Agenda & Reading

Topics:

Polymorphism Example

COMPSCI 230
Polymorphism

Reading

Person HouseWife KFCChef PizzaChef TakeAwayChef Array of Objects

Java 2 The Complete Reference, Chapter 8,

Dynamic Method Dispatch, page 211-216 Inheritance

The Java Tutorial

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/java/IandI/subclasses.html http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/java/IandI/override.html

Overriding and Hiding Methods

Exercise 4

2 Questions

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

Polymorphism
Definition:

Example
Our COMPSCI230Kitchen has a Person

Polymorphism is the ability of objects belonging to different types to respond to method calls of methods of the same name, each one according to an appropriate type-specific behaviour. The program does not have to know the exact type of the object in advance, so this behavior can be implemented at run time (this is called late binding or dynamic binding). Classes:

Person

A person has surname and first name Create a person in our COMPSCI230Kitchen

Person p = new Person();

Instance variables: surname and first name Methods: getName() get surname and first name HouseWife
cookDinner() to prepare food for dinner

Person

Kitchen
getName cookDinner

Example:

An ordinary person prepares dinner using microwave!

Kitchen Person HouseWife PizzaChef KFCChef TakeAwayChef

public class Person { String surname; String firstname; ... public void cookDinner() { System.out.println("Microwave Dinner"); } }

KFCChef TakeAwayChef

PizzaChef

Person p = new Person(); System.out.println(p.getName()); p.cookDinner();

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

HouseWife
Now our COMPSCI230Kitchen has a houseWife person HouseWife p = new ___________

PizzaChef
Now our COMPSCI230Kitchen has a PizzaChef person PizzaChef p = ______________

Inherited method: getName

To get her name To clean our kitchen

Additional method: cleanKitchen Overridden method: cookDinner

To cook food for dinner A housewife makes Roast chicken with Potato.

Person HouseWife

Inherited method: getName

To get her name

Person PizzaChef
System.out.println(p.getName()); p.cookDinner();

getName cookDinner cleanKitchen

Overridden method: cookDinner

To cook food for dinner A pizzachef makes Pizza

public class HouseWife extends Person { public HouseWife(String firstname, String surname) { super(firstname, surname); } public void cookDinner() { System.out.println("Roast Chicken with Potato"); } public void cleanKitchen() { System.out.println("Cleaning now"); } }

System.out.println(p.getName()); p.cookDinner();

public class PizzaChef extends Person { public PizzaChef(String firstname, String surname) { super(firstname, surname); } public void cookDinner() { System.out.println("Pizza"); } }

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

KFCChef
Now our COMPSCI230Kitchen has a KFCChef person KFCChef p = _________________

TakeAwayChef
Now our COMPSCI230Kitchen has a TakeAwayChef person p = ________________ TakeAwayChef

Inherited method: getName

To get her name

Person kFCChef
System.out.println(p.getName()); p.cookDinner();

Inherited method: getName

To get her name

Person TakeAwayChef
System.out.println(p.getName()); p.cookDinner();

Overridden method: cookDinner

To cook food for dinner A KFCChef makes KFC fried chicken

Overridden method: cookDinner

To cook food for dinner A TakeAwaychef makes fried rice

public class KFCChef extends Person { public KFCChef(String firstname, String surname) { super(firstname, surname); } public void cookDinner() { System.out.println("KFC Chicken"); } }

public class TakeAwayChef extends Person { public TakeAwayChef(String firstname, String surname) { super(firstname, surname); } public void cookDinner() { System.out.println("Fried Rice"); } }

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

Example:Kitchen.java

An array of Person
The array holds five objects of type Person. Because of their inheritance relationship with the Person class, the HouseWife, PizzaChef, KFCChef and TakeAwayChef classes can be assigned to the array. Within the for-loop, the cookDinner method is invoked on each element of the array.

Rules
Polymorphism is the ability of objects belonging to different types to respond to method calls of methods of the same name, each one according to an appropriate type-specific behaviour.

At Compile time, At Run time,

At first, when a method call is executed, the object is ________ first and if the method does not exist, then check the superclass (work from the child to the parent class) Type checking is done at compile time Next, the method is _________ based on the object, not on the type of variable. The derived classes override the cookDinner method of the Person class. This makes the overridden cookDinner() methods of the derived classes execute when the cookDinner() method is called using the base class reference from the array

the type of each variable is _______ to ensure that only methods

belonging to that type are called of the variable.

the code executed depends on the _______ of the object, not the type

HouseWife w; w = new HouseWife("Theresa", "Thompson"); w.cookDinner(); w.cleanKitchen(); Person p1; p1 = new HouseWife("Theresa", "Thompson"); p1.cookDinner(); //p1.cleanKitchen(); //Compile error No cleanKitchen method declared in Person class.

Person[] pList = new Person[5]; pList[0] = new Person("Dick", "Smith"); pList[1] = new HouseWife("Theresa", "Thompson"); pList[2] = new PizzaChef("Michael", "Hill"); pList[3] = new KFCChef("Peter", "Wong"); pList[4] = new TakeAwayChef("Kevin", "Chan"); for (int i=0; i<pList.length; i++) pList[i].cookDinner();

The result depends on the object stored, not on the type of the variable.

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

COMPSCI 230

Handout 04

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