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Asiacell is the first and only telecom operator to extend
its coverage to all 18 governorates of Iraq.
ATCONZ (est. 2000) was formed in Auckland,
New Zealand as the consulting trading company
to provide commercial services to the market of
Iraq, and soon the Iraq New Zealand Trade
Center was formed. As the country went
through change in 2004, BITCO (Baghdad
International Trading Co. Ltd.) was formed and
has since delivered more than 100 contracts for
US and Iraqi governments.
In 2006 ATCONZ opened a branch in Erbil City,
the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan, for Investment
and Real Estate Development. Also, a new
ATCONZ headquarters opened in Dubai, UAE.
Today, the New Azadi residential project,
north of Erbil City, is underway with more than
1,600 houses, and setting new standards in the
Kurdistan Region.
ATCONZ Group strives to be The Professional
Solution Provider of Choice.
S
Ed|lor 6ureth Stunsheld
Ed|lor. u..|.lunl Luuru Newberry
Ed|lor-|n-c||e Colette 0oyle
C||e .u|-ed|lor 8urry 0uvies
Su|-ed|lor Clure Cronin
lrl ed|lor. !eun-Philippe Stunwuy, !umes White
0e.|ner Kylie Alder
Producl|on und d|.lr||ul|on munuer Kuren Tromun
Su|e. d|reclor Murtin Cousens
Su|e. eecul|ve. Thubo Mkwununzi, Cutuldo Turuntini
\|ce-pre.|denl |u.|ne.. deve|opmenl, Norl| lmer|cu Muysoon Kuibni
lunu|n d|reclor Andrew Howurd
Pu|||.|er und c||e eecul|ve Alun Spence
P|clure.. l|um,, Cor||., Lell,, Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl, l||rur, o Conre..,
Pre.. l..oc|ul|on, P|olo|||rur,, Reuler.
lSBN. 91B-I-90b940-9-
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Pu|||.|ed |, New.de.| Commun|cul|on. lld
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Te|. +I Z0Z 904 Z4Z lu. +I Z0Z 904 Z4Z4
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New.de.| led|u Lroup pu|||.|e. u w|de rune o |u.|ne.. und cu.lomer
pu|||cul|on.. lor url|er |normul|on p|eu.e conlucl lndrew Howurd,
munu|n d|reclor or lu,.oon Ku||n|, v|ce-pre.|denl |u.|ne.. deve|opmenl.
Z0II. T|e enl|re conlenl. o l||. pu|||cul|on ure prolecled |, cop,r||l. l|| r||l. re.erved. No purl o l||. pu|||cul|on mu, |e reproduced, .lored |n u relr|evu| .,.lem, or lrun.m|lled
|n un, orm or |, un, meun.. e|eclron|c, mec|un|cu|, p|olocop,|n, record|n or ol|erw|.e, w|l|oul l|e pr|or perm|..|on o l|e pu|||.|er. T|e v|ew. und op|n|on. epre..ed |,
|ndependenl uul|or. und conlr||ulor. |n l||. pu|||cul|on ure prov|ded |n l|e wr|ler. per.onu| cupuc|l|e. und ure l|e|r .o|e re.pon.|||||l,. T|e|r pu|||cul|on doe. nol |mp|, l|ul l|e,
repre.enl l|e v|ew. or op|n|on. o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl or New.de.| led|u lnc und mu.l ne|l|er |e reurded u. con.l|lul|n udv|ce on un, muller w|ul.oever, nor |e
|nlerpreled u. .uc|. T|e reproducl|on o udverl|.emenl. |n l||. pu|||cul|on doe. nol |n un, wu, |mp|, endor.emenl |, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl or New.de.| led|u lnc o
producl. or .erv|ce. reerred lo l|ere|n.
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KUR0lSTlN. lN\EST lN 0ElDCRlC` Z0II
Welcome to the American Village, the one and only exclusive residential
development in Kurdistan. Rened design, unrivalled quality in the safe and
beautiful surroundings of Tarin Hills, only 15km from Erbil.
Our residents are already enjoying the best facilities in town. Everything and all the
services you need are here in this fully independent and self-sufcient community.
Come now, choose your dream villa and customize it with our architects team,
and we will deliver it within six months.
KUR0lSTlN. lN\EST lN 0ElDCRlC` Z0II 1
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lu.rour Bur.un|, Heud o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
Secur|l, Prolecl|on lenc,
Conlenl.
The success of DNO in Kurdistan is mainly due to the
cooperation between the regional authorities and DNO,
represented through the management committee.
As an international oil company with decades of experience,
DNO has been dedicated to ensuring constant progress towards
the early export of crude oil from Kurdistan for the beneft of
the Iraqi people and all stakeholders.
The outstanding contribution of KRG towards exercising the
highest security measures has been key to DNOs success in
mobilising international oil-related service providers to work in
Kurdistan. The Security Commander of Dohuk Governorate, Mr.
Said Shengaly, has ensured a secure work environment for all,
right from the day of DNOs inception in the region.
The contribution of the government-trained personnel has been
critical for the DNOs success. They have not only assisted in
production operations, but also trained other local personnel to
enhance work performance; creating jobs for the local population
and benefting the regions economy.
The caTalysTs of our success
creaTing a beTTer Tomorrow
Dno international asa
Stranden 1, Aker Brygge, N-0250 Oslo
P.O. Box 1345 Vika, 0113 Oslo
Norway
Phone: (+47) 23 23 84 80
Fax: (+47) 23 23 84 81
dno@dno.no
Dno iraq as
Offce 3902, 39th Floor
Shatha Tower, P.O. Box 502503
Dubai Media City
Dubai - UAE
Phone: +971-4-3642620
Fax: +971-4-3688447
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PricewaterhouseCoopers has refreshed its branding in order to
strengthen, and modernise how it represents its worldwide network to its
clients, its people and the communities in which it operates.
The emphasis on a new brand refects PwCs desire for a more unifed
representation across its global network. PwCs decision to make this
change now is testament to the companys growing success over the last
decade, and highlights PwCs move to establish a concise consistent brand
position, making it easier for people to appreciate who we are, what we
do, and how we operate across markets.
PricewaterhouseCoopers remains the full name of the global organisation
for legal purposes, and will be the name used by PwC frms to sign
company audits.
Creation of the new brand positioning was the work of PwCs Global Brand
Team and its Network Leadership Team with assistance from the global
brand consultancy Wolf Olins. PwCs global website, pwc.com, has been
redesigned to refect the changes.
About PwC
PwC frms provide industry-focused assurance, tax and advisory
services to enhance value for their clients. More than 163,000 people
in 151 countries in frms across the PwC network share their thinking,
experience and solutions to develop fresh perspectives and practical
advice.
PwC is the brand under which member frms of PricewaterhouseCoopers
International Limited (PwCIL) operate and provide services. Together,
Unied
representation
these frms form the PwC network. Each frm in the network is a separate
legal entity and does not act as agent of PwCIL or any other member frm.
PwCIL does not provide any services to clients. PwCIL is not responsible or
liable for the acts or omissions of any of its member frms nor can it control
the exercise of their professional judgment or bind them in any way.
PwC in Central and Eastern Europe
PwC Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has achieved much since its creation
more than ten years ago. As a frm, we have been active in some territories
of CEE for nearly 20 years our Hungarian ofce opened in 1989, we were
in Russia in 1990, and Poland and Czechoslovakia (as it was then) in 1991.
By the mid-1990s, we had ofces in most of the major territories of CEE as
we now know it.
PwC across the world
Today, more than 7,000 people in practices across 29 countries and
48 ofces work together in assurance, advisory, and tax and legal services.
They are committed to delivering lasting solutions to client issues,
providing insights into their business and helping them to capitalise on
opportunities. We are the only Big Four frm to have a fully integrated
network spanning CEE and CIS countries. This helps us to provide a
seamless service for our clients and means greater international exposure
and mobility for our people.
PwC in Azerbaijan
PwC Azerbaijan currently has more than 120 staf serving an extensive
list of national and international clients. Besides, PricewaterhouseCoopers
enjoys an unrivalled presence in the region, with ofces in Almaty and
Astana (Kazakhstan), Tbilisi (Georgia), Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan), Tashkent
(Uzbekistan), Ashgabat (Turkmenistan) and Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia).
The client base has grown along with PwC and covers all sectors of the
economy, including energy, fnancial services, consumer and industrial
products, telecommunications and services.
For further information about our services:
The Landmark Ofce Plaza III
12th Floor
90A Nizami Street
Baku AZ1010
Azerbaijan
Tel: +994 (12) 497 2515
Fax: +994 (12) 497 7411
www.pwc.com/az/en
IZ lDRE\DR0
\e|come lo l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on
o lruq
President Musoud 8urzuni extends u wurm welcome
to foreigners keen to invest in und leurn ubout this
fuscinuting und fust-developing Region
ll |. m, p|eu.ure lo |nlroduce l||. pu|||cul|on und l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on o lruq, u |und o opporlun|l, und rowl|. To r|end. und
newcomer., we|come.
Todu,, our peop|e en|o, unprecedenled .ecur|l, und
pro.per|l,. S|nce Z00, we |uve creuled u democrul|c und
econom|cu||, v||runl Re|on, und lu|e our ro|e u. u |eucon o
|ope or lruq .er|ou.|, |, prov|d|n u mode| o econom|c ucl|v|l,,
el|n|c und re|||ou. lo|erunce, .ecur|l,, und prore... \e |uve
u|.o |een umon l|e mo.l ucl|ve und prom|nenl proponenl. or
l|e deve|opmenl o u .lu||e, |nc|u.|ve lruq| .lule.
Here l w||| u|de ,ou l|rou| recenl deve|opmenl. |n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on und ep|u|n our v|.|on or l|e ulure.
DL, 6AS, AN0 ECDNDMC 0VERSTY T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
conlu|n. .u|.lunl|u|, |ure|, unlupped re.erve. o o|| und nuluru|
u., w||c| |uve l|e polenl|u| lo mu|e l|e Re|on un |mporlunl
ener, .ource or l|e |nlernul|onu| mur|el.
T|e lruq| Con.l|lul|on c|eur|, ep|u|n. l|ul o|| und u.
re.ource. |e|on lo u|| o l|e lruq| peop|e, und l|u. runl. l|e
r||l lo deve|op und munue o|| e|d. lo u|| re.pecl|ve re|on..
\|||e l|e ederu| overnmenl |u. |een unu||e lo |ncreu.e
producl|on or lo re|u||||lule o|| e|d., we |uve .ucce..u||,
deve|oped our own e|d., enerul|n e|eclr|c|l, und ener,
revenue. l|ul w||| |enel u|| o l|e lruq| peop|e. l um opl|m|.l|c
l|ul l|e overnmenl w||| mu|e l|e pu..|n o u ederu| |uw on
|,drocur|on. u lop pr|or|l,.
Pre.|denl lu.oud Bur.un|
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl (KRL) |u. ucl|ve|,
uc|||luled econom|c d|ver.|cul|on. \e |uve creuled un
ullrucl|ve |nve.lmenl |uw, w||c| p|uce. l|e pr|vule .eclor ul l|e
cenler o our econom,. \e ucl|ve|, promole ore|n d|recl
|nve.lmenl und pr|vule enlerpr|.e |n mo.l e|d., und |uve
p|oneered |mprovemenl. |n e..enl|u| .erv|ce. .uc| u. e|eclr|c|l,,
roud., c|eun wuler, und |nru.lruclure. T|e re.u|l. .peu| or
l|em.e|ve.-we now |uve uppro|mule|, I0 l|me. more
e|eclr|c|l, per |our l|un l|e re.l o lruq, und we u|.o |uve |u.l||n
c|l|e. und row|n |ndu.lr|e..
Sl|||, muc| o l|e Re|on. polenl|u| |. unlupped. l. un
emer|n mur|el, we po..e.. ver, ullrucl|ve u.pecl.. unlupped
nuluru| re.ource., |ncreu.|n demund und purc|u.|n power,
opporlun|l, or round-|eve| |nve.lmenl, u rup|d|, row|n econom,,
und overnmenl .upporl or pr|vule-.eclor ucl|v|l, und |nnovul|ve
|u.|ne.. .o|ul|on.. lnve.lor. .|ou|d ep|ore l|e opporlun|l|e. we
oer |n ur|cu|lure, |||l |ndu.lr, und munuuclur|n, lec|no|o,,
commun|cul|on., con.lrucl|on, |eu|l|cure, educul|on, deve|opmenl
o nuluru| re.ource., lour|.m, relu||, und eneru| lrude.
\e olen de.cr||e l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on u. l|e ulewu, lo
l|e re.l o lruq-u p|uce lo connecl lo l|e econom|c polenl|u|
|n l|e re.l o l|e counlr,. Bul l |e||eve |l |. |eller or |nve.lor. lo
con.|der our Re|on u. u |u.e |n lruq-u p|uce w|ere .u|.lunl|ve
|nve.lmenl und pro|ecl. cun |e underlu|en. \e |oo| orwurd lo
l|e du, w|en l|e re.l o lruq en|o,. our |eve| o .ecur|l, und
.lu||||l,, enu|||n rm. w|l| un e.lu|||.|ed pre.ence |n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on lo epund l|rou|oul l|e lruq| mur|el.
SDCAL 6RDWTH AN0 REFDRM T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. u
ro|u.l econom, w|l| u lremendou. rowl| rule. T||. |u. re.u|led
lDRE\DR0 I
o purlner.||p. S|m||ur|,, our re|ul|on. w|l| lru| .lule. |uve
u|.o rown .leud||,.
\e now |uve Z0 d|p|omul|c repre.enlul|on. |n l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on, |nc|ud|n l|ree lru| .lule., und |uve deve|oped ood
re|ul|on. w|l| Europe, l|e US, und l.|un .lule.. T|e.e re|ul|on.||p.
.lem rom l|e openne.. o l|e Kurd|.| peop|e. \e enerel|cu||,
pur.ue l|e enr|c|menl o new |deu. und lec|no|o,, ure ec|led lo
|eurn u|oul ol|er cu|lure., und ure |een lo .|ure our ||.lor, und
lrud|l|on. w|l| ol|er..
ALL ARE WELCDME To u|| |nve.lor., r|end., newcomer.,
lour|.l., und d|p|omul., l .u, we|come. \e|come lo u .lu||e und
.ecure |ocul|on w|l| uvoru||e |e|.|ul|on und u|undunl
opporlun|l,. `ou w||| nd u popu|ul|on l|ul |u. emered rom u
d|cu|l ||.lor, und |. reud, lo |eurn, row, und purlner w|l| l|e
|nlernul|onu| commun|l,, ore|n rm., und |nve.lor.. \e|come
lo l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq. Dur door. ure open.
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|n l|e |mprovemenl o our c|l|e., .lreel. und |u||d|n.. \e
|uve u|.o em|ur|ed on u num|er o |n|l|ul|ve. lo |mprove our
.oc|el, und overnmenl, .uc| u. promol|n ood overnunce
und unl|-corrupl|on reorm., women|. r||l., prolecl|on o
m|nor|l|e., |eller educul|on, |mproved |eu|l|cure, l|e
deve|opmenl o c|v|| .oc|el, orun|.ul|on., und reedom o l|e
pre... \e |uve wor|ed c|o.e|, w|l| l|e pr|vule .eclor lo prov|de
lru|n|n und |u||d cupuc|l, or our ,oul|. l |e||eve one o l|e
pr|mur, purpo.e. o overnmenl |. lo en.ure l|e .oc|u| u|r|c
o our commun|l|e. row. u|on.|de l|e econom,.
FREN0S AN0 NE6H8DRS T|e corner.lone o our ore|n
re|ul|on. |. commerc|u| ec|une. ln purl|cu|ur, we currenl|,
lrude uppro|mule|, SS |||||on-Sb |||||on w|l| Tur|e, unnuu||,.
T|e Tur||.| Con.u|ule Leneru| |n Er|||, u|on w|l| |mporlunl
v|.|l. rom Tur|e,. lore|n l|n|.ler und .en|or oc|u|. lo
Er|||, und m, v|.|l lo ln|uru, |. u le.lumenl lo our enu|ne .en.e
Founded in Erbil, Ster Group has emerged as
one of Iraqs fastest growing conglomerates.
Ster Group is the leading company in Kurdistan
in the feld of building construction, security,
telecommunication, industrial production,
insurance and travel.
Ster Tower - Gulan Street, Erbil - Kurdistan (Iraq) www.stergroup.com - info@stergroup.com
The trusted partner in Kurdistan
for domestic and international
businesses.
Turkish Airlines Fly with us to all your dream destinations
Fly with Turkish Airlines from Erbil to Turkey and beyond. www.thy.com
OUR PARTNERS
Elide Fireball The revolutionary fre extinguishing technology
Ster Group is the exclusive distributor for Iraq and 15 other countries in the
Middle East, Russia and Europe. www.sterfreball.com - info@sterfreball.com
Ofce: Ster Tower - Gulan Street, Erbil +964 66 224 6235, +964 66 224 6236
WHA Financial Services
Services ranging from tax to audit, accounting, HR, insurance and more.
www.whafnancialservices.com
Ster Company
Provides a wide-range of all-inclusive services and support
to industrial, commercial and government clients.
Ster Insurance
Was founded in 2004 and is the largest private insurance
company in Iraq and Kurdistan.
Kani Water
Pure natural mineral water. Produced in Bekhal in Kurdistan.
www.kani-water.com
Employment opportunities available at Stergroup
E-mail us at careers@stergroup.com or visit www.karoxjobs.com
TarinNet started in 2005 as a WISP (Wireless Internet Service Provider) in Erbil. Today it covers
25 cities and towns in Kurdistan with many additional services. TarinNet is now the biggest ISP
and WISP company in our region with the best network coverage.
TarinNet
Is part of the Ster Group and provides internet services in
Kurdistan.
Ster Security
Is a leading provider of security services. Together with Vanguard
we provide both local and foreign clients with the best solutions.
Control Dept. :
Sales Dept. Erbil :
Sales Dept. Duhok :
Website : www.tarinnet.net
E-mail : info@tarinnet.info
OUR GROUP
Next to VSAT, WiFi, VoIP and Intranet services we now also provide
High-Speed Fiber Internet Connections in Duhok and Erbil.
Our clients include the consumer market, the business market,
universities and industrial clients. We also serve all the government
agencies belonging to the KRG.
With more than a 150 companies, the government, universities
and 20,000 home users, we are the biggest player in the market.
TARINNET :: OUR GROUP
+964 (0) 66 256 4562
+964 (0) 750 418 3060
+964 (0) 750 414 5303
noc@tarinnet.info
sales@tarinnet.info
Group of companies are leaders in:
Water and Sewage system(EPC, Water networks, Water treatment, Telemetric, Pipe connection)
SCADA system Oil utility projects Irrigation Construction (Tunnels, Bridges, General buildings
and road construction) Damconstruction and DamProject Management Power generation
Priman St, Soresh Q.Erbil, Iraq
www.hardam-co.com

projects@hardam-co.com

www.ev-yol.com

www.omrab.ca
Mobile: 00964 750 1331 567 / 00964 770 6500 402 L/L: 00964 66 259 3433
lDRE\DR0 I1
Kurd|.lun.
.ecure, pro.perou.,
deve|op|n
0r 8urhum Sulih, Prime Minister of the KR6
l. l|e Pr|me l|n|.ler o l|e KRL, |l |. m, reul p|eu.ure lo
we|come l||. pu|||cul|on, w||c| |. uddre..ed lo l|o.e |nlere.led |n
|now|n more u|oul our remur|u||e re|on. Kurd|.lun |.
remur|u||e or mun, reu.on.-nol |eu.l l|ul Kurd|.lun und |l.
peop|e. |uve |een lrun.ormed over l|e |u.l lwo decude..
T|un|u||,, Kurd|.lun |. u lolu||, d|erenl p|uce lo w|ul |. wu. |n
I99I. l ,ou |ud v|.|led u. l|en-nol l|ul |l wu. ver, eu., lo do .o
w|l| l|e lruq| d|clulor.||p ||oc|ud|n u.-l|e .cene ,ou wou|d
|uve |een mel w|l| wou|d |uve |een one o devu.lul|on cuu.ed
|, ,eur. o con|cl und oppre..|on, und l|e mun|e.lul|on. o
u|u.e |, u cenlru| overnmenl l|ul wu. ul |l. |e.l |nd|erenl, und
ul |l. wor.l v|o|enl|, |o.l||e, lo l|e we|ure o l|e Kurd.. l .u, l||.
nol lo u|n ,our .,mpul|,, |ul |ecuu.e |l |. |mporlunl-v|lu||,
|mporlunl-l|ul we remem|er rom w|ere we .lurled |n order lo
under.lund c|eur|, w|ere we ure o|n.
T|e lru|eclor, o Kurd|.lun. deve|opmenl .|nce l|o.e dur|
du,. |n l|e eur|, I990. |u. |een |mpre..|ve|, .leep. le..on.,
.ome ver, pu|nu|, |uve |een |eurnl on l|e wu,. Bul l|e de.|re o
l|e peop|e o l|e Re|on lo |mprove l|e|r ||ve., und u|l|mule|,
lo ||ve |n u .ecure und pro.perou. env|ronmenl, r|c| w|l|
opporlun|l|e. lo |eller l|em.e|ve., |u. .|one l|rou| udver.|l,.
T||. de.|re |u. |een .upporled |, our r|end. |n l|e |nlernul|onu|
commun|l,-w|l| elen.|ve |umun|lur|un u..|.lunce prov|ded |n
l|e pu.l-und now we |oo| lo l|e ulure u. un emer|n,
deve|op|n Re|on. Re.p|endenl w|l| |ol| |umun und nuluru|
re.ource. und p|uced .lrule|cu||, ul l|e meel|n po|nl o mu|or
re|onu| und |nlernul|onu| mur|el., |nlernul|onu| |nve.lor. ure
Pr|me l|n|.ler 0r Bur|um Su|||
|een lo purlner w|l| l|e KRL und l|e re|on. pr|vule .eclor |n
url|er|n Kurd|.lun. udvuncemenl.
`ou cou|d |e or|ven or |e||ev|n l|ul, |n mun, wu,.,
Kurd|.lun |. loo ood lo |e lrue u. un |nve.lmenl opporlun|l,.
