CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY PAPER 1

FORM 4

1.

A point T divides the line segment joining the points A(1, -2) and B(-5, 4) internally in the ratio 2 : 1. Find the coordinates of point T. [2 marks] Diagram below shows a straight line PQ with the equation on the x-axis and the point P lies on the y-axis. y P
x y + = 1. The point Q lies 3 5

2.

Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to PQ and passing through the point Q. [3 marks] 3. The line 8x + 4hy - 6 = 0 is perpendicular to the line 3x + y = 16. Find the value of h. [3 marks] Diagram below shows the straight line AB which is perpendicular to the straight line CB at the point B.
y

4.

A(0,6)

0 C

The equation of the straight line CB is y = 3x 4.

Find the coordinates of B. [3 marks]

5.

The straight line

x y + 14 m

= 1 has a y-intercept of 3 and is parallel to the straight

line y + nx = 0. Determine the value of m and of n. [3 marks] 20

CHAPTER 6 6.

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

Diagram below shows a straight line passing through A(2, 0) and B (0, 6). y B(0, 6)

A(2, 0)

a)

Write down the equation of the straight line AB in the form

x y + = 1. a b

[1 mark] b) A point P(x, y) moves such that PA = PB. Find the equation of the locus of P. [2 marks]

PAPER 2 21

CHAPTER 6 1.

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted. Diagram shows a straight line CD which meets a straight line AB at the point D. The point C lies on the y-axis. y

x 0 A(0 , -3) a) b) c) 2. D [1 mark ] [2 marks] [3 marks] B (12, 0)

Write down the equation of AB in the form of intercepts. Given that 2AD = DB, find the coordinates of D. Given that CD is perpendicular to AB , find the y-intercept of CD. Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted.

In the diagram the straight line BC has an equation of 3y + x + 6 = 0 and is perpendicular to straight line AB at point B. A(-6, 5) y

B 0 3y + x + 6 = 0 C (a) Find i) the equation of the straight line AB ii) the coordinates of B. x

[5 marks]

(b) The straight line AB is extended to a point D such that AB : BD = 2 : 3. Find the coordinates of D. [2 marks] (c) A point P moves such that its distance from point A is always 5 units. Find the equation of the locus of P. 3. Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted. [3 marks]

Diagram shows the triangle AOB where O is the origin. Point C lies on the straight line AB.
y

22

CHAPTER 6
A(-2, 5)

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

C 0 B(5, -1)

(a) Calculate the area, in unit2, of triangle AOB. (b) Given that AC : CB = 3 : 2, find the coordinates of C.

[2 marks] [2 marks]

(c) A point P moves such that its distance from point A is always twice its distance from point B. (i) Find the equation of the locus of P. (ii) Hence, determine whether or not this locus intercepts the y-axis. [6 marks]

4.

In the diagram, the straight line PQ has an equation of y + 3x + 9 = 0. PQ intersects the x-axis at point P and the y-axis at point Q.
y P R x 0

y + 3x + 9 = 0

Point R lies on PQ such that PR : RQ = 1 : 2. Find (a) the coordinates of R, (b) 5.

[3 marks]

the equation of the straight line that passes through R and perpendicular to PQ. [3 marks] Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted.

Diagram shows the triangle OPQ. Point S lies on the line PQ. y P(3 , k) 23

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

S (5, 1) x Q a) A point W moves such that its distance from point S is always 2 Find the equation of the locus of W. b) It is given that point P and point Q lie on the locus of W. Calculate i) the value of k, ii) the coordinates of Q. [5 marks] c) Hence, find the area , in unit , of triangle OPQ. [2 marks]
2

1 units. 2

[3 marks]

ANSWERS ( PAPER 1 ) 1. T(
(1)(1) + ( 5)(2) ( 2)(1) + ( 4)( 2) , ) 3 3

2 1 24

= T( -3 , 2 )

CHAPTER 6 2. Gradient of PQ , m1 = 5 3

COORDINATE GEOMETRY and the coordinates of Q (3 , 0)

FORM 4

Let the gradient of straight line perpendicular to PQ and passing through Q = m2 . Then m1 m2 = -1. m2 =
3 5

The equation of straight line is

5y = 3(x 3) 5y = 3x 9 3. Given 8x + 4hy 6 = 0 4hy = -8x + 6 y y Gradient , m1 = 2 h

y 0 3 = x 3 5

3x + y = 16 y = -3x + 16
6 4h 3 2h

= =

8 x+ 4h 2 - x + h

1 Gradient , m2 = -3

Since the straight lines are perpendicular to each other , then m1 m2 = -1.

(-

2 )(-3) = -1 h

6 = -h h = -6 4. Gradient of CB , m1 = 3 Since AB is perpendicular to CB, then m1 m2 = 1 Gradient of AB, m2 =

1 3 1 x+6 3

The equation of AB is

y=-

B is the point of intersection. y = 3x 4 (1)

1 x+6 3 1 3x 4 = x+6 3 10 x = 10 3

y=

(2) 1

x=3 y = 3(3) 4 = 5 The coordinates of B are (3, 5). 5.

x y + 14 m

= 1

25

CHAPTER 6 y-intercept = m = 3

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

1 From
x y 3 + = 1, the gradient m1 = 14 3 14

From y = -nx , the gradient m2 = -n . Since the two straight lines are parallel , then m1 = m2 3 = -n 14

1
3 14

6.

n =

a) From the graph given, x- intercept = 2 and y-intercept = 6.

