Study Case of Key Aspect Influencing the Success and Failure Factors of Rungkut Bratang Composting House

Surveyor: Denisa Diviana*

*Undergraduate Students of Environmental Engineering,ITB, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia email : denisadiviana@gmail.com

Abstract Land limitation for storaging final disposal waste, conventional waste processing unit, and rapid gowth of human population resulting more incoming volume of disposal waste become a major reason that causing problem at waste management handling. Composting house is one of the waste processing unit that had been established to solve the waste problem. One of the composting house in Surabaya is composting house Rungkut Bratang that have processed most of organic waste in Surabaya especially for leaves waste and rind. In Composting House Rungkut Bratang, compostition of municipal waste which involved in composting process reach 66% from total amount municipal solid. Total amount compost produced in once process is 9 m3 in one day. This research was done because not all composting house could be survival. So this research is a study case of key aspect that influencing the success and failure factor of Composting house Rungkut Bratang, consists of not only good technical aspect in handling waste, but also non-technical aspect such as legality, policy, rules, subsidy, and good planning. According to the technical and non technical analysist, this composting house could be identified as survival composting house in Surabaya. Keyword: waste management handling, Rungkut Bratang composting house, Key aspect of Composting House, survival.

Introduction Basically, waste is one of disposal substance which produce no profit, wasteful, and moreover causing negative impact to economic value. This condition is based on the fact that to handle it, the stakeholder need to expense high cost. But this paradigm which thought that waste is something useless must be deleted from our mind. In order to make waste become something useful and doesnt caused disaster, we must make a concept how to manage them. This system must be effective and using eco safety life style. According to UU 18/2008, The Government of Surabaya could regulate a district regulation which can support the implementation in managing waste, from the resource of waste until final disposal. With this new regulation, final disposal doesnt have acronym as final throwing place, but must become the place to manage waste. Before carrying waste to final disposal, this waste must be disaggregated. When the waste arrived in final disposal, waste still have to be separated until all waste reduced down to minimal volume. Referred to UU 18/2008 about waste management which applied in Surabaya, mindset of final disposal in Surabaya would be totally changed from old paradigm about collect-carrythrow into new 3R principal. 3R means reduce, reuse and recycle. The important substance of UU 18/2008 is to making the change of the waste exile system into waste management system by the Government. One of the simple waste management is composting. Composting is a process which converted the municipal solid organic material to become stabil product under environmental controlled. In composting process, there will be biology activity which be done by microorganism. This activity included decomposting of cellulose, hemicelluloses, fatty, wax and others to become carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (Mekel, 1981). In this composting process, the ratio of C and N is an important rule because microorganisms need nitrogen to synthesis protein and carbon for their growth. The optimum ratio C/N for effective and efficient composting process is between 26 and

35. If the ratio under 26, it caused nitrogen loss which producing ammonia gas but if the ratio more 35, it will cause the composting process spent long time (Poincelot, 1972). The natural composting process will spend more time, but this process could be speed up by adding microorganism such as EM4 (Effective Microorganism 4), which is the combination of beneficial microorganisms especially photosynthesis bacterial, lactate acid bacterial, yeast, actinomycetes and fermentation fungus which can be used as inoculants for increasing amount of beneficial microorganisms in soil. (APNAN, 1995). In composting process, EM4 actively fermented organic material that will produce bioactive compost or compost which produced by lignoselulolitic microba which could survive in compost and has a role as biological agent to controll cultivation disease when this compost placed in soil. According to above explanation, in order to stabilize this composting process, it is essential to analyze several aspects that influenced. Because the successful and failure aspect at the composting process not only caused by biological process, but also several non technical aspects such as policy, legality, subsidy, rules and planning aspect. Then, this research will analyze the key aspect that influence the success or failure factor of composting activity in House Rungkut Bratang Surabaya. Methodology The research procedures which applied in the analysis study of success and failure factor in Composting house Bratang Surabaya can be explained as belows: a). The systhematic research is applied to compile fact in various composting area located in surrounding East Java such as Surabaya, Sidoarjo and Desa Mulyo Agung Malang. This research begins from investigation of how the composting centre was established. Several aspects which have been considered as main point to support the sustainability of composting center are: Techincal aspect Non technical aspect such as : o Policy o Subsidy o Legallity o Rules o Planning Based on the analysist of those important aspects, the composting centre could be catagorized as survival or development unit. b). Research including secunder data study and primary data observation. Secunder data study involving : literature study (international publication), regulation study, laboratorium analysist study. Primary data observation including : observation and interview with composting organizer and officer. Discussion Research Area This interview was done in House Rungkut Bratang Surabaya. This location was chosen based on the fact that this House is organized by Government, especially Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan (DKP) Surabaya. Compost which is produced from this House Rungkut Bratang Surabaya is used for public garden in Surabaya. This House is not the same as like other which using business oriented.

