Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Negotiating the 1995 Mekong Agreement The Framework for IWRM in the MRB
Important Dates & Events in the History of Cooperation in the Lower Mekong River Basin
9/1957: Statute of the Committee For Co-Ordination Of Investigations Of The LMB 1970: Indicative Basin Plan 1/1975: Joint Declaration of Principles for the Utilization of Waters of LMB 1978: Declaration of the IMC 1987: Revised Indicative Basin Plan 12/1992: Kuala Lumpur Joint Communiqu 1993-1994: Negotiations for a New Mekong Agreement 4/1995: Mekong Agreement On The Cooperation For The Sustainable Development Of the Mekong River Basin.
Underlying Expectations
Framework for cooperation Non-interference with reasonable national interests to develop water and related resources Compliance based agreement, no formula for water allocation, not regulatory pursue trade-offs and exchanges Promote constructive and mutually beneficial sustainable development of MRB water and related resources, and protect and manage the environmental and aquatic conditions. Address and resolve issues & problems through their own organization in an amicable, timely and good neighbourly manner.
3. National Meetings of SLA 4. Highest acceptable common denominator in agreeing 5. Process funded by UNDP 6. Oct. 92-Nov. 94
AGREEMENT ON THE COOPERATION FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEKONG RIVER BASIN
Chapter I. Preamble Chapter II. Definition of Terms Chapter III. Objectives & Principles of Cooperation Chapter IV. Institutional Framework Chapter V. Addressing Differences and Disputes Chapter VI. Final Provisions
[42 Articles in the 6 Chapters]
Protocol To the Agreement For the Establishment of the Mekong River Commission
Signed by the Governments of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Viet Nam on April 5, 1995 at Chiang Rai, Thailand
DRAFT 5/95
AGREEMENT ON THE COOPERATION FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEKONG RIVER BASIN
1995
IWRM & MA 95
Concept of IWRM practiced in 30, popularized in 1992 After GWP established in 1996, defined IWRM as: A process that promotes the cocoordinated development and management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.
Mekong Agreement 95
Terms, clauses, provisions supportive and directive of IWRM concept:
Title Chap 1. Preamble cooperate & promote in mutually beneficial manner, for sustainable development of water and related resources, for social and economic development & include environment protection & ecological balance; promote interdependent sub-regional growth for regional benefits derived and detriments avoided. Chap 2. Definition of Agreement Chap 3. Objectives & Principles 1-6 & 9 Chap 4. Institutional Framework the who and how of the process
Resources Management (IWRM) by using the river basin approach including conjunctive use of surface and ground water as a starting point; Promotion of the national policy towards increasing investment levels in achieving the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) and the World Food Summit Goals in relation to effective water management; Encouragement of legal frameworks/guidelines for water allocation supported by good governance
4 5
In Conclusion
1995 Mekong Agreement provides an excellent comprehensive framework, fundamental tools, adaptation flexibility for implementation of IWRM/IRBM Cooperation and Coordination based on mutual respect of territorial integrity and sovereignty, equity, reasonableness, forum for discussion and addressing issues and potentials as well as needs and problems Compliance not regulation based (Only essential regulation e.g., toxic spills, etc.)