Works Cited Allen, William Francis, Charles Pickard Ware, and Lucy McKim Garrison.

Slave Songs of the United States. New York: J. Ross & (Nation), 1871. Print. This book contains the songs of African-American slaves, including the meanings for some of the songs. Cornelius, Steven. Music of the Civil War Era. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2004. Print. This book gave me several new points of view on the music of the civil war. It has info on all sides of the Civil War, Union, Confederacy, and Slaves. I mainly used it to get a new perspective on "Dixie" and "John Brown's Body". Crawford, Richard. America's Musical Life: A History. New York: Norton, 2001. Print. America's Musical Life: a history, deals with the music ranging from colonial music, to marches, to jazz music and ragtime. It was written by Richard Crawford, a music historian who was formerly the president of the American Musicological Society. Heidler, David Stephen, Jeanne T. Heidler, and David J. Coles. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2000. 1377-380. Print. This encyclopedia is focused on the subject of the Civil War. It contains facts and broad context on the Civil War. It also has a whole section under M, that deals with music, saying that music was used for commands, as well as a way to uplift a soldier's spirits. Howe, Julia. "Battle Hymn of the Republic." Atlantic Monthly Jan.-Feb. 1862: n. pag. Print.

Jackson-Brown, Irene. "The Black Perspective in Music." Afro-American Song in the Nineteenth Century: A Neglected Source 4.1 (1976): 22-38. Print. This journal article should help me find information on plantation music, including African American folk songs and spirituals, and their meanings. Keckley, Elizabeth. Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House. New York: Oxford UP, 1988. US History in Context. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. <http://ic.galegroup.com.bedproxy.minlib.net/ic/uhic/PrimarySourcesDetailsPage/ PrimarySourcesDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=UHIC&windo wstate=normal&contentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=PrimarySo urces&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy =&source=&search_within_results=&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId= &documentId=GALE|EJ2152000478>. This primary source was an excerpt from the book Behind the Scenes by Elizabeth Keckley. Elizabeth Keckley was a former slave. In the excerpt she hears music from a festival given for the benefit of wounded soldiers in the city, which inspired her to do the same as a black woman. Lomax, Alan. Folk Songs of North America. N.p.: Doubleday, 1960. Print. Folk Songs of North America includes the words, music and origins of over 300 folk songs, including but not limited to work songs, spirituals, chanteys, and ballads. McWhirter, Christian. Battle Hymns: The Power and Popularity of Music in the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 2012. Print. This resource was valuable and informative. It gave me facts and stories on the origins and the uses

of the songs of the civil war. It helped me create new points of arguments for my paper. "Music History of the United States to the Civil War." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 14 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. This wikipedia article contains some broad context of music in the civil war. It explains African American music, as well as how it was popularized. It also contains American artists, which will help me pave the way to more resources. Silber, Irwin, and Jerry Silverman. Songs of the Civil War. New York: Columbia UP, 1960. Print. Songs of the Civil War deals with marches from both sides of the war, as well as negro spirituals and freedom songs. It contains the lyrics as well as context for the songs. The songs in the book were compiled and edited by Irwin Silber.