Guide RC Project Nagy-Gyorgy T 2013-04-09

REINFORCEDCONCRETE
DESIGNGUIDE
1
ST
PART
Preparedby
NAGYGYRGY Tams
Phd,Lecturer
tamas.nagygyorgy@ct.upt.ro
FLORU Codru
Phd,AssistantLecturer
codrut.florut@ct.upt.ro
2013
V2
REFERENCES
SR EN 1992 1 1 2004 P i t t t il d b t P t 1 1 R li l t ldi i SR EN 1992-1-1: 2004, Proiectarea structurilor de beton, Partea 1-1: Reguli generale pentru cldiri
(+AC:2008)
SR EN 1992-1-1/NB: 2008, Proiectarea structurilor de beton, Partea 1-1: Reguli generale pentru cldiri.
Anexa Naional
EN 1992-1-1: 2004, Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
SR EN 1991-1-1:2004, Aciuni asupra structurilor. Partea 1-1: Aciuni generale (+ NA:2006)
P 100-1/2006, Cod de proiectare seismic - Partea I - Prevederi de proiectare pentru cldiri
Cadar I., Clipii T., Tudor A., Beton Armat (ed. II), Ed. Orizonturi Universitare, 2004, ISBN 973-638-176-5
Kiss Z., One T., Proiectarea structurilor de beton armat dup SR EN 1992-1, Ed. Abel, 2008, ISBN
973114070-0
Mosley W.H., Burgey J.H., Hulse R., Reinforced Concrete Design to Eurocode 2, Sixth Edition, 2007, ISBN:
9780230500716 9780230500716
Nilson A., Darwin D., Dolan Ch., Design of Concrete Structures (13th Ed.), McGraw-Hill Co, 2004, ISBN 0-07-
248305-9
Newman J., Choo B. S., Advanced Concrete Technology SET, Ed. Elsevier Science, 2003, ISBN-13:
9780750656863
I.DESIGNOFARCCASTINPLACESLAB
S O OO 1. ELEMENTS OF A FLOOR
- STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS WITH STRENGTH ROLE - STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS , WITH STRENGTH ROLE
- SLAB AND BEAMS (DISPOSED IN ONE OR TWO DIRECTIONS, WHICH SUPPORTS THE
SLAB)
NON STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS E G PROTECTIONS - NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS, E.G. PROTECTIONS
- FINISHING, FLOORS, ISOLATIONS (ACOUSTIC, HYDRO-), INSULATIONS
GIRDERS (MAIN BEAMS) BEING ALSO IN THE SAME TIME BEAMS OF THE FRAME ( )
SECONDARY BEAMS DISPOSED PERPENDICULAR TO THE GIRDERS, BEING
EQUIDISTANT (AS IS MUCH AS IT IS POSSIBLE), THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN THEIR AXIS BEING BETWEEN THEIR AXIS BEING
IN THE CASE OF SLABS REINFORCED IN ONE DIRECTION THE RATIO
p