Figure 1. Picture of Name Plate House Rungkut Bratang

The route from Surabaya to Rungkut Bratang area :

Source: https://maps.google.com/ Interview Questions Structure In this interview, there are several point to be asked, which are : Overview of the composting facility (date/year established, location, area, population, total amount of waste covered, any specific reasons to start, who initiated, planning and construction of composting facility, selection of suitable land) Describe the physical process (explaining technology applied), such as: waste collection, contaminant separation, sizing and mixing, and biological decompostition, moisture control, screening, storaging and bagging Overview of daily operation and management (management style i.e. local authority, CBO, NGO, Private Sector or any public/private partnership, number of staff i.e. management and workers, staff s health and safety measures, trouble shooting) Key aspects of compostt quality assurance and composting resources

Marketing and use of compostt (assessment of potential customers, marketing strategies, barriers) Cost-benefits analysis (details of unit cost and unit income for operation and management, capital cost for land, building and machinery, any subsidy, fiscal support or incentives from the central, provincial or local governments) Other environmental and social benefits and GHG reduction potential. Identify non technical aspect such as policy, rules, subsidy, planning, and legallity

Informant Name of Informant Informant Job Position Informant Education Informant Experience : M. Toha : Controller/ Coordinator : STM : Vermic composting, participate in composting research in Lembang and waste management in Keputih, participate in waste management training in Bekasi

Figure 2. Surveyor team with informant Description about Composting House of Rungkut Bratang House Rungkut Bratang Surabaya is one of the composting house organized by Surabaya Office of Landscaping and Groundskeeping (DKP Surabaya) established since 1996. This composting house has two zones, the selection zone (to separate leaf and twig) and the composting zone (started from crushing process until producing desired compost). According to data from DKP and Government of Surabaya, there are 16 composting house which processing town solid waste to produce compost, one of them is composting house located in Rungkut Bratang near from final waste disposal Bratang (TPS Bratang).

Figure 3. Front Door of Composting House of Rungkut Bratang The reason why this composting house established is as one of the project of PLP (Health of Environmental Settlement) which goals are going to reduce municipal solid waste volume, reduce environmental pollution and regenerate public garden in Surabaya. Not only that, because of difficulties in finding land space for storaging final disposal, The Government of Surabaya established this centre of municipal solid waste processing which produced compost product. This house is organized by Surabaya Office of Landscaping and Groundskeeping (DKP) and Government in order to make urban community has a role as executor of this policy. Basically, this composting house has the goal as a sample model for East Indonesian, then widely spread to all region of Indoesia to trigged them to make typical composting house. Before this composting house established, DKP has conducted training which held in Wiyung Sidoarjo. The land of this composting house was given by DKP. DKP choosed this location as composting house because Rungkut is located in the industry area. This industry area need such a public garden like this composting house to anticipate air pollution caused by industrial activity. Technical Aspect Analysist Physical Process Selection Process At the begining, the compostition of municipal solid waste sourced from urban community contain 60% material organic waste and 40% material anorganic waste. But, sooner material organic waste was decreased and finally caused the composting process become longer. So that as one of the solution for this problem, waste incoming system to become compost will be changed. Finally, municipal solid waste which are permitted to involve the process composting are waste from cutting tree, waste from street litter and waste from jam factory which produced rind. The transportation process divided into : waste from cutting tree are carried by DKP truck and from street litter is distributed directly to composting house Bratang. In this process, there is no significant selection process, just choosed by group of their material such as paper, plastic and bottle waste, organic waste and recidual waste. Paper, plastic, bottle waste will be sold and then recycled to make handicraft. Recidual waste will be distributed to final disposal process at Bratang. Compostition of municipal waste which involved in composting process reach 66% from total amount municipal solid. In fact, this

