Form 5: Chapter 16 (Trigonometric Functions) SPM Practice Fully-Worked Solutions

Paper 1 1
1 + t2 1 t

tan = t

1 When cos x = , 2 x = 120, 240 When cos x = 1, x = 0, 360 x = 0, 120, 240, 360 4 cos 2 3 sin = 2 1 2 sin2 3 sin 2 = 0 2 sin2 3 sin 1 = 0 2 sin2 + 3 sin + 1 = 0 (2 sin + 1)(sin + 1) = 0 1 sin = or sin = 1 2 1 When sin = , 2 basic = 30 = 210, 330 When sin = 1, = 270 = 210, 270, 330 5 15 cos2 x 7 cos x = 4 cos 60 15 cos2 x 7 cos x = 4(0.5) 15 cos2 x 7 cos x = 2 15 cos2 x 7 cos x 2 = 0 (3 cos x 2)(5 cos x + 1) = 0 2 1 cos x = or cos x = 3 5 2 When cos x = , 3 basic = 48.19 x = 48.19, 311.81 1 When cos x = , 5 basic = 78.46 x = 101.54, 258.46 x = 48.19, 101.54, 258.46, 311.81

(a) cot ( ) 1 = tan ( ) 1 = tan 1 = t (b) cos (90 ) = sin t = 1 + t2 2 6 sec2 20 tan = 0 6(1 + tan2 ) 20 tan = 0 6 + 6 tan2 20 tan = 0 6 tan2 20 tan + 6 = 0 3 tan2 10 tan + 3 = 0 (3 tan 1) (tan 3) = 0 1 tan = or 3 3 1 When tan = , 3 = 18.43, 198.43 When tan = 3, = 71.57, 251.57 = 18.43, 71.57, 198.43, 251.57 3 2 sin2 x + cos x = 1 2(1 cos2 x) + cos x 1 = 0 2 2 cos2 x + cos x 1 = 0 2 cos2 x + cos x + 1 = 0 2 cos2 x cos x 1 = 0 (2 cos x + 1)(cos x 1) = 0 1 cos x = or cos x = 1 2

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tan x + 2 sin x = 0 sin x + 2 sin x = 0 cos x sin x + 2 sin x cos x = 0 sin x (1 + 2 cos x) = 0 1 sin x = 0 or cos x = 2 When sin x = 0, x = 0, 180, 360 1 When cos x = , 2 basic = 60 x = 120, 240 x = 0, 120, 180, 240, 360

1 1 k2

cosec 2 =

1 sin 2 1 = 2 sin cos 1 = 2k 1 k 2

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Paper 2 1 (a) LHS x x = tan + cot 2 2 x x sin cos 2 2 = + x x cos sin 2 2 x x sin2 + cos2 2 2 = x x sin cos 2 2 1 = x x sin cos 2 2 2 = x x 2 sin cos 2 2 2 = sin x = 2 cosec x = RHS (b) (i) Hence, the equation of the straight line for solving the equation 3 3 3 sin x = x 1 is y = x 2. 2 4 2
x y 0 2 2 1

Number of solutions = Number of intersection points =3 2 (a) The sketch of the graph of y = cos 2x for 0 x is as shown below:
y

1 O 1 4 2 x

3 4

This is a y = sin graph with 1 1 1 cycles because = 1 x. 2 2

3x y = 2 sin 2

(b) 2 sin2 x = 2

x
cos 2x = 1 2 sin2 x 2 sin2 x = 1 cos 2x

y 2 1 O 1 2

1 cos 2x = 2

x x cos 2x = 1 x cos 2x = 1

3 x2 y = 2

The straight line that has to be drawn is x y = 1.

x y 0 1
y y = cos 2x 1 O 1 4 2

(ii)

3 3 sin x = x 1 2 4 3 3 2 sin x = x 2 2 2 The solutions to the equation 3 3 2 sin x = x 2 are given by the 2 2 x-coordinates of the intersection 3 points of the graphs of y = 2 sin x 2 3 and y = x 2. 2

3 4 x y=1

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Hence, the number of solutions to the x equation 2 sin2 x = 2 for 0 x = Number of intersection points =2 3 (a) LHS = 2 cos2 x + cosec2 x cot2 x = 2 cos2 x + 1
If cot2 x + 1 = cosec2 x, then cosec2 x cot2 x = 1.

4 (a), (b)
y 2 1 O 2 y = 2 cos x y = |sin 2x | x

3 2 2

= (2 cos x 1) = cos 2x = RHS (b) (i) The sketch of the graph of y = cos 2x is as shown below.
y x 1 y = 2 2 1 O 1 2 2 (2, x 3 1 ) 2

|sin 2x | + 2 cos x = 0 |sin 2x | = 2 cos x Number of solutions = Number of intersection points =2

5 (a), (b) The graph of y = |3 sin 2x | is as shown below.

y y = |3 sin 2x|

1 (0, ) 2

3 2

y = cos 2x

x (ii) 2(2 cos x + cosec x cot x) = 1 x 2(cos 2x) = 1 x 1 cos 2x = 2 2

2 2 2

3 2 1 2

y=33 x 3

The straight line that has to be x 1 . sketched is y = 2 2

x y 0 1 2 2 1 2

3 |3 sin 2x | =

3 x

3 3 x = |3 sin 2x | Therefore, the equation of the straight line 3 that should be drawn is y = 3 x.
x y 0 3 2 3

Number of solutions = Number of intersection points =4

Number of solutions = Number of intersection points =4

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6 (a) LHS =

2 cot x 2 cosec2 x cos x 2 sin x = 1 2 sin2 x cos x 2 sin x = 2 sin2 x 1 sin2 x

(b) (i), (ii)

y

1 4

1 2

3 4

x (, 5)

5x y=
2

sin x 2 cos x (1 2 sin2 x) sin x 2 sin x cos x = (1 2 sin2 x) sin 2x = cos 2x = tan 2x = RHS =

2 cot x 5x =0 2 cosec2 x 5x tan 2x =0 tan 2x = 5x 5x .

Sketch the straight line y = Number of solutions = 3

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