IN THE CASE OF SLABS REINFORCED IN ONE DIRECTION, THE RATIO
OF A SLAB PANEL RESPECTS THE CONDITION:
mox min p
1 ELEMENTS OF A FLOOR 1. ELEMENTS OF A FLOOR
The cast-in-place floor is a space structure, because, through concrete and
t l i f t li k b t th t l t i t d steel reinforcement a link between the component elements is created.
The computation of a space structure is quite difficult, therefore, in design is
t d th l l ti f h t t l l t t l t ki i t accepted the calculation of each structural element separately, taking into
account the load transmission modes, in vertical direction, toward the supports.
I thi it ld b d itt d th t th l b (S) i t d b th d In this way, it could be admitted that the slab (S) is supported by the secondary
beams (SB), the secondary beams are supported by the girders (G) and columns
(C) and the girders together with columns are forming the frame, which transmits
the loads to the foundations (F) and to the terrain the loads to the foundations (F) and to the terrain.
S SB frame = G + C F terrain
The route of the loads specifies the order in which the design of the structural element must be done, i.e.
design of the slab, then secondary beams, girders, etc.
Girders
Secondary beams
Slab panel
Columns
Detail A
(
o
p
e
n
i
n
g
)
(bay)
Transversal sections
girder secondary beam
L
secondary
beam
girder
Detail A
n x B
L
Girder
secondary
beam
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
Formwork plane
DESIGN PHASES DESIGN PHASES
- PRE-DIMENSIONING: choosing the structural elements dimensions
according to the recommendations, in such a way to correspond also to other
criteria that the strength; g ;
- COMPUTATION OF THE LOADS: determination of the design loads,
knowing the structural elements dimensions, the composition of non-structural
elements, destination and location of the construction;
- ESTABLISHING THE STATIC SCHEME FOR DESIGN based on the design
f th l t spans of the elements;
- STATIC DESIGN: determining the most unfavourable effects of design loads
which acting on the admitted static scheme It can be solved by using CAD which acting on the admitted static scheme. It can be solved by using CAD
programs or manually, with approximate methods;
DESIGN PHASES DESIGN PHASES
- THE PROPER DESIGN, through following steps:
- finalization of the elements cross section, based on the results ,
from the static calculations and on the used material characteristics;
- computation of the reinforcement area and setting their layout;
- execution drawing, which includes the framework plane and
reinforcement layout, reinforcement details and material consumptions
( l f th t d i f t) (volume of the concrete and reinforcement).
2 PRE DIMENSIONING THE ELEMENTS OF THE FLOOR 2. PRE-DIMENSIONING THE ELEMENTS OF THE FLOOR
SLAB
mox min p
IF YESSLAB REINFORCED IN A SINGLE DIRECTION
mox min p
(Conf. P100-1/2006)
s min min
Section aa
h
s
h
s
= M x 10 mm
l = interaxis
BEAMS
DIMENSION RECOMMENDATIONS
L/(1215) girders
HEIGHT
Minimum,h
min
/( 5) g de s
L/20 secondarybeams
L/(812) girders
Optimum, h
opt
L/(812) girders
L/(1215) secondarybeams
WIDTH h/b = 1.5 3 rectangular section
b
i
= 200 mm
WIDTH h/b 1.53 rectangularsection
b
min
= 200 mm
h, b = M x 50 mm
L = interaxis
COLUMNS (is chosen)
b
COL
= (b
G
+ 5cm) 350 mm
h
COL
1,2 b
COL
h, b = M x 50 mm
3 COMPUTATION OF LOADS 3. COMPUTATION OF LOADS
ACTION CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES
PERMANENT
Variationintimeis
negligible
Selfweight:structuralelements,
finishing,etc.
Loads resulted from using of the
VARIABLE
Variationintimeis
important
Loads resultedfromusingofthe
buildings(liveloads)
Wind
SSnow
ACCIDENTAL
Highintensity,reducedtime
ofaction
Earthquake
Explosion
J k
Designvalue
ofaction
Partialsafety
coefficient
Characteristic
valueofaction
GENERALLY, THESE LOADS CAN BE CONSIDERED UNIFORMLY
DISTRIBUTED ON THE SLAB SURFACE AND THERE ARE EXPRESSED IN
kN/m
2
.
FOR THE CHARACTERISTIC VALUES k
DESIGN VALUES d
PERMANENT (DEAD) CHARACTERISTIC LOADS : g
k
( ) g
k
SELFWEIGHT
P
k k,i
- RC SLAB
k,s s RC
- PLASTER
- FLOOR
k,plost plost plost
FLOOR
- Asphalt
- Mosaic
k,loor A
2
k,loor H
2
2
- Pavement
- Cement concrete lining
k,loor P
2
k,loor CC
2
SPECIFIC WEIGHT
MATERIALS
SPECIFICWEIGHT
[kN/m
3
]
CONCRETES
R.C. 25.0
FINISHINGPLASTERS
C t t 21 0 Cementmortar 21.0
Cementlimemortar 19.0
Limeorplastermortar 17.0 p
VARIABLE (LIVE) CHARACTERISTIC LOADS: q
k
( ) q
k
IMPOSEDLOADS Q
k k,i
- CATEGORIES OF USE
k,Cu
- PARTITION WALLS
k,pw
(according to SR EN 1991-1-1:2004)
PERMANENT DESIGN LOADS
J g k
VARIABLE DESIGN LOADS
J q k J q k
TYPE OF LOAD
PARTIALSAFETYFACTORFORACTIONS
TYPEOFLOAD
F
PERMANENT LOADS