separated process is done manually in location composting house and doesnt use modern technology such as conveyer belt. But this process is categorized as efficient process and could minimized mixing waste. The classification of municipal solid waste which could be involved in composting process are leaf waste and rind from jam factory, while big and small branches will be sold to be used as fuel or fire wood. The classification of municipal solid waste in Composting house Rungkut Bratang :

Figure 4. Leaf waste and branch produced from cutting tree

Figure 5. Stack of branch which will be used for fuel or firewood

Figure 6. Plastic bottle waste

Figure 7. Paper, cardboard and glass bottle waste

Figure 8. Wrapping plastic and tetrapack waste Crushing Process Besides separated process, there is crushing process which use crusher with power source from solar. There is no specified sizing required from this process. The goal from this process is reducing size of the municipal solid waste, because if municipal solid waste become smaller, the surface contact between bacterial and material organic become bigger so the decompostition process will become faster. But if the diameter of material from crushing process is too small, the condition will be changed to become anaerob condition due to smaller aerial space. The best diameter is between 25 and 75 mm. When mixing process happened, there is also biology process, but in this process there is not additional bacteria included such as EM4. There is just pouring the mixed material by leachate in order to growth bacterial manually. Bacterial which produced by that leachate is kind of mesophilia and thermophilia bacterial. Then this bacterial decomposte material organic from organic waste stack which will become compost.

Figure 9. Leachate water reservoir which produced by solid waste

Figure 10. The mixing process which happened after pouring with leachate water Cumulation Process The next process is cumulation. This process spends time about 2 until 3 days which gets treatment by decomposted and reversed it once with stack height 1,5 m, stack length 2 m and stack width 1,75 m. In this process, we need reversal in order to get oxygen and reduce stink. Reversal process is done by using wooden stick or hoe. During the cumulation process, there is moisture controlled process which is done by sprinkling. There is no specified frequency to control moisture content. But, if the temperature controll over 600C, it means the stack is lack of moisture content so the sprinkling process must be done. Temperature above 600C is not allowed. This controll is done intensively during first week. After several weeks later, the stack temperature will be stable.

Figure 11. Cumulation is done well organized

Figure 12. Canal which flows leachate from stack solid waste to the reservoir

Figure 13. Vapour produced as one of the sign that the biology activity occured in cumulation process

 Screening After compost is ready, the next process is screening. Screening is just done by order. Screening process is not required in compost product for public garden. Compost product is carried by DKP truck to the public garden in Surabaya. Ibu PKK is one of the consument which order screened compost. Actually, there is an influence of this screening process to the solubility of the compost. Because if the compost is screened, the compostition of compost will faster to soluble in soil. But, because of space land and time limitation, the compost product is directly carried out by DKP truck to the public garden. This is quick process also essential for preventing compost stack mounting in composting house.

Picture 14. Compost stack and screening mesin Storaging In this composting house Rungkut Bratang there is no specific place for storaging because after the compost is ready, it will directly carry-out by DKP truck to distribute in public garden. Total amount compost produced in once process is 9 m3 in one day. So if we calculate the time, we need 20 days start from cumulation process until get compost product (with reversal process done oftenly). But if reversal process is done only in 2-3 days, the composting process will spent time more than 20 days

Figure 15. There is no specific place for storaging, only cumulated it

One of the samples of compost utilization is located in public garden behind of composting house. Commonly, the ratio compost and soil in wet soil or clay is 1:1, but for dry soil the ratio is 1:4.

