PUB. NO. 7249246B Supersedes No.

7249246A

SKYDROL5
H I G H-T E M P E R A T U R E H Y D R A U L I C F L U I D

Thermal Stability Provides up to 4X extended fluid life vs Type IV uids. Erosion Resistance Unlike Type IV uids,Skydrol 5 maintains erosion resistance above Type IV temp rating.
W H Y S K Y D R O L 5

Fluid Density Lowest density PE hydraulic uid, which can result in significant fuel savings. Toxicity New basestock eliminates potential long-term health effect concern.

SKYDROL5
C CO O N N T ET NE T NS T S 3 4 A Brief History of Skydrol Aviation Hydraulic Fluid Improved Thermal Stability Skydrol Stability Comparison 5 Higher Temperature Erosion Resistance Erosion Resistance Test 6 7 Lower Density Equates to Weight Savings Relative Fuel Savings Using Skydrol 5 vs Current Type IV Fluids Estimated Weight Savings Based on Aircraft Model 8 9 11 Typical Physical and Chemical Properties Typical Fire Resistance Properties Personal Safety Improved Toxicity Product Safety Skin Protection Proper First Aid Treatment for Eye Exposure
Cover: Photo of MD-11 courtesy of Douglas Aircraft Company. (Boeing Long Beach division.)

Inhalation of Skydrol 5 Fluid Ingestion of Skydrol 5 Fluid 12 Cleaning Skydrol 5 Fluid Spills Cleaning Solvents Non-Halogenated Cleaning Solvents

I N F O R M AT I O N

For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150

A Brief History of Skydrol Aviation Hydraulic Fluid

E
SKYDROL 5S PATENTED FORMULATION SETS THE STANDARD FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF PHOSPHATE ESTER-BASED HYDRAULIC FLUID. IT IS A LIGHTER, MORE THERMALLY STABLE FLUID THAN ANY EXISTING TYPE IV HYDRAULIC FLUID.

arly aviation hydraulic systems were used to apply brake pressure. These systems used various oil-based hydraulic uids. As aircraft designs produced larger and faster aircraft, greater use of hydraulics was necessary. These advances led to the development of petroleum-based hydraulic uids such as Mil-O-3580 and, later, Mil-H-5606. Shortly after World War II, the growing number of aircraft hydraulic uid res drew the collective concern of the commercial aviation industry and the public. In the later 1940s, Douglas Aircraft Company and Solutia Inc. cooperated in the development of a re resistant hydraulic uid based on phosphate ester chemistry, which was named Skydrol 7000. As the aviation transport industry moved toward more sophisticated aircraft that operated at more extreme conditions, Skydrol 500A uid was developed to meet the needs of these new aircraft. Continuous development of more advanced aircraft led to modications of the Skydrol uid formulations. The changes required

by the aircraft manufacturers are known as modications to the uid specications ... or simply as Type I, II, III, or Type IV uids. Skydrol LD-4 and Skydrol 500B-4, Solutias Type IV uids, have been in commercial service without modication since 1978. Aircraft design and the transport industry continue to evolve. Newer, more efcient aircraft designs and improved maintenance procedures put greater demands on hydraulic uid. Solutia has invested over 10 years of effort to develop a new hydraulic uid to meet these demands. Skydrol 5 sets the standard for the next generation of phosphate ester-based hydraulic uid. It is a lighter, more thermally stable uid than any existing Type IV hydraulic uid. Solutia has over 50 years of experience in providing Skydrol brand phosphate ester-based hydraulic uid to the commercial air transport industry. We are condent that Skydrol 5 will continue our record of outstanding service to the industry.

Photo courtesy of Douglas Aircraft Company.

I N F O R M AT I O N

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Photo courtesy of The Boeing Company.

SKYDROL5
Improved Thermal Stability
hosphate ester hydraulic uid can degrade with time and temperature via two chemical mechanisms: hydrolysis and oxidation.

Hydrolysis is a chemical decomposition of the phosphate ester base stock of the hydraulic uid. The rate of hydrolytic decomposition of the uid is proportional to the water content and the temperature of the uid. Skydrol 5s patented formulation is built on a new phosphate ester base stock, Tri-isoButyl Phosphate. Type IV uids are built on Tri-Butyl Phosphate. Tri-isoButyl Phosphate is more resistant to hydrolysis than Tri-butyl Phosphate.

