How to answer paper 3 question CHEMISTRY

a) Statement of the problem: It always must be a question and ended with question mark. Read the question well and you will find it in the hint in the question. Start your statement of the problem with How does manipulated variable affect responding variable? or Does increasing/decreasing manipulated variable increase/decrease the responding variable?

b) Aim of experiment: It always must be a statement and ended with full stop. Start your aim of experiment with To compare / To investigate / To study

c) All the variables: List out all the variables and separate each variable in the following sequence. Manipulated variable: (axis-x values) Responding variable: (axis-y values) Constant variable:

d) Statement of the hypothesis: It always must be a statement and ended with full stop. The manipulated variable, the higher/lower/increase/decrease responding variable

Important note: Must follow the sequence (always start with manipulated variable and follow by responding variable).

e) List of substances and apparatus: Always separate substance and apparatus even though this is in one section. Must list everything completely to get 3 marks!

Substances: (the same meaning with materials in PEKA experiments)

Important note: Solution: try to give the concentration of the solution (always in the range of 0.1 1.0 mol dm-3) and concentrated solution (>1.0 mol dm-3)

Example: 0.1 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid 0.5 mol dm-3 of nitric acid 1.0 mol dm-3 copper(II) suphate solution 0.5 mol dm-3 NaOH, zinc powder

Apparatus: try to list as complete as possible (everything that can be reused in the experiment)

Example: Stop watch measuring cylinder beaker retort stand conical flask filter funnel trough forceps tongs

f) Procedure of the experiment: This is the hardest part to get full marks (3 marks). You need to write the procedure as complete as possible which means all steps are to be written in detail. Berry Teacher would recommend the sentence should be written in passive form sentence (same in PEKA) and it can be present or past tense (no penalty). And try to uniform it. From the previous SPM Paper 3 record, there is no penalty if you write in active form sentence but not in PEKA report!

g) Tabulation of data: This is the easiest part to get one mark, as long as you draw a table (empty table / box), you will be given at least one mark. Remember to write unit in the manipulated variable column and responding variable column!

BIOLOGY PAPER 3

1) How to state the observation? Usually it involves two criteria. Example 1 State two different observations made from Table 1. (Nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang berbeza yang dibuat daripada Jadual 1). Q1 (b) (i) (3 marks). Idea level response (1 mark):

The time taken is different for each temperature. Temperature influences time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish.

No full marks will be given if students did not meet the 2 criteria of answer and the word different / influence is not specific. Students must try to avoid these words. Accurate response (3 marks): P1: Temperature of water bath P2: Time taken for iodine solution to remain yellowish (Horizontal observation)

At temperature 5C, time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish is 12 minutes. At temperature 37C, time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish is 3 minutes. At temperature 55C, time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish is 15 minutes.

(Vertical observation)

Time taken for iodine solution remain yellowish for temperature 37C is faster than 5C / 28C / 45C / 55C // Vice versa

2) How to state inference in Paper 3 Biology? Similar to observation, inference involves 2 criteria.

Example 2 State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1 (b) (i). (Nyatakan inferens yang sepadan dengan pemerhatian di 1 (b) (i)). Q1 (b) (ii) Idea level response (1 mark):

Temperature influences the enzyme reaction.

Accurate response (3 marks): P1: Rate of enzyme reaction P2: Low / High (Reject: Lowest / Highest) (Horizontal inference)

At temperature 5C, the rate of enzyme (amylase) reaction is low / decreases / longer / lower. At temperature 37C / optimum temperature, the rate of enzyme reaction is high. At temperature 55C, the rate of enzyme reaction is low.

(Vertical inference)

At temperature 37C, the rate of enzyme reaction is higher than the rate of enzyme reaction at 5C / 28C / 45C / 55C // vice versa.

3) How to get full marks in hypothesis for an experiment? Similar to the hypothesis in Chemistry Paper 3, it must always start with manipulated variable and follows by responding variables. Example 3 State the hypothesis for this experiment. (Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.) Q1 (d) Idea level response (1 mark):

The temperatures influence the enzyme reaction.