Figure 17. One of compost utilization located at behind of composting house

Figure 18. Utilization of compost in wet soil at ratio 1:1

The following steps composting :

IMPORTING WASTE TO UPTD

RESIDUAL TRANSPORT FROM UDPK

SORTING

MAKING HEAPS

REVERSAL

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY CONTROL

WATERING

RELEASE AND INSTALLATION OF TUNNEL RECORDING MATURATION

INTEGRATED OF QUALITY CONTROL

FILTERING

PACKAGING AND FILTERING

Picture 16. Chart of Composting Process

Applied Technology The technology is used in the composting process at Rungkut Bratang composting house is using simple machines, as in the process of transporting used trucks of DKP. Specifications of the truck in general are large, as shown below:

Figure 19. Cutting of Trees Trucks Transporting In addition to the transport process, it takes the machine for crushing the garbage. The specifications of this Chrusher have knives in general and get power from diesel fuel. Diameter resulting from the enumeration process which ranges from 25-75 mm.

Figure 20. Crusher

Figure 21. Crusher Blade on The Machine

Besides the enumeration process, the machine also needed to filter or screening machines. The machine is still running well, because it is not operational everyday. Screening machine is used when the demand. Compost of public garden does not need screening process.

Figure 22. Screening Machine There is no special treatment for operation and maintenance of the machines, just preventing damage to these machines in accordance with the operational capacity of its work. According to Mr. Toha the Coordinator Field House compost, if the machine is damaged, there are technician who came to fix the machines. For every operational procedure, introduced a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) by the city government. Identify The Type of Composting Composting is a process of decomposition organic material solid waste (garbage) biologically, under control conditions of the process. Compost incorrect when called as fertilizer, although also known as organic fertilizer, because it contains nutrients will depending on the characteristics of the raw material. Therefore municipal solid waste is very heterogeneous characteristics and fluctuation then the quality will follow the characteristics of the waste used as compost any time. (Damanhuri and Padmi, 2010) Analysis of composting in the Composting house of Rungkut Bratang based on the availability of oxygen is said that in the aerobic composting process using oxygen (air). If based on the temperature, the type of thermophilic composting occurs at temperatures above 40oC are ongoing. While based on the technology used is happening at home composting composting is traditional (natural) that is by stacking and biological processes that occur aided by the activity of microorganisms generated from waste leachate. According to informants, the reason for the compost is likely to choose the type of aerobic composting because it does not cause odors and disturbing residents, composting times faster and affordable, high-temperature manufacturing process to generate steam that can kill pathogenic bacteria so that the compost produced more hygienic. Based on the literature, the characteristic of aerobic composting is not cause odor. The reaction is exothermic formation of compost, need outside energy, heat is generated. The final product is produced in the form of humus, and gases such as CO2 and H2O. Reduction of waste volume can reach over 50% by the duration the composting process reaches 20-30 days. The main purpose of aerobic composting is a volume reduction of waste. While the side objective is the production of compost

Compost Quality The final result shaped of bulk compost quality. Good compost color is blackish brown, yellowish whereas if compost means that conditions are not ideal. The picture of an ideal compost as below:

Figure 23. Compost Sample Color is Blackish-Brown Besides in terms of physical, laboratory tests should be done about the quality of the compost, because the compost quality testing can determine the success of the compost market. Although the Bratang Composting house is not based on the business, but still it is necessary to test the quality. The quality testing may include nutrients test contained in the fertilizer and the content of the elements and heavy metals. Compost quality standard refers to the standard of laboratory test results. The resulting compost qualities standards are eligible and have examined include heavy metals Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cu. As for testing the quality of compost is sourced from ITS Environmental Engineering and the Directorate General of PPM and PLP. The sampling period with an old one-time research done during one month. Following the Data of compost laboratory testing analysis of elements and heavy metal: DATA ANALISA KOMPOS Parameter Nitrogen Phosphor Kalium Unit %N %P %K Hasil Analisa 3,265 0,368 0,921 Metode Analisa Kjeldahl Spektofotometri Flamefotometri