Oxidation is a chain reaction that leads to the degradation of the hydraulic uid. The rate of oxidation is proportional to temperature. Anti-oxidants are added to uid formulations to minimize the contribution of oxidation to uid degradation. Skydrol 5 contains a more robust package of anti-oxidants than any Type IV uid. This package of anti-oxidants makes Skydrol 5 more resistant to oxidation, and therefore, Skydrol 5 can operate for longer periods of time at higher temperatures. The useful life of Skydrol 5 is more than twice that of Type IV uids at 275F. At 350F, the useful life of Skydrol 5 is approximately four times longer than Type IV uids.

The useful life of Skydrol 5 is compared with Type IV uids in Figures 1 and 2, for two different moisture levels, at 212F/100C. The useful life of the uids is based on sealed tube experiments. It is important to note that the useful uid life is dened at a constant exposure temperature. While the temperature in a working hydraulic system normally remains below 225F, the temperature of the uid may be much higher at localized hot spots. The actual improvement in uid life of Skydrol 5 over Type IV uids will depend on the thermal environment of each particular system.

F I G U R E S 1 A N D 2 : S K Y D R O L 5 S TA B I L I T Y C O M PA R I S O N

Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 212F/100C @ 0.2% Moisture

100 90 100

Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 212F/100C @ 0.5% Moisture

Type IV Fluids % Epoxide Depletion

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Type IV Fluids

% Epoxide Depletion

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000

Skydrol 5

Skydrol 5

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

Hours

Hours

Average of results with 1, 50 and 200 ppm Cl

Average of results with 1, 50 and 200 ppm Cl

I N F O R M AT I O N

For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150

Higher Temperature Erosion Resistance

kydrol 5 has been designed to provide the same erosion protection characteristics at 275F/135C that Skydrol Type IV uids have demonstrated at 225F/107C. Skydrol 5 displays outstanding erosion protection and reliable pump performance at these elevated temperatures.

F I G U R E 3 : E R O S I O N R E S I S TA N C E T E S T

Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 275F/135C

250

Net Internal Leakage (cc/min)

Type IV Fluids
200

150

100

Skydrol 5

50

0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

Hours AS1241B/BMS 3-11 protocol @ 200 ppm chlorine and 275F (Average of multiple test runs)

SKYDROL5
Lower Density Equates to Weight Savings

irframe manufacturers and operators are becoming more conscious of the benets of weight saving in todays competitive environment. Any weight that can be removed from an aircraft translates to increased payload and/or fuel savings. Skydrol 5 sets a new standard as the lowest density phosphate-ester based hydraulic uid.

The density of Skydrol 5 is lower than the density of existing Type IV uids. Typical weight savings per aircraft model are given in the table. The use of Skydrol 5 can translate into 5 to 120 pounds of weight savings depending on the aircraft model. This weight saving will lead directly to reduced fuel burn!

F I G U R E 4 : R E L AT I V E F U E L S AV I N G S U S I N G S K Y D R O L 5 V S . C U R R E N T T Y P E I V F L U I D S

Basis: Fuel Burn Factor = .045 lb fuel/lb Fuel Density = 6.7 Savings are per aircraft

INSTRUCTIONS:

3,000

Locate on the X-Axis the aircraft hydraulic system size, referencing Figure 5 below.
Standard Density

Fuel Savings/Yr/Aircraft (Gal)

2,500

2,000

Measure up until you intercept the diagonal line of the uid presently in use (Standard or Low Density). Measure across to the Y-Axis to identify the projected annual fuel savings (in gallons).

Example: Switching to Skydrol 5 in a B-747 with 178 gallon hydraulic system. From Standard Density uid will save approximately 2,400 gallons of fuel/year. From Low Density Type IV uids will save 700-1,000 gallons of fuel/year.

1,500

1,000

Low Density

500

0 0 50 100 150 200

Hydraulic System Size (Gal)

FIGURE 5: ESTIMATED WEIGHT SAVINGS BASED ON AIRCRAFT MODEL HYDRAULIC SYSTEM VOLUME* WEIGHT SAVINGS OVER TYPE IV FLUIDS ANNUAL FUEL SAVINGS PER AIRCRAFT