Accurate response (3 marks):

P1: Manipulated variable (temperature) P2: Responding variable (time taken for iodine solution remain yellowish / rate of enzyme (amylase) reaction / activity) Hypothesis: relationship of P1 and P2 (MV + RV)

The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of enzyme reaction / time taken for iodine solution remain yellowish (until it reaches the optimum temperature) When the temperature increases, the rate of enzyme reaction also increase (until the optimum temperature)

4) How to draw the graph correctly in Paper 3 Biology? SAL or SAP which is S = Shape, A = Axis and L = Label / P = Point. Besides that, student must remember to write the title of the graph. 5) How to explain the relationship in Biology? In Biology Paper 3, it is more specified as compared to Chemistry. Students must provide the manipulated variable first and follow by responding variable and usually for the manipulated variable must have two supporting theories and a brief conclusion. Example 4 Based on the graph in 1 (e) (ii), explain the relationship between rate of enzyme reaction and temperature. (Berdasarkan kepada graf di 1 (e) (ii), terangkan hubungan antara kadar tindakbalas enzim dengan suhu.) Q1 (f) Idea level response (1 mark):

The higher of the temperature, the higher the rate of enzyme reaction. (Hypothesis statement)

Accurate response (3 marks): Students must state the relationship between the rate of enzyme reaction and the temperature base on criteria:

R1 Relationship: the temperature increases, the rate of enzyme reaction also increase. (Theory 1) R2 Explanation 1: at 37C // at optimum temperature the starch hydrolyse (completely by amylase / enzyme) (Theory 2) R3 Explanation 2: at the maximum rate (Brief conclusion)

As temperature increases (MV), the rate of enzyme reaction increases (RV). At optimum temperature the starch was hydrolysed (completely) by amylase at the maximum rate.

6) How to answer the last question (Question number 2)? There are 9 sub sections (total 17 marks) that students need to answer. The mark distribution is as followed: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Problem statement (Penyataan masalah) (3 marks) Objective (Objektif) (1 mark) Variables (Pembolehubah-pembolehubah) (1 mark) Hypothesis (Hipotesis) (3 marks) List of material and apparatus (Senarai bahan dan radas digunakan) (3 marks) Technique used (Teknik yang digunakan) (1 mark) Experimental procedure or method (Kaedah atau prosedur eksperimen) (3 marks) Presentation of data (Cara data dipersembahkan) (1 mark) Conclusion (Kesimpulan) (1 mark)

1) Problem statement (3 marks) Problem statement must be in question form. i.e. Does (MV) affect (RV) of xxx? How does (MV) affect the (RV) of xxx)? What is the effect of (MV) on the (RV)? 2) Objective (1 mark) It is a statement form: i.e. To determine the effect of (MV) on the (RV) of a xxx. To study the effect of (MV) on the (RV) of a xxx To investigate the effect of (MV) on the (RV) of a xxx

3) Variables (1 mark) The entire variables (MV, RV and FV) must be correct to gain one marks from here. 4) Hypothesis (3 marks) The hypothesis must start with manipulated variable and follow by responding variable (MV + RV) 5) List of material and apparatus (3 marks) Students need to separate the list of material with the list of apparatus. i.e. Apparatus: photometer, stopwatch, cutter, beaker, meter rule, basin, marker/ thread Material: Balsam plant, water, Vaseline/grease, dry cloth 6) Technique used (1 mark) Students need to state the technique used in carrying out the experiment correctly. i.e. Measure and record the time taken for the air bubble to move a distance of 2 cm by using a stopwatch. 7) Experimental procedure or method (3 marks) Students are able to mention all the MV, RV and FV in the sentence. 8 ) Presentation of data (1 mark) Students are able to draw a complete table and record the relevant data base on 3 criteria. 9) Conclusion (1 mark) Students are able to write a suitable conclusion for the experiment. i.e. Ther higher/lower (MV), the higher/lower (RV). Hypothesis is accepted/rejected.

