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SUMMARY PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK SECARA ANAEROBIK UNTUK MEMPRODUKSI BIOGAS SEBAGAI ENERGI TERBARUKAN
ANAEROBIC TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION AS RENEWABLE ENERGY Created by SATO, ABAS Subject Subject Alt Keyword : : Pembuangan sampah dan menolak : Refuse and refuse disposal : biogas; sampah organik; reaktor anaerobik

Description :
Pada saat ini Indonesia telah menjadi negara pengimpor minyak karena kebutuhan bahan bakar minyak lebih tinggi daripada produksinya. Karenanya perlu dipikirkan usaha dalam pencarian dan penggunaan sumber energi alternatif, terutama energi terbarukan. Biogas banyak dikembangkan sebagai salah satu sumber energi alternatif. Bahan bakar ini dibuat melalui proses penguraian secara anaerobik dari berbagai macam limbah organik. Sampah merupakan sumber bahan organik yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi biogas, mengingat jumlahnya meningkat dari tahun ke tahun di tempat pembuangan sampah . Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan usaha untuk meningkatkan produksi biogas dari fermentasi sampah organik dengan menambah air pada sampah dan kotoran sapi sebagai starter. Penelitian dilakukan di dalam reaktor anaerobik dengan volume 153 liter pada suhu kamar mesophilik antara 2530 oC, hydraulic retention time (HRT) 10, 15, 18, 22 dan 25 hari serta feed sampah yang masuk memiliki konsentrasi solid 1%, 3%, 5% dan 7%. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan produktifitas biogas cenderung semakin tinggi pada feed dengan konsentrasi solid yang rendah, produksi tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi solid 1% pada HRT 18 hari sebesar 401 liter biogas/kg sampah kering. Unjuk kerja reaktor dalam percobaan pada feed dengan kadar solid 5% atau lebih menghasilkan produksi biogas per volume reaktor cenderung semakin rendah dengan berkurangnya HRT. Percobaan juga dilakukan dengan penambahan urea di dalam feed dan hasilnya meningkatkan produktifitas biogas per kilogram sampah kering menjadi di atas 7%. Dengan mengambil data pada percobaan dengan kadar solid dalam feed 3% pada HRT 15 hari, maka setiap kilogram sampah kering dapat menghasilkan biogas dengan nilai bakar yang setara dengan 0.12 liter minyak tanah

Description Alt:
Indonesia has become the importer of oil because the country needs the fuel oil is higher than its production. Therefore need to be considered the searching and utilization of alternative energy sources, especially the renewable energy. Biogas has been developed as an alternative energy. This fuel is made through a process of anaerobic decomposition of various organic matter. Municipal organic waste is a source of organic material that could be developed into biogas, considering the large amount increased from year to year in waste disposal. In this research, effort will be made to increase the production of biogas from the fermentation of organic waste with addition of water in the waste and cow manure as starter. Research were conducted in 153 liter anaerobic reactor at room mesophilic temperature between 25-30 oC, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10, 15, 18, 22 and 25 days and the waste feed has a solid concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%. Experimental result demonstrate that biogas productivity were higher at lower solid concentration, the highest production were 401 liter biogas/kg dry waste, obtained at solid concentration in the feed of 1%, HRT 18 days. Performance of the reactor in the experiment with solid feed rate of 5% or more, the production of biogas per reactor volume tends to be lower with decreasing of HRT. xperiments were also done with the addition of urea in the feed and productivity of the biogas per kg dry waste increase to be more than 7%. Using data at the experiment of solid feed concentration of 3%, HRT 15 days, each kilogram dry waste could

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produce biogas in the same heat-of-combuston with heat content in 120 mL kerosene

Contributor Date Create Type Format Language Identifier Collection Call Number Source Right

: Prof. Dr. Ir. Nonot Soewarno, M.Eng : 29/06/2010 : Text : pdf. : Indonesian : ITS-Master-3100010037368 : 3100010037368 : RTK 628.445 Sat p : Master Theses, Chimecal Engineering, RTK 628.445 Sat p, 2010 : Copyright @2010 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permission should be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITS Library

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