.askpc.com
!

Server

Packet

TelnetUtility
TerminalEmulation

Unix

Server Telnet

C:\>telnet
Telnet

.Telnet

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52

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

NslookupUtility
Name Server IP
Nslookup

IP

Name

CommandLine
C:\>Nslookup
Nslookup

>

>www.askpc.com
IP Name
IP

Browser

set

Mail Server

Domain Nslookup >

>settype=mx
>www.askpc.com

MXRecord

Host

Nslookup

exit

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53

CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification

OverviewofNetworkOperatingSystems

:

NovellNetWare
MicrosoftWindowsNT
UNIX
MacOS

N
NoovveelllN
NeettW
Waarre

Novell
Microsoft 1993

PC WindowsNT

UNIX


Linux

AppleMacOS

NetWare Novell

UserInterface

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CertifiedNetworkEngineerStudyGuide ACNE Certification


NetWare

EXE

JAVA . NetWare

Processor

HotPluggable PCI

NetWare NetWare

Windows,Unix,MacOSOS/2

Novell

NetWare

Servers

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W
Wiin
nd
doow
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NT

Microsoft

Microsoft

Windows95/98

Microsoft



NetWare

NetWare

Microsoft

Microsoft MicrosoftWindows2000Server
MicrosoftWindows2000 MicrosoftWindows2003Server
WindowsXP WindowsVista
NT

NT

Microsoft

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NTVer.

MarketingName

Editions

ReleaseDate

Build

NT3.1

WindowsNT3.1

Workstation (named just July 27,1993


Windows NT), Advanced
Server

528

NT3.5

WindowsNT3.5

Workstation,Server

September21,1994

807

NT3.51

WindowsNT3.51

Workstation,Server

May 30,1995

1057

NT4.0

WindowsNT4.0

Workstation,Server,Server July 29,1996


Enterprise
Edition,
TerminalServer,Embedded

1381

NT5.0

Windows2000

Professional,
Server, February 17,2000
Advanced
Server,
DatacenterServer

2195

NT5.1

WindowsXP

Home, Professional, IA64, October25,2001


Media Center(2002,2003,
2004 & 2005), Tablet PC,
Starter,Embedded,N

2600

NT5.2

WindowsServer2003

Standard,
Enterprise, April24,2003
Datacenter, Web, Small
BusinessServer

3790

NT5.2

WindowsXP(x64)

Professionalx64Edition

3790

NT6.0

WindowsVista

Starter,HomeBasic,Home Business: November2006 Unknown


Premium,
Business, Consumer: January 2007 (the current
Enterprise,Ultimate
betais5472)

NT6.0

Windows
Server Unknown
"Longhorn" (codename)

2007(expected)

Unknown

???

Windows
(codename)

"Fiji" Unknown

2008(expected)

Unknown

???

Windows
(codename)

"Vienna" Unknown

2011(planned)

Unknown

April25,2005

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WindowsVista

.2007

Windows

Network DomainNetwork WorkgroupNetwork


Domain Server

Workgroup

Domain


.InstallingNetwork

Windows

SupportEngineer

CertifiedTechnical

www.askpc.com/academy.php

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U
UN
NIIX

Bell

UNIX Kernel

Linux Distributions
Linux

Linus Torvalds

.Intel

!Microsoft
.OpenSource Linux

M
MaacO
OS
Apple Macintosh

Mac


MacOSX Apple

Intel

PowerPC

Apple Intel

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Apple AppleShare

Print Server Server

Email

DatabaseServer FilemakerPro.
Security Windows .UNIX
!

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NetworkInstallation

Hardware Cables

Software

Windows

.Linux

D
Deessiiggn
niin
ngY
Yoou
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Neettw
woorrk

Network Design

Microsoft Visio SmartDraw


Templates

SmartDraw

SmartDraw

.
:
-

Switches

Workgroup Domain

DynamicIP StaticIP

Hosting

MailServer

StorageDevices

PrintServer

Case

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SmartDraw

N
Neettw
woorrkC
Coom
mp
poon
neen
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LAN

NIC
NetworkInterface Card

Wireless

Motherboard
PCMCIA Laptop




Builtin

Motherboard

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62

BuiltinLANCards

PCMCIACard

WirelessNetworkCard

LANCard

Motherboard

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UTPCables
Network cables
UnshieldedTwistedPairCables CAT5UTP




Node

Switch

.Star



.