\|rluu||, ever, .eclor o ucl|v|l, |. open or |nve.lmenl. our
|nve.lmenl |uw. ure enerou. lo l|e ore|n |nve.lor, l|ere |. |n
p|uce u |ure dome.l|c mur|el w|l| un |ncreu.|n umounl o
d|.po.u||e |ncome lo |und, l|ere |. un even |urer mur|el ucro..
l|e re.l o lruq, w||c| |. ucce..|||e lo l|o.e wor||n rom
Kurd|.lun, l|ere |. v|.|on und dr|ve rom l|o.e e|ecled lo overn,
und un euerne.. lo em|ruce l|e pr|vule .eclor und ||m|l l|e ro|e
p|u,ed |, l|e pu|||c .eclor ucro.. l|e re|on, our |euder. ure
un|ed |n l|e|r lurel|n o |nec|enc, und corrupl|on-pro||em.
l|ul |uunl mun, .lule. |n l|e w|der re|on-und we |uve u|reud,
mude .|n|cunl |eudwu, |n c|un|n wor||n prucl|ce., und we,
u. u overnmenl und u. u peop|e, |uve em|ruced democrul|c
pr|nc|p|e., |n overnmenl, |n .oc|el,, und |n l|e wor|p|uce.
your peopl e shoul d do
w hat t heyr e best at
our peopl e c an
do t he r est
management | l i f e suppor t | mai nt enanc e | cl eani ng
+964 (0) 750 4487503
spec t r ummi deast .c om
lDRE\DR0 I9
D cour.e, l|ere |. u con.|deru||e wu, lo o, und l|ere w|||
|e .el|uc|. u|on l|e wu,. Bul we ure c|eur|, o|n |n l|e r||l
d|recl|on ul u ver, qu|c| puce.
l w||| |euve ,ou lo el u |eller .en.e o l|e udvunce. l|ul
|uve |een mude |n our v||runl, ec|l|n Re|on |, reud|n l|e
conlr||ul|on. mude |, l|e d|.l|nu|.|ed conlr||ulor. lo l||.
pu|||cul|on und lo mu|e ,our own |udemenl. u. lo w|ul we
|uve uc||eved, und w|ere we ure o|n. l wou|d u.| l|ul ,ou do
remem|er l|e o||ow|n u. ,ou con.|der w|ul ,ou reud, purl|cu|ur|,
u. .ome o ,ou w||| remu|n under.lundu||, concerned u|oul
|nve.l|n |n un, purl|cu|ur re|on o lruq. we |uve lurned our
weu|ne..e. |nlo .lrenl|..
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Zc\Xicp^f`e^`ek_\i`^_k
[`i\Zk`feXkXhl`ZbgXZ\
lruq u. u w|o|e |u. lurned u corner, po||l|cu||, .peu||n,
Kurd|.lun. re.ource. ure now u.ed |n Kurd|.lun. |nlere.l. und nol
uu|n.l |er peop|e u. l|e, were under Suddum. Dur .u||uul|on
under d|clulor.||p |u. |een lrun.ormed |nlo delerm|nul|on lo
.ucceed |n u democruc,. Dur eopo||l|cu| |ocul|on-olen .een u.
|und|oc|ed und, l|ereore, weu|-|. cenlru| und p|volu|, und |deu||,
p|uced w|l| reurd lo emer|n mur|el. |n l|e re|on und l|e
udvunced econom|e. o Europe und l|e Eu.l u|||e, we |now our
weu|ne..e. u. we|| u. our .lrenl|., und ||de ne|l|er |n l|e |ope
o conl|nu|n u|on our |mpre..|ve lru|eclor, o deve|opmenl.
\|l| l|o.e l|ou|l. |n m|nd, l |ope ,ou ee| u||e lo con.|der
wor||n w|l| u. |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, or l|e |enel o u. u||.
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Integrated solutions from Petrofac
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to develop upstream and infrastructure projects where it can apply its service capability.
To learn more, visit www.petrofac.com or call +44 207 811 4748
lDRE\DR0 ZI
T|e du.| or
modern|l,
Rt Hon Willium Hugue MP, UK Secretury of Stute for
Foreign und Commonweulth Affuirs
l um de|||led lo conlr||ule lo l||. ed|l|on o Kurd|.lun. lnve.l |n
0emocruc,, und lo .el oul .ome l|ou|l. on l|e ulure o l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq.
T|e Re|on |. o|n l|rou| u per|od o d,num|c c|une-
muc| o |l or l|e ood. ller u |on per|od o |.o|ul|on, .uer|n
und uncerlu|nl,, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. now c|urucler|.ed |,
enuemenl w|l| l|e oul.|de wor|d, row|n pro.per|l, und
|ncreu.|n condence |n l|e ulure. ll |. qu|le u lurnuround, und
mu|e. l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on one o l|e mu|or .ucce.. .lor|e. o lruq.
Buo,ed |, u .lron und .lu||e .ecur|l, und po||l|cu|
env|ronmenl, l|e Re|on |. o|n l|rou| u 'du.| or modern|l,.
Kurd|.lun |. proud o |l. lrud|l|on., |l. .en.e o um||, und o
|o,u|l, lo l|e commun|l,, und |l. .en.e o |denl|l, l|ul |u. |een
lou|ened l|rou| re.|.lunce lo per.ecul|on. Bul l|e Re|on |.
no |oner |nwurd-|oo||n. T||. |. u l|me o renewu| und ener,.
l v|.|lor lo Er|||, purl|cu|ur|,, wou|d |e .lruc| |, l|e
currenl con.umer und con.lrucl|on |oom. lure und .mu||
.|opp|n mu||. ure .pr|n|n up downlown, u. ure pro.perou.
uled 'v|||ue., |ole|. und umu.emenl pur|.. luc| o l||.
prore.. |. encup.u|uled |n Er|||. |eum|n, .murl und .ecure
new |nlernul|onu| u|rporl (p|clured r||l)-w||c| l um de|||led
Br|l|.| eperl|.e |ud u |und |n de||ver|n.
L|ven l|e ood .ecur|l, .|luul|on und l|e ener, o |l.
peop|e, Kurd|.lun nd. |l.e| |n u po.|l|on lo roud-le.l p|un. und
pro|ecl. on |e|u| o l|e re.l o lruq. Cenlru| lo l||. und l|e
Re|on. .ucce.. |. l|e po||c, o enuemenl. T|e Re|on. re|ul|on.
w|l| Tur|e, |uve one l|rou| u .eu c|une over l|e pu.l ew
,eur.. T|ul |. u le.lumenl lo |ol| .|de. comm|lmenl lo |oo| lo
l|e ulure, nol l|e pu.l. Pr|me l|n|.ler lu||||. evenluu| ormul|on
o u new overnmenl o||owed |u.l ,eur. e|ecl|on. u |reu|l|rou|
l|ul l|e Kurd|.| ||oc, und Pre.|denl Bur.un| per.onu||,, p|u,ed u
.|n|cunl ro|e |n |r|n|n u|oul.
Rl Hon \||||um Huue lP
Succe..u| und enerel|c enuemenl w|l| Bu|dud |. v|lu|
lo l|e Re|on. ulure. u |e..on l|ul |. nol |o.l on l|e re|on.
po||l|cu| |euder.||p. T|ere |. .l||| muc| lo do lo el Bu|dud-Er|||
re|ul|on. lo w|ere l|e, .|ou|d |e. T|e lop pr|or|l, |. pu..|n
|e|.|ul|on on revenue-.|ur|n und |,drocur|on., w||c| w|||
enu||e l|e deve|opmenl o lruq. o|| und u. weu|l| |n one po||l|cu|
und econom|c .p|ere.
\|ul ro|e cun l|e UK p|u, |n l|e econom|c deve|opmenl o
l|e Re|on` T|e UK |. u wor|d |euder |n nunc|u| .erv|ce. und
|nve.lmenl udv|ce, und u .pr|n|ourd or rowl| or compun|e.
rom uround l|e wor|d. Dur |,drocur|on. compun|e. |eud l|e
wor|d |n |now-|ow und re.pon.|||e, .u.lu|nu||e deve|opmenl.
Dur con.u|lunl. und en|neer. |uve u |o|u| repulul|on or
de||ver|n wor|d-c|u.. pro|ecl., u. we|| u. |u.|c |nru.lruclure
need., |nc|ud|n .c|oo|., |o.p|lu|. und |eu|l| cenler.. Dur SlE
.eclor |. v||runl, |nnovul|ve und |nlernul|onu||, .uvv,.
T|e .|.e o l|e UK pre.ence ul l|e Er||| Trude lu|r |n
Dclo|er Z0I0, |ed |, UK Trude und lnve.lmenl CED S|r lndrew
Cu|n, wu. ev|dence o l|e rune o l|e UK oer, und o l|e
.lron |nlere.l pre.enl |n l|e UK |n or|n .lroner lrude und
|nve.lmenl ||n|. w|l| Kurd|.lun. UK compun|e. |uve u|reud, |ud
.ome .ucce.. |n l||. re.pecl. \e ure |oo||n lo |u||d on l|ul,
und m, oc|u|. |n Er||| .lund reud, lo |e|p.
ZZ lDRE\DR0
Ec|l|n polenl|u|
Sheikhu Lubnu Al-Qusimi, UAE Minister of Foreign
Trude, highlights the reusons behind her federutions
enthusiusm to emburk on further investment in the
Kurdistun Region
Dur recenl v|.|l lo Er||| u.|er. |n u new eru |n lruq|-UlE lrude und
econom|c cooperul|on, w|l| enu|ne euerne.. rom |ol| .|de.
lo pur.ue more .lrule|c |nve.lmenl. und mu|m|.e muluu|
opporlun|l|e., e.pec|u||, |n non-o|| |u.|ne..e..
Eur||er l||. ,eur, we .|ured p|un. or en|unced lrude,
econom|c, |nve.lmenl, und commerc|u| cooperul|on dur|n
Pr|me l|n|.ler Bur|um Su|||. lr|p lo our counlr,. Dur v|.|l lo
Kurd|.lun o||ow. up on our .|ured v|.|on. und |. cruc|u| lo
.u.lu|n|n l|e momenlum o our ||||, producl|ve purlner.||p
w|l| lruq overu||. lu.l ,eur, our |||uleru| non-o|| commerc|u|
ec|une w|l| lruq lopped SS |||||on, lo .urpu.. l|e Z00B ure
|, u |ue b percenl. lruq |. currenl|, our .econd |ure.l lru|
econom|c purlner und |. run|ed num|er II ul u |o|u| |eve|.
\e were ver, p|eu.ed lo |eurn u|oul l|e prore.. |e|n
mude |n l|e UlE-.upporled |nve.lmenl |ocul|on. we v|.|led,
und l|e |ue polenl|u| repre.enled |, l|e |ocu| |ndu.lr|u| und
lour|.m .|le. ul w||c| we were we|comed. T|e 4B |||-run||n
oc|u|. und munuer. o Em|rul| compun|e. rom vur|ou. .eclor.
w|o uccompun|ed me ure ver, ec|led u|oul l|e rune o
|nve.lmenl und |u.|ne.. po..|||||l|e. l|e, o|.erved |n Kurd|.lun.
UlE compun|e. ure u|reud, .el lo w|n mu|or conlrucl. lo
deve|op lruq| |ou.|n, |nru.lruclure und lour|.m pro|ecl., .u|d
|, l|e lruq| Nul|onu| lnve.lmenl Comm|..|on lo |e worl|
S10 |||||on. Some o l|em w||| |e nu||.ed .oon, und u num|er
o l|em w||| |e underlu|en |n Kurd|.lun. T|e.e repre.enl more
|o|. und |ocu| |ncome or l|e Re|on, und or lruq |n eneru|,
und w||| prov|de UlE compun|e. w|l| .lrule|c ucce.. lo
Kurd|.lun. rup|d|, row|n mur|el.
T|e .cope o econom|c und mur|el reorm. |e|n pur.ued
|, Kurd|.lun, u. ep|u|ned lo u. |, Pre.|denl lu.oud Bur.un| und
UlE l|n|.ler o lore|n Trude
S|e|||u lu|nu l|-u.|m|
Pr|me l|n|.ler Bur|um Su|||, wu. ver, |mpre..|ve. \|l| u
per-cup|lu |ncome o more l|un S4,S00, over 0 percenl |||er
l|un l|e re.l o l|e counlr,, Kurd|.lun |. u mu|or con.umer mur|el
l|ul l|e UlE w||| den|le|, |oo| |nlo more c|o.e|,.
Dur .lu, |n Kurd|.lun |u. .lrenl|ened our re.o|ve lo u||,
.upporl l|e dou|||n o UlE |nve.lmenl. |nlo l||. Re|on lo
uround Sb |||||on |, Z0I. T|e lnlernul|onu| lonelur, lund.
dec|.|on lo dou||e |l. orecu.l or our Z0I0 L0P rowl| prove.
our ece||enl po.|l|on lo |oo.l our ore|n |nve.lmenl., und
Kurd|.lun w||| cerlu|n|, |e umon our |e, pr|or|l|e..
Bul more l|un l|e |r||l ulure |n lrude und |u.|ne..
l|ul we |oo| orwurd lo .|ur|n w|l| Kurd|.lun, |l |. our r|end.||p
w|l| l||. Re|on l|ul mol|vule. u. lo ore c|o.er l|e. w|l| |l.
|euder. und |l. peop|e.
New homes under construction in Erbil
lDRE\DR0 Z
Bli[`jkXe`jXdXafi
Zfejld\idXib\kk_Xk
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Modern developments, such as these apartment buildings
in Erbil, are springing up in the Regions town and cities
Lufthansa and Austrian Airlines:
your choice for Erbil
If you are travelling to Erbil, Austrian
Airlines and Lufthansa offer you
a choice of nine ights a week via
either Frankfurt or Vienna.

From Vienna, Austrian Airlines ies
direct ve times a week - Mondays,
Wednesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and
Saturdays with a fight time of 3 hours
40 minutes.
Lufthansa operates four direct
ights a week to Erbil from Frankfurt
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays
and Sundays with a ight time of
around 4 hours 30 minutes.
Both airlines offer Business and
Economy Class to Erbil. Whichever
travel class you choose, your fare
includes all taxes, fees and charges,
a free baggage allowance, free
seat reservation, free refreshments,
comfortable seats with plenty of
legroom and the excellent service you
would expect from one of the world s
leading airline groups.
To book, visit
lufthansa.com or austrian.com
Save time with online or mobile check-in
To save time at the airport, you can
check in online from 23 hours before
departure, choose your seat and print
out your boarding pass at home or at the
ofce. O nce at the airport, simply check
in your luggage at the Austrian Airlines or
Lufthansa baggage drop-off counter and
go straight to security.
Even more conveniently you can check in
en-route on your internet-enabled mobile
phone and have your boarding pass
sent to your phone. Simply place the 2D
barcode on the scanner at your gate when
you are ready to board.
Earn frequent yer miles on ights
With M iles & M ore, you can earn valuable
award miles on ights with Austrian,
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as well as with a large number of partners
outside the airline industry. These miles can
then be exchanged for a wide variety of
rewards, from hotels to rental cars. For more
information, visit www.miles-and-more.com
lDRE\DR0 ZS
Bu.|ne.. |n lruq.
un ec|l|n ulure
|n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
und |e,ond
Fruncisco ! Snchez, US Under Secretury of
Commerce for nternutionul Trude
ln Iune Z00B, l|e US 0epurlmenl o Commerce |ed n|ne euer
lmer|cun compun|e. lo Er|||, cup|lu| o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o
lruq, on l|e r.l lrude m|..|on lo lruq |n decude.. T|e |o.p|lu||l,
.|own |, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl wu. wurm und
we|com|n. T|ul m|..|on .|nu|ed u new p|u.e |n our re|ul|on.||p
w|l| lruq, ocu.|n more on |u||d|n econom|c l|e. l|rou| lrude
und |nve.lmenl l|un on .ecur|l,. S|nce l|en, we |uve relurned lo
l|e v||runl c|l, o Er||| w|l| more compun|e., we |o.led l|e
US-lruq Bu.|ne.. und lnve.lmenl Conerence und, mo.l recenl|,,
l |ed u lrude m|..|on lo Bu|dud.
0ur|n m, v|.|l, l |eurned u|oul elen.|ve |u.|ne.. und
|nve.lmenl opporlun|l|e. l|rou|oul lruq. l w|lne..ed l|e
euerne.. w|l| w||c| lruq| |u.|ne..men und women de.|re lo nd
dependu||e |u.|ne.. purlner., e.pec|u||, w|l| l|e Un|led Slule..
ldd|l|onu||,, l mel w|l| mun, |r||l, |nnovul|ve, und |urdwor||n
lruq|.. T|ere |. no m|.lu||n l|ul lruq |. po|.ed lo |ecome un
econom|c |euder |n l|e re|on und l|e wor|d.
Dur re|ul|on.||p now encompu..e. compre|en.|ve po||l|cu|,
econom|c, env|ronmenlu|, lec|no|o|cu|, und cu|luru| cooperul|on.
T|ou| lruq |. .l||| un econom, emer|n rom u lrou||ed pu.l, |l |.
ev|denl l|ul l|e counlr, |. open or |u.|ne.. und |u. u |r||l
ulure. lrom Er||| lo Bu.ru, lruq |. u counlr, l|ul |. deve|op|n u
mur|el conduc|ve lo lrude, |nve.lmenl, und pr|vule-.eclor
deve|opmenl. ll |. u counlr, w|ere opporlun|l|e. u|ound, und
lrunc|.co I Snc|e.
w||c| de.|re. lo wor| w|l| wor|d-c|u.. compun|e. .o l|ul |l cun
deve|op wor|d-c|u.. |ndu.lr|e..
l. lruq conl|nue. on l||. roud u. un emer|n econom,, |l w|||
|e lruq. pr|vule .eclor l|ul |eud. l|e wu, lo pro.per|l,. \|||e l|e
pu|||c .eclor |u. un |mporlunl ro|e lo p|u, |n .|up|n u |u.|ne..-
und |nve.lmenl-r|end|, commerc|u| env|ronmenl, |l w||| |e
|ncreu.ed pr|vule-.eclor lrude und |nve.lmenl l|ul w||| |u||d l|e
d,num|c econom, l|ul we u|| .ee|. T||. |. nol |o.l on l|e |u.|ne..
|euder. o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq, w|ere |u.|ne.. pro.per..
To reu||.e lruq. econom|c polenl|u|, l|e overnmenl o
lruq w||| need lo uddre.. |mporlunl c|u||ene.. lor |n.lunce, l|e
o|| .eclor mu.l |e cureu||, munued or l|e |enel o u|| lruq|.,
und l|ul |nvo|ve. pu..|n u puc|ue o |uw. l|ul cover
revenue-.|ur|n und munuemenl o l|e |,drocur|on .eclor.
To l|ul end, l|e cenlru| overnmenl o lruq und l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|onu| Lovernmenl mu.l come loel|er l|rou| po.|l|ve
enuemenl. \|l|oul u |eu| rumewor| |n p|uce overn|n
|nve.lmenl |n l|e |,drocur|on .eclor, currenl pr|vule |nve.lor.
.l||| uce .cu|, po||l|cu|, und |eu| r|.|.. \e ure condenl l|ul .uc|
c|u||ene. w||| |e uddre..ed lo l|e |enel o u|| o lruq, und ure
encourued |, recenl ureemenl. on o|| eporl..
lruq, |nc|ud|n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, |u. l|e opporlun|l, lo
e.lu|||.| u repulul|on u. u preerred de.l|nul|on or lrude und
|nve.lmenl, und educule l|e |o|u| |u.|ne.. commun|l, on l|e
prore.. |l |u. mude. T|e Un|led Slule. |. proud lo .lund .|de |,
.|de w|l| lruq. \e vu|ue l||. |mporlunl r|end.||p und we ure
ded|culed lo lruq. .ucce...
Zb lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
Professor 6ureth Stunsheld interviews Prime Minister
0r 8urhum Sulih
Pr|me l|n|.ler, w|ul |. ,our v|.|on or Kurd|.lun`
l, v|.|on |. .|mp|e-|l |. lo .ee Kurd|.lun l|r|ve u. u ederu| re|on
o l|e lruq| .lule. lor l||. lo |uppen, lruq u. u w|o|e |u. lo |e
peuceu|, .lu||e, democrul|c-|n .|orl, u .lule |n w||c| Kurd|.lun
cun uc||eve |l. polenl|u| lo l|e u|| w|l|oul eur, |nl|m|dul|on,
l|reul or ||ndrunce. Bul Kurd|.lun u|.o |u. lo |e un uenl |n |l.
own .ucce... \e need lo |u||d .u.lu|nu||e econom|c .lruclure.,
|mprove l|e .lundurd o ||v|n o our peop|e, und .lr|ve lowurd.
|n.l|lul|onu||.|n our democrul|c proce..e. und procedure.
url|er, unl|| l|e, |ecome norm. or our .oc|el, und our po||l|cu|
||e. l, v|.|on or Kurd|.lun |. nol lo .ee |l u. Sw|l.er|und, nor lo
.ee Er||| u. 0u|u|-u. |. .omel|me. .u|d. l, v|.|on |. or Kurd|.lun
lo |e .ucce..u| und pro.perou. on |l. own lerm., und |n u wu,
l|ul |el. l|e peop|e o l|e Re|on.
l ,ou cou|d |denl|, one ureu l|ul prove. lo l|e |nlernul|onu|
commun|l, l|e .er|ou.ne.. o l|e KRL. p|un. lo deve|op l|e
Re|on lo l|e u||, w|ul wou|d |l |e`
ll wou|d |e eu., enou| lo po|nl |mmed|ule|, lo l|e |nve.lmenl
we |uve mude |n l|e |,drocur|on. .eclor, und |l wou|d |e correcl
lo do .o. Dur po||c, |n l||. .eclor |u. |een |ruve, .ucce..u|, und
w||| o rom .lrenl| lo .lrenl| |n l|e ulure. However, l|ere |.
one |n|l|ul|ve we ure pur.u|n l|ul .|ou|d |e con.|dered even
more |mporlunl |n lerm. o |ow we u|m lo deve|op our Re|on.
T||. |. l|e |nve.lmenl we ure mu||n |n our |umun re.ource..
Sell|n u cour.e or
.lu||||l, und .ucce..
Dur ou| |. lo lup l|e ener,, enlrepreneur.||p, creul|v|l,, und
|nle|||ence o our peop|e. \e w||| do l||. |, mu||n .ure l|ul
ulure enerul|on. w||| |e prov|ded w|l| l|e |e.l educul|on
und l|ul our peop|e cun .ul|., l|e demund. o emp|o,er..
T|ul |., |ndeed, un |mpre..|ve ou|. Cou|d ,ou epund on |ow
,ou |nlend lo uc||eve |l`
\e |uve u|reud, |eun l|e proce.. o |mprov|n l|e educul|on
und .||||. o our peop|e. ldm|lled|,, |l |. u proce.. l|ul requ|re.
muc| |nve.lmenl, over .ucce..|ve ,eur., |eore un end re.u|l |.
.een. However, l|e prore.. we |uve mude |. c|eur or u|| lo .ee.