g
=1.35
VARIABLE LOADS

q
=1.50
LOAD COMBINATION
- In the design, actions are combined to produce the most unfavorable effects
on the structure on the structure
- The combinations are specific for the limit state which is used in design
- Dimensioning and verification of the concrete sections and the reinforcements
will be done in Ultimate Limit State (ULS)
- General form in conf. of CR 0, ch. 4.3 (!):
J J J
k,1 u,i k,i
4 STATIC DESIGN OF THE SLAB 4. STATIC DESIGN OF THE SLAB
ESTABLISHING THE STATIC SCHEME
- In order to find out the stresses (bending and shear), the slab reinforced in one
direction can be replaced with a 1.0 m wide slab, considered in the short span of the p , p
slab panels, this means that on the discharge direction of loads.
From the static point of view, this strip is equivalent with a continues beam.
Supports of the slab are the secondary beams, while the design spans (l
c
) of the
continues beam are the clear spans (l
0
) of the slab (clear distance between the continues beam are the clear spans (l
0
) of the slab (clear distance between the
secondary beams)
interaxisspan:l
pp
designspan,usedinstaticdesign: l
c
= l
0
-The real slab is replaced with a continues beam having spans of l
c
and linear
distributed loads of p
d
x 1 m [kN/m]
Envelope curves
g
d,gs
/q
d,gs
=0,5
g
d,gs
/q
d,gs
=5
-The real slab is replaced with a continues beam having spans of l
c
and linear
distributed loads of p
d
x 1 m [kN/m]
14 14
envelopecurves
5 DIMENSIONING OF THE SLAB 5. DIMENSIONING OF THE SLAB
CHARACTERISTIC AND DESIGN STRENGTH
CONCRETE
Q lit f t i d fi d b th t th l hi h i th h t i ti Quality of concrete is defined by the strength class, which is the characteristic
compressive strength on cylinders
ck
Concrete class is
Design compressive strength of concrete
ck ck,cubc
J k
Design compressive strength of concrete
REINFORCEMENT
cJ ck c
Design strength of reinforcement
yJ yk s
CHARACTERISTIC AND DESIGN STRENGTH
FINALIZING THE THICKNESS OF THE SLAB
Design section of the slab
h
s
s s
Reinforcement oftheslab
p
opt
(%)forreinforcingwith
f
yk
=400500N/mm
2
f
yk
=300400N/mm
2
In 1 direction
0 25 0 50 0 30 0 60
In1direction
0,250,50 0,300,60
In2directions
0,20 0,50 0,25 0,50
Checking of the chosen thickness (necessary)
ncc
EJ
cJ
M
Ed
the maximum bending moment from the static design
b 000
cJ
b = 1000 mm
or = f() table , where
p
J
p = (1 - u.S)
, in function of p
opt
=
p
1uu
yJ
cJ

Computation of the necessary slab thickness
where b
s,ncc
= J
ncc
+J
s
J
s
= (c
nom
+ 2)
c
nom
= c
min
+c
Jc:
Computation of the necessary slab thickness
bond
c
min
= max(c
min ,b
; c
min ,Jur
; 1umm)
bond
durability
c
min ,b
=
mox
mox
= u.1b
s
|
mm
]
+ 2mm
durability
!!!!!!!!! in function of the Exposure Class
and Structural class (Ch. 4.4 )
c
Jc:
= S mm
c
min ,Jur
= 1u - 2S mm
h
s
= M x 10 mm
Jc:
5. DIMENSIONING OF THE SLAB
FINALIZING THE THICKNESS OF THE SLAB FINALIZING THE THICKNESS OF THE SLAB
If
OK
b
s,prcJim
b
s,ncc

If
RE-CALCULATION OF THE LOADS MOMENTS
FINALIZING THE SLAB THICKNESS
b
s,prcJim
< b
s,ncc

CALCULATION OF THE REINFORCEMENT AREA
Effective depth:
J = b
s
-J
s

EJ
2
cJ
A
s
= bJ

cJ
yJ
DETAILING RULES principal reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
A
s,min
= u.26
ctm
k
bJ u.uu1SbJ
yk
A
s,mox
u.u4bJ
1 Sb 2uu (N A ) s
mox
= 1.Sb
s
2uumm (N. A. )
s
min
= 8umm
straight (bound) bars
mox
= u.1b
s
|
mm
]
+ 2mm
min
= 6mm
welded bars (welded fabrics)
min
= Smm
ngyt1
Slide 37
ngyt1 in conformity with the N.A.
tamas.nagygyorgy; 02.03.2011
DETAILING RULES principal reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
- At the edge of the slab
A
s,sup
= 2S%A
s,spon
- Perpendicular to the girder
A
s,sup
= 6rcin. spocing rom tbc spon
l
o
gs gs
lo /4
G
P gs gs
DETAILING RULES secondary reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
= min 20% A = min 20% A
s
s
mox
= 2.Sb
s
Suumm (N. A. )
ngyt2
Slide 39
ngyt2 in conformity with the N.A.
tamas.nagygyorgy; 02.03.2011
DETAILING RULES welded wire mesh (fabric) reinforcements
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9)
- At the edge of the slab
A
s,sup
= min Su%A
s,spon
- Perpendicular to the girder
A
s,sup ,min
= S1Su
l
o
gs gs
lo /4
G
P gs gs
5 DIMENSIONING OF THE SLAB
4.52cm
2
3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with inclined bars
5.58cm
2 3.50cm
2
5 DIMENSIONING OF THE SLAB
4.52cm
2
3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with inclined bars
5.58cm
2 3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with straight bars
4.52cm
2
3.50cm
2
5.58cm
2 3.50cm
2
SLAB LAYOUT reinforcement with welded wire mesh (welded fabric)
CHECKINGTHESLABFORSHEARFORCES
Generally, in the case of usual slabs with low thickness, the reinforcement is
resulting from the design for bending and reinforcement for shear force is not
needed. needed.
To verify this:
RJ,c EJ mox
I
RJ,c
= |C
RJ,c
k(1uup
l
ck
)
1S
]bJ u.uSS k
S2

ck
12
bJ
C
RJ,c
= u.18y
c
_
A
k = 1 +
_
2uu
J
2.uu
p
l
=
A
sl
bJ
u.u2
II.DESIGNOFTHESECONDARYBEAM
1. COMPUTATION OF LOADS
s.b. s.b.
s.b
l
osb
b
G
b
G
G
s.b
G
B
b
sb
1. COMPUTATION OF LOADS
s.b.
s.b
b
sb
l
osb
b
G
b
G
G
s.b
G
P
k,sb k,s p sb s sb RC
B
ITISTHETOTAL
LOAD!!!
Q
k,sb k,s p
d,xh g k,sb q k,sb
2. STATIC DESIGN OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
ESTABLISHING THE STATIC SCHEME ESTABLISHING THE STATIC SCHEME
The secondary beam will be computed as a continues beam, with design
spans , the supports being the girders.
c u sb 0
p , pp g g
c u,sb 0
11
3. DIMENSIONING OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
A
s1
Step2 A
s1
Step2
- - A
s2
= the minimum between
B C
s2
the reinforcements obtained
from the adjacent spans in
Step 1 (here from M
1
and M
2
)
+ +
1
2
A
s1
Step1 A
s1
Step1
FINALIZING THE HEIGHT OF THE SECONDARY BEAM FINALIZING THE HEIGHT OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
Checking the chosen height (necessary)
ncc
EJ
sb cJ
M
Ed
- maximum bending moment from the static design
sb cJ
b
sb
- from pre-dimensioning
or = f() table, where
p = (1 - u.S)
, in function of p
opt
1.2 1.8
=
p
1uu
yJ
cJ

Computation of the necessary height
b
sb,ncc
= J
ncc
+ J
s
long
J
s
= c
nom
+
stirr
+
long
2

stirr
c
nom
d
s
c
nom
= c
min
+c
Jc:
Computation of the necessary height
bond
c
min
= max(c
min ,b
; c
min ,Jur
; 1umm)
bond
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! in function of the Exposure Class
c
min ,b
=
mox
mox
= 2umm2Smm
durability
and Structural class (Ch. 4.4 )
1u
c
min ,Jur
= 1u - 2S mm
h
sb
= M x 50 mm and then verification h
sb
/b
sb
=1,5 3,0 ???
c
Jc:
= 1umm
If
OK
b
sb,prcJim
b
sb,ncc
If
RE-CALCULATION OF THE LOADS MOMENTS
FINALIZING THE HEIGHT OF THE SECONDARY BEAM
b
sb,prcJim
< b
sb,ncc
DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS IN SPAN DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS IN SPAN
simple reinforced T section
Th ff ti idth f th fl (b ) d d th b d fl The effective width of the flange (b
eff
), depends on the web and flange
dimensions, the type of loading, the span, the support conditions and the
transverse reinforcement.
l The effective width of the flange (b
eff
) should be based on the distance l
0
between points of zero moment.
(B) (B) (B)
b
eff
b
c
= b
c ,i
+b
w
b
b = u 2b +u 1l u 2l b
c,i
= u,2b
i
+u,1l
u
u,2l
u
b
c,i
b
i
T bl th d Table method
b
c
b
w
=
J =
EJ
2
A
s
= b
c
J