The equation of AB is

x y + =1. 2 6

1 1

b) Let the coordinates of P = (x , y) and since PA = PB ( x 2) 2 + ( y 0) 2 = ( x 0) 2 + ( y 6) 2 (x 2)2 + y2 = x2 + (y 6)2 2 2 x 4x + 4 + y = x2 + y2 12y + 36 12y 4x -32 = 0 3y x - 8 = 0

ANSWERS ( PAPER 2 ) 1 a) b)
x y =1 12 3

Given 2AD = DB , so

AD 1 = DB 2 0( 2) +12(1) 3(2) + 0(1) D=( , ) 3 3

1 1

= ( 4 , -2 )

26

CHAPTER 6 c)

COORDINATE GEOMETRY Gradient of AB, mAB = -(

3 ) 12 1 = 4

FORM 4

Since AB is perpendicular to CD, then mAB mCD = 1. Gradient of CD, mCD = - 4

Let, coordinates of C = (0 , h) , h (2) mCD = 0 4 -4 = 16 = h + 2 h = 14 y-intercept of CD = 14

1 x2 3 h +2 4

2 a) i)

Given equation of BC, 3y + x + 6 = 0 y =Gradient of BC = 1 3

Since AB is perpendicular to BC , then mAB mBC = 1. Gradient of AB, mAB = 3 The equation of AB ,
y 5 =3 x ( 6)

1 1

y5 ii)

= 3x + 18 y = 3x + 23 . (1) .(2)

B is the point of intersection. Equation of AB , y = 3x + 23 Equation of BC , 3y + x + 6 = 0

1 Substitute (1) into (2), 3(3x + 23) + x + 6 = 0 9x + 69 + x + 6 = 0

15 2 15 y = 3() + 23 2

x =-

Substitute value of x into (1), y

1 2 15 1 , ) 2 2

The coordinates of B are ( -

27

CHAPTER 6 b) Let D (h, k)

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

2h + (18) 2k +15 15 1 , )= ( , ) 2 2 5 5 1 2k +15 2h + (18) 15 = = 2 5 2 5

B( -

, -75 = 4h 36 h=
39 4

5 = 4k + 30 k=
25 4

c) Given PA = 5

The coordinates of D are ( = 5 = 25

39 25 , ) 4 4

( x ( 6)) 2 + ( y 5) 2

1 1 1
0 0

( x + 6)2 + ( y 5)2

x2 + 12x + 36 + y2 -10y + 25 = 25 x2 + y2 + 12x -10y + 36 = 0 3.

)

a)

Area

1 2

0 0

5 1

2 5

= = b) C= (

1 2

( 25) ( 2)

23 unit2 2

1 1 1

3(5) + 2( 2) , 5 11 7 = ( , ) 5 5

3(1) + 2(5) 5

c) i) Since PA = 2PB
( x + 2) 2 + ( y 5) 2

= 2

( x 5) 2 + ( y +1) 2

1 1

x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 10y + 25 = 4 (x2 10x + 25 + y2 + 2y + 1) x2 + y2 + 4x 10y + 29 = 4x2 + 4y2 40x + 8y + 104 3x2 + 3y2 44x + 18y + 75 = 0 (ii) When it intersects the y-axis, x = 0. 3y2 +1 8y + 75 = 0 Use b2 4ac = (18)2 4(3)(75) = 576 2 b 4ac < 0 It does not cut the y-axis since there is no real root.

1 1 1

28

CHAPTER 6 4. a) y + 3x + 9 = 0 When y = 0, P(3, 0) When x = 0, Q(0, 9) R(x, y) = (

COORDINATE GEOMETRY 0 + 3x + 9 x = 0 = 3

FORM 4

1 y+0+9 y = 0 = 9 1 1

1(0) + 2(3) 1( 9) + 2(0) , ) 3 3

= (-2 , -3 ) b) y + 3x + 9 = 0 y = -3x - 9 Gradient of PQ , m1 = 3 Since PQ is perpendicular to the straight line, then m1 m2 = 1 Thus, m2 =
1 3

The equation of straight line that passes through R(-2, -3) and perpendicular to PQ is
y +3 1 = x +2 3

3y = x - 7 5. a) Equation of the locus of W,

( x 5) 2 + ( y 1) 2

1 1

(x 5)2 + ( y 1)2

5 = 2 5 2 =( ) 2 25 4

x2 -10x +25 + y2 2y + 1 =

4 x2 + 4y2 40x - 8y + 79 = 0 b) i) P(3 , k) lies on the locus of W, substitute x =3 and y = k into the equation of the locus of W. 4(3)2 + 4(k)2 40(3) 8(k) + 79 = 0 4k2 - 8k -5 = 0 (2k + 1)(2k 5) = 0
1 5 k=, k= 2 2 5 k = 2

1 1

Since k > 0, ii)

Since S is the centre of the locus of W, then S is the mid-point of PQ. 5 x +3 y + S(5 , 1) = ( , 2 ) 2 2

1 29

CHAPTER 6
x +3 2

COORDINATE GEOMETRY
y+ 5 2

FORM 4

5=

, ,

1=

x=7

2 1 y =2
1 ). 2

Hence, the coordinates of Q are ( 7 , c) Area of triangle OPQ =

1 2
0

7 3 0 1 5 0 0 2 2 1 5 3 = [ (7)( ) () ] 2 2 2

19 unit2 2

30