Con.|der l|e |||er-educul|on .eclor, or eump|e. ln I99I, l|ere
wu. on|, one un|ver.|l, |n l|e enl|re Re|on-Su|u|ud|n Un|ver.|l,
|n Er|||, w||c| |ud u|oul B,000 .ludenl.. T|e, were |e|n luu|l
prorum. mode|ed lolu||, on l|o.e |e|n luu|l ucro.. l|e re.l o
lruq-prorum. l|ul were u|reud, o|.o|ele. Todu,, we |uve .even
un|ver.|l|e. ucro.. l|e Re|on und we ure open|n our new one..
ln udd|l|on, we |uve Z0 lec|n|cu| |n.l|lule. und l|ree
lec|n|cu| co||ee., und we ure uc|||lul|n l|e e.lu|||.|menl o
pre.l||ou. pr|vule un|ver.|l|e. |n our mu|or c|l|e.. T|e.e un|ver.|l|e.
ure |e|n ed |, u more epun.|ve .econdur, educul|on .,.lem.
ln I99I, or eump|e, Kurd|.lun |ud on|, I,Z0 .c|oo|. leuc||n
SS0,000 .ludenl.. Todu,, we |uve more l|un S,000 .c|oo|. und
uround I.4 m||||on .ludenl.. T|e .cu|e o c|une |. u.lon|.||n.
However, we recon|.e l|ul we need lo do more l|un |u||d
.c|oo|. und educule .ludenl. lo l|e |e.l o our currenl u||||l|e..
ll |. nol ood enou| un,more lo |enc|mur| our prore.. uu|n.l
l|e re.l o lruq, or even uu|n.l our ne|||or.. \e e|.l |n u |o|u|
commun|l, und u |o|u| mur|el, .o we need lo |r|n our .lundurd.
ZB lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
up lo u |eve| l|ul |. commen.urule w|l| l|e |nlernul|onu|
commun|l,. \e need lo epo.e our |r||le.l m|nd. lo eper|ence.
ucro.. l|e wor|d .o l|ul l|e, cun relurn lo Kurd|.lun und |e|n l|e
proce.. o |u||d|n our own cupuc|l|e.. \|l| l||. |n m|nd, l|e KRL
|u. |uunc|ed l|e SI00 m||||on Humun Cupuc|l, 0eve|opmenl
Prorum, w||c| w||| prov|de .c|o|ur.||p. or .ludenl. lo .lud,
mu.ler. und docloru| deree. ul renowned |nlernul|onu|
un|ver.|l|e.. \e need lo |e ocu.ed und d|.c|p||ned und lo l||n|
u|eud lo en.ure l|ul our peop|e rece|ve l|e |e.l lru|n|n l|e, cun,
und l|ul l|e|r eper|ence. |enel l|e re.l o Kurd|.lun.
ln ,our eur||er oreword, ,ou u||uded lo l|e lerr|||e cond|l|on.
ev|denl |n Kurd|.lun |n l|e I990.. How doe. l|e KRL p|un lo
|mprove ||v|n .lundurd. |n Kurd|.lun, ul u l|me w|en l|e
popu|ul|on |. |ncreu.|n, l|e ur|un env|ronmenl |. epund|n und
epeclul|on. ure |e|n |ncreu.ed`
T||. |., o cour.e, u cr|l|cu| que.l|on, e.pec|u||, w|en l|e KRL |. .o
|euv||, dependenl upon l|e revenue eneruled |, |,drocur|on..
\e ure we|| uwure o l|e p|lu||. o |u||d|n un econom, .o
dependenl upon one .ource, und we need lo do ever,l||n we cun
lo em|ruce l|e |enel. o l||. und nu|||, |l. pro||em.. l|r.l|,, we
|uve lo en.ure l|ul our peop|e |uve .ul|.uclor, p|uce. |n w||c|
lo ||ve. T||. .ound. o|v|ou., |ul w|en p|uced |n l|e conlel o l|e
de.lrucl|on wrou|l on Kurd|.lun over l|e decude., l|e |u||d|n o
new |ome. |. o purumounl |mporlunce. \e .|mp|, need lo
en.ure l|ul l|e |u.|c requ|remenl. lo ||ve u reu.onu||e, |onoru||e
||e ure uvu||u||e lo l|e c|l|.en. o l|e Re|on. T|ereore, |n l|e
|ou.|n .eclor, l|e KRL |u. u||oculed un e.l|muled SI10 m||||on
or l|e .econd p|u.e o .upporl or l|e Hou.|n lund-l|e
purpo.e o w||c| |. lo |u||d 1,000 |ou.|n un|l. ucro.. l|e Re|on
|n cooperul|on w|l| |nve.lor..
ll |. u|.o u|.o|ule|, |mperul|ve l|ul we |mprove pu|||c
.erv|ce. |n eneru|. T||. |. u mu|or underlu||n |ndeed. Kurd|.lun |.
no |oner u |ure|, ruru| .oc|el,. Dur c|l|e. ure |ure, our lown.
numerou., ,el l|e pu|||c .erv|ce. uvu||u||e w|l||n l|em ure, ul
|e.l, |up|u.urd |n l|e|r orun|.ul|on, und, ul wor.l, non-e|.lenl.
S|nce I99I, we |uve dou||ed l|e num|er o our |o.p|lu|. lo S0,
und more l|un lr|p|ed l|e p|,.|c|un. we |uve lo uround ,b00 |n
mun, d|erenl .pec|u||.ul|on.. \e |uve |u||l uround 900|m o
roud. und |n.lu||ed uround 4,000 dr|n||n wuler pro|ecl.. ln
udd|l|on, we |uve con.lrucled more l|un b,B00|m o .ewerue
r|d. |n u|| our c|l|e. und lown.. T||. |. |mpre..|ve, |ul |l |. on|, u
.lurl. \e |uve muc| lo culc| up on.
So, Pr|me l|n|.ler, w|en |l come. lo v|ew|n Kurd|.lun. ulure,
|. l|e |u.. |u|-u|| or |u|-empl,`
ll |. ver, muc| overow|n. l donl w|.| lo .ound overcondenl,
|ul l|ere |. ||ll|e lo .ue.l l|ul Kurd|.lun. ulure .|ou|d nol |e
v|ewed |n un,l||n ol|er l|un po.|l|ve lerm.. l c|u||ene
delruclor. lo po|nl lo un, .o-cu||ed pro||em l|ul Kurd|.lun uce..
T|e, .u, Tur|e, oppo.e. u., ,el Tur|e, |. one o our mo.l
prom|nenl lrude purlner., l|e, .u, lru| .lule. oppo.e u., ,el
l|e, ure open|n con.u|ule. |n Er|||, und we rece|ve l|e |||e.l-
|eve| de|eul|on. reu|ur|,, l|e, .u, Bu|dud oppo.e. u., ,el l|e
Kurd. con.l|lule one o l|e mo.l |nuenl|u| ||oc. |n l|e Counc||
o Repre.enlul|ve., und we |o|d .everu| prom|nenl m|n|.lr|e., u.
we|| u. l|e Pre.|denl o lruq |e|n none ol|er l|un Iu|u| Tu|u|un|
||m.e|, l|e, .u, our overnmenl need. reorm, und we
uc|now|ede l||., |ul l c|u||ene l|o.e w|o cr|l|c|.e u. lo po|nl
lo un, ol|er .lule |n l|e re|on l|ul |. do|n more lo erud|cule
corrupl|on und |mprove ec|enc|e..
Kurd|.lun |. |ere lo .lu,. ll |. no unomu|, wu|l|n lo |e .wepl
up |, |urer eopo||l|cu| currenl.. ll |u. proved |l. duru||||l, over
u lr|u| |u.l|n lwo decude., und we w||| prove our .ucce.. over l|e
orl|com|n ,eur.. l ure ,ou lo |o|n u. |n our |ourne, orwurd.
Prime Minister Dr Barham Salih
lBDUT KUR0lSTlN Z9
0uvid Romuno, Professor of Middle Eust Politics
ut Missouri Stute University, shures his personul
recollections of the Kurdistun Regions emergence
between I99I und Z003
\|en l|e I990-9I Lu| \ur ended, lruq| Kurd|.lun wu. u
devu.luled re|on. l Kurd|.lun |ud .uered on|, rom Bu|dud.
ne|ecl |n l|e preced|n decude., u. l|e .oul| o lruq d|d, l|e
.|luul|on wou|d nol |uve |een .o d|re. ln udd|l|on lo ne|ecl,
|owever, |on ,eur. o .evere repre..|on devu.luled ur|cu|lure,
c|v|| .oc|el,, |nru.lruclure, |ocu| overn|n |n.l|lul|on., und
l|e econom|c-.oc|u| .,.lem |n eneru|.
Suddum Hu..e|n. counler-|n.urenc, cumpu|n. o l|e
I910. und I9B0. cu|m|nuled |n l|e lnu| enoc|de o I9B1-BB,
w|en up lo Z00,000 lruq| Kurd. und .ome 4,000 o Kurd|.lun.
v|||ue. were e||m|nuled. 0ur|n l|e.e ,eur., l|e enl|re Re|on
remu|ned u c|o.ed m|||lur, .one, prevenl|n un,one rom o|n
lo Kurd|.lun or |nve.lmenl, lour|.m or un, purpo.e ol|er l|un
l|e |nce..unl m|||lur, cumpu|n..
l new |e|nn|n
ln l|e .pr|n o I99I, ul l|e end o Dperul|on 0e.erl Slorm,
u|oul |u| o Kurd|.lun. our m||||on peop|e loo| w|ul |e|on|n.
l|e, cou|d ul|er und ed Suddum. udvunc|n urm,, l|reulen|n
lo overw|e|m Tur|e, w|l| un |nu o reuee.. T|e Un|led Slule.,
Br|lu|n, und lrunce re.ponded w|l| Dperul|on Prov|de Comorl und
u 'no-, .one |n norl|ern lruq, den,|n Suddum l|e u||||l, lo
conl|nue conlro|||n lruq| Kurd|.lun und creul|n u .ue |uven lo
w||c| l|e reuee. cou|d relurn. \|en Bu|dud w|l|drew |l. c|v||
und m|||lur, per.onne| rom l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, l|e, loo| u|| l|e
uppurulu. o overnmenl w|l| l|em-|nc|ud|n .upp||e. |n vur|ou.
.lorue depol., wuler lreulmenl c|em|cu|., und even oce
muler|u|. und |||l |u||. |n l|e vur|ou. m|n|.lr, |u||d|n..
T|e lruq| Kurd. l|u. ound l|em.e|ve. ree or l|e r.l
l|me ul l|e end o I99I, |ul u|.o .udden|, l|ru.l |nlo l|e po.|l|on
o overn|n u ru|ned ureu l|e .|.e o Sw|l.er|und, |uc||n l|e
mo.l |u.|c nece..|l|e. und u|| o l|e cu.uu|l|e. o wur-
orp|un., w|dow., l|e wounded-und de.lro,ed ||ve|||ood..
T|e c|rcum.lunce. |n w||c| l|e Re|on emered mu|e |l.
lrun.ormul|on |n l|e .u|.equenl ,eur. lru|, remur|u||e, und
0 lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
.lund u. u le.lumenl lo w|ul .e|-delerm|nul|on |n l|e |und. o
ood |euder. cun uccomp||.| |n even u .|orl l|me. T|e r.l ree
und u|r e|ecl|on. ever |e|d |n lruq occurred |n I99Z, rou||,
.p||ll|n l|e vole |elween l|e Kurd|.lun 0emocrul|c Purl, (K0P)
und Pulr|ol|c Un|on o Kurd|.lun (PUK).
\|en l r.l v|.|led l|e Re|on |n l|e .ummer o I994, l|e
ew peop|e enler|n rom oul.|de eneru||, |rou|l w|l| l|em
|oo|. (on un, lop|c und |n un, |unuue), med|c|ne, und w|ulever
con.umer ood. l|e, cou|d curr,. Kurd|.lun remu|ned .u||ecl lo
lwo .el. o .uncl|on.-l|e |nlernul|onu| .uncl|on. |mpo.ed on
lruq, und Bu|dud. own .uncl|on. |mpo.ed on l|e Kurd|.|
uulonomou. ureu. \|l| l|e ||ll|e re.ource. uvu||u||e, ew ||n|. lo
l|e oul.|de wor|d (l||. wu. |eore w|de.preud |nlernel ucce..),
|nlerm|llenl e|eclr|c|l,, und un |n.ecure und lenuou. po||l|cu|
.lulu., l .uw lruq| Kurd. |u.||, re|u||d|n l|e|r .oc|el,. l lruve|ed
w|l| u Kurd|.| doclor lo cump. o peop|e d|.p|uced |, Suddum.
cumpu|n. o l|e I9B0., wulc||n w|l| umu.emenl u. |e lreuled
pul|enl. w|l| ||. ver, ||m|led urru, o .upp||e.. l w|lne..ed c|v||
.oc|el, .lurl|n lo emere, w|l| reopened un|ver.|l|e., new
new.puper., und proe..|onu| u..oc|ul|on. .proul|n up |n Zu||o,
0u|o|, Er|||, und Su|u|mun|u. Kurd|.| en|neer. were u.|n
ep|o.|ve. und m|ne. |el over rom l|e lrun-lruq wur, u. we|| u.
purl. rom cemenl und Cocu-Co|u uclor|e., lo d| new o|| we||..
Se|-ru|e under .uc| c|rcum.lunce. wu. d|cu|l, und l|ere
were pro||em. und |nlru-Kurd|.| con|cl. lo |e .ure. 0e.p|le l||.,
|, l|e l|me l mude m, .econd v|.|l lo Kurd|.lun |n Seplem|er Z000,
l|e Re|on. prore.. .eemed eponenl|u|. l|l|ou| Kurd|.lun wu.
.u||ecl lo l|e .ume |nlernul|onu| .uncl|on. u. Suddum. lruq, l|ere
were no mu|nour|.|ed c|||dren u. |n l|e re.l o l|e counlr,. ln.leud,
.ule|||le d|.|e. |ud .prun rom .eem|n|, ever, |u||d|n, und
|nlernel cue., new re.luurunl., .lore. .e|||n mo.l|, Tur||.| ood.,
und 4,000 re|u||l v|||ue. dolled l|e |und.cupe.
T||. remur|u||e lrun.ormul|on occurred w|en lruq| Kurd.
ol l|e c|unce lo run l|e|r own uu|r. uler I99I. B, Z00, lruq|
Kurd. u|reud, en|o,ed u ood deu| o eper|ence overn|n
l|em.e|ve. |n d|cu|l c|rcum.lunce., und munu|n un |ncreu.|n|,
v||runl econom|c, .oc|u|, und po||l|cu| .cene. 0ur|n l|e .u|.equenl
,eur l|ul l .penl ||v|n und conducl|n re.eurc| |n l|e Re|on
(Z00-Z004), l .uw l|e puce o prore.. qu|c|en even |e,ond l|ul
o I99I-Z00. Some IZ ,eur. o ucc|denlu| uulonom, |n I99I .eem
lo |uve prepured lruq| Kurd. lo weul|er l|e duner. und .e|.e l|e
opporlun|l|e. o po.l-Z00 lruq. T|e, remu|n u|| o opl|m|.m.
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An excited group of students learn new media
through the Tiziano Project, Salahaddin University
I lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
l |e, p|u,er |n |u||d|n u
modern, ederu| lruq
The region hus been importunt in steering the
consolidution of the ruqi stute, writes Qubud Tulubuni,
KR6 representutive in the US
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on doe. nol e|.l |n u vucuum. ll |. purl o l|e
w|der .ell|n o lruq und, u. .uc|, |u. |een un |mporlunl |euder |n
l|e |u||d|n o l|e new .lule, |l. econom,, und new po||l|cu|
.lruclure.. T||. re|ul|on.||p |. .,m||ol|c-|l |. d|cu|l lo |mu|ne
l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |e|n .epurule rom lruq, u ederu| lruq, |u.l
u. |l |. now |u.l u. |urd lo con.|der lruq .u||uul|n l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on |n l|e r|evou. wu,. comm|lled |, pre-Z00
overnmenl.. T||. re|ul|on.||p |. now nol one c|urucler|.ed |, u
'cenler und u 'per|p|er,, or l|e Kurd. |e|n .u|ord|nule lo l|e
reuler power o l|e cenlru| .lule - ur rom |l. T|e Con.l|lul|on o
Z00S |. wr|llen |n .uc| u wu, l|ul pro||||l. .uc| u deve|opmenl
occurr|n. ll |. one o purlner.||p und muluu| |enel, w|l| prore..
|n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on-econom|cu||,, po||l|cu||,, .oc|u||,-
|uv|n u po.|l|ve |mpucl upon l|e enl|rel, o lruq, und w|l| l|e
re-emerence und re|u||||lul|on o l|e lruq| .lule u. u ederu|,
democrul|.|n, p|uru||.l|c .lule u|l|mule|, |enel|n u|| lruq|.,
|nc|ud|n l|o.e |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
T|e roud lo l||. po|nl |u. nol |een eu.,, und l|ere remu|n
c|u||ene. u|eud or Kurd|.lun und or lruq. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on,
|n Z00, |ud more l|un u decude o eper|ence o e|.l|n
uulonomou.|, rom l|e re.l o lruq, |e|n overned und
udm|n|.lered |, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl (KRL) .|nce
An ofcial closes a ballot box in Sulaimania at the
end of voting in the 2010 parliamentary elections
Z lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
l|e ormul|on o l|e Kurd|.lun Nul|onu| l..em||, (KNl) o||ow|n
mu|l|-purl, e|ecl|on. |n I99Z. T|e decude uler I99Z wu. nol eu.,
or Kurd|.lun-e|.l|n under UN .uncl|on. |mpo.ed uu|n.l lruq,
under l|e Buul| re|me. .uncl|on. uu|n.l l|e re|on, und |uv|n
lo uce l|e con.lunl |nlervenl|on. o ne|||or|n power.. `el l|e
re|on .|ow|,, |ul .ure|,, .lu||||.ed. ll. ed||n |n.l|lul|on.
mulured und l|e w|der l|dd|e Eu.l re|on .|ow|, |eun lo uccepl
l||. new enl|l, u. u new eulure on l|e po||l|cu| mup.
lnlernul|onu||,, l|e Kurd. u|.o |eun lo row |n lerm. o l|e|r
.lulu. und recon|l|on, lo l|e po|nl w|ere|, l|e, |ecume |e,
uenl. |n l|e removu| o l|e d|clulor.||p |n Z00. \|l| l|e u|| o
l|e overnmenl o Suddum Hu..e|n, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
emered u. un eump|e o w|ul u ulure lruq cou|d |oo| |||e.
Rul|er l|un dec|ure |ndependence, u. mun, cr|l|c. o Kurd|.lun
|e||eved wou|d |uppen, l|e Kurd|.| |euder. .ou|l lo u.e l|e|r
eper|ence o l|e I990., und |ecume |nvo|ved |euv||, |n l|e
pro|ecl o |u||d|n u new, ederu| lruq.
T||. corner.lone o l||. pro|ecl, und w|ul .el. l|e lerm. or
l|e re|ul|on.||p |elween Kurd|.lun und lruq, |. l|e Con.l|lul|on.
lor l|e r.l l|me |n l|e ||.lor, o lruq, l|e Con.l|lul|on o Z00S
wu. druled |, repre.enlul|ve. o ever, po||l|cu| commun|l,, w|l|
l|e eper|ence o l|e Kurd. |e|n ev|denl l|rou|oul.
Un.urpr|.|n|,, l|e Con.l|lul|on pre.enl. u rumewor| or l|e
.lruclure o l|e .lule und |l. |e, |n.l|lul|on.. Surpr|.|n|,, per|up.,
or mun, |. l|e ucl l|ul |l open|, pre.enl. u v|.|on o lruq qu|le
d|erenl rom un,l||n l|ul wenl |eore |l, und .|n|cunl|,
d|erenl rom mun, .lule. |n l|e w|der re|on. l l|e lerm. o l|e
Con.l|lul|on ure o||owed, lruq w||| |e u ederu|, democrul|c, und
p|uru||.l|c .lule |n w||c| l|e re|on., |nc|ud|n Kurd|.lun, |uve l|e
re.pon.|||||l, lo en.ure l|e|r own deve|opmenl w|l||n l|e .ell|n
prov|ded |, l|e w|der .lule o lruq. T|e.e re.pon.|||||l|e. |nc|ude
l|e munuemenl o nuluru| re.ource., econom|c deve|opmenl,
educul|onu| munuemenl, und l|e prov|.|on o eneru| und pu|||c
.erv|ce.. l|.o, |n recon|l|on o l|e devu.lul|on wrou|l upon u||
lruq|. |, l|e eecl. o cenlru||.ed power |n Bu|dud, l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on. .ecur|l, w||| |e munued |, |l. own deen.e orce.-,el
.l||| |nleruled w|l||n w|der lruq| power .lruclure..
ll wou|d |e u m|.lu|e, l|ou|, lo |e||eve l|ul l|e Kurd|.|
|euder.||p. po||c, wu. lo |u||d u Con.l|lul|on l|ul u||owed l|em
.|mp|, lo '||de l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on uwu, |n l|e norl| o lruq,
prolecled |, l|e d|v|.|on o re.pon.|||||l|e. |u|d oul |n l|e new
rumewor|. Rul|er, repre.enlul|ve. o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |uve
|een |e, uclor. und uenl. o c|une |n Bu|dud. lor l|e r.l
l|me |n l|e ||.lor, o lruq, u Kurd wu. e|ecled Pre.|denl-u move
l|ul |nd|culed |e,ond u|| dou|l l|ul lruq |ud we|| und lru|,
c|uned. Pre.|denl Iu|u| Tu|u|un| remu|n. |n oce unl|| l||. du,.
Dl|er prom|nenl overnmenl po.|l|on. |uve u|.o |een |e|d |,
|eud|n Kurd|.| ure., |nc|ud|n 0r Bur|um Su|e| u. 0epul,
Pr|me l|n|.ler und Ho.|,ur Ze|ur| u. lore|n l|n|.ler, und l|e
|mpucl o l|e Kurd|.| conl|nenl. ro|e |n l|e |u||d|n o l|e new
lruq| .lule |u. |een e|l ucro.. l|e |ourd.
T|ere |uve, o cour.e, |een d|cu|l|e., len.|on., .el|uc|.,
und pro||em.. T|e .|luul|on |. 'democrul|.|n, uler u||, und l|e
lrun.|l|on |u. olen orced lruq|.-u|| lruq|.-lo conronl l|e|r own
v|ew., w||c| |uve olen |een ul odd., u|oul |ow l|e, .ee l|e|r
counlr, deve|op|n |n l|e ulure. lruq |u. |ud lo uce l|reul. u.
.er|ou. u. c|v|| wur, |mmen.e lerror|.m, re|onu| |nlervenl|on, und
c|ron|c econom|c |urd.||p. `el ul no po|nl .|nce Z00S |uve un,
o l|e.e l|reul. cuu.ed l|e co||up.e o l|e re|ul|on.||p |elween
Bu|dud und Er|||. lndeed, |n Z0II, w|l| ureemenl. |e|n
uc||eved reurd|n |,drocur|on deve|opmenl und w|l| Kurd|.lun,
u. ever, p|uced |n u po.|l|on o pr|me re.pon.|||||l, |n .leer|n l|e
con.o||dul|on o l|e lruq| .lule |l.e|, l|e ulure o lruq, und l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on u. u |eud|n purl o |l, uppeur lo |e .ound.