RJ54Jacks


RJ45

Switch

RJ45 Connectors

Cable

Outlet

Outlets

Switch

Ducts

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NetworkSwitches

Star Switches

10/100 100/1000

Mbps

100

Switch
Switches

Ports

Switches 8 16

32 Port

RACK

Switches

bay

Switch

Switch

Patch

Switch

Bays

Patch

Switches

Racks

Switch

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RJ45Outlets


Outlet

Duct

""

Outlet

RJ45

Punch Down Tool

Switch

CableDucts


Ducts

. Ducts

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IIn
nssttaallllaatiioonT
Toooolls


:

CrimpingTool
RJ45

CAT5 Cables

RJ45

RJ

RJ

""
.

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NetworkTester

Tester

Cable

Cable

Cable

RJ45

Cable

PunchDownTool

Outlets

UTPCable

UTP Bays

Patch

"" PORT

Outlet bays

.Patch

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N
Neettw
woorrkW
Wiirriin
ng

RJ45

StraightCable

Switch

) (

RJ45

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CrossoverCable

LAN Card

Switch

RJ45

.
.Crossover

Rollover Cable


.Routers

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IIn
nssttaalllliin
ngN
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Coom
mp
poon
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Hardware

%
.

Star Topology

Switch UTP Internet Server

Print Server

Network Storage

FileServer

Hardware

.Software

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C
Coon
nffiiggu
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ngN
Neettw
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Deevviiccees

Software

Hardware

.Tester
.WindowsXP

Workgroup

InstallingDeviceDrivers

Network cards

WindowsXP

.
NetworkConnections RClick
Connection

LAN

Properties

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AssigninganIP

IP

IP Address

Class C IP
192.168.0.1

Internet Server Gateway

192.168.0.2


192.168.0.254

C Network

192.168.0.1 Internal Routing

Properties

Class

Protocol

Internet

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Address

IP

192.168.0.2

255.255.255.0 Gateway
Gateway Server

Mask

Subnet

Default

Internet

192.168.0.1


.InternetServer

AssigningComputerName

MyComputer RClick

Properties ComputerName

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Change

Workgroup Domain Network

Domain

Workgroup

Server

Domain

ActiveDirectory

Windows Server Edition


Windows Server

2003 Windows2000Server

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SupportEngineer

ActiveDirectory DomainNetwork

Windows Networking

Certified Technical

www.askpc.com/academy.php

TestingNetworkConnectivity

:

StartRuncmd Enter

Ping 192.168.0.3

net view

MyNetworkPlaces WindowsXP

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S
Seettttiin
ngu
upIIn
ntteerrn
neetS
Seerrvveer
Internet Server

Gateway

Switch ADSL Router Internet

Gateway

Server

Internet

Internet

Gateway
LANCards IP

ADSL Modem

IP

ISP

LANCard#1

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LAN Card #2

IP

192.168.01

#2 Gateway

Gateway

LAN Card

IPAddress LANCard#2

LANCARD#1

LAN

CARD#2 Gateway

Routing


Routing Software

LAN Card

#1 LANCard#2
WinRoute

InternetSharing


Traffic .Gateway

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ISA Server

Firewall MacAfee Personal Firewall

IPs

IPs Trusted BannedIP .TrustedIP


.

S
Seettttiingu
upyyoou
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Em
maaiilS
Seerrvveer

LAN

Microsoft

Email Server

Server

Exchange

WorkgroupMail

DeskNow

Server

Email

IP

Email

Server

Mail Servers

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Administrator

Accounts

Administration
Accounts Account

Express

Outlook POP3
EmailServer

New

Outlook

IP

EmailServer

.OutlookExpress

SMTP Account

S
Seettttiin
ngu
upyyoou
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WeebS
Seerrvveer

Hosting

WebServer

Hosting

IP ISP

Static

LAN

IIS InternetInformation Services

Windows XP Professional Web Server


Server

Web

Control Panel Add/Remove Programs Windows Components


IIS

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IIS

wwroot

Hosted
Webserver test

192.168.0.6

IP

http://192.168.0.6/test IIS

ASP Access .Dynamic


Localhost/test

Server

. IIS

Web

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RemoteAccessTechnology

RemoteAccessTechnologies

W
WA
ANT
Teecch
hn
noollooggiiees

WAN Area Network

Wide

WAN

Access

Remote .WAN

PSTN
PublicSwitchedTelephoneNetwork

LAN WAN POTS

PlainOldTelephoneServices

Office

Central

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ISDN

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IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork

Terminal Adapter

2Mbps

Kbps

128

ISDN Modem

ISDN Signal

Modem
PSTN

Analogue Digital

Modem

ISDN DialupTechnology .PSTN


ISDN PSTN

Splitter

ISDN

Voice Call

.Line

.FDDI

xDSL TSeries

xDSL

T1 xDSL
x DSL

Digital Subscriber

Line x HDSL

Highdatarate

Digital Subscriber Line SDSL line Digital Subscriber Line


VDSL high datarate Digital Subscriber Line
Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line
9Mbps

