8) Diffusion

1) Definition:

2) 3 types of particles: a) Ex : b) Ex : c) Ex:

3) 3 states of matter: States 7) Structure of atom: MATTER Diagram Arrangement F.O.A Movement Kinetic energy 5) 3 subatomic particles: b) Same _________ properties & different _____________ properties c) Uses: Carbon -14 Cobalt-60 Iodine-131 Sodium-24 Proton number: Nucleon number: Graph a) b) c) 4) Diagram Heating of napthalene Cooling of napthalene a) b) c)

6) Isotopes a) Definition:

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 1

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 2

2. Graph 2 shows the temperature against time when naphthalene is heated.

(a) (i) State the melting point of naphthalene ________________________________________________________________________ (ii) Explain why there is no change in temperature from Q to R ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ (iii) State how the movement of naphthalene particles changes between R and S during melting. ________________________________________________________________________ (iv) Why the naphthalene is stirred continuously during the heating process in this experiment? ________________________________________________________________________

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 3

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 4

1) Mass (g) Number of moles Number of particles

2) Chemical formulae a) Empirical formula:

b) Molecular formula:

Volume of gas (dm3)

Molecular formula = (Empirical formula)n

CHEMICAL FORMULA & EQUATIONS

c) Ex: i) 11 g of M oxide consist of 6.2 g metal M. Find empirical formula of M oxide. [RAM : O=16 ; M=31] Element Mass

3) Empirical formula of CuO Empirical formula of MgO

Mole

Ratio of mole

Metals less reactive than H2

Metals more reactive than H2

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 5

1.How many molecules are there in 150 cm3 of carbon dioxide, CO2 at room conditions? [ Avogadros constant = 6.02 1023 mol-1 ; Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3mol-1 at room conditions] A. 3.76 1021 C. 9.63 1022 B. 3.76 1024 D. 9.63 1025 2 Find the volume of nitrogen gas in cm3 at STP that consist of 2.408 1023 nitrogen molecules. (Molar volume: 22.4 dm3 mol-1 at s.t.p. Avogadro constant, NA : 6.02 1023)

3.What is the number of moles of copper (II) nitrate in 56.4 g of copper (II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2? (RAM : O=16 , Cu=64, N=14) A. 0.30 mol B. 0.32 mol C. 0.45 mol D.3.33 mol 4. In an experiment, 24 g of element X reacts with 32 g of sulphur to form a compound.What is the empirical formula of that compound? [RAM; X =6, S=32]

5) Compound Z contains 47.00% of potassium, 14.50% of carbon and the balance is oxygen. [RAM : K=39, C=12, O=16] (i) Determine the empirical formula of compound Z.

(ii) Find the molecular formula of compound Z if the relative molecular mass of the compound is 166.

6) An oxide of element X has the empirical formula of X2O3. 2.24 g of element X reacts completely with 0.96 g of oxygen. [SPM 2010] What is the relative atomic mass of X? [RAM: O=16]

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 6

Calculation involving chemical reaction 1) Sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride. Na + Cl2 NaCl

What is the mass of sodium chloride formed when 2.30 g of sodium reacts with excess chlorine? (RAM : Na, 23 ; Cl, 35.5) Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Write balanced chemical equation Take out info and mole ratio Find num of mole Compare the num of mol & solve it WTFC method...

2. The following equations shows decomposition of silver nitrate by heat. 2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2

If 85.0 g of silver nitrate is heated completely, calculate: (i) the mass of silver formed. ( RAM : N=14, O= 16, Ag = 108)

(ii) the volume of oxygen gas formed at room conditions. (Molar volume: 24 dm3 at room conditions)

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 7

3. Magnesium reacts with sulphuric acid according to the equation below. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2

What is the volume of hydrogen gas produced at STP if 0.72 g of magnesium is added to the sulphuric acid? [RAM : Mg =24, molar volume = 22.4 dm3mol-1 at STP] A. 0.672 dm3 B. 0.771 dm3 C. 1.296 dm3 D. 1.344 dm3 4. Aluminium carbonate decomposes when heated strongly to produce aluminium oxide and carbon dioxide Al2(CO3)3 Al2O3 + 3 CO2

What is the volume of the gas that can be obtained at room temperature when 23.4 g of aluminium carbonate is heated? [ Molar mass of Al2(CO3)3 = 234 g mol-1 ; Molar volume of gas at room temperature = 24 dm3mol-1] A. 2.4 dm3 B. 4.8 dm3 C. 7.2 dm3 D. 8.0 dm3 5. The equation below represented the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid. Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2

Based on the equation, calculate the volume of hydrogen gas released at standard temperature and pressure when 1.3 g of zinc powder reacts with excess hydrochloric acid. [Molar volume; 22.4 dm3mol-1 at s.t.p ; RAM : H=1 , Cl=35.5, Zn=65]

Prepared By : Thennarasu a/l Panir Chelvam (016-2259849) B.Edu (Chemistry) with Hons

Page 8