For the rst time in Iraqs history,
a Kurd, President Jalal Talabani,
was elected as head of state
lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
6ureth Stunsheld, Professor of Middle Eust Politics ut
the University of Exeter, considers the chullenges fucing
Kurdistun und the opportunities they present
l, r.l eper|ence o Kurd|.lun wu. |n I991. Buc| l|en, l|e |mpucl
o con|cl, .lule oppre..|on, el|n|c c|eun.|n, und l|e |e..
|mmed|ule |ul .l||| devu.lul|n |euc, o decude. o econom|c
mur|nu||.ul|on wu. c|eur or u|| lo .ee. E|.l|n under lwo .el. o
econom|c .uncl|on.-one rom l|e UN on l|e enl|rel, o lruq, und
one rom l|e lruq| overnmenl uu|n.l l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on-l|e
|und und |l. peop|e. .eemed con.|ned lo un e|.lence o poverl,,
|n.lu||||l,, und uncerlu|nl,. lndeed, |l wu. nol unu.uu| lo |eur o
l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |e|n de.cr||ed u. u pr|.on, |ol| p|,.|cu||,
und menlu||,, .uc| wu. |l. |.o|ul|on rom l|e re.l o l|e wor|d.
T|me. |uve c|uned, und l|e Re|on lodu, |. unrecon|.u||e
|n compur|.on. T|e Kurd|.lun o Z0II |. u ver, d|erenl p|uce, und
|l. peop|e ure u|.o u wor|d uwu, rom l|o.e euru|, lruumul|.ed,
d|.p|r|led o|| o u decude uo. T|e mu|or c|l|e. o Kurd|.lun-
Er|||, Su|u|mun|u, und 0o|u|-ure ood, | |ncomp|ele, melup|or.
.,m|o||.|n l|e lrun.ormul|on. l|ul |uve lu|en p|uce.
T|e.e c|l|e. were once ||ll|e more l|un prov|nc|u|, poor lown.
w|l| on|, u memor, o prev|ou. rundeur, u. ev|denced |, .leud||,
crum|||n unc|enl |u||d|n., or monumenl. lo |eroe. remem|ered
l|rou| lu|e. und .on. pu..ed down enerul|on lo enerul|on.
However, l|e, |uve now |ecome v||runl, orwurd-|oo||n,
co.mopo||lun ur|un env|ronmenl., w|l| l|e|r p|uce. nol on|, |e|n
meu.ured |n lerm. o l|e|r po.|l|on |n Kurd|.lun, or even lruq, |ul
l|e w|der ne|||or|ood o l|e l|dd|e Eu.l.
\|||e l|e unc|enl |u||d|n. remu|n u. ev|dence o Kurd|.lun.
r|c| mu|l|cu|luru| |er|lue-und ew ure u. |mpre..|ve u. l|e
c|lude| o Er|||-l|e, |uve |een comp|emenled |, new udd|l|on.
lo l|e ur|un env|ronmenl, w|l| new |ole|., overnmenl |u||d|n.,
und pu|||c deve|opmenl. |e|n c|eur mun|e.lul|on. o l|e new
v|lu||l, |n Kurd|.| .oc|el,. C|l|.en. o Kurd|.lun, loo, |uve |ecome
loo||n lo
l|e ulure
4 lBDUT KUR0lSTlN
more condenl, |oo||n orwurd |n wu,. l|ul were .|mp|,
|mpo..|||e |n prev|ou. decude.. No |oner do l|e, ||ve |n eur o
l|e Buul| re|me und |l. .ecur|l, orun|.ul|on., und l|e,
recon|.e l|ul, w|||e muller. |n lruq remu|n d|cu|l, l|e Kurd|.|
po.|l|on w|l||n |l uurunlee. l|ul |l |. v|rluu||, |mpo..|||e or l|e
prev|ou. lerr|||e |mpo.|l|on o uul|or|lur|un ru|e lo relurn.
T||. newound reedom, coup|ed w|l| un econom, l|ul |u.
deve|oped .|n|cunl|, .|nce l|e u|| o l|e d|clulor.||p, |u.
|nv|oruled Kurd|.lun. .oc|el,. Econom|cu||,, l|e re.u|l. o
l||. rev|lu||.ul|on ure c|eur-Kurd|.lun |oo|. und ee|. |nn|le|,
more deve|oped, pro.perou., und ec|l|n l|un |l d|d |eore-,el
l||. |nv|orul|on cun u|.o |e reu||.ed |n ol|er wu,.. Kurd|.| cu|luru|
ucl|v|l|e. ure now ||o..om|n, w|l| new |oo|., muu.|ne., und
|ournu|. |enel|n |mmeu.uru||, rom l|e epun.|on o |nlernel
prov|.|on ucro.. l|e re|on, |n udd|l|on lo l|e uncen.ored .ule|||le
med|u .erv|ce. l|ul now cover u|| o Kurd|.lun.
lmpre..|ve l|ou| u|| l||. |., |l |. l|e oul|oo| o l|e peop|e
l|ul .lund. u|ove u|| e|.e. Even ul l|e ver, wor.e l|me., l|e
.lrenl| und re.|||ence o Kurd., u|on w|l| u|| lruq|., wu. uppurenl
lo l|o.e w|o |ud l|e |onor o wor||n u|on.|de l|em |n l|e
I990.-u decude l|ul, or mun,, |. u|reud, |e|nn|n lo |e .een
u. d|.lunl ||.lor,, .uc| ure l|e u|n. mude |n recenl ,eur.. Bul l|e
wu, |n w||c| l|e peop|e o Kurd|.lun |uve nol on|, udupled lo
l|e|r new, reer env|ronmenl, |ul |uve em|ruced |l und .ou|l lo
ep|o|l ever, opporlun|l, lo l|e u||, |. remur|u||e.
D cour.e, l|ere remu|n c|u||ene. u|eud. Kurd|.lun ormu||,
e|.l. u. u re|on o lruq, |ul |l need. |l. .oul|ern |oundur,
c|ur|ed und ureed |, u con.l|lul|onu||, munduled proce...
lurl|ermore, ureemenl. need lo |e reuc|ed w|l| Bu|dud |n
order lo u||, reu||.e l|e polenl|u| nol on|, o Kurd|.lun. o|| .eclor,
|ul l|ul o lruq u. u w|o|e.
\|||e |l |. r||l und proper lo .peu| o Kurd|.lun. .ucce..e.,
|l |. nece..ur, lo po|nl oul l|e pro||em. l|ul .l||| e|.l-||| |eve|.
o poverl,, educul|on |n need o .|n|cunl |mprovemenl, l|e need
lo .lreum||ne overnmenl .lruclure., und l|e prov|.|on o decenl
pu|||c .erv|ce. ucro.. l|e enl|re re|on, lo nume |ul u ew-l|ul
|uve lo |e uddre..ed |n l|e ,eur. lo come. `el l|e.e c|u||ene.,
purl|cu|ur|, compured lo l|e e|.lenl|u| one. o l|e pu.l, .|ou|d |e
v|ewed u. opporlun|l|e..
lun, o l|e.e c|u||ene. und opporlun|l|e. ure oul||ned |n
l|e url|c|e. |n l||. pu|||cul|on, |, overnmenl oc|u|. und
|normed o|.erver., w|l| u cundor l|ul |. .lr|||n und |nd|cul|ve
o l|e KRL. de.|re lo uc|now|ede w|ere weu|ne..e. e|.l, und
l|e|r |ope o deve|op|n purlner.||p. lo overcome l|em. \|l|
l||. upprouc| |n p|uce, |l w||| |e u.c|nul|n lo .ee Kurd|.lun |n u
url|er I0 ,eur. l|me.
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STlBlllT` S
Michuel M 6unter ussesses the developing relutionships
between the Region und its neur neighbors, us well us
growing ties with the United Stutes und Europe
T|e lerm 'Kurd|.lun |u. ||.lor|cu||, reerred lo l|ul ureu o l|e
l|dd|e Eu.l w|ere Tur|e,, lrun, lruq, und S,r|u convere, und
w|l||n w||c| Kurd. ||ve |n l|e mu|or|l,. Beore l|e l|r.l \or|d \ur,
l||. re|on wu. |ure|, d|v|ded |elween l|e Dllomun und Per.|un
emp|re.. T||. concepl o Kurd|.lun, |owever, |. nol l|e enl|l, w|l|
w||c| l||. |r|e e..u, |. concerned. Rul|er, 'Kurd|.lun |ere reer.
on|, lo l|ul ureu o norl|ern lruq or lruq| Kurd|.lun, w||c|, .|nce
l|e u|| o Suddum Hu..e|n |n Z00, |u. |eu||, |ecome
recon|.ed u. l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, overned |, l|e e|ecled
Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl (KRL).
LDDKN6 FDRWAR0 Never |eore |uve l|e Kurd. |een u||e
lo o|lu|n u |eu||, recon|.ed enl|l, o l|e .lulure o l|e KRL.
lurl|ermore, Kurd|.lun .lund. oul u. un |.|und o re|ul|ve peuce
und pro.per|l, |n un lruq .l||| u||u.e w|l| v|o|ence und econom|c
mu|u|.e. `el lru| lruq remu|n. l|e KRL. purlner |n l|e pro|ecl o
|u||d|n u democrul|c ederu| lruq. l. .uc|, l|e re|ul|on.||p
|elween Er||| und Bu|dud .|nce Z00, w|||e ul l|me. len.e, |u.
u|wu,. mu|nlu|ned u orwurd-|oo||n ull|lude, recon|.|n l|ul
comprom|.e und con.en.u. ure needed, und l|ul Kurd|.lun.
.ucce.. |. u|.o lruq. .ucce...
loo||n norl|, l|e re|ul|on.||p |elween l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on und Tur|e, |u. |een lrun.ormed. S|nce l|e e.lu|||.|menl
o l|e Tur||.| Repu|||c on Z9 Dclo|er I9Z, l|e Kurd. were v|ewed
u. un e|.lenl|u| l|reul lo l|e .urv|vu| o l|e Tur||.| .lule. T|u.,
Tur|e, u|.o loo| u |eud|n ro|e |n .uppre..|n un, mun|e.lul|on o
Kurd|.| nul|onu||.m |n un, ol|er |order|n .lule. l. recenl|, u.
le|ruur, Z00B, l|e Tur||.| m|||lur, |uunc|ed ulluc|. ucro.. |l.
|order. |nlo Kurd|.lun |n un ullempl lo e||m|nule l|e PKK.
CHAN6N6 ATTTU0ES T||. Tur||.| ne|||or|ood pro||em
or Kurd|.lun .lurled lo |e..en on|, u. econom|c l|e. |elween l|e
lwo |eun lo deve|op |mpre..|ve|, uler Z00. T|en, even more
recenl|,, Tur|e,. new po||l|cu| ore|n po||c, o .ero pro||em.
w|l| |l. ne|||or. |ed lo |l. ore|n m|n|.ler, l|mel 0uvulo|u,
Kurd|.lun und |l. ne|||or|ood
epund|n ||. counlr,. .lrule|c depl| |, v|.|l|n Kurd|.lun |n
Dclo|er Z009. Tur|e, epunded l||. po||l|cu| rupproc|emenl |n
lurc| Z0I0 |, open|n u |||-powered con.u|ule |n Er|||. T|en, |n
Iune Z0I0, lu.oud Bur.un| wu. |nv|led lo Tur|e, under ||. l|l|e o
Pre.|denl o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. lore recenl|,, |n lurc| Z0II,
Pr|me l|n|.ler Recep Erdoun |ecume l|e r.l Tur||.| prem|er lo
v|.|l l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq. T|u., Kurd|.lun. u||-|mporlunl
Tur||.| ne|||or lo |l. norl| now pre.enl. u ur r|end||er oul|oo|.
Kurd|.lun. ol|er mu|n ne|||or, lrun, pre.enl. c|u||ene.
und opporlun|l|e. lo l|e KRL. Kurd|.lun und lrun .|ure u |on
||.lor, o cooperul|on, u. |||u.lruled w|en lrun l|rew open |l.
|order. or more l|un I.S m||||on lruq| Kurd|.| reuee. ee|n
Suddum Hu..e|n. wrul|, o||ow|n l|e u|orl|ve Kurd|.| upr|.|n
|n norl|ern lruq |n lpr|| I99I. S|nce l|en, Er||| und Te|run |uve
deve|oped .lron d|p|omul|c und commerc|u| ||n|., w|l| elen.|ve
lrude |e|n conducled ucro.. .everu| .eclor. und .|n|cunl
lrun|un commerc|u| ucl|v|l, ucro.. Kurd|.lun.
6LD8AL DUTLDDK l|nu||,, w|||e nol lrud|l|onu||, ne|||or.
|ven l|e eorup||cu| d|.lunce. .epurul|n l|em, l|e Un|led
Slule. und l|e Europeun Un|on |uve |ecome v|rluu| ne|||or. o
Kurd|.lun due lo |o|u||.ul|on und l|e|r |nuence on l|e wor|d.
b STlBlllT`
T||. |. e.pec|u||, lrue o l|e Un|led Slule., |ven |l. u||-|mporlunl
ro|e |n creul|n und .upporl|n Kurd|.lun, ev|denced |, Kurd|.lun
e.lu|||.||n u repre.enlul|ve oce |n \u.||nlon, 0C.
ln udd|l|on, |n Iunuur, Z0I0, Pre.|denl Bur.un| v|.|led l|e
US cup|lu|. l|.o, |n Seplem|er Z0I0, 0r luud Hu..e|n, C||e o
Slu lo Pre.|denl Bur.un|, und lu|u| Bu||r, l|e Heud o Kurd|.lun.
0epurlmenl o lore|n Re|ul|on., conducled u .er|e. o meel|n.
w|l| US overnmenl oc|u|. |n |ol| l|e eecul|ve und |e|.|ul|ve
|runc|e.. lurl|ermore, Tur|e,. ono|n ucce..|on proce..
w|l| l|e Europeun Un|on |u. u|reud, |rou|l Europe ||leru||, up
lo l|e |order. o Kurd|.lun.
To nuv|ule l|e.e c|u||en|n ne|||or|ood .|ou|.
demund. u.lule d|p|omuc,. To u |ure elenl, Kurd|.lun |u. mel
l||. c|u||ene |, comm|ll|n lo u ederu| .lulu. w|l||n lruq l|ul |.
ucceplu||e lo |l. ne|||or., w|||e en|o,|n l|e opporlun|l|e.,
.lu||||l,, und reedom. l|ul l|e re.u|l|n uulonom, |u. |rou|l.
President Barzani has built relationships during meetings with world leaders and senior ministers, including (clockwise from top left) Palestinian President
Mahmoud Abbas, US President Barack Obama, German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier and Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu
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STlBlllT` 1
Trun.cend|n l|e
po||l|c. o conronlul|on
Turkeys increused openness in its upprouch to relutions
with the Kurdistun Region hus reuped strutegic und
economic benehts for both sides, writes Lium Anderson
Dn II lurc| Z0I0, con.u| eneru| l,d|n Se|cen urr|ved |n Er|||
lo open l|e overnmenl o Tur|e,. new con.u|ule |n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on. Bure|, l|ree monl|. |uler, lu.oud Bur.un|
em|ur|ed on ||. r.l oc|u| v|.|l lo ln|uru u. l|e Re|on.
recon|.ed Pre.|denl. l|l|ou| |ure|, over|oo|ed |, l|e we.lern
med|u, l|e.e evenl. ure umon l|e mo.l eopo||l|cu||, .|n|cunl
o lruq. po.l-wur eru.
lo.l o|v|ou.|,, l|e, repre.enl lun|||e recon|l|on on l|e
purl o l|e Tur||.| overnmenl l|ul un uulonomou. Kurd|.lun
Re|on |. u permunenl und |e|l|mule lure on l|e lruq| po||l|cu|
|und.cupe l|ul |u., u. one o|.erver pul |l, '|n.l|lul|onu||.ed |l.e|.
lore |roud|,, l|e.e evenl. were .,mplomul|c o l|e leclon|c .||l
During his groundbreaking visit to Ankara in June
2010, Kurdistan Region President Masoud Barzani
met with Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu
B STlBlllT`
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|n l|e re|ul|on.||p |elween ln|uru und l|e KRL l|ul |u. occurred
over l|e |u.l coup|e o ,eur.. l re|ul|on.||p once c|urucler|.ed |,
|mp|ucu||e |o.l|||l, und puncluuled |, |nummulor, r|elor|c |u.
|een .uper.eded |, recon|l|on o .|ured .lrule|c |nlere.l und
l|e reu||.ul|on l|ul |ol| .|de. ure |eller o u. u|||e. l|un u.
enem|e.. 0r|v|n l||. lrun.ormul|on |u. |een u undumenlu|
recu|cu|ul|on on ln|uru. purl o |l. .lrule|c und econom|c
|nlere.l. |n lruq und l|e re|on u. u w|o|e.
0ome.l|cu||,, l|e Tur||.| overnmenl. unnounced po||c,
o 'democrul|c open|n lowurd |l. own Kurd|.| popu|ul|on |n
luu.l Z009 |mp||ed u recon|l|on l|ul l|ere cou|d |e no pure|,
m|||lur, .o|ul|on lo Tur|e,. pr|c||, pro||em w|l| l|e PKK. ln un,
neol|uled .o|ul|on, lruq. Kurd|.| |euder. ure |||e|, lo p|u, u |e,
ro|e. lrom u prumul|c per.pecl|ve, meunw|||e, l|e lKP re||e.
|euv||, on Kurd|.| vole. lo .u.lu|n |l. dom|nunl po.|l|on |n Tur||.|
po||l|c., prov|d|n unol|er |ncenl|ve or r|end|, re|ul|on. w|l| Er|||.
ln lerm. o ln|uru. eorl. lo eerl |nuence w|l||n lruq, u
po.|l|ve re|ul|on.||p w|l| lruq| Kurd. u|.o mu|e. ood .lrule|c
.en.e. T|e Tur||.| pur||umenl. dec|.|on lo den, l|e Un|led Slule.
u.e o Tur||.| |u.e. lo |uunc| l|e norl|ern ronl o Dperul|on
lruq| lreedom eecl|ve|, mur|nu||.ed ln|uru rom po.l-wur
po||l|cu| deve|opmenl. |n lruq. 0evo|d o un, lun|||e |nuence
over uno|d|n evenl. |n lruq, |l wu. reduced lo |..u|n om|nou.
l|reul. rom l|e .|de||ne., w||c| |l |ud ne|l|er l|e w||| nor l|e
cupuc|l, lo curr, oul.
\|l| nol||n lo |e u|ned rom u po||c, o overl |o.l|||l,
lowurd l|e KRL, l|e Tur||.| overnmenl w|.e|, .w|lc|ed cour.e
dur|n Z00B-09, l|ereuler, u more .lud|ed und .lule.mun|||e
upprouc| lo re|ul|on. w|l| l|e KRL |u. ,|e|ded mu|or |enel. or
Tur|e,. T|e |mm|nenl depurlure o lmer|cun lroop., meunw|||e,
w||| creule un '|nuence vucuum |n lruq l|ul re|onu| power.,
nolu||, lrun, w||| compele lo ||. ln|uru. |e.l |ope o |nuenc|n
evenl. |n Bu|dud w||| |e v|u ood re|ul|on. w|l| lruq| Kurd..
Hence, or ln|uru, l|e roud lo Bu|dud run. l|rou| Er|||.
l|nu||,, und mo.l o|v|ou.|,, l|e .lrenl|en|n o re|ul|on.
|elween ln|uru und Er||| ,|e|d. .|n|cunl econom|c |enel. or
|ol| .|de.. T|e num|er. l|em.e|ve. ure lru|, |mpre..|ve. |n Z009,
lrude |elween l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on und Tur|e, reuc|ed un
e.l|muled SB-9 |||||on |n vu|ue, .ome b0 percenl o l|e ore|n
compun|e. operul|n |n l|e Re|on ure Tur||.|, und, per|up.,
B0 per cenl o ood. con.umed |n l|e Re|on ure o Tur||.| or||n.
T|e.e num|er. |oo| .el lo |ncreu.e .|n|cunl|, | l|e overnmenl
o Tur|e, und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on .ucceed |n e.lu|||.||n l|e
env|.ued ree-lrude .one ucro.. l|e|r common |order.
T|ere ure even Tur||.| |nlere.l. |nvo|ved |n l|e conlrover.|u|
o|| und u. .eclor. lor eump|e, Lene| Ener|| own. 44 per cenl o
l|e Tuq Tuq o|| e|d, w|||e unol|er Tur||.| compun,, Pelo||, |. |n l|e
proce.. o pump|n SS0 m||||on |nlo deve|op|n o|| und u. |n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on. ln l|e |oner lerm, l|ere ure p|un. lo ||n| up
lruq. o|| und u. re.erve., v|u l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, lo l|e mu|n
Nu|ucco p|pe||ne. T||. wou|d mu|e Tur|e, u mu|or oul|el or l|e
eporl o lruq. o|| und u. lo Europe, und prov|de .lron
|ncenl|ve. or u|| .|de. lo mu|nlu|n cord|u| re|ul|on..
l|l|ou| l|ere ure c|eur|, |..ue. l|ul |uve l|e cupuc|l, lo
d|.lur| re|ul|on. |elween ln|uru und Er||| |n l|e ulure, .uc| u.
l|e conl|nued pre.ence o l|e PKK on lruq| Kurd|.| lerr|lor, und l|e
ule o o||-r|c| d|.puled lerr|lor|e. |n norl|ern lruq, l|e deeper l|e
re|ul|on.||p |ecome., l|e eu.|er |l |. lo env|.ue .uc| pro||em.
|e|n deu|l w|l| |n u .p|r|l o mulure con.en.u.. Ne|l|er .|de |u.
muc| lo u|n, und |ol| |uve un uwu| |ol lo |o.e, rom u relurn lo
l|e po||l|c. o conronlul|on.
Turkish companies play a major role
in Kurdistans oil and gas sector
9 STlBlllT`
Dpporlun|l, lo ore rmer ||n|.
The ulreudy close relutionship between the Kurdistun
Region und the United Stutes is set to become stronger,
writes Qubud Tulubuni, KR6 representutive in the US
l. l|e Un|led Slule. enler. u new p|u.e o |l. re|ul|on.||p w|l|
lruq, |l .|ou|d |e enormou.|, proud o |ow ur l|e counlr, u. u
w|o|e, und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on .pec|cu||,, |u. come. T|e US
.|ou|d |e equu||, ec|led u|oul l|e prore.. we ure .lr|v|n lo
mu|e. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq |., |n mun, wu,., u .ucce..