Percentage Diagram Analysis of Inorganic Substances in Compost Ingredients

Pottasium 20% Phosporous 8% Nitrogen 72%

Figure 24. Percentage Diagram Analysis of Inorganic Substances in Compost Ingredients Sources: Environmental Engineering Laboratory Faculty of Environmental Engineering Department of Civil Engineering and Planning Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember (May 18, 2006) DATA UJI UNSUR DAN LOGAM BERAT No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14 15. Parameter Ph Bahan Organik N-Total Ca Mg P K KTK Logam-Logam Pb Cd Cr Ni Zn Fe Cu Satuan % % mEq/100gr mEq/100gr mEq/100gr mEq/100gr mEq/100gr ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm Nomor Lab 36.50 36.51 7,5 7,5 11,52 13,81 722,6 342,6 18,20 22,64 10,21 17,99 38,03 33,76 0,62 0,73 36,46 43,80 45,6 0,56 4,34 8,0 158 714,2 43,36 56,38 0,88 21,76 14,14 172,48 332,1 74,0 Keterangan -

Diagram of Test Result Elements and Heavy Metals in Compost

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Lab 36.5 Lab 36.51

Figure 25. Diagram of Test Result Elements and Heavy Metals in Compost Sources: Chemistry-Physics Laboratory Institute of Environmental Health Engineering in Surabaya (October 8, 1997) Information : Lab 36.50 coarse compost samples Lab 36.51 smooth compost samples Operation and Management The solid waste which is distribute to composting house is 10 m3 and will be produce as compost is 9 m3/day. The amount of labor needed everyday is 8 people and they include permanent workforce, contracts, and daily. They are the residents who live around the home composting. Workforce management system is to apply compost at home every a month there are 3 days off, time off was released to the workforce. The division of labor is the process compost 4-5 people, 3 people in charge of picking and choosing the solid waste. To support the health and safety of workers, this composting house applied the SMK3 that one application form SMK3 is given PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) for workers. Unfortunately, the use of PPE is less realized because the labor is uncomfortable using the PPE. The labour starts work at 07.00 until 16.00, with a one-hour rest period, bringing the total active working duration is 8 hours. This is in accordance with the maximum capacity of the working hours is 8 hours. Obligation to work 8 hours a day would be comparable to his salary is above the regional minimum wage of Surabaya Composting house is a form of cooperation with the local government that forms of cooperation in land, construction, equipment to budget for the purposes of home composting is provided by the government. Composting house is a form of joint