TEKNIK MENJAWAB BIOLOGI KERTAS 2 Paper 2: 1)Avoid wrong spelling. Do not use wrong spelling in your explanation. Examples like Golgi apratus which should be apparatus. You will lost your marks if you do this! 2) Avoid mixed up points. Make sure you do not put non-related points in it. Example like the question ask you about the role of P, Q, R and S in the production of extracellular enzyme. Tell first what are P, Q, R and S and relate them. Do not say first about how the enzyme is transported !!! haha 3)Avoid wrong labelling and diagram. This is a popular question that asks you to draw a diagram and label. Even when the question did not ask you to label, labelling shoould be included along. 4) Consistent. If the first diagram already shows 2 sister chromatids, the next diagrams should have 2 sister chromatids! 5) Be specific when using words to decribe a process or anything. Example like the question ask : Name the process occurs when the mustard cell is placed in a hypertonic solution Answer: Pulling away of cell wall/cell shrinking etc (false) Answer: Plasmolysis (correct) Just use simple, correct and specific answer in this question. Do not give explanation. 6) Plan before you write. For example : Q:Explain the mechanism of enzyme reaction DO NOT ANSWER STRAIGHT AWAY!!!!

tHINK FIRST. sKETCH A TABLLE IN the question paper. ( question paper and answer sheets are separated) Make two columns. First column is for question and second column is for explanation. In first column make questions like what is the meachnism of enzyme reaction based on? Second should have simple key point and specific answer - Lock and key hypothesis The question is the question that a person will think when looking for the answer in your explanation. Don't worry I'll show you how next time in a complete table. As what i told you, plan before you write. Now that you have planned , write down the explanation as complete essay in asnwer sheet. Don't worry as you have time to do the table because the table is just a skecth in question paper. Your final question should be in continuous form in answer sheet.

7) How to give reasons? Q: Why mitochondria can be found abundantly in sperm cell? ( 2 MARKS) A:Sperm cell needs energy to swim through the Fallopian tube towards the ovum to fertilise the ovum during fertilisation. Mitochondria provide ATP energy for the movement of sperm cell towards the ovum during fertilisation.

Make sure to give enough explanation points here.

TEKNIK MENJAWAB PAPER3 CHEMISTRY

PAPER 3 : QUESTION 2

This question tests students ability to plan an experiment in a given format.

Students must have all of the following : 1.Problem statement 2.Aim of investigation 3.Hypothesis 4.Variables 5.List of apparatus and materials 6.Technique used 7.Experimental procedure or method 8.Presentation of data

9.Conclusion

1. PROBLEM STATEMENT Must be written in the form of a question remember to end with a question mark.

2. AIM Write down the aim as given in the question.

3. HYPOTHESIS Able to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria: State the manipulated variable State the responding variable Relate the manipulated variable and the responding variable (Remember no neutral relationship terms)

4. VARIABLES Write down all 3 variables (one of each)

5. TECHNIQUE In a complete sentence, write down what is observed or measured (include the instrument used). State the specific name of the technique where applicable. Example : (i) Measure and record the volume of fruit juices needed to change blue DCPIP to colourless, using a syringe.

(ii)Measure and record the initial and final temperature of the water in the boiling tube using a thermometer.

6. MATERIALS AND APPARATUS List down at least 3 materials and 3 apparatus .

7. PROCEDURE / METHOD Write down each step clearly and systematically (include precautionary steps) . Your steps should include the following: K1 Steps where you describe how apparatus and materials are handled. K2 Steps where you describe how the controlled variable is maintained K3 Steps where you describe how the manipulated variable is altered K4 Steps where you describe how the responding variable is measured and the instrument to be used. K5 Precautionary steps which ensure safety / improve accuracy of readings. (Since this is a planning of an experiment to be carried out, procedures should be written as a set of instructions and not in passive speech.

8. PRESENTATION OF DATA Construct the table with the correct titles and units (Table is to be left blank, without results / readings).

9. CONCLUSION

Repeat or modify the hypothesis sentence. It is not required to write the phrase therefore the hypothesis is accepted / rejected" (since you are planning an experiment and have not carried it out.)