.lor,. T|un|. lo l|e .ucr|ce. und vu|or o US und cou||l|on lroop.,
|l |ecume u .ource o .lu||||l,, lo|erunce, rowl|, .uel, und
peuce |n lruq. Todu,, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on und l|e US ure proven
u|||e., w|l| .|ured |nlere.l. u. we|| u. .|ured vu|ue..
ln Iunuur, Z0I0, Pre.|denl o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on lu.oud
Bur.un| mel w|l| US Pre.|denl D|umu |n l|e Dvu| Dce. 0ur|n
l||. meel|n, Pre.|denl D|umu re|leruled US .upporl or l|e lruq|
Con.l|lul|on und l|e democrul|c proce.. |n lruq, .lre..|n l|ul l|e
US wou|d remu|n .lron|, comm|lled lo l|e .ecur|l, und
pro.per|l, o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on w|l||n u ederu| lruq.
lurl|er, u. u .,m|o| o conl|nued r|end.||p und
cooperul|on |elween l|e US und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o
lruq, Conre..men l|nco|n 0uv|. (0emocrul - Tenne..ee)
und Ioe \||.on (Repu|||cun - Soul| Curo||nu) ormu||, creuled
u Kurd|.| lmer|cun Conre..|onu| Cuucu. w|l||n l|e US Hou.e
o Repre.enlul|ve., u|med ul .lrenl|en|n lmer|cu. l|e.
w|l| l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
President of the Kurdistan Region Masoud Barzani (third
from left), at a meeting with US President Barack Obama
in the Oval Ofce, Washington DC, in January 2010
40 STlBlllT`
loreover, l|e conl|nuou. US-KRL d|u|oue reecl. .|ured
vu|ue.. Dne o l|e mun, .,m|o|. o l|e KRL. comm|lmenl lo
deve|opmenl o l|e Re|on on l|e lmer|cun mode| |. |l. creul|on
o l|e lmer|cun Un|ver.|l, o lruq |n Su|u|mun| (lUl-S). lounded |n
Z00b und comm|lled lo prov|d|n un lmer|cun-.l,|e |||eru| url.
educul|on ul |ol| underruduule und ruduule |eve| or lruq|
.ludenl., lUl-S |u. |een u||, uccred|led |, l|e lmer|cun
lcudem, or l||eru| Educul|on.
\|l| our |u.l||n econom,, our conl|nued democrul|.ul|on
und l|e .lrenl|en|n o our |ud|c|ur,, we mu.l lu|e l|me lo
remem|er und uc|now|ede l|e enormou. .ucr|ce o l|e US und
l|e lmer|cun peop|e |n |l. eorl. lo |||erule lruq. \|l|oul l||.
.ucr|ce, or w||c| Kurd. w||| orever remu|n ruleu|, we wou|d nol
|e w|lne..|n our lremendou. rowl|.
Todu,, we |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on ure l|e .lrone.l r|end
und u||, l|ul l|e US |u. |n our purl o l|e wor|d. Dur |ome |.
l|e p|uce w|l| l|e mo.l prore..|ve pre.. |uw |n l|e re|on, l|e
p|uce w|l| u |||er percenlue o women |n our |e|.|ulure l|un
mo.l o l|e nul|on. |n l|e wor|d, l|e p|uce w|ere C|r|.l|un. und
ol|er. ee|n re|||ou. per.ecul|on rom e|.ew|ere |n lruq come
lo nd .uncluur, und u ulure.
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. u|.o l|e p|uce w|ere l|o.e
.ee||n lo |nve.l - rom .ome o our newe.l r|end. .uc| u.
l|e Koreun. lo ne|||or. .uc| u. Tur|e, - nd our new
econom, v||runl, prom|.|n und u|| o opporlun|l,. \e |ope
l|ul l||. enl|u.|u.m w||| .preud lo l|e US pr|vule .eclor, u.
l|e opporlun|l|e. ure p|enl|u|.
Dur .lor, rom l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. |een up||l|n, |ul
l|ere |. more lo come. Dur po||c, lo |ecome u mu|or producer
und .upp||er o power .lrenl|en. our .lund|n |n lruq und
|e,ond. Dur ocu. on |nve.l|n |n our ulure |, uppropr|ul|n
SI00 m||||on on .end|n .ludenl. u|roud or lu.ler. und
0oclorule quu||cul|on. under.core. our orwurd-l||n||n
upprouc|. \e under.lund l|ul reuler po||l|cu|, democrul|c und
econom|c reorm. ure nece..ur,. \e ure wor||n on l|em, und
we ure on l|e r||l pul|.
l. l|e US conl|nue. druw|n down |l. m|||lur, orce. |n
lruq, l|e KRL |oo|. orwurd lo |ncreu.ed d|p|omul|c und
econom|c re|ul|on. |elween l|e US, lruq und l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on. loreover, l|e KRL we|come. l|e US 0epurlmenl o
Slule. dec|.|on lo e.lu|||.| u d|p|omul|c con.u|ule |n Er|||
lo .o||d|, US-KRL muluu| .lrule|c, |u.|ne.. und cu|luru|
|nlere.l.. T||. con.u|ule, coup|ed w|l| our repre.enlul|on |n l|e
US, w||| .erve nol on|, u. u .,m|o| o l|e un|reu|u||e |ond.
|elween l|e US und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, |ul u|.o u. u |r|de
lo |e|p .lrenl|en l|e. |n l|e ulure.
US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton meeting KRG President Masoud Barzani
at the State Department, Washington DC, during his visit in January 2010
SECURlT` 4I
l .ucce..u| eerc|.e
|n commun|l, po||c|n
Kurim Sinjuri, KR6 Minister of the nterior, highlights
the improvement in the Regions security und expluins
ongoing developments in luw enforcement
T|e lnler|or l|n|.lr,-|n cooperul|on w|l| l|e l.u|.| (.ecur|l,
orce) und |nle|||ence uppurulu.-o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu|
Lovernmenl (KRL) |u. pr|mur, re.pon.|||||l, or |nlernu| .ecur|l,
l|rou|oul l|e Re|on. T||. |. u con.l|lul|onu| uul|or|l, und
re.pon.|||||l, uurunleed |, l|e lruq| Con.l|lul|on-recon|l|on o
l|e ucl l|ul we |uve |ud re.pon.|||||l, or our own .ecur|l, ever
.|nce I99I, w|en l|e ormer Buul||.l re|me w|l|drew u|| |l.
uppurulu. o overnmenl udm|n|.lrul|on. \e |uve lu|en l||.
re.pon.|||||l, ver, .er|ou.|, ever .|nce l|en.
\e |uve |een orlunule l|ul, .|nce our |||erul|on |n Z00,
we |uve o|lu|ned |mprovemenl. or our .ecur|l, orce. |n lerm.
o lru|n|n und equ|pmenl rom our r|end. |n l|e cou||l|on orce..
\e |uve u|.o |een orlunule l|ul our own |udelur, .|luul|on
|u. |een more re||u||e und we |uve |een u||e lo o|lu|n .ome
re.ource. on our own.
Bul we |uve u|.o |een v|cl|m. o our own .ucce... Some
o our r|end. |n l|e cou||l|on u..ume l|ul we |uve no need.
w|l||n our .ecur|l, uppurulu., und |e||eve l|ul u|| or mo.l o l|e
.ecur|l, re.ource. com|n lo lruq mu.l o lo ol|er purl. o l|e
counlr,. However, l|e, do nol reu||.e l|ul l|e .ecur|l, we en|o,
|n Kurd|.lun |. u de||cule |u|unce.
lu|e no m|.lu|e, we do |uve l|reul. uu|n.l our .ecur|l,
w|l||n Kurd|.lun. \e |uve |een ver, orlunule l|ul we |uve |ud u
.mu|| num|er o lerror|.l ulluc|. uu|n.l our peop|e-ewer l|un
|n .ome ureu. o Europe or l|e \e.l. However, one ulluc| |. un
ulluc| loo mun,. Becuu.e we ure u p|uru| und democrul|c .oc|el,
l|ul |u. |een .upporl|ve o our r|end. |n l|e cou||l|on, we nd l|ul
l|e elrem|.l. |r|n l|e|r doclr|ne o |ule und de.lrucl|on lo u..
\e u|.o |uve un |nlernul|onu| |order l|ul .|ure. |l. vu.l epun.e
w|l| l|ree o our ne|||or|n counlr|e., l||. |n u purl o l|e wor|d
4Z SECURlT`
w|ere l|e vu.l und porou. |order. ure .omel|me. u.ed |,
l|o.e |nlenl on cuu.|n |n.lu||||l,. 0ue lo u|| l|e.e uclor., our
v|||unce mu.l |e con.lunl.
lo.l o w|ul we |uve uc||eved w|l||n Kurd|.lun |u. |een
|u||l upon u oundul|on o ded|culed, re.ourceu| und |o,u| .erv|ce
rom l|e men und women o our .ecur|l, .erv|ce.. T|e, prov|de
.ecur|l, w|l|oul u|| o l|e |enel. o equ|pmenl und lec|no|o,
l|ul ol|er proe..|onu|. uround l|e modern wor|d en|o,.
ll |. u|.o |mporlunl lo recon|.e w|, we |uve |ud lo re|,
.o|e|, on l|e vu|uu||e |umun re.ource. we po..e.. w|l||n
Kurd|.lun. lrom I99I lo Z00, we were ||v|n under u .|luul|on o
dou||e .uncl|on.-l|o.e .uncl|on. |mpo.ed d|recl|, |, Suddum
Hu..e|n, und |nd|recl|, |, l|e wor|d commun|l,, u. l|e, mon|lored
l|e|r .uncl|on. uu|n.l Suddum. re|me. 0ue lo l|o.e .uncl|on.,
l|e Un|led Nul|on. D|| or lood Prorum cou|d prov|de u. w|l|
nol||n lo |e|p |n prolecl|n our |nlernu| .ecur|l,.
Todu,, we ure |nlenl on url|er deve|op|n our urru, o
po||ce orce. |nlo u modern, proe..|onu| |od, o .ecur|l, orce..
Dur |uw-enorcemenl commun|l, con.|.l. o our eneru| po||ce
orce l|ul |und|e. .lundurd cr|m|nu| muller., u. we|| u. un urru,
o .pec|u||.l po||ce orce..
ll |. l|e l.u|.| (w||c| ||leru||, meun. '.ecur|l, |n En||.|)
l|ul .|ou|der. l|e mu|n |oud |n our |l uu|n.l lerror|.m. ll |. l||.
orce l|ul |. re.pon.|||e or counler-lerror|.m, counler-e.p|onue
und counler-nurcol|c. operul|on.. T|e, |uve proven l|me und
uu|n l|ul l|e, we|| under.lund l|e l|reul. we uce, und ure u|wu,.
.ee||n new wu,. lo com|ul l|em, olen prevenl|n lerror|.l
ucl|v|l|e. |eore l|e, cun |uppen.
Dne o l|e reu.on. w|, our .ecur|l, orce. ure .o .ucce..u|
|. l|e|r c|o.e re|ul|on.||p w|l| l|e c|l|.en. o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
\|ereu. peop|e once eured l|e .ecur|l, orce., lodu, our
c|l|.en. |now l|e, ure l|ere or l|e|r prolecl|on und ure nol uru|d
lo cooperule w|l| l|em.
Reurd|n more convenl|onu| cr|me, l um |upp, lo .u, l|ul
our cr|me rule. ure ver, |ow, e.pec|u||, compured w|l| un, ol|er
mu|or ur|un ureu o l|e wor|d. \e do |uve .ome |n.lunce. o
l|el und |ur|ur,, und .ome v|o|enl cr|me u. we||. However,
u|mo.l u|| l|e v|o|enl cr|me |. w|ul l wou|d cu|| .oc|u| |n nulure, |n
l|ul l|e perpelrulor. |now euc| ol|er und l|e |nc|denl. ure olen
|elween, or w|l||n, um|||e..
ln .p|le o u|| o l|e.e c|u||ene., we ure ded|culed lo
prolecl|n Kurd|.lun w|||e operul|n w|l||n l|e |uw. ll |u. |een u
|e, pr|nc|p|e o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl lo en.ure l|ul
our .ecur|l, orce. under.lund und re.pecl l|e pr|nc|p|e. o
|umun r||l., und lo |ecome uurd|un. o u democrul|c ||e.l,|e,
c|v|| .oc|el, und, |n purl|cu|ur, women. r||l..
ln oul||n|n our .ecur|l, .|luul|on, |l |. |mporlunl lo
under.lund l|ul lruq| Kurd|.lun |. ver, d|erenl rom l|e re.l o
lruq. Cerlu|n|, l|ere |u. |een |mprovemenl |n l|e .oul| o lruq,
|ul we |uve en|o,ed u |eud.lurl |n .lu||||l,. Dur peop|e ure
opl|m|.l|c u. l|e, .ee new deve|opmenl und con.lrucl|on o|n
on uround l|em und u overnmenl wor||n lo |mprove .erv|ce.
und quu||l, o ||e.
lun, |nve.lor. und deve|oper. |n l|e |nlernul|onu| |u.|ne..
commun|l, u|.o .ee reu.on. or opl|m|.m und ure |oo||n lo
Kurd|.lun u. l|e|r ulewu, lo l|e re.l o lruq, u. l|e, cun .ue|,
e.lu|||.| |eudquurler. |ere. T|e, w||| l|en |e po|.ed lo lu|e
udvunlue o our |ocul|on u. l|e .ecur|l, env|ronmenl conl|nue.
lo |mprove url|er |n l|e re.l o lruq.
FliZ`k`q\ejbefn
k_Xkk_\j\Zli`kp
]fiZ\jXi\k_\i\
]fik_\`igifk\Zk`fe
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SPONSORED FEATURE
How long has GardaWorld had an
interest in Kurdistan?
Gardaworld is extremely proud to have been
the rst international security provider to fo-
cus on the Kurdistan Region, with dedicated
operations starting in 2003. We focused on
building a business using Kurdish personnel,
primarily with expatriates purely in training
and management functions. The intention to
be the rst security provider in the Kurdistan
Regional Government (KRG) to focus on the
oil and gas sector came to fruition in 2005 with
the commencement of seismic operations on
the Taq Taq concession. Today, 95 percent
of our personnel are Kurds, many of whom
have been with our company for more than
ve years.
Initially, our business focused on providing
security for telecommunications and electri-
cal power-line infrastructure projects, which
progressed to providing cover for more than
3,000 sq km of oil and gas exploration acre-
age, and low-prole Kurdish-led executive
protection for over 20 clients. Working with
our clients on Corporate Social Responsibil-
ity programmes is also a growing area for us.
We provide increasing amounts of remote
primary-care medical support to rural com-
munities within oil and gas concession areas,
with which we actively engage to determine
ways our clients can assist from building
schools to providing electricity, or drilling
wells.
What is the security situation like on
the ground?
Security in the Kurdistan Region remains
very stable. Since establishing operations in
the Region in 2003, there has not been a sin-
gle terrorist incident targeting foreigners, and
there has not been a signicant successful
attack in the Region in more than two years.
The current economic boom is bringing with
it ever-increasing numbers of foreign work-
ers and large-scale commercial tourism, and
retail projects are now commonplace.
What are your guiding principles?
To provide as high a quality service to interna-
tional best practice standards using as great
a proportion of Kurdish people as possible,
to invest heavily in training, internal career
progression, and paying competitive salaries.
As a global publicly listed company, we are
bound to the highest ethical standards and
are able to leverage our international experi-
ence. As a major security services operator
in the Region, we consider ourselves to be
unique in this respect.
What does the future hold for the
Kurdistan Region?
The KRG is clearly leading the way in Iraq by
ensuring an environment that is extremely ap-
pealing to both domestic and foreign investors,
with its huge opportunities in a variety of busi-
ness sectors, particularly agriculture, tourism
and oil and gas. I am extremely excited by the
economic, political and social progress that is
being made in the Region. With the eagerly
anticipated resolution of the Oil Law, which will
clarify the economic future of the Region, Kurd-
istan promises to be one of the most exciting
regions of the Middle East in the coming years.
Oliver Westmacott is president of GardaWorld, Gardas
(TSX:GW) Global Risk Consulting Group.
www.garda-world.com
info@garda-world.com
SECURlT` 4S
l .uer
env|ronmenl
or |nve.lmenl
An interview with Musrour 8urzuni, Heud of the
Kurdistun Regions Security Protection Agency
Cun ,ou oul||ne l|e |mprovemenl. mude |n l|e .ecur|l, .|luul|on
|n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |n recenl ,eur.`
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. |een re|ul|ve|, .ue |n pu.l ,eur., |ul
no one cun uurunlee u|.o|ule .ecur|l, un,w|ere |n l|e wor|d.
T|e econom|c |oom, l|e pre.ence und |nve.lmenl. o l|e
l|ou.und. o ore|n compun|e., l|e e.lu|||.|menl o d|p|omul|c
m|..|on., purl|cu|ur|, |n Er|||, und, o cour.e, .ero ore|n v|cl|m.
ure l|e |enc|mur|. o u .ue und .lu||e .|luul|on.
\|, |. .ecur|l, ood |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on`
T|ere ure mun, reu.on.. To menl|on |u.l u ew. l|e ded|cul|on o
our ocer. und per.onne| w|o l|re|e..|, devole l|em.e|ve. lo
prolecl ||ve., l|e lru.l l|ul our peop|e |uve |n our .ecur|l, orce.,
und l|e|r conl|nuou. re|ul|on.||p o prov|d|n und pu..|n
|normul|on on .u.p|c|ou. ucl|v|l|e.. T|e Kurd. ure eneru||,
lo|erunl peop|e w|o re|ecl elrem|.m. 0|erenl re|||on., .ecl.,
und nul|onu||l|e. ||ve .|de |, .|de u|| over Kurd|.lun. T||. reu||l, |u.
|el ||ll|e room or elrem|.m und rud|cu||.m lo row |n our Re|on.
\|ul .ecur|l, .erv|ce. prolecl l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on` How ure
l|e, |eu||, munduled`
lccord|n lo l|e lruq| Con.l|lul|on lrl|c|e IZI, l|e KRL |.
re.pon.|||e or l|e .ecur|l, o Kurd|.lun. Here |n l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on, uccord|n lo Pur||umenl 0ecree no. 4b o Novem|er Z0
Z004, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on Secur|l, Prolecl|on lenc, wu.
e.lu|||.|ed lo |eud, coord|nule, und prolecl l|e .ecur|l, .|luul|on
|n Kurd|.lun-uu|n.l lerror|.m, orun|.ed cr|me., und ol|er
.ource. o l|reul. lo l|e Re|on. T|e l|n|.lr, o l|e lnler|or, und
l|e Spec|u| Un|l. o Pe.|meru lorce. w|l||n l|e Iur|.d|cl|on o
l|n|.lr, o Pe.|meru, ure u|.o purl o l|e.e eorl.. ln Z00b, our
Pur||umenl pu..ed u counler-lerror|.m |uw lo |denl|, l|e |eu|
procedure. or counler-lerror|.m cu.e. |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on,
our .ecur|l, orun|.ul|on |u. |een wor||n uccord|n lo l||. |uw.
T|e lerm 'l.u|.| |. menl|oned olen |n l|e pre... \|ul |. |l`
'l.u|.| |. l|e Kurd|.| nume or .ecur|l,. T|e Leneru| 0|reclorule o
Secur|l, |n our uenc, |. mu|n|, re.pon.|||e or counler-lerror|.m,
counler-nurcol|c. und counler-orun|.ed cr|me. ll |. |mporlunl lo
nole l|ul l|e l.u|.| |u. no po||l|cu|-purl, u||ul|on ul u||. ll |. un
orun|.ul|on o l|e KRL.
How eecl|ve |. KRL |nle|||ence |n counler|n lerror|.l l|reul.`
Dur orun|.ul|on |u. .pured no eorl. lo mu|e .ure l|ul we
prolecl l|e ||ve. o our peop|e und prov|de u .ue und perm|..|ve
env|ronmenl. un env|ronmenl or .lu||||l, und more econom|c
rowl|. Dur po||c, |. lo e||m|nule un, ||nd o lerror, |ul,
under.lund|n l|ul l|ere |. no u|.o|ule .ecur|l,, we .pure no
eorl lo m|n|m|.e l|e ucl|v|l|e. und |mpucl o .uc| roup..
ll mu.l |e .u|d l|ul our coord|nul|on w|l| ol|er re|evunl
counlerpurl. |u. |e|ped u. lo d|.munl|e, d|.rupl, und |r|n lo
|u.l|ce more l|un u ew do.en lerror|.l roup. und l|e|r |euder.,
und lo .uve mun, ||ve. over l|e pu.l ew ,eur.. \e |uve munued
lo prevenl mun, culu.lrop||c ulluc|. l|ul were p|unned |, .u|c|de
|om|er. und ol|er, .op||.l|culed meun..
Masrour Barzani, Head of the Kurdistan Region Security Protection Agency
4b SECURlT`
l. l|ere u pro||em w|l| cr|m|nu||l, |n l|e KRL` How |. l||.
counlered` \|ul p|un. |uve |een pul |nlo eecl lo en.ure l|ul
l|e po||ce und |ud|c|ur, ure now l or purpo.e`
Tuc|||n cr|m|nu||l, |. under l|e |ur|.d|cl|on o l|e l|n|.lr, o l|e
lnler|or. S|nce |l. e.lu|||.|menl, l|e KRL |u. u|wu,. |n.|.led on
l|e |ndependence o l|e |ud|c|u| .,.lem, und en.ured l|e
proe..|onu||.m o Re|on. po||ce orce.. \e cun proud|, .u, l|ul
our |ud|c|u| .,.lem und our courl. ure uncl|on|n uccord|n lo l|e
prov|.|on. o l|e |eu| .,.lem w|l| u|| l|e |ndependence l|e, need,
w|l|oul un, |nlervenl|on rom un, ol|er power.. l. or l|e po||ce
orce. |n l|e Re|on, l|e|r lru|n|n |. munued |, our Po||ce
lcudem,, w||c| wu. e.lu|||.|ed |n I991. ll |u. |een ver, eecl|ve
|n proe..|onu||.|n our po||ce .,.lem und |mprov|n our cupuc|l,.
How cun ore|n |nve.lmenl |mprove l|e .ecur|l, o l|e Re|on`
l ood econom, und u |||er .lundurd o ||v|n conlr||ule lo
|e..en|n l|e opporlun|l|e. or lerror|.l.. lore|n |nve.lmenl w|||
|uve un oul.lund|n |npul. lo creule |o| opporlun|l|e. or our
,oun enerul|on, .lrenl|en our |nru.lruclure, uprude .||||.,
und |nlerule l|e Re|on. econom, w|l| l|e re.l o l|e wor|d.
Ep|u|n w|,, rom u .ecur|l, per.pecl|ve, |nve.l|n |n Kurd|.lun
.|ou|d |e .een u. u .ue ucl|on lo lu|e.
S|nce lu, 9 Z001, l|ere |uve |een .ero lerror|.l |nc|denl.. T|e
pu|||c. .upporl or l|e .ecur|l, uppurulu., l|e peop|e. demund
or url|er deve|opmenl, und l|e proe..|onu||.m o our .ecur|l,
orun|.ul|on. |uve u||owed u r|end|, env|ronmenl or |nve.lmenl.