cooperation between the government and governmental organizations. All affairs related to the management of home compost is under the management of the government, but society is to be the executor. The success of a compostimg house was never apart of the problem. An institution can be a success when the institution can resolve the issue at hand. This applied also by Bratang composting house which be a part of solving this problem, the number of members 2 people in charge of handling the problem of damaged equipment. Besides producing compost, this composting house is also often a means of education for the students and even college students. This composting house is often visited by schools, universities or institutions, because there is a demonstration biogas system, compost solid, liquid compost and utilization of inorganic waste such as bottles that decorated a flower pot hanging. The Key to Success Affecting Compost Quality At this time, the selected waste system in this composting house is stable by focusing on homogeneous waste so that it can support the success of the process of composting. Homogeneity of the sorting process carried out on different types, though there is no special system that supplies fixed amount of waste entering accordance with the process of compost production targeted. All organic waste that directly processed and made into compost. Standard waste for composting material is a homogeneous organic wastes in particular simply leaves. The things that usually affect the quality of compost produced is as follows : 1. Raw materials are composted 2. Reversal process (including oxygen) 3. Watering leachate 4. Temperature 5. The water content Based on the description above, the composted material could determine the success of the composting process. Materials Composting: is it easy decompose or difficult to biodegradable, such as the more wood content or lignin-containing material, it will be more difficult to biodegradable. In addition to raw materials, the key to success lies also in the process of composting. The process of reversal is one of the types of processes that can determine the quantity of oxygen available. In aerobic processes have always required the presence of oxygen. In the conventional process, the supply of oxygen carried by the reversal of a pile of garbage. Reversal causes the distribution of litter and microorganisms will be more evenly distributed. In traditional composting, oxygen availability will be influenced stack height. Good stack height is 1.25 - 2 m. The next process is provision of leachate, its seems like watering leachate. Watering is intended as an activator of the microorganisms. Biological processes not be separated from the activities of microorganisms. Of course, the role of microorganisms in the composting process are bacteria, yeast, fungi according to the material to be described will be able to decipher organic material, not pathogenic microorganisms. To maintain the quality of compost, the water content should always be considered. According to the literature, the compost pile should always be moist, usually around 50-60% value. (Damanhuri and Padmi, 2010). If low humidity can cause the water to evaporate, so the pile is dry. But when it is too wet, the pores pile will fill with water, and oxygen is reduced so that the process turned out to be anaerobic. Stockpiles will smoke when the heat began to appear. At that time the center

of the stack can be dry, and the decay process can be interrupted. Humidity factor is never apart from temperature, to the temperature must be maintained to keep it under the state reaches 60-65 Cwater levels (humidity) 50% so that the bacteria formed manually. Heat formed in addition to killing pathogens also assist in the repair and drying slowly (Damanhuri and Padmi, 2010). But according to resource the most important of a process of composting is to do everything according to procedure, does not accumulate of residues, and reducing fly so as not to cause odor.

Figure 26. Temperatures Reached From This Pile of Steaming Hot Pose Analysis of Non-Technical Aspects Rungkut Bratang composting house is one composting house managed by the City directly. The establishment of the compost is of course already received official approval from both the City and the people. The agreement of all parties will realize synergies and efforts to support each other. This condition is quite affecting sustainability activities in the composting house, primarily for financial affairs. As a project management by government, of the operating cost of sustainability has been budgeted composting activities planned and subsidized by the government. As a government project management, of the operating cost of sustainability of composting activity has been planned and budgeted subsidized by the government. Although the realization of the government's financial problems the city is not always run smoothly, because government-subsidized funds are limited, while operating costs were not a little because there are unexpected planned things happen as real damage on the machines that are used for composting. As with ownership by private parties. The private sector tends to be more prompt in addressing the garbage problem directly. The involvement of the private sector in waste management would be more credible will be able to create efficient than government because the private sector over using the business reference in the management and can focus on the completion of the poor performance and low productivity. Technically, the private sector is more responsive in addressing the problem because they tend to be business oriented. While composting house is managed by the government, not business oriented, because the main target of the composting activity here is to reduce urban waste and green garden city, Surabaya In addition to the business regardless of the orientation, the ownership of the government was more concentrated on the issue of bureaucracy, rules and policy. With the Law 18/2008, Surabaya City Government can design local regulations to support the implementation of waste management, from the source of the waste to at the landfill and then processed again to be a product, one of which is composting house. City Government

