American University Of Science and Technology CCE 401 Communication Systems

DSB-SC AM

Prepared By Christopher A. Mansour

Submitted to: Dr Roger Achkar

Spring 2009-2010

I- Objectives:
The objective from this project is to design a double side band suppressed carrier amplitude modulation (DSB-SC AM) using a very important well known tool the Simulink in MATLAB ; this project contains information about AM DSB-SC modulation in many ways and it was simulated using the simulink and presented to my colleagues.

II-Introduction:
Amplitude modulation (AM) is a technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. AM works by varying the strength of the transmitted signal in relation to the information being sent. For example, changes in the signal strength can be used to specify the sounds to be reproduced by a loudspeaker, or the light intensity of television pixels. In amplitude modulation the message signal m(t) is impressed on the amplitude of the carrier signal c(t) = Ac cos (2fct). This results in a sinusoidal signal whose amplitude is function of the message m(t). There exists many different ways in amplitude modulation but my project will handle DSB-SC AM.

III-

DSB-SC AM Modulation:
DSB-SC: stands for Double Side Band Suppressed carrier . This signal is obtained by multiplying the message m(t) with the carrier signal m(t). What happens is that the slowly varying message for example would change to rapidly varying message containing higher frequency components retaining at the same time the main characteristics of the original message signal therefore it can be used to retrieve the message signal at the receiver end. DEMONSTRATION:

FIGURE REPRESENTING THE MESSAGE SIGNAL

FIGURE REPRESENTING THE CARRIER SIGNAL

FIGURE REPRESENTING THE AM MODULATOR

FIGURE REPRESENTING THE SIGNAL AFTER MODULATION

This modulated signal is double side banded since it contains frequency contents in the frequency band less than fc and in that greater than fc. Furthermore the bandwidth of the modulated signal is twice that of the original signal. The other characteristic of the modulated signal is that it does not contain a carrier component that is all the transmitted power is in the message signal. This is the main reason for calling this modulation as suppressed carrier.

IV- DSB-SC AM Demodulation:

The demodulation of the DSB-SC amplitude modulated signal is achieved with 2 main steps:
1-

Multiplying the received signal by locally generated signal

2- Pass the resulted signal through a low pass filter with the same bandwidth of m(t).

DEMONSTRATION: FIGURE REPRESENTING THE RECOVERED SIGNAL COMPARED TO THE MESSAGE ONE. Note that here we considered synchronous demodulator. to be zero since we would use in real time a

kind of synchronization known as phase-coherent or what is known as

V-Special cases: 1- Case:1

Sometimes the maximum amplitude of the locally generated signal used to modulate the received signal is different than 1 and in this case we cannot recover the message signal without the usage of a certain gain therefore the following example illustrates:

Suppose the signal has the following equation:

Therefore the amplitude is different than one so if we dont use gain the recovered signal would look as follows:

So if we apply the gain then we would retrieve the same message:

The modulation and demodulation circuit would look as follows:

2- Case 2:
In real life the communication channel across which the message signal traverses is full of noise especially man made noise so as engineers we have to examine these noise and their effect on our transmission and on our message signal. The following figure illustrates the addition of noise to our channel and their effect on our message signal:

The message signal that would be obtained is destroyed because of noise, the following figure illustrates:

Therefore we as engineers must do the best to avoid this noise and to reconstruct the original message signal with no errors.

3- Case3:
When is different from zero the amplitude of the desired signal is

reduced by The proceeding discussion demonstrates the need for a phase-coherent for recovering the message signal m(t) from the received signal.

A sinusoid that is phase locked to the phase of the received carrier can be generated at the receiver in one of two ways. One method is to add a carrier component into the transmitted signal. Thus the signal is DSB but not suppressed carrier. At the receiver a narrow band filter tuned to fc filters out the pilot tone signal component and its output is used to multiply the signal. We would obtain a DC component that should be subtracted out in order to recover the signal m(t). What proceeded is known as the Pilot Tone.

VI- Conclusion:
Even if DSB-SC AM modulation is not used nowadays but one cant neglect its importance and its usage in the past and how human could have ever thought about finding a way in order to communicate with others in from far distances using the AM modulation. One can benefit a lot from this project because in this project one can learn about AM modulation especially DSB-SC and how everybody can create a design for this modulation. One can learn how do noise affects this kind of transmission and how to reconstruct or recover the message signal being transmitted. One can learn from this project how to use a very important tool in engineering domain which is the MATLAB and the Simulink.