\|ul ure l|e c|u||ene. uc|n l|e KRL |n l|e ,eur. u|eud`
Com|ul|n lerror|.m |. our mu|n c|u||ene. l. we conl|nue lo
|mprove und deve|op, we w||| |e uced w|l| more c|u||ene..
Po||l|cu|, econom|c und .oc|u| c|u||ene. w||| .l||| |e l|ere. T|e
oul.lund|n |..ue. |elween Bu|dud und Er|||, | nol re.o|ved,
cou|d deve|op |nlo more .er|ou. pro||em..
Dur overnmenl w||| need lo luc||e corrupl|on more
eecl|ve|,, und lo move |e,ond po||l|cu| .lulemenl..
C|v|| |||erl|e. ure ver, |mporlunl |n un, democrul|c counlr,.
luw und |u.l|ce mu.l |e u||, enorced. l. we mu.l do more lo
prolecl u|| r||l. or our peop|e, our overnmenl mu.l wor|
|urder lo prolecl und deend l|e r||l. o women, und runl l|em
more equu| opporlun|l|e. |n l|e .oc|el,.
Female future members of the security
forces stand to attention during training
at the Police Academy in Erbil
THE \lSlDN 41
Pro.per|l,
und .ecur|l,
An interview with former KR6 Prime Minister
Nechirvun 8urzuni, who outlines Kurdistuns progress
so fur und his hopes for the Regions future
ln l|e |u.l .everu| ,eur. l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. deve|oped ul
u remur|u||e puce. Cun ,ou commenl on l||. uc||evemenl |,
oul||n|n ,our v|.|on u. l|e Pr|me l|n|.ler o l|e prev|ou. cu||nel,
purl|cu|ur|, w|l| re.pecl lo econom|c udvuncemenl`
T|e r.l l||n lo |eur |n m|nd |. l|ul l|e c|l|.en. o l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on |uve |een l|e en|ne o l||. proce... \|en l u..umed
oce, l|ere were u num|er o .pec|c econom|c |enc|mur|. l|ul
l |e||eved wou|d creule u rumewor| or .leud, deve|opmenl. l|r.l
und oremo.l, we |ud lo |mpre.. upon l|e peop|e und overnmenl
oc|u|. l|ul l|e pr|vule .eclor, und nol l|e KRL, mu.l |e l|e
dr|v|n orce |e||nd commerc|u| rowl|.
T|e KRL |u. |ud u |,nc|p|n ro|e lo p|u, |n lwo e..enl|u|
u.pecl.. |mprovemenl. lo |nru.lruclure und |eller de||ver, o
|u.|c .erv|ce.. No econom, cun uncl|on | l|e roud. ure |n poor
cond|l|on, | e|eclr|c|l, |. |n .|orl .upp|,, or | l|e |eu| urc||leclure
lo prolecl |nve.lmenl und |u.|ne.. conlrucl. |. u|.enl. l wou|d
|||e lo commend l|e oc|u|. o euc| overnorule or l|e|r
conlr||ul|on. |n |mp|emenl|n u num|er o .lrule|c pro|ecl. l|ul
|uve re.|uped l|e Re|on.
Cun ,ou de.cr||e |n delu|| |ow ,our cu||nel |mp|emenled l|e.e
ou|.` \||c| u.pecl. o deve|opmenl |uve |een mo.l |mporlunl`
Dur econom|c deve|opmenl |u. |een |mpre..|ve |n u num|er o
.eclor.. 0ur|n m, lerm u. Pr|me l|n|.ler l wu. proud lo ro|| oul u
ve-,eur p|un lo rev|lu||.e l|e ur|cu|luru| |ndu.lr,, u .lrule|cu||,
|mporlunl .eclor w|l| vu.l polenl|u| und un |mporlunl .ource o
|u|or. Dur relu|| und |o.p|lu||l, |ndu.lr, |u. eper|enced
lremendou. rowl|. Bul l|e deve|opmenl. |n o|| ep|orul|on
und l|e u.e o o|| und u. lo power our e|eclr|c|l, r|d were,
per|up., l|e mo.l |mporlunl .lep. orwurd.
ll |. |mporlunl lo recu|| l|ul u|.o|ule|, none o our .ucce..
wou|d |uve |een po..|||e w|l|oul .ecur|l,. T|e peop|e und l|e
overnmenl o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on owe un enormou. de|l o
rul|lude lo our .ecur|l, per.onne|. \|l|oul l|e|r |urd wor| und
delerm|nul|on we wou|d nol |e w|ere we ure now.
How do ,ou perce|ve l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on u. u re|onu|
econom|c p|u,er` How |. l|e Re|on |nlerucl|n, cooperul|n,
und compel|n |n l|e l|dd|e Eu.l`
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. u ederu| enl|l, o lruq w|l| u reul
deu| o uulonom,. l. |n ol|er ederu| .,.lem., l|e ederu|
uul|or|l|e. o lruq .el monelur,, deen.e, und ore|n uu|r.
po||c,. ll l|e .ume l|me, l|e Con.l|lul|on r||l|, runl.
Re|on. und overnorule. l|e reedom lo move orwurd w|l|
econom|c |n|l|ul|ve., und |. de.|ned lo en.ure l|ul u|| lruq|.
move orwurd loel|er. T||. |. o .pec|u| .|n|cunce w|l| re.pecl
lo o|| und u..
T|e KRL |u. creuled |l. po||c|e. |eur|n l||. |n m|nd.
Be,ond .|mp|, u ulewu, lo lruq, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u.
|ecome u |u.e o operul|on. or mun, rm. und orun|.ul|on.,
reud, lo epund |nlo lruq w|en l|e l|me come.. ln udd|l|on, l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on |. we|| p|uced lo .erve u. u |r|de |elween
l|e Lu| und Europe.
Former KRG Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani
4B THE \lSlDN
l. |l uccurule lo de.cr||e econom|c |nlerucl|on u. e..enl|u| lo ,our
re|ul|on.||p. w|l| ne|||or. und l|e |nlernul|onu| commun|l,`
Cerlu|n|,. Dur re|ul|on.||p. w|l| mem|er. o l|e |nlernul|onu|
commun|l, |uve |een |u.ed |ure|, on muluu||, |enec|u|
econom|c purlner.||p.. l um ver, proud o w|ul we uc||eved
dur|n l|e prev|ou. udm|n|.lrul|on. D .pec|u| .|n|cunce
|u. |een l|e rowl| o enu|ne r|end.||p |elween our Re|on
und Tur|e,.
T|e KRL |u. mude u concerled eorl lo reuc| oul lo l|e
lru| wor|d. ll |. u||||n l|ul we nu||, |uve lru| counlr|e. w|l|
d|p|omul|c repre.enlul|on |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. l||e Tur|e,,
lrun |. un |mporlunl re|onu| .lule und we |uve done our |e.l
lo promole lrude und econom|c cooperul|on und lo uc|||lule
peuceu| und ood ne|||or|, re|ul|on.. lure|, ullrucled |,
orwurd-|oo||n |e|.|ul|on, u num|er o nul|on. rom Europe
und |e,ond |uve |ncreu.ed l|e|r pre.ence.
How do ,ou v|ew l|e pu.l und ulure o l|e Re|on` \|ul ure l|e
reule.l o|.luc|e. und opporlun|l|e. l|ul ||e u|eud`
\|en l wu. ,oun, we cou|d on|, dreum o ||v|n |n .uel, und
peuce. Pro.per|l, |. |mporlunl, |ul |l |. .ecur|l, l|ul |. l|e
oundul|on or u|| l|ul we |uve uc||eved. T|e new enerul|on w|||
nol recu|| ||e under l|e Buul| re|me, und l|e, w|.| lo ||ve u.
l|e|r peer. |n l|e deve|oped wor|d. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on w||| |uve
lo udupl lo new c|rcum.lunce..
\e cerlu|n|, |uve u num|er o c|u||ene. lo uce |n l|e
,eur. lo come. Bu.ed on m, eper|ence, l|ou|, l remu|n
l|orou||, opl|m|.l|c. `eur. rom now, l |e||eve l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on o lruq w||| |e u |ol|ed o econom|c ucl|v|l, und, per|up.,
even u re|onu| |u|.
\e po..e.. u|| l|e ullrucl|ve lru|l. o un emer|n mur|el,
und |nlernul|onu| |nve.lor. und compun|e. ure encourued lo
ep|ore opporlun|l|e.. T|e l|me lo |nve.l |n l|e ulure |. now.
Oil and gas continue to be major drivers of
economic growth in the Kurdistan Region
THE \lSlDN 49
P|unn|n u v||runl,
.u.lu|nu||e econom,
An interview with 0r Ali Sindi, Minister of Plunning in
the Kurdistun Regionul 6overnment
P|eu.e ep|u|n l|e mundule o l|e l|n|.lr, o P|unn|n, w|ul ure |l.
o||ecl|ve. und |ow do ,ou p|un lo uc||eve l|e.e`
T|e l|n|.lr, o P|unn|n wu. e.lu|||.|ed |, l|e KRL |n Z00b,
uccord|n lo Pur||umenl luw num|er 1. T|e l|n|.lr, |. re.pon.|||e
or l|e deve|opmenl o .lrule|c p|un. und |on-lerm o||ecl|ve. lo
|e|p |mprove l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. Suc| re.pon.|||||l|e. |nc|ude l|e
prepurul|on o l|e unnuu| |nve.lmenl |udel, ul|er|n dulu und
.lul|.l|c. or l|e Re|on l|rou| .urve,. und cen.u.e., und l|e
deve|opmenl o quu||l,-conlro| .lundurd. or ood und muler|u|.
(|n coord|nul|on w|l| l|e cenlru| overnmenl |n Bu|dud).
T|e l|n|.lr, o P|unn|n |. u|.o con.|dered u. l|e |runc| o
l|e KRL l|ul .pec|cu||, deu|. w|l| l|e donor commun|l, und
|nlernul|onu| orun|.ul|on., .uc| u. l|e Un|led Nul|on.
orun|.ul|on., l|e \or|d Bun|, und USll0, w|en coord|nul|n
deve|opmenl pro|ecl. und uddre..|n non-po||l|cu| |..ue..
Con.|der|n l|e ureu. o ucl|v|l, |n w||c| l|e l|n|.lr, o P|unn|n
|u. |nvo|vemenl, w|ere ure l|ere .|n|cunl opporlun|l|e. or
ore|n |nve.lor. lo |ecome |nvo|ved |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on`
T|e pr|vul|.ul|on proce.., w||c| wu. en|neered |, ormer Pr|me
l|n|.ler Nec||rvun Bur.un|, |u. proven lo |e u reul .ucce.. .lor,.
lore|n |nve.lmenl w|l||n l|e e|eclr|c|l, .eclor now meun. l|ul
l|ere |. u |ue d|erence |elween l|e .lulu. o e|eclr|c|l,
prov|.|on |n Kurd|.lun und l|e re.l o lruq. B, .o|v|n .uc| u mu|or
pro||em |n l||. wu,, we |uve u|ned vu|uu||e eper|ence und ure
now epund|n lo ol|er .eclor. w|l||n l|e Re|on.
lccord|n lo our .lul|.l|c., l|ere |. currenl|, u need or
IS,000 |ou.|n un|l. ucro.. l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. T||. |. w|ere
|nve.lor. und l|e pr|vule .eclor cun p|u, un |mporlunl ro|e. Nol
on|, doe. l|e |ou.|n .eclor prov|de u .|n|cunl opporlun|l, or
ore|n |nve.lmenl, |ul |l u|.o en.ure. u relurn on |nve.lmenl
.|nce l|e KRL |u. e.lu|||.|ed l|e |ou.|n nd w||c|, |u.l ,eur,
.pec|cu||, u||oculed SZ00 m||||on lo |e .penl |n .uc| u wu, l|ul
uurunleed u prol or l|e |nve.lor..
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on epund. ucro.. B0,000 .q |m und,
de.p|le |l. vu.l ur|un und ruru| ureu., l|ere |. nol one .|n|e
|||wu, o un |nlernul|onu| .lundurd. T|ereore, l|e roud
con.lrucl|on .eclor |. unol|er ureu l|ul prov|de. .|n|cunl
|nve.lmenl pro.pecl. .|nce |l |u. ,el lo |e reuc|ed |, l|e pr|vule
.eclor |n lerm. o operul|on, con.lrucl|on und mu|nlenunce.
ln l|e |eu|l| .eclor, we |e||eve l|ere ure ood opporlun|l|e.
|ecuu.e o u r|.e |n l|e .lundurd o ||v|n und un |ncreu.e |n
|ncome, peop|e ure now |oo||n or u |eller quu||l, o .erv|ce, olen
lruve|||n lo Iordun, lrun und Tur|e, lo .ee| med|cu| cure. However,
The construction sector holds
potential for foreign investors
S0 THE \lSlDN
w|l| l|e overnmenl. |ureuucruc, u. |l currenl|, .lund., l|ere ure
.ome ||m|lul|on. lo l|e |mprovemenl o quu||l, or epun.|on o
coverue, purl|cu|ur|, w|l| .pec|u|l|e. und new lec|n|que.. T|e.e
||m|lul|on. |uve |ed lo u rev|ew o l|e |eu|l| .,.lem |n Kurd|.lun
und |uve, .u|.equenl|,, opened door. or ore|n |nve.lor. und l|e
pr|vule .eclor, or eump|e, |eu|l| |n.urunce compun|e..
\|l| l|e mu..|ve epun.|on o Er|||, Su|u|mun|u und 0o|u|,
cun ,ou reecl on l|e |eve| o p|unn|n l|ul |. o|n |n lo
epund|n l|e.e c|l|e.`
\|en |l come. lo p|unn|n, l||n. ure |uppen|n ul d|erenl |eve|..
ll l|e |eve| o l|e KRL, we ure prepur|n unnuu| p|un. |n udd|l|on lo
|on-lerm p|un.. \|en ,ou reer |nd|v|duu||, lo Er|||, Su|u|mun|u
und 0o|u|, euc| o l|em |u. u mu.ler p|un l|ul |u. |een
deve|oped over l|e |u.l l|ree ,eur.. lor l|e r.l l|me |n Kurd|.lun.
||.lor,, l|e.e || c|l|e. ure now epund|n |n u more orun|.ed wu,,
rul|er l|un u c|uol|c wu, |||e |n l|e I990., und |eore. loreover,
l|e |u,er. und d|men.|on. o l||. epun.|on ure now .urpu..|n l|e
ur|un ureu., und. |uve |een u||oculed w|l||n l|e |nve.lmenl
|udel lo enu||e overnorule. lo deve|op mu.ler p|un. or l|e
lown. u. we||, ocu.|n on d|.lr|cl. und .ome .u|-d|.lr|cl..
T||. l|n|.lr, o P|unn|n .eem. ver, we|| p|uced lo com|ul l|e
pro||em. o corrupl|on l|ul e|.led w|l||n l|e KRL. Cun ,ou reecl
on l|e |mproved v|.|on o l|e KRL und ep|u|n w|, |nve.lor.
.|ou|d con.|der l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on u .ue p|uce lo |nve.l`
lnve.lor. .|ou|d |e |nlere.led |n Kurd|.lun und ee| condenl l|ul
l|e|r mone, w||| |e |nve.led w|.e|,. Unl|| our ,eur. uo, l|e KRL
|ud no |nvo|vemenl w|l| |nve.lor. und l|e deu|. l|ul were
e.lu|||.|ed. However, l||. |. u ver, d|erenl .lor, lodu,, we now
|uve reu|ul|on. |n p|uce, .uc| u. l|e lnve.lmenl luw, w||c|
uurunlee lolu| prolecl|on or l|e |nve.lor.
ln lerm. o v|.|on, l|e KRL |. con.lunl|, .lr|v|n lo |mprove
l|e pu|||c und pr|vule .eclor. o l|e Re|on. S|nce Z001, l|e KRL
|u. uccepled |e|p rom |nlernul|onu| orun|.ul|on. .uc| u. PwC
(Pr|cewuler|ou.eCooper.), KPlL und l|e UK. Nul|onu| Sc|oo| o
Lovernmenl |n order lo |mprove l|e quu||l, u..urunce o l|e
KRL. perormunce |n l|e vur|ou. .eclor.-u c|une l|ul we cun
den|le|, ee| |. |uppen|n or l|e |eller. T|e rowl| |n Kurd|.lun
w||| |e ver, u.l over l|e nel ew ,eur. und u. u d|recl re.u|l,
we w||| conl|nue lo |oo| lo l|e |nlernul|onu| commun|l,, .uc| u.
ore|n |nve.lor., or |e|p und u..|.lunce |n order lo mu|e l|e
mo.l o l|e opporlun|l|e. l|ul w||| ur|.e.
The population of Erbil is experiencing the benets of increasing foreign
investment in Kurdistan with the growth of leisure facilities across the city
SPONSORED FEATURE
The worlds economic
struggles in recent
years do not seem to
have affected Iraq as
much as the political
volatility that has
held back its economy
and the rebuilding
of the country
Type of investment Number of projects % by type % in capital $ Volume
National 226 86 68.7
Foreign* 20 7.6 26.42
Joint Venture** 17 6.4 4.83
*Only 11 foreign investment countries listed. In our observation,
the UAE and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Iran, Japan, China,
India, Australia, Italy are not included on that list.
** From the KRG BOI data, UAE joint venture with Iraqi
companies. Total investment is $11.55 million, Iran $1.85 million
and some major countries are non-existing.
dean.michael@atconz.net
Having been present in the Iraqi real-estate
market for a decade, ATCONZ has accumu-
lated a good understanding of how the big
machine works, and has considered where,
when and how to start rebuilding Iraq. We found
the answers in 2005, when we engaged in a
Kurdistan-Iraq market survey, which resulted in
a $100 million housing project north of Erbil.
The project is expected to be completed at the
end of 2012.
In total, 263 all-sector licenses were
awarded by BOI in the Kurdistan Region
between August 2006 and August 2010, of
which 78 were allocated to housing projects,
with investments of $5.807 billion 42.19
percent of the $13.766 billion total capital
invested through all 263 licenses.
Common opinion is that joint-venture (JV)
investment allows for a truly benecial invest-
ment partnership, with the transfer of edu-
cation, management skills and professional
workmanship. However, statistics show that
this type of investment represents only 4.83
percent of the capital invested and, collectively,
the foreign and JV investments represent only
14 percent of total projects. Perhaps this is
why economic development is moving at such
a slow pace.
In our opinion, unless these gures reach
thresholds of 30 to 40 percent in the medium
to long term, Kurdistan-Iraq will not see seri-
ous economic development. There are many
opportunities for foreign investors to enrich the
local economy and create the solid foundation
for future growth and prosperity.
According to a UN report, the growth rate
of the population 2007 was 8.1 percent,
which is considered very high. Twenty thou-
sand new units were needed yearly in Erbil
alone from 2007 onwards, and the KRG has
started to implement housing programs such
as the Housing Fund, which targets the low-
income population.
We have identied the following major chal-
lenges in the housing sector:
s5NDERDEVELOPEDINFRASTRUCTURESERVICES
s4HEHIGHCOSTOFBUILDINGMATERIALS
s,ACKOFlNANCEORHIGHINTERESTRATES
s,ACKOFFOREIGNINVESTMENT
s.O STRINGENT QUALITY ASSURANCECONTROL BY
authorities to enforce accepted international
or local standards
s#ULTURALFACTORS
Using our experience as investors, developers,
contractors and traders, we can carry out mul-
tiple projects in the KRG and the rest of Iraq.
We believe that the challenges facing the hous-
ing sector can be addressed by implementing
a special program involving a pragmatic part-
nership between three parties: government;
nancial organizations, and developers.
We know that the government is willing to
assign free lands for housing projects and,
as an oil-rich state, can afford to subsidize
mortgage interest rates. It could also offer
state guarantees to nancial organizations,
making it possible for experienced developers
to start work immediately on the development
of Iraqs infrastructure and the completion of
integrated projects, in compliance with local
and international standards. Such a program
will be successful if it is implemented by a
strong government.
SZ THE \lSlDN
An interview with Sinun Chulubi, Minister of Trude und
ndustry in the Kurdistun Regionul 6overnment
l|n|.ler, p|eu.e prov|de un overv|ew o l|e currenl .lulu. o |ndu.lr,
|n Kurd|.lun, und l|e .lrule, or promol|n lrude w|l||n l|e Re|on.
l |uve |een l|n|.ler o Trude und lndu.lr, .|nce l|e e.lu|||.|menl
o l|e .|l| cu||nel o l|e KRL |n Dclo|er Z009. lrom l|e r.l du, o
m, uppo|nlmenl, |l wu. c|eur l|ul l|e econom|c c|urucler|.l|c. o
l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |ud c|uned drumul|cu||, .|nce Z00. T|e o|d
.,.lem, dom|nuled |, .oc|u| l|e., |ud |een rep|uced |, un open-
mur|el .,.lem, |n order lo |nlerule Kurd|.lun w|l| l|e re.l o l|e
wor|d. luclor|e. l|ul |ud ormer|, |e|oned lo l|e KRL were .o|d lo
l|e pr|vule .eclor, w|l| l|e |nlenl|on l|ul l|e, mu.l lu|e l|e |eud.
\|l| reurd lo promol|n lrude, we ure |mporl|n
uppro|mule|, 90 percenl o ood. rom oul.|de-ood,
munuuclured ood., und .o on-und |uve |een u||e lo do .o u.
u d|recl re.u|l o l|e |ue revenue we rece|ve rom our o|| lrude.
However, lo .lrenl|en l|e Re|on. deve|opmenl, we need lo
uc||eve u |u|unce |elween l|e ood. we ure |mporl|n und
eporl|n, l|e |uller |e|n un ureu l|ul need. ullenl|on. D cour.e,
un |mporlunl .lep |. lo ullrucl |nve.lor. .o l|ul we cun |enel
rom l|e |now|ede und eperl|.e l|ul l|e, cun oer |n l||. ureu.
`ou menl|oned l|ul l|e v|.|on o l|e l|n|.lr, und l|e KRL |. lo
|uve un econom, l|ul |. |ed |, l|e pr|vule .eclor, |ul w|l| l|e
KRL. .upporl. ln udd|l|on lo l|e |uw. l|ul |uve |een pu..ed,
p|eu.e ep|u|n |ow l||. .upporl wor|..
T|e KRL |. ded|culed lo e.lu|||.||n un ullrucl|ve env|ronmenl or
|ocu| und ore|n |nve.lmenl, l|e Re|on |enel. rom u ||| |eve|
o .ecur|l,, oer|n u comorlu||e und .lu||e .ell|n w|l||n w||c|
l|e Re|on. econom|c deve|opmenl cun |e encourued. However,
Boo.l|n eporl.
lo |u|unce lrude
we ure u||, uwure l|ul we cunnol re.o|ve our |..ue. overn||l. T||.
|. u ruduu| proce.. l|ul mu.l |e upprouc|ed .lep |, .lep.