and DKP as the manager has the aspect of rules as a reference for the activities in the home composting is still running accordance with Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). This is to support the process of composting at composting house can be run regularly. For the success and existence of composting house, it is necessary to aspects of planning. As for long-term planning that is being designed by the Surabaya city government is utilizing gas generated from the composting process so that composting house can implement zero waste system. Marketing and Analysis of Costs and Benefits Composting Product resulting from Bratang composting house is not marketed to business goals but earmarked for city parks ordered by DKP or incidental ordered by Mrs. PKK (though not the consumer anyway) as the surrounding communities of home composting Bratang. When viewed from the development goals composting house is not business oriented so there is no profit-taking. Besides discussing the benefits, did not escape discussion about the costs required to initiate this Bratang home composting. But unfortunately written report can not be given because of all the inputs and outputs finance such as costs the income and expenditure is managed by the City Government. Other Environmental Social Benefit and Green House Gas Reduction Potential Composting process has been done in the home compost produced any leachate from the waste. Leachate is indeed the cause of the smell that pollutes the environment nearby area composting. But there is a way that can be done to control the smell, flies and maggots, by way of flow of leachate into the leachate shelter through existing channels in any compost pile. This leachate will be collected and used as an activator for the biological processes that occur during the composting process Regardless of leachate generated from the waste, from the process of composting activity is generated ammonia gas which can potentially lead to the greenhouse gas effect. So far there has been no direct handling of the gases that are produced. However, composting house is proposing planning to utilize the gas produced from the composting process. The perceived benefits in terms of environmental and social besides reducing the volume of waste, are: 1. Utilizing the results of logging 2. Support the greening of the city of Surabaya 3. Extending the life of TPA because reducing the amount of waste that goes to TPA While the environmental and social impacts caused by composting process is environment to be clean and green look. The community did not mind to the existence of composting house is because besides getting compost for free, they can also feel that the green city of Surabaya.

Figure 27. Compost Utilization for City Park and Playground

Figure 28. The compost is used residents to plant in pots Conclusion Based on the research that has been conducted in the city of Surabaya and surrounding areas, it can be concluded that the Rungkut Bratang Composting House is one of the composting house which is classified as survival and succees unit. The process include an aerobic composting. This process does not disturb citizens because this process doesnt cause odors, spends short duration and affordable, high-temperature manufacturing process to generate steam could exterminate pathogenic bacteria so that the compost produced more hygienic. So from identifying the technical aspect which is the process of making compost at Rungkut Bratang composting houses begins with sorting through the storage process has been carried out with the appropriate provisions. Apart from the technical aspects of composting, success is also influenced by non-technical aspects. Non-technical aspects can be identified from the legality of the composting house owned it. Rungkut Bratang Composting House is categorized as legal house because all the activities in the composting house is under management by DKP and The Government of Surabaya, so that problems such as bureaucracy more easily resolved. The main target of this activity is to reduce municipal solid waste and increase the greening of public garden. Surabaya is an inspires support from the people who carry out and support the sustainability of the activities in the composting house. Similarly, financial problems, with the aspect of subsidy, the draft operating budget for home composting is already planned. With the legal aspect, there are certainly aspects of the policy that may be supporting the success of the Bratang home composting. Aspects of this policy can be achieved by the UU 18/2008. In

addition, the City and DKP as the manager certainly has aspects of rules as a reference for the activities in the home composting is still running accordance with Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). This is to support the process of composting at composting house is run in an orderly. After the issuance of UU 18/2008, Surabaya City Government can design local regulations to support the implementation of waste management, from the source of the waste to at the landfill which is then processed into a product such as the one compost. For success and esksistensi this composting house, it is necessary to aspects of planning. As for long-term planning that is being designed by the government's use of gas generated from the composting process so that composting house can implement zero waste system. According to the analysis above, this Rungkut Bratang Composting house survive and succeed because of the technical and non-technical aspects are supported by the synergy between the government and the people of Surabaya as the executor. Reference Merkel,J.A. 1981.Managing Livestock Wastes. AVI Publishing Company. Inc.Westport.Connecticut. Damanhuri, E. and Tri Padmi : Diktat Kuliah Sampah TL-3104, Teknik Lingkungan, ITB, Edisi 4 Semester I 2010/2011 APNAN, 1995. EM4 Application Manual for APNAN Countries.1st ed. Asia Pacific Natural Agriculture Network. Poincelot, R. P. 1972. The Biochemistry and Mrthodology Of Composting. The Connection Agricultural Experiment Station. Laboratorium Teknik Lingkungan Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (18 Mei 2006) Laboratorium Kimia-Fisika Balai Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Kota Surabaya (8 Oktober 1997)