Very ADSL

xDSL Modem Router

USBPort

FrameRelayTechnology

Single

.LANCard

Variablelength

packet WAN Packet


Switching
destination Router

Packet Routers

Frame Relay Cloud

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Routers

PermanentVirtualCircuits

PVCs

PSTN

TSeriesConnections

Leased Line

Trunk Line

Bandwidth

Backbone

Time Division Multiplexing TDM

Channels Control Line

TSeries

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ATM
) AsynchronousTransferMode ATMMachine
AutomatedTellerMachine

!(


LANTopology

HighSpeedCellSwitching

Cell Analogue
Frame Packet 51.84 Mbps
Mbps

Fiber Optics

155.52

ATM based Fiber Optics

10Gbps

ATM Hardware .Software

Optical carrier OC

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FDDI

FiberDistributedDataInterface

Optic Cables

Fiber

.HighBandwidth

Backbone

R
Reem
mootteA
AcccceesssP
Prroottooccoolls

:

SLIPSerialLineInternetProtocol
Berkeley

TCP/IP SerialCommunication Modem


POTS

Unix

PPPPointtoPointProtocol

Connection TCP/IP

LAN

Serial

Parallel

ISP

DHCP DynamichostControlProtocol
TCP/IP Router

Address, Subnet Mask DNS Configuration


IP

Modem Windows 95

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PPTPPointtoPointTunnelingProtocol
Microsoft
VirtualConnection

TCP/IP PPP

WAN Link

VPN
Network

Virtual Private

Servers

PPTP

RASWindowsRemoteAccessServices
Windows NT, Windows 2000 RAS

MODEM

RAS

Modem

ICAIndependentComputingArchitecture
Citrix

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RDPRemoteDesktopProtocol
WindowsXP,Windows2003
Server

Windows 2000 Server

IP

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BasicNetworkSecurity


.

F
Fiirreew
waallllss
Firewall

Hardware

Access

Unauthorized

Firewall ISA Server

Firewall

Windows

WindowsXP Firewall

Firewall Network Firewall Layer Firewall

Network

Personal

Application

.LayerFirewall

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P
PrrooxxyS
Seerrvveer

indirect connection
Server

Proxy

Proxy


Cache

Proxy Server

Proxy Cache


.Cache
WebProxy

Proxy

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S
Seeccu
urriittyP
Prroottooccoolls

.

L2TP

VPN

PPTP

Technology

TCP/IP

Cisco Layer 2 Forwarding

.L2F

IPSec
IP Security

SSL
Secure Sockets Layer

IPv4 IPv6

Netscape

RSA Public Key Encryption

Credit Card Numbers

HTTPS
Kerberos

SourceCode

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A
Attttaacckaan
ndD
Deeffeen
nsse

Hacker

Direct Attack

Attack

IPSpoofing

IP

Packet IP

Router
IP

Firewall

PingofDeath
DoSAttack

Attack
Users

Denialof

Services
Authorized

Ping

Ping

WinNuke

Patches

Packet

Large Packet

Packet TCP/IP

Header

TCP

Invalid Header

Windows 98, Windows 2000

BSoD

Microsoft

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SYNFlood
DoS Attack

Packet SYN=1

SYN

SYN Flood

Packet

SYN

D
Deeffeen
nsseT
Teecch
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niiq
qu
uees:IIn
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ActiveDetection
) (

Active Intrusion Detection

Cisco NetRanger Memco SessionWall SATAN

ProactiveDefense

SATAN

Hacker

PassiveDetection

log file

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E
En
nccrryyp
pttiioon

Encryption

Encryption

Encryption


. Encrypt

Decrypt
Key

Encryption

Key

TheQuickBrownFox

A=1 B=2

208517
Key

20=T8=H5=E

8 bit bit

PrivateKey

Private Key

Sender Receiver

Symmetrical

.Keys

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DataEncryptionStandard(DES)

DES

56 bit Private Key

IBM

) - (
.RSA
DES Skipjack EES

Encryption Standard 80bit key

Escrowed


!
!

PublicKeyEncryption
DiffiHellmanAlgotithm

Publickey .PrivateKey

Diffi Hellman

RSADataSecurity
Rivest, Shamir, Adleman
PublicKey

PGPPrettyGoodPrivacy
PGP Utilities

PhilZimmerman

www.rsa.com

PublicKey

ICSA

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NetworkDisasterRecovery

.


Business

H
HootS
Siittees
%

DisasterRecover

Redundant

Clustering Technology

W
WaarrmS
Siitte
%
.
HotSite

DuplicateServer

DuplicateServer

Backup

Backup

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CoolldS
Siitte



Server

Down

.ServerUptime

F
Faau
ulltT
Toolleerraan
ncceE
Elleem
meen
ntts

FaultTolerance

Tolerance

Fault

PowerManagement

UPS

Power Surges Protectors

DiskSystemFaultTolerance


Disk

HardDisk

management

Disk

Mirrored Stripped RAID Disk Fault Tolerance

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BackupSystem

BackupSystem

SystemBackup


Medium

Disks

Hard

BackupTapes RemovableMedia DVD


VirusProtection


Symantec Norton Antivirus

Virus Definitions

SoftwarePatches
Fix Service Pack Patch


.

.

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NetworkTroubleshooting




.

S
Siim
mp
plliiffytth
heP
Prroob
blleem


Ping

Browse My Network Places


IP

\\IP \\ComputerName


Ping

StartRun

Tester

restart Switch
Cable

Network

Cable


IP

Conflict

Ping

.
.

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Subnet Mask

Workgroup

Workgroup

:
-

Gateway

NetworkAdministrator

IP

Domain

Password

Administrator

.Domain

Ping

127.0.0.1

TCP/IP Connections
properties

Network

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LinkLight

:
- Switch

Switch

-
-

Cable CableTester

IPAddressConflict


IP

IP

IP

Static

AutomaticIP StartRuncmd

Ipconfig /release Ipconfig /renew


10/100

10Mbps

Hub Switch

10Mbps

10Mbps

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NetworkMonitoring &TroubleshootingTools

Network Administrator

.
!

N
Neettw
woorrk
kA
AccttiivveeP
PoorrttS
Sccaan

IP

Ports

Ping

IPs

Scan

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A
An
naallooggXN
NeettS
SttaatL
Liivve

Traffic Packets

Remote Machine

RClick

Remote

IP Remote Machine

Processor

Packets

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A
Ad
dvaan
ncceedIIPS
Sccaan
nn
neer
!

IPs

IP Calculator

Advanced

Subnet IPs

AdvancedPortScanner .AdvancedLANScanner

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AdvancedIPCalculator

AdvancedLANScanner

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A
AccttiivveP
Poorrtts

IP

Ports

Port

Server

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AdvancedNetworkTopics

.

W
Wiin
nd
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wsD
Doom
maaiinN
Neettw
woorrk

Domain

Hardware

ClientServer Network


DomainControllerServer

Domain

Print Server

Administrator

A
AccttiivveD
Diirreeccttoorry

Active Directory

Network

Domain Controller

ActiveDirectory

Domain

Directory


Directory Domain

Security

Domain

Security Policy Domain

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D
Doom
maaiinC
Coon
nttrroolllleer
Windows2003

Windows2000Server

Domain

Active

LAN

Directory

Domain

.Domain

Controller

Server

Controller Domain

Windows2000Server

Domain

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IIn
nssttaalllliin
ngD
Doom
maaiinC
Coon
nttrroolllleer
DomainController

Windows2000Server AdministrativeTools -
ConfigureYourServer -
ActiveDirectory -
ActiveDirectory

Start -

DomainController

Forest

Domain

Domains -

A
Ad
dd
diin
ngW
Wiin
nd
doow
wsX
XPttoaD
Doom
maaiin

Windows XP

Properties MYComputer RClick


ComputerName

Domain

System

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Domain

name Password
Domain

User

DomainAdministrator

Restart

Ctrl+Al+Del

ActiveDirectoryUsersand

Computers

Domain

.ActiveDirectory

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S
SyysstteemA
Ad
dm
miin
niissttrraattoorrsT
Toooolls


.WindowsTechnology

WindowsServer2003ResourceKitTools
WindowsServer2003ServicePack132bitSupportTools
WindowsServer2003ServicePack1AdministrationToolsPack
InternetInformationServices(IIS)6.0ManagerforWindowsXP
MicrosoftManagementConsole3.0forWindowsServer2003
GroupPolicyManagementConsolewithServicePack1
WindowsServer2003GroupPolicyInfrastructure
UserProfileHiveCleanupService
WindowsXPRemoteDesktopConnectionsoftware
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003PerformanceAdvisor

ASK PC Certified

" ASK PC "

Network Engineer
.

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111

R
Reeffeerreen
nccees

ComputerHardwareArchitecture&Organizations,PrenticeHall
MicrosoftKB,MicrosoftCorp.
MicrosoftTechNet,MicrosoftCorp.
NetworkTroubleshooting,O'Reilly
Sybex Network+StudyGuide,3rdEdition
EthernetNetworkAnalysisandTroubleshooting,SnifferUniversity
NetworkComputerNetworksProblemSolutions,PRENTICEHALL
NewRidersUnderstandingtheNetwork

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