\e ure wor||n on e.lu|||.||n l|e lnl|-lonopo|, luw, l|e
Compel|l|on luw und l|e Con.umer Prolecl|on luw, w|l| l|e
|nlenl|on o .lrenl|en|n und |ncreu.|n lrude. \e |e||eve l|ul
|nve.lmenl. rom l|e pr|vule .eclor .|ou|d |ecome one o l|e
mu|n p|||ur. o our econom,, und ure l|ereore comm|lled lo
oer|n u .ue und prolecl|ve env|ronmenl or ore|n |nve.lmenl
lo deve|op |n Kurd|.lun.
ll |. u|r lo .u, l|ul l|e vur|ou. .eclor. o |ndu.lr, w|l||n l|e
Re|on ure underdeve|oped, pre.enl|n .|n|cunl opporlun|l|e.
or |nve.lmenl. \|ul do ,ou l||n| polenl|u| |nve.lor. .|ou|d |e
|oo||n ul, .pec|cu||,`
Kurd|.lun |u. .uered rom decude. o under|nve.lmenl.
Prev|ou.|,, on|, pro|ecl. und |nve.lmenl. l|ul were |enec|u|
or l|e re.l o lruq were |mp|emenled |n l|e norl|. or eump|e,
dum. were con.lrucled |n order or l|e re.l o lruq lo conlro| l|e
wuler |eve|. und lo enerule e|eclr|c|l,.
However, no con.|derul|on wu. |ven lo l|e ur|cu|luru|
u.pecl o l|e Re|on. T|ereore, Kurd|.lun |. now eper|enc|n
reul u|||n. w|l||n l||. .eclor o |ndu.lr,, w||c| c|eur|, pre.enl. u
.|n|cunl opporlun|l, |n l|e ulure.
Kurd|.lun |. |n un |nlere.l|n eoeconom|c po.|l|on, olen
de.cr||ed u. weu| |ecuu.e |l |. |und|oc|ed, ,el u p|volu| Re|on
umon mun, d|erenl .lule.. Trude |. u ver, |mporlunl purl o
l|ul p|volu| u.pecl. How .|n|cunl |. lrude |elween Kurd|.lun
und l|e w|der l|dd|e Eu.l`
\e |uve lrude w|l| lrun, le|unon und l|e UlE. However, l|e
reule.l lrude we |uve |. w|l| Tur|e,, ow|n lo |l. |||-quu||l,
THE \lSlDN S
producl. und l|e |mprovemenl o our po||l|cu| re|ul|on.||p w|l| |l.
D l|e I,I10 ore|n compun|e. currenl|, re|.lered under l|e
lnve.lmenl luw, uppro|mule|, b0 percenl ure Tur||.|.
lurl|ermore, lruq |u. .|ned u lolu| o 4B proloco|. w|l|
Tur|e, und |. p|unn|n lo con.lrucl lwo elru |r|de. over l|e
K|u|our R|ver |n unl|c|pul|on o l|e |ue |ncreu.e o lrude
l|rou| l|e l|ru||m K|u||| |und porl. T|e comp|el|on o l|e |||wu,
rom ler.|n lo Zu||o w||| u|.o uc|||lule und encourue lrude
|elween l|e.e lwo counlr|e..
Belween lu, Z009 und lu, Z0I0, I,444 new compun|e. were
re|.lered w|l| l|e KRL, u r|.e o u|mo.l I4 percenl |n one ,eur. D
l|e.e, I0S were ore|n compun|e.. T||. |ncreu.e emp|u.|.e. l|e
demund or |nve.lmenl und |u.|ne.. w|l||n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
\|ul wou|d ,ou .u, lo polenl|u| |nve.lor. |n order lo encourue
l|em lo come lo l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on`
lun, peop|e ure under l|e |mpre..|on l|ul |l lu|e. u |ruve per.on
lo come rom u ore|n counlr, und |nve.l |ere |n Kurd|.lun, |ul l
d|.uree. Beore l |ecume m|n|.ler und wu. |n l|e pr|vule .eclor,
l |nve.led more l|un S40 m||||on rom Tur|e, u. u ore|n |nve.lor
lo |u||d un lnlernul|onu| Buccu|uureule .c|oo| |n Er|||.
l recon|.e l|e Re|on u. u .ue |uven or m, |nve.lmenl.
neur-perecl .ecur|l,, erl||e |und, und un ullrucl|ve |u.|ne..
env|ronmenl lo en|unce econom|c deve|opmenl. ld encourue
un,one w|o |. l||n||n o |nve.l|n lo come und .ee or l|em.e|ve.
w|ul l||. Re|on |u. lo oer - l|e, wonl |e d|.uppo|nled.
Pr|me l|n|.ler 0r Bur|um Su|||
Further investment in industry will be
needed to increase Kurdistans exports
S4 THE \lSlDN
Professor 6ureth Stunsheld interviews Herish Muhurum,
Chuirmun of the 8ourd of nvestment for Kurdistun
How |. lrude und |nve.lmenl |e|n encourued, und w|ul |u.
|een done lo uc|||lule |nve.lmenl |n|l|ul|ve. |n Kurd|.lun`
\e ure |een u. u Bourd lo creule opporlun|l|e. or |nve.lmenl und,
l|rou| enucled |e|.|ul|on, we now |uve u |eu| rumewor| und
|n.l|lul|onu||.ed |nve.lmenl ucl|v|l|e.. ll |. c|eur nol on|, lo me, |ul
lo oul.|der. u. we||, l|ul l|e Bourd o lnve.lmenl |n purl|cu|ur und
l|e KRL |n eneru| ure mov|n |n lwo d|recl|on.. one d|recl|on |. lo
Encouru|n |nve.lmenl
The Tarin Hill development, which covers 4.8 sq km and is situated
18km from Erbil, is a self-contained community that represents a prime
example of investment opportunites in property and construction
mo||||.e l|e |n.l|lul|on. .o l|ul l|e, cun u|.or| |nve.lmenl |,
re||ev|n pre..ure on l|e polenl|u| |nve.lor., l|e ol|er |. |,
|n|l|ul|n ucl|v|l, under l|e lnve.lmenl luw.
Cun ,ou ep|u|n l|e lerm. o l|e lnve.lmenl luw und, purl|cu|ur|,,
w|el|er |ocu| owner.||p |. needed o compun|e. |nve.lmenl., u.
we|| u. l|e env|ronmenl l|ul |l creule. lo encourue |nve.lmenl`
T|e lnve.lmenl luw wu. de.|ned our ,eur. uo |, l|e Bourd o
lnve.lmenl lo |ve polenl|u| |nve.lor. un |ncenl|ve lo come lo
Kurd|.lun. ll oer. ore|ner., reurd|e.. o nul|onu||l, und
re|||on, un equu| opporlun|l, l|e, mu, nol el e|.ew|ere |,
prom|.|n ree|o|d owner.||p o properl, und prolecl|on rom
compu|.or, purlner.||p. T|o.e |nvo|ved w|l| l|e pu..|n o l||.
luw cureu||, con.|dered l|e env|ronmenl o Kurd|.lun und l|e
c||mule |n w||c| un, polenl|u| |nve.lmenl w||| lu|e p|uce, u. l|e
u|m |. nol on|, lo enerule mone, or Kurd|.lun. econom,, |ul
u|.o lo |r|n |now|ede und eper|ence lo l|e Re|on.
lurl|ermore, l|e Bourd o lnve.lmenl |u. lu|en .lep. lo
|mprove on l|e opporlun|l|e. we pre.enl |, |o|d|n d|.cu..|on. w|l|
our purlner., ullend|n conerence. und l|rou| mulc|mu||n
eerc|.e. w|l| our counlerpurl. |n ol|er counlr|e.. \e prov|de un
enl|re .upporl puc|ue, rom l|e momenl un |nve.lmenl propo.u|
|. .u|m|lled lo l|e Bourd, r||l l|rou| lo l|e mon|lor|n und
.uperv|.|n o u pro|ecl once |l |u. |een ||cen.ed.
Cun ,ou quunl|, l|e umounl o |nve.lmenl |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on`
Currenl|,, l|ere ure Z90 ucl|ve pro|ecl., enerul|n u|mo.l
SI4 |||||on o |nve.lmenl. T||. con.|.l. o ZS percenl ore|n d|recl
|nve.lmenl, ve lo .even percenl or |o|nl venlure. (m|ed
dome.l|c und ore|n |nve.lmenl.), und l|e re.l com|n rom
|nve.lor. w|l||n Kurd|.lun. lrom l||., u|mo.l S.S |||||on worl| o
pro|ecl. |uve |een comp|eled. lore|n d|recl |nve.lmenl |.
mo.l|, rom lru| counlr|e., purl|cu|ur|, l|e UlE und le|unon,
l|en Europe und l|e US.
\|ul mu|e. Kurd|.lun un ullrucl|ve |nve.lmenl propo.|l|on`
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. u purl o u ver, r|c| counlr,, |ul l|e
re.l o lruq |. nol qu|le reud, lo uccepl |nve.lmenl. T|e KRL
l|ereore env|.ued Kurd|.lun |e|n u ulewu, lo l|e re.l o lruq.
T||. concepl oer. un ullrucl|ve |nve.lmenl opporlun|l,, |ul
Kurd|.lun |l.e| |. u|.o ullrucl|ve. T|e KRL |u. u |eu| rumewor|
l|ul |ve. u|| prolecl|on w|||e |e|n open-m|nded und u||,
e|||e w|en deu||n w|l| polenl|u| |nve.lor.. loreover, l|e KRL.
w||||nne.. lo uc|now|ede und |l corrupl|on w|l||n l|e Re|on
|. unol|er ullrucl|ve quu||l,.
\|ul opporlun|l|e. ure ur|.|n l|ul |||u.lrule lo polenl|u| |nve.lor.
w|, Kurd|.lun |. un ec|l|n p|uce lo |e over l|e nel ve ,eur.`
So ur, we |uve |een lr,|n lo u.e l|e |eu| rumewor| we |uve
|mp|emenled lo overcome .oc|u| pro||em., .uc| u. |ou.|n. T|e
Bourd o lnve.lmenl |u. deve|oped un |n|l|ul|ve lo .upporl
|ow-|ncome um|||e. |n own|n u |ou.e, drumul|cu||, |mprov|n l|e
||e.l,|e. o commun|l|e.. lnol|er .eclor |n w||c| we |uve mude
|mprovemenl. |. l|ul o power und e|eclr|c|l,. T||. |||u.lrule. |ow
Kurd|.lun |u. .ucce..u||, lurned |l. .|orlcom|n. |nlo
opporlun|l|e. or ore|n |nve.lmenl.
loreover, l cun eu.||, .epurule Kurd|.lun. |nve.lmenl
ucl|v|l|e. |nlo lwo culeor|e., |nve.lmenl pro|ecl. w|l| qu|c|
relurn., .uc| u. l|e |u||d|n o |ou.e., und |on-lerm
|nve.lmenl., .uc| u. l|e |u||d|n o ve-.lur |ole|.. T|e.e
|on-lerm opporlun|l|e. |e|p lo promole l|e re|on o Kurd|.lun
|, mu||n |l un ullrucl|ve p|uce lo v|.|l und, u|l|mule|,, |nve.l |n.
lr|cu|lure |. un ureu l|ul de.perule|, need. lo |e
deve|oped. T|e Bourd o lnve.lmenl |. currenl|, wor||n |n
co||u|orul|on w|l| commun|l,-|u.ed orun|.ul|on. lo .upporl
urmer. |n o|n |uc| lo l|e|r v|||ue., |nlroduc|n l|em lo l|e
|nve.lor. w|o |uve purc|u.ed l|e |und und encouru|n l|em lo
wor| u. urmer. or l|em. T|e re.u|l |. l|ul urmer. eurn u |eller
wue und uc||eve u |eller .lundurd o ||v|n w|||e |ncreu.|n l|e
|eve| o producl|v|l, w|l||n l|e Re|on.
ln, nu| l|ou|l.`
Kurd|.lun .|ou|d |e con.|dered u. u mode| or |ow counlr|e. .|ou|d
|e '||v|n loel|er |n l|e l|dd|e Eu.l. T|ere ure mun, u.pecl. l|ul
ure deve|op|n qu|c|er l|un wu. lo |e epecled, .uc| u. democruc,,
w||c| |e|p. our overnmenl lo operule |n u more eecl|ve wu,.
Currenl|,, u |ure proporl|on o l|e re|on. nuluru| re.ource. |.
nol |e|n ul|||.ed lo |e.l udvunlue und we ure |een lo deve|op
.lrule|e. lo overcome l||.. T|e |nlenl|on |. lo wor| |n co||u|orul|on
w|l| |nve.lor. lo |mprove Kurd|.lun, und we w||| do l||. |, .end|n
oul l|e reu| me..ue rul|er l|un u m|.|eud|n one.
K_\`ek\ek`feY\_`e[fli
`em\jkd\ekjkiXk\^`\j`jkf
nfib`eZfccXYfiXk`fen`k_
`em\jkfijkf`dgifm\Bli[`jkXe
THE \lSlDN SS
THE 7
TH
INTERNATIONAL ERBIL TRADE FAIR
24 - 27 October 2011
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SB THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0
An interview with Fuluh Mustufu 8ukir, Heud of the
KR6s 0epurtment of Foreign Relutions
l|n|.ler Bu||r, u. ,ou |now, |nve.lor. und pr|vule-.eclor
repre.enlul|ve. ulluc| reul |mporlunce lo l|e u||||l, o l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on lo mu|nlu|n .lron re|ul|on. w|l| mem|er.
o l|e |nlernul|onu| commun|l,. Cun ,ou le|| u. u|oul l|e
deve|opmenl o l|e 0epurlmenl o lore|n Re|ul|on. und
|l. ro|e w|l||n l|e KRL`
T|e 0epurlmenl o lore|n Re|ul|on. (0lR) cume u|oul
|ecuu.e o u row|n need lo |eller coord|nule our |nlerucl|on
w|l| ore|n repre.enlul|ve. und v|.|lor.. ll wu., |n mun, wu,.,
u nuluru| prore..|on, und l |e||eve l|ul l|e depurlmenl now
.erve. un |mporlunl und un|que purpo.e or l|e KRL. Per.onu||,,
|l |u. |een u p|eu.ure und un |onor lo purl|c|pule |n u cr|l|cu|
u.pecl o KRL po||c,, creul|n purlner.||p. over.eu. und
.lrenl|en|n r|end.||p. w|l| |e, u|||e., |n coord|nul|on w|l|
lruq. ederu| lore|n l|n|.lr,.
ln eump|e o l||. |. l|e rup|d epun.|on o d|p|omul|c
repre.enlul|on. po.led |n Er|||, l|e cup|lu| o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
T|ere ure now Z0 .uc| oce., |nc|ud|n con.u|ule. eneru|,
em|u.., oce., lrude oce., und |onorur, con.u|.. T|e 0lR
promole. und uc|||lule. l|e ucl|v|l|e. o d|p|omul. |n l|e Re|on,
und l |e||eve l|ul l|e|r pre.ence und l|e|r conlr||ul|on. |uve
|eun lo mu|e u po.|l|ve und lun|||e |mpucl on our c|l|.en.. T||.
cun |e .een l|rou| wor|.|op. und .em|nur., v|.u .erv|ce., und
cu|luru| und educul|onu| prorum. u|| oered |, d|p|omul|c oce..
l .epurule u.pecl o l|e 0lR mundule |nc|ude. l|e
.uperv|.|on und coord|nul|on w|l| KRL oce. over.eu., w||c| now
num|er II. Dur oce. |n l|e Un|led Slule., l|e Un|led K|ndom,
Bu||d|n
re|ul|on.||p.
ucro.. |order.
Falah Mustafa Bakir
Be||um, Lermun,, lrunce, llu|,, Sweden, Spu|n, l|e l.|um|c
Repu|||c o lrun, Sw|l.er|und, und lu.lru||u |uve proved ver, u.eu|
|n .preud|n l|e word o l|e .ucce.. und econom|c opporlun|l|e.
lo |e ound |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
T|e 0lR u|.o .erve. u. l|e ||u|.on po|nl or coord|nul|on
w|l| l|e Un|led Nul|on., |l. uenc|e., und ol|er |nlernul|onu|
orun|.ul|on. or non-overnmenlu| orun|.ul|on..
Two pr|nc|p|e dul|e. dene l|e 0epurlmenl. uc|||lul|on o
l|e v|.|l. o oc|u| de|eul|on., und po||c, wor| or l|e .lunce
o l|e KRL u. |l |nlerucl. w|l| l|e oul.|de wor|d. Dur 0epurlmenl
deu|. pr|mur||, w|l| d|p|omul., und l|e e.lu|||.|menl o .lron l|e.
|u. proved lo |e un |mporlunl purl o l|e KRL .lrule,. l |e||eve
d|p|omuc, und econom|c ucl|v|l, o |und |n |und, und l|e KRL |.
u||, uwure o l|e |mporlunce o |l. d|p|omul|c urm |n promol|n
ore|n |nve.lmenl und ulure pro.per|l,.
\|ul |u. |uppened w|l||n l|e pu.l ,eur |n lerm. o l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on. re|ul|on.||p. w|l| l|e oul.|de wor|d`
T|e pu.l ,eur |u. |rou|l |mporlunl deve|opmenl. |n our
re|ul|on. w|l| l|e oul.|de wor|d. Kurd|.lun Re|on Pre.|denl
lu.oud Bur.un| |u. |een elreme|, ucl|ve, recenl|, v|.|l|n l|e
|eud. o .lule |n lrunce, Lermun,, llu|,, lu.lr|u, Tur|e,, E,pl,
Iordun, Suud| lru||u, le|unon, l|e Un|led Slule., l|e Un|led
K|ndom, und ol|er.. T|e Un|led Slule. ended |l. com|ul
operul|on. |n lruq, ump||,|n l|e |mporlunce o |l. d|p|omul|c
ucl|v|l, |ere. T|e 0epurlmenl o lore|n Re|ul|on. u..|.led |n l|e
drul|n o u leller o lnlenl |elween l|e KRL und lrunce, .|ned
|, Pre.|denl Bur.un| und lrenc| lore|n l|n|.ler Bernurd
Kouc|ner eur||er l||. ,eur, de.|ned lo url|er .lrenl|en l||.
|mporlunl purlner.||p.
THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0 S9
Pr|me l|n|.ler Bur|um Su||| |ed u |||-pro|e de|eul|on
ul l|e KRL Trude und lnve.lmenl Conerence |n london, urruned
|, l|e KRL-UK oce |n coord|nul|on w|l| our 0epurlmenl. T|e
conerence wu. u re.ound|n .ucce.. und |e|ped lo ru|.e our
pro|e u. u .lron econom|c p|u,er |n l|e l|dd|e Eu.l.
E,pl und Iordun |uve |ol| opened u|| con.u|ule. eneru|
|n Er|||. T|e.e dec|.|on. ure u ver, |mporlunl .lep orwurd or our
re|ul|on. w|l| l|e lru| wor|d, und were uc||eved uler Pre.|denl
Bur.un| v|.|led |ol| counlr|e..
l|on w|l| u num|er o |mporlunl v|.|l. u|roud, l|e KRL
rece|ved ue.l. rom uround l|e wor|d |nlere.led |n |u||d|n
purlner.||p., ep|or|n econom|c opporlun|l|e., und deve|op|n
.lroner po||l|cu| l|e.. Severu| lrude m|n|.ler., |nc|ud|n l|o.e
rom Tur|e,, Sweden, l|e Un|led lru| Em|rule., Iordun, l|e
C.ec| Repu|||c, le|unon, und Lermun,, |uve u|| lruve|ed lo l|e
Re|on recenl|, w|l| |ure |u.|ne.. de|eul|on.. T|e US \|ce
Pre.|denl B|den und .everu| de|eul|on. o US po||l|cu| und
deen.e oc|u|. conducled repeuled v|.|l.. T|e 0lR |u.
epunded con.|deru||, u. l|e quunl|l, und d|p|omul|c |eve| o
ue.l. conl|nue. lo |ncreu.e, reecl|n l|e row|n |mporlunce
o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on on l|e eopo||l|cu| mup.
`our depurlmenl |u. eurned u repulul|on u. l|e 'condu|l |elween
l|e KRL und |nlernul|onu| repre.enlul|ve.. Cun ,ou de.cr||e l|e
eper|ence o u v|.|l|n de|eul|on |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on`
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, u. purl o lruq, |n|er|l. un |mue l|ul doe.
nol uccurule|, porlru, l|e reu| .|luul|on on l|e round. lor l||.
reu.on, v|.|l. ure o enormou. |mporlunce, und l|e KRL
encourue. de|eul|on. lo .ee l|e reu||l,. \e coord|nule c|o.e|,
w|l| l|e v|.|l|n overnmenl. ore|n m|n|.lr,, |nc|ud|n rev|ew|n
opl|on. or .pec|c .|le v|.|l. und purl|cu|ur .eclor-.pec|c ureu.
o |nlere.l. T|e 0lR u|.o en.ure. l|ul l|e de|eul|on u|.or|.
.ome o our cu|lure, u.uu||, |nc|ud|n u v|.|l lo l|e C|lude| und u
c|unce lo en|o, Kurd|.| cu|.|ne, |n udd|l|on lo oc|u| meel|n..
T|e depurlmenl |u. u Proloco| und 0e|eul|on. 0|reclorule
lo |und|e |o|.l|c. und mu|nlu|n conl|nued commun|cul|on, und
un lnlernul|onu| Re|ul|on. 0|reclorule lo uddre.. .u|.lunl|ve
muller. w|l| ore|n repre.enlul|ve. on u du||, |u.|.. Sepurule|,,
our lnlernul|onu| Drun|.ul|on. 0|reclorule lu|e. l|e |eud on
l|e v|.|l. und prorum. o l|e Un|led Nul|on. uenc|e. und
non-overnmenlu| orun|.ul|on..
lrrun|n l|e.e v|.|l. requ|re. ullenl|on lo proloco|, |ul
u|.o cureu| ullenl|on lo l|e conlenl o l|e v|.|l, .o l|ul our ue.l.
o|lu|n u lrue .en.e o l|e Re|on w|||e enu|n |n l|e r||l .orl
o meel|n.. ll |u. |een m, p|eu.ure lo en.ure l|ul v|.|l|n
de|eul|on. lru|, under.lund l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. ln mun, cu.e.,
commun|cul|on und .u|.lunl|ve o||ow-up w|l| ue.l. uler .uc|
v|.|l. |. u. |mporlunl u. l|e v|.|l |l.e|. T|e 0lR |. u|wu,. uvu||u||e
lo ep|u|n l|e po||c, und l|e deve|opmenl. o l|e Re|on lo our
r|end. over.eu. und o||ow up on muller. o muluu| |nlere.l.