cJ
yJ
c
2
cJ
If >
lim
re-dimensioning of the section
DETAILING RULES DETAILING RULES
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9 and P100/1-2006, Ch.5)
f i i
A u 26
ctm
bJ u uu1SbJ
- for non-seismic zones
A
s,min
= u.26
ctm
yk
bJ u.uu1SbJ
ctm
- for seismic zones (b = b
w
)
A u u4bJ
A
s,min
= u.Su
ctm
yk
bJ u.uu1SbJ
- according to P100/1-2006
A
s,mox
u.u4bJ
2S
min
= 14mm
mox
= 2Smm
(SR EN 1992-1-1/ Ch. 9 and P100/1-2006, Ch.5)
- At the edge of the beam
A
s,sup
= 1S%A
s,spon
- Anchorage of bottom reinforcement at end support
- Anchorage at intermediate supports
>0.3l
o
>0.3l
o
>0.3l
o
~10cm ~10cm ~10cm
A B
l10d
A B
l
bd
min2
28secondary
min2
l
bd
min2
min2
(ch. 8.4.4) l
bJ
= o
1
o
2
o
S
o
4
o
S
l
b,rqJ
l
b,min
l
b,rqJ
= (4)(
yJ
bJ
) =

yJ
4
bJ

for anchorages in tension
l
b i
> mox|u Sl
b J
; 1u; 1uumm|
for anchorages in tension
for anchorages in compression
l
b,min
> mox|u.Sl
b,rqJ
; 1u; 1uumm|
l
b,min
> mox|u.6l
b,rqJ
; 1u; 1uumm|
DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS ON THE SUPPORTS DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS ON THE SUPPORTS
double reinforced rectangular cross section
AA
s1
unknown
A
s2
(reinforcementfromthespan)
DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS ON THE SUPPORTS DESIGN OF THE REINFORCEMENTS ON THE SUPPORTS
double reinforced rectangular cross section
I l l t d
EJ s2 yJ 2
ITISTHE MINIMUM
Is calculated
- If
a
>
lim
re-dimensioning of the section
o
EJ s2 yJ 2
2
cJ
EFFECTIVEAREA !!!
a

lim
g
- If
a
< 0 A
s1
=
H
EJ
yJ
(J - J
2
)
- If 0 <
a
<
lim
, from
a

a

yJ
(J J
2
)
A
o
=
o
bJ

cJ
a

lim

a a
A
s1
= A
a
+ A
s2
yJ
DESIGN FOR SHEAR FORCE DESIGN FOR SHEAR FORCE
Computation the shear resistance of concrete
I
RJ
= |C
RJ
k(1uup
l
k
)
1S
]b J u uSS k
S2

k
12
b J
C u 18y
_
2uu
I
RJ,c
|C
RJ,c
k(1uup
l
ck
) ]b
w
J u.uSS k
ck
b
w
J
C
RJ,c
= u.18y
c
k = 1 +
_
2uu
J
2.uu
p
l
=
A
sl
u.u2 p
l
b
w
J
u.u2
If minimum shear reinforcement will be provide
RJ,c EJ
p
sw
=
A
sw
s b
w
sin
p
sw,min
= u.u8
ck
yk

s
l,mox
= u.7SJ(1 +cot ) Suumm
For providing of double-arm stirrups b
w
4uumm
If is imposed = 45
o
(crack)
RJ,c EJ
= 90
o
(stirrups)
where z 0,9d _
A
sw
s
]
ncc
=
I
EJ
ywJ
z
choose A
sw
= n x
sw
s
nec
y
and then must be verified if
_
A
sw
] _
A
sw
] _
sw
s
]
c
_
sw
s
]
ncc
DETAILING RULES
T h d til f il To have a ductile failure
RJ,s RJ,mox
_
A
sw
] u Sb v

cJ
_
s
]
c
u.Sb
w
v
1
ywJ
Where v
1
= u.6_1 -

ck
2Su
]
III.DESIGNOFSLABDEFLECTION
( ) 1. DESIGN OF SLAB DEFLECTIONS (Axis VM)
Supports blocked in Z Supports blocked in Z
Permanent loads applied simultaneously
Variable loads applied in chess and/or strips
Design combination in SLS in conformity of CR 0, ch. 4.4:
1,1 k,1 2,i k,i

Guide RC Project Nagy-Gyorgy T 2013-04-09

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