AIRCRAFT TYPE

Airbus A300 A310 A319 A320 A321 A330 A340 Boeing B717 B727 B737-100,200 B737-300 to 500 B747 B757 B767 B777 Douglas DC-8 DC-9 DC-10 MD-11 MD-80 MD-90 Lockheed L1011 106 gallons 99 gallons 62 gallons 62 gallons 66 gallons 116 gallons 124 gallons 23 gallons 33 gallons 23 gallons 33 gallons 178 gallons 78 gallons 81 gallons 180 gallons 68 gallons 29 gallons 135 gallons 133 gallons 24 gallons 29 gallons 137 gallons 16 - 71 pounds 15 - 66 pounds 43 pounds 9 - 42 pounds 10 - 44 pounds 17 - 78 pounds 19 - 83 pounds 16 pounds 23 pounds 3 - 15 pounds 5 - 22 pounds 27 - 120 pounds 12 - 52 pounds 12 - 54 pounds 124 pounds 38 pounds 20 pounds 93 pounds 20 - 89 pounds 4 - 16 pounds 20 pounds 21 - 92 pounds 377 - 1625 gallons 320 - 1380 gallons 176 - 761 gallons 176 - 761 gallons 187 - 806 gallons 302 - 1423 gallons 353 - 1521 gallons 65 - 600 gallons 139 - 418 gallons 82 - 355 gallons 118 - 510 gallons 506 - 2159 gallons 216 - 933 gallons 209 - 902 gallons 512 - 2208 gallons 196 - 843 gallons 116 - 501 gallons 432 - 1863 gallons 393 - 1693 gallons 82 - 429 gallons 99 - 356 gallons 450 - 1941 gallons

*Approximate volume includes reservoirs

I N F O R M AT I O N

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SKYDROL5
FIGURE 6: TYPICAL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PROPERTY SKYDROL 5 TEST METHOD

Specic Gravity @ 77/77F Density @ 77F Weight/Gallon @ 77F Viscosity in cs. @ -65F/-54C @ 100F/38C @ 210F/99C Neutralization Number Moisture Content (wt.%) Cleanliness Level Pour Point Vapor Pressure @ 212F Coefcient of Thermal Expansion V/V/F Bulk Modulus Dielectric Strength @ 77F Elect. Conductivity @ 77F/25 Microsiemens/cm Foaming Characteristic 1) @ 75F/24C 2) @ 200F/93C 3) @ 75F/24C (after 200F) Elastomer Compatibility
*Equivalent to Type IV Class I Fluids.

0.977 0.974 g/ml 8.13 pounds

Solutia 116-D

ASTM D-445 2085 9.23 3.18 0.04 mg KOH/g 0.20% maximum NAS 1638 Class 7 or better < -80F/-62C 7.7 mm Hg 4.6 X 10-4/F (75F-225F) 211,000 6.5KVAC 0.23 PTV Bleed-off ASTM D-877 ASTM D-2624 ASTM D-664 Solutia 78-A,B Solutia 56-E ASTM D-77 ASTM D-2879

79 mls. - 30 secs. 57 mls. - 32 secs. 81 mls. - 32 secs.

ASTM D-892

Meets industry requirements*

I N F O R M AT I O N

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FIGURE 7: TYPICAL FIRE RESISTANCE PROPERTIES

PROPERTY

SKYDROL 5

TEST METHOD

Flash Point Fire Point AIT Hot Manifold Ignition Spray Ignition Wick Cycling Ignition High Temperature/High Pressure Spray Test

318F/159C 362F/183C 870F/466C Burns on tube, does not burn on shield (pass) No increase 26+ cycles Will not ignite

ASTM D-92 ASTM D-92 ASTM D-2155 BMS 3-11 DMS 2014 BMS 3-11 BMS 3-11

* See Solutia Publication 7249118, Skydrol Fire Resistant Hydraulic Fluid, for a description of these tests.

I N F O R M AT I O N

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12

SKYDROL5
Personal Safety
IMPROVED TOXICITY SKIN PROTECTION I N H A L AT I O N O F S K Y D R O L 5 F L U I D

All available Type IV hydraulic fluids contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate. Exposure to high levels of Tri-Butyl Phosphate may have the potential for long-term health effects. The base stock for Skydrol 5 is Tri-isoButyl Phosphate. Skydrol 5 does not contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate.
PRODUCT SAFETY

To avoid skin exposure, a worker should wear gloves. Some manufacturers claim Nitrile gloves are suitable for this purpose. Nylon latex and polyethylene throw-aways are also acceptable. Solutia does not recommend the use of protective barrier creams as they do not provide complete protection.
P R O P E R F I R S T A I D T R E AT M E N T FOR EYE EXPOSURE

When mist or vapor is possible because of high pressure leaks, or any leak hitting a hot surface, a respirator capable of removing organic vapors and mists should be worn. Upper respiratory tract irritation, including nose and throat irritation and tracheitis and/or bronchitis, may occur from inhalation of a Skydrol 5 mist. People with asthma may demonstrate a more marked reaction.
INGESTION OF SKYDROL 5 FLUID

Skydrol 5 is a phosphate ester-based uid blended with performance additives. Phosphate esters are good solvents and, as such, will dissolve away some of the fatty materials of the skin. Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause drying of the skin which, if unattended, could result in complications such as dermatitis or even secondary infection from bacteria. Skydrol 5 does not contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate which has been shown to cause urinary bladder damage in laboratory animals at high dosages. Refer to the MSDS for toxicity data and product safety information.

Where splashing or spraying is possible, chemical-type goggles should be worn. Eye contact with Skydrol 5 is likely to cause severe eye pain. First aid should consist of washing the uid from the eye with potable tap water or a standard eye irrigation uid (such as dacriose solution). Copious ushing is advisable. After ushing, add sterile mineral oil or castor oil which is approved for ophthalmic treatment to aid in relieving the pain. Additional treatment, if needed, should be administered under the supervision of a physician.

Ingestion of small amounts of Skydrol 5 uid does not appear to be highly hazardous. Should ingestion of a full swallow or more occur, we suggest the immediate ingestion of a large volume of milk or water, followed with hospital-supervised stomach treatment, including several rinses of saline solution and milk.

Photo courtesy of The Boeing Company.

I N F O R M AT I O N

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11

SKYDROL5
Cleaning Skydrol 5 Fluid Spills
Wipe up excess Skydrol 5 uid using disposable toweling. Spread an approved oil absorption oor sweep and allow sufcient time to soak up the uid before sweeping. Wipe the oor with an approved solvent followed by a soapy solution and clear water rinse. Dispose of the towels, oor sweep compound and solvents by approved disposal methods. Aircraft tires should be cleaned of any Skydrol spillage with soap and water only per the manufacturers recommendations.
C L E A N I N G S O LV E N T S

Components containing Skydrol 5 can be cleaned with non-halogenated cleaning solvents. These cleaning solvents, which should be used in the cleaning of all critical hydraulic components, do not contain chlorine, a serious hydraulic uid contaminant. Although noncritical hydraulic components can be cleaned with halogenated solvents, the use of such solvents is discouraged due to waste disposal problems and the possibility of hydraulic system contamination.

SkyKleen Aviation Solvent has been thoroughly tested up to contamination levels of 1,000 ppm, and found to be safe for use around hydraulic systems.
N O N - H A L O G E N AT E D C L E A N I N G S O LV E N T S

SkyKleenTM Aviation Solvent by Solutia NTA-L (NSN 6850-00-264-9039) PD-680 Stoddard Solvent (85% nonane/ 15% trimethylbenzene) Odorless Mineral Spirits White Spirits Methylethyl Ketone (MEK) Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)

Notice: Although the information and recommendations set forth herein (hereinafter Information) are presented in good faith and believed to be correct as of the date hereof, Solutia Inc. makes no representation or warranties as to the completeness or accuracy thereof. Information is supplied upon the condition that the persons receiving same will make their own determination as to its suitability for their purposes prior to use. In no event will Solutia Inc. be responsible for damages of any nature whatsoever resulting from the use of or reliance upon Information or the product to which Information refers. Nothing contained herein is to be construed as a recommendation to use any product, process, equipment or formulation in conict with any patent, and Solutia Inc. makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, that the use thereof will not infringe any patent.
NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OF ANY OTHER NATURE ARE MADE HEREUNDER WITH RESPECT TO INFORMATION OR THE PRODUCT TO WHICH INFORMATION REFERS.

I N F O R M AT I O N

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12

I N F O R M AT I O N

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12

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Please call our Technical Service Hotline toll-free at 1-800-260-4150 ORDER ASSISTANCE Please call our Customer Service Department toll-free at 1-800-325-4330

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UNITED STATES
St. Louis
P. O. Box 66760 St. Louis, Missouri 63166-6760 Tel: 314-674-1000 Fax: 314-674-7433

Visit our web site: www.skydrol.com

P.O. Box 66760 St. Louis, MO 63166-6760 www.solutia.com

Solutia Inc. 2006 Registered trademark of Solutia Inc.