Dne o l|e pr|v||ee. o m, po.|l|on |. lo we|come und ||d
urewe|| lo our ue.l.. T|e mo.l common reucl|on |. l|e enu|ne
upprec|ul|on o our prore.., .lu||||l,, und pro.per|l,, w||c| |.
olen u p|eu.unl .urpr|.e or de|eul|on.. \|.|lor. rom neur und
ur ure umu.ed l|ul l||. |. |uppen|n |n lruq, und l donl l||n| l|e,
wou|d |uve |e||eved |l |ud l|e, nol .een l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
w|l| l|e|r own e,e..
0o ,ou |uve u me..ue l|ul ,ou wou|d |||e lo elend lo our
reuder. und lo polenl|u| |nve.lor. |u.ed on ,our eper|ence u.
Heud o l|e lore|n Re|ul|on. 0epurlmenl`
T|e KRL |u. |een deve|op|n l||. Re|on und l|e concepl o u
.ue, |nve.lor-r|end|, env|ronmenl .|nce I99Z. \e |uve
encounlered mun, o|.luc|e. und eorl. rom l|e ormer re|me
lo l|wurl our prore... ln l|e |u.l .everu| ,eur., our overnmenl
und our peop|e |uve |een u||e lo reu||, row und ep|ore our
opl|on. or u .lroner econom, und u |eller ||e. lnd u|l|ou|
l|ere ure .l||| c|u||ene. u|eud, l |e||eve we |uve u c|eur
v|.|on und .lron |euder.||p lo u|de u. lowurd. u .lu||e und
pro.perou. ulure.
T|e currenl .|luul|on |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. l|e re.u|l o
mun, decude. o |urd wor| und .lru|e. l um p|eu.ed lo |nv|le
|nve.lor., |u.|ne.. peop|e, overnmenl oc|u|., und d|p|omul. lo
come lo l|e Re|on und .|ure |n our .ucce...
Falah Mustafa Bakir welcomes US Vice-
President Joe Biden to the Region in 2009
b0 THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0
An interview with Aydin Selcen, Consul 6enerul for the
Republic of Turkey in Erbil
P|eu.e |ve u |r|e overv|ew o l|e currenl econom|c re|ul|on.
|elween l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on und Tur|e,.
Currenl|,, l|e |||uleru| |u.|ne.. vo|ume w|l| l|e re|on |.
USSb |||||on. Dur eporl vo|ume lo lruq |n Z0I0 wu. S1.S |||||on, o
w||c| 10 percenl |. lo lruq. Kurd|.lun Re|on (lKR). lore l|un |u|
l|e re|.lered ore|n |u.|ne..e. |n lKR ure rom Tur|e,. ln ol|er
Trucks and tankers queue
on the Turkish border to bring
their goods into the Region
word., 14I compun|e. rom Tur|e, ure |u.ed |n Er|||. So, | ,ou
lu|e lKR u. un |ndependenl enl|l,, or .lul|.l|cu| purpo.e., |l w|||
eu.||, |e umon.l l|e lop I0 |u.|ne.. purlner. o Tur|e,.
l. Con.u| Leneru|, w|ul lurel. d|d ,ou .el |n order lo .lrenl|en
l|e re|ul|on.||p |elween l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on und Tur|e,`
Tur|e, |. one o l|e u.l-deve|op|n nul|on.. Dur econom|c rowl|
rule |n Z0I0 |. B.9 percenl. So, econom|cu||, .peu||n, we |ud |||
Tur||.| |nve.lmenl. deve|op|n
duru||e re|ul|on.||p.
THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0 bI
Turkeys Prime Minister Recep Tayyip
Erdogan is welcomed to the Kurdistan
Region by President Masoud Barzani
u.p|rul|on. or l|e ulure o our |||uleru| re|ul|on.. l|r.l|,, we nol|ced
l|e need or Tur||.| |un|. w|l||n l|e lKR. Now, |n ureemenl w|l|
ln|uru und Bu|dud, l|ree o l|e ||e.l Tur||.| |un|. e.lu|||.|ed
u||, operul|onu| |runc|e. |n Er|||, Z|ruul Bun|u.|, \u||ur Bun|u.|
und l. Bun|u.|. Second|,, |l wu. |mperul|ve l|ul Tur||.| l|r||ne. (TH`)
oered reu|ur ||l. lo und rom l|e re|on. TH` l.lun|u|-Er|||
||l. .lurl on l|e I4l| o lpr|| Z0II. T||. |n udd|l|on lo lTllS Iel
w||c| u|reud, |e. .even du,. u wee| lo lKR rom l.lun|u|.
\|ul ol|er .|n|cunl deve|opmenl. ure ,ou wor||n on`
T|e Hu|ur |order ule, |elween Zu||o und Tur|e,, wu.
re|u||||luled u coup|e o ,eur. uo |, l|e Un|on o Tur||.|
C|um|er. o Commerce (TDBB.). However, lodu, we |uve |e..
l|un u|| cupuc|l, w|l| reurd lo lrun.porlul|on |eve|. even l|ou|
we |uve more l|un I,S00 lruc|. und B00 pr|vule ve||c|e. cro..|n
rom euc| .|de lo l|e ol|er per du,. ll |. our |nlenl|on lo
.|n|cunl|, epund on l||. |, |ncreu.|n l|e num|er o cu.lom.
oc|u|. und operule u Z4-|our, .even-du,.-u-wee|, .erv|ce.
ldd|l|onu||,, l|e |u||d|n o un ud|ucenl |r|de lo l|e one u.ed or
|n|ound lruc rom lruq |. env|.ued.
lurl|ermore, l|ere ure u|reud, our Tur||.| o|| compun|e.
|u.ed |n l|e Re|on-Lene| Ener,, Pelo||, Pelroque.l und 0oun
Ener,. ln lerm. o deve|opmenl, l|ou|, |l |. elreme|, |mporlunl
l|ul we connecl l|e o|| und u. re.ource. uvu||u||e |n lruq lo
Tur|e,, .lurl|n w|l| our ne|||our|n re|on.
ln lerm. o Tur||.| |nve.lmenl opporlun|l|e. |n l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on, w|ul deve|opmenl. do ,ou con.|der l|e mo.l .ucce..u|,
und w|ere |u. l|ere |een room or |mprovemenl`
ln lerm. o .ucce.., l|e Tur||.| con.lrucl|on |ndu.lr, |. |,
ur our reule.l deve|opmenl, |e|n ruled u. num|er one,
conlrucluu||, .peu||n. ln udd|l|on lo new |nru.lruclure.,
.un|lul|on-|rr|ul|on pro|ecl. und dum., u vu.l mu|or|l, o
|u||d|n. |n lKR |uve |een |u||l |, Tur||.| con.lrucl|on compun|e..
Bol| Er||| lnlernul|onu| und Su|u,mun|,u u|rporl. ure eump|e. o
|u.l u ew uccomp||.|ed pro|ecl..
However, de.p|le our .lrenl| |n conlrucl|n und lrude
w|l||n l|e Re|on, we were nol .o .|n|cunl |n d|recl |nve.lmenl
unl|| recenl|,. lmon l|e ew |nve.lmenl. c|led were Er||| Slee|
und B|||enl lnlernul|onu| Sc|oo|-|ol| |nve.lmenl. ure worl|
S40 m||||on euc|. \e needed lo encourue more Tur||.| |nve.lor.
lo come lo l|e Re|on. B, l|e end o Z0I0, l|e Tur||.| |nve.lmenl
vo|ume |ud .|n|cunl|, |ncreu.ed, w|l| u lurel lo .urpu..
SI |||||on |, l|e end o Z0II. T||. wu. u re.u|l o d|recl |nve.lmenl
|n con.lrucl|on muler|u| uclor|e. loel|er w|l| |eu|l| .eclor.
loo||n orwurd, w|ul ure l|e c|u||ene. und opporlun|l|e. l|ul
||e u|eud or Tur|e, und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on`
T||n. ure |oo||n ver, po.|l|ve or l|e ulure. Re|ul|on.
|elween Tur|e, und l|e lruq| Kurd|.lun Re|on |uve |mproved
.|n|cunl|,. T|e v|.|l. |, l|e Tur||.| Pr|me l|n|.ler, lr Recep
Tu,,|p Erdoun, lo Er||| |n lurc| Z0II und |, Pre.|denl lu.oud
Bur.un| lo Tur|e, |n Iune Z0I0 were |ol| o ||.lor|cu|
|mporlunce. ln Z0I0, Tur|e,. lore|n lnler|or und lore|n
Trude l|n|.ler. euc| lw|ce v|.|led Er|||, und l|e Nul|onu|
Educul|on l|n|.ler v|.|led once. T|ere were u|.o v|.|l. |, l|e
Lovernor. o lurd|n und ld|,umun prov|nce..
\e ure conl|nuou.|, wor||n lowurd. d|ver.|,|n und
deve|op|n duru||e und .u.lu|nu||e re|ul|on.||p.. Tur|e,. overu||
lurel |. u|| econom|c |nlerul|on w|l| lruq, u. c|led |, our Pr|me
l|n|.ler dur|n ||. v|.|l lo Bu|dud. However, l|e ||e.l
c|u||ene l|ul .l||| ||e. u|eud |. l|e |l uu|n.l lerror, even
l|ou| we ure wor||n loel|er lo re.o|ve l||.. \e ure nol .luc|
|n l|e pu.l, |ul |oo||n orwurd lo u |eller ulure.
bZ THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0
The Kurdistun Trude und nvestment Conference Z0I0 in
London conhrmed the KR6s commitment to promoting
internutionul commerce, writes Tom Hurdie-Forsythe
l r.l enlered Kurd|.lun |n lruq |n lurc| I99I. T|en l wu. u Br|l|.|
lrm, ocer, purl o Dperul|on Sue Huven. Dur m|..|on wu. lo
prolecl l|e len. o l|ou.und. o peop|e w|o |ud run or l|e|r ||ve.
|nlo l|e mounlu|n., pur.ued |, Suddum Hu..e|n. orce.. T|e
.urround|n |und.cupe wu. |||e u moon.cupe, ru|||e und ,el more
ru|||e, due lo l|e de.lrucl|on o over 4,000 v|||ue. |n Suddum.
lnu| enoc|de cumpu|n uu|n.l l|e peop|e o l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on. \|ul l cou|d nol .ee l|en wu. l|e lrue |uc|drop o u
peop|e po..e..|n |ol| remur|u||e re.|||ence und u cupuc|l, or
more l|un |u.l .urv|vu|.
Neur|, lwo decude. |uler, |uv|n .penl .ome l|me u. |ol|
w||||n p|u,er und o|.erver |n u remur|u||e lrun.ormul|on o l||.
|und-en|neered mu|n|, |, u.lule KRL munuemenl |n
purlner.||p w|l| |nlernul|onu| uenc|e., NLD., und |u.|ne..
|nlere.l.-l ound m,.e| .|ll|n |n u |ole| |oune |n l|e C|l, o
london, rem|n|.c|n u|oul |ow muc| |u. c|uned. l .u|d lo Bu,un
Sum| l|du| Ru|mun, l|e KRL. H|| Repre.enlul|ve lo l|e UK, 'ln
I99I, we cou|d |ure|, el .| peop|e |n u room lo lu|| u|oul
Kurd|.lun. 'Now we |uve b00! .|e rep||ed.
T|e.e were l|e de|eule. w|o ul|ered |n london or l|e
Kurd|.lun Trude und lnve.lmenl Conerence |n Iune Z0I0. T|e,
cume lo |eur rom l|e KRL und l|e pr|vule .eclor u|oul w|, l|e,
.|ou|d do |u.|ne.. w|l| l|e Re|on. ll wu. u le.lumenl lo l|e
KRL. .er|ou.ne.. |n promol|n |nlernul|onu| commerce l|ul
Pr|me l|n|.ler Bur|um Su||| und .even o ||. cu||nel m|n|.ler.
cume lo .peu| ul l|e conerence.
\|||e lrude de|eul|on. rom uround l|e wor|d |uve v|.|led
Kurd|.lun und our c|um|er. o commerce |uve lruve|ed
elen.|ve|,, l|e KRL wunled lo |nlroduce l|e Re|on lo compun|e.
und |ournu||.l. l|ul |ud nol ,el v|.|led or |new ||ll|e o |l.
london conerence p|uce.
Kurd|.lun cenler .lue
Bu,un Sum| l|du| Ru|mun orun|.ed l|e conerence
|now|n l|ul l|ere wou|d |e .ome |nlere.l |n our emer|n mur|el,
|ul .|e und |er co||euue. were l|r|||ed w|en l|e conerence
|ecume over.u|.cr||ed und u|| lo cupuc|l,.
T|e lwo-du, evenl |ud u |u.., w|l| de|eule. m||||n uround
|n l|e |reu|. und |ournu||.l. rom CNBC, l|e BBC, T|e Luurd|un,
T|e \u|| Slreel Iournu|, und l|e new.w|re. |nlerv|ew|n l|e
|||-pro|e .peu|er. |n l|e pre.. room. T|e Br|l|.|, |nlernul|onu|,
und l|dd|e Eu.lern med|u were purl|cu|ur|, |een lo |nlerv|ew
Pr|me l|n|.ler Su||| und l|e l|n|.ler o Nuluru| Re.ource.,
0r l.|l| Huwrum|.
lmon l|e ol|er .peu|er. were lmer|cun und Em|rul|
overnmenl oc|u|., |nc|ud|n Burone.. \||co, Burone..
S,mon., Burone.. N|c|o|.on, und lore|n Dce l|n|.ler l||.lu|r
Burl. T|e conerence uve Burl und Burone.. N|c|o|.on udded
encouruemenl lo v|.|l Er||| or l|e r.l l|me, und |ol| |uve now
.een |l or l|em.e|ve..
ln l|e p|unn|n, l|e KRL e|l |l wu. |mporlunl or Kurd|.lun.
pr|vule .eclor lo |e oul |n orce. 0e|eul|on. rom Kurd|.lun.
c|um|er. o commerce und l|e Conlruclor. Un|on ew |n, und
l|e c|u|rmun o mo|||e operulor l.|uce||- one o l|e Re|on.
||e.l compun|e.-uddre..ed l|e conerence. ll wu. u|.o v|lu| lo
.|ow l|ul Kurd|.lun |. |, no meun. u |uc|wuler. Repre.enlul|ve.
rom HSBC, luure, Pep.|-Co|u Boll||n, `ouLov, und lu.lr|un
l|r||ne. lu||ed u|oul l|e .ucce.. l|e, |uve en|o,ed .o ur u.
mu|l|nul|onu|. l|ul |uve mude un eur|, enlr,.
ll wu. |eurlen|n lo .ee .en|or ure. |n l|e lruq|
overnmenl .|ow|n l|e|r .upporl or l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
um||l|on.. ln l|e|r .peec|e., luw.| Hur|r|, lruq. l|n|.ler o lndu.lr,
und l|neru|., und 0r Sum| l|-lru||, c|u|rmun o lruq. Nul|onu|
lnve.lmenl Comm|..|on, conrmed l|ul Kurd|.lun |. l|e .ue und
.ecure ulewu, lo do|n |u.|ne.. |n l|e re.l o lruq.
l c|u|red u .e..|on on ur|cu|lure und .po|e ul unol|er on
overnunce. ln, percepl|on l|ul l|e on|, .er|ou. |nlere.l ul l|e
THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0 b
conerence wu. |n |,drocur|on. wu. .oon d|.m|..ed |, l|e |||
ullendunce ul l|e.e .e..|on. und .u|.equenl o||ow-up..
T|e l|n|.ler or H||er Educul|on und Sc|enl|c Re.eurc|,
0r 0|uwer l|ul|deen, .po|e |one.l|, u|oul l|e c|u||ene. |e
uced und l|e comm|lmenl o l|e KRL lo |mprov|n educul|on
und re.eurc| .lundurd.. Dn l|e |uc| o l|e conerence,
repre.enlul|ve. rom S|ee|d Hu||um und le|ce.ler un|ver.|l|e.
ure now v|.|l|n Er||| und d|.cu..|n ec|une., lru|n|n, und
Kurd|.| re.eurc| upp||cunl.. l|.o, l|e l|n|.lr, o lr|cu|lure
und \uler Re.ource., |n purlner.||p w|l| Kurd|.| |undowner.
und urmer., |uler .pon.ored u .lund ul l|e \or|d lru|l und
\eelu||e Epo |n london.
Kurd|.lun opened up lo l|e wor|d |n eurne.l rom Z00.
T|e london Conerence wu. un |mporlunl m||e.lone, .|nu||n
u new und even more um||l|ou. .lue o deve|opmenl, und
po|nl|n l|e wu, u|eud lo even more ec|l|n po..|||||l|e..
Images from the London conference: (from top right) Prime Minister Barham Salih gives his speech; Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman, KRG High Representative
to the UK, speaks to delegates; Dilshad Barzani, KRG Representative to Germany, with his counterpart in the United States, Qubad Talabani
b4 THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0
8uyun Sumi Abdul Ruhmun, the KR6s High
Representutive to the UK, describes the deepening
relutionship between Kurdistun und 8rituin
l r.l relurned lo Kurd|.lun |n I99Z u. u ed||n reporler, uler
row|n up |n e||e |n l|e UK. l v|.|led mun, p|uce., |nc|ud|n
Hu|u||u, u c|l, |n ru|||e w|l| um|||e. ||v|n umon l|e ru|n. und
mun|l|on. .|e||.. lour ,eur. eur||er, Suddum. orce. |ud |om|ed
l|e c|l, w|l| convenl|onu| weupon. |eore ulluc||n |l w|l|
c|em|cu|., |||||n S,000 peop|e und |n|ur|n l|ou.und. more. ll
l|e l|me o l|e ulluc| on Hu|u||u und ol|er Kurd|.| commun|l|e.
|n lruq, l|e Kurd|.| d|u.poru |n Br|lu|n |e|d demon.lrul|on. und
|o|||ed l|e Br|l|.| overnmenl, pur||umenl und med|u. ll .eemed
l|ul our uppeu|. lo .lop Suddum Hu..e|n. enoc|de cumpu|n,
und lo |e|p our e||ow Kurd., e|| on deu eur..
luc| |u. c|uned .|nce l|en. lruq |u. |een |||eruled |,
l|e UK, US und ol|er. l|ul |o|ned l|e cou||l|on, Suddum |. no
|oner, und lruq. pur||umenl und Supreme Courl |uve recon|.ed
|ol| l|e ulluc| on Hu|u||u und l|e lnu| operul|on u. enoc|de.
Br|l|.| lP. und peer. mur| l|e unn|ver.ur, o l|e enoc|de |n
pur||umenl unnuu||,.
T|ere |. .l||| u reul deu| lo do, |ul |l |. u|r lo .u, l|ul
Kurd|.lun |u. |een lrun.ormed und l|ul l|e lrun.ormul|on |u.
|een noled |, l|e UK overnmenl, pur||umenl, |u.|ne..
commun|l, und |n.l|lul|on.. Severu| |||-|eve| v|.|l. on |ol| .|de.
.|nce l|e |||erul|on |n Z00, numerou. lrude de|eul|on., und
enuemenl |, |n.l|lul|on. reecl deepen|n d|p|omul|c l|e.
|elween Kurd|.lun und Br|lu|n.
ln Z00S, l wu. uppo|nled l|e KRL. H|| Repre.enlul|ve lo
l|e UK. T|e oce, w|l| u ,oun und delerm|ned leum, |. u d,num|c
und ucl|ve d|p|omul|c m|..|on |n london. T|e |o| |. mude u|| l|e
Repre.enl|n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|onu|
Lovernmenl |n london
KRG Prime Minister Barham Salih meets
UK Foreign Secretary William Hague
THE \lE\ lRDl lBRDl0 bS
eu.|er |, Kurd|.lun. ||.lor|c ||n|. w|l| l|e UK, .uc| u. w|l|
Br|lu|n. l|ree mu|n po||l|cu| purl|e. und .ome o |l. |eud|n
po||l|cu| ure., w|o.e |nlervenl|on. |n lruq |uve .uved ||ve..
lurl|ermore, |n l|e currenl KRL cu||nel, l|e Pr|me l|n|.ler und
l|ree m|n|.ler. were educuled |n l|e UK.
Be.|de. mu|nlu|n|n re|ul|on. w|l| l|e lore|n und
Commonweu|l| Dce, l|e KRL UK Repre.enlul|on wor|. w|l|
l|e Br|l|.| overnmenl. |nve.lmenl urm, UK Trude und lnve.lmenl
(UKTl), u. we|| u. w|l| .everu| lrude u..oc|ul|on., un|ver.|l|e.,
l||n| lun|., cu|luru| orun|.ul|on. und non-overnmenlu|
orun|.ul|on. (NLD.). Some eump|e. |nc|ude l|e \e.lm|n.ler
loundul|on or 0emocruc,, l|e Nul|onu| Sc|oo| o Lovernmenl,
ucudem|c |n.l|lul|on. .uc| u. l|e Un|ver.|l, o Eeler, und l|e
Sporl. Counc|| or \u|e..
T|e Repre.enlul|on |. |u.ed |n london, |ul endeuvor. lo
deepen l|e ||n|. |elween Kurd|.lun und Scol|und, \u|e. und
Norl|ern lre|und, u. we|| u. En|und und l|e UK u. u w|o|e. T|e
mo.l recenl eump|e o l||. |. u v|.|l |, our oce lo Be|u.l |n
Seplem|er Z0I0 lo meel Norl|ern lre|und. lrude m|n|.ler, w||c|
wu. o||owed |, u v|.|l lo Kurd|.lun |, lnve.l Norl|ern lre|und, l|e
re|on. |eud|n |nve.lmenl promol|on un|l.
lncreu.|n|,, Kurd|.lun. p|volu| ro|e |n lruq und l|e l|dd|e
Eu.l |. |e|n recon|.ed |n l|e UK. Kurd|.lun |. purl o lruq und ul
l|e |eurl o l|e l|dd|e Eu.l, |l |. ul l|e cro..roud. o S||u und
Sunn| l.|um, und |ome lo C|r|.l|un. und `e.|d|..
T|e Kurd|.| |euder.||p |u. .|own |l. u||||l, lo |e|p e||ow
lruq|. oul o u cr|.|. or .lu|emule. lor eump|e, Kurd|.lun |u.
|ecome u .ue |uven or C|r|.l|un. e.cup|n l|e v|o|ence |n ol|er
purl. o lruq. lnol|er recenl eump|e |. Pre.|denl Bur.un|.
|n|l|ul|ve lo |r|n l|e lruq| po||l|cu| ||oc. loel|er lo orm u
overnmenl uler e||l monl|. o deud|oc|, u move we|comed |,
Br|lu|n. lore|n Secrelur,, \||||um Huue.
Br|l|.| compun|e. ure u|.o |ncreu.|n|, .ee|n Kurd|.lun u.
u peuceu|, v||runl de.l|nul|on or |nve.lmenl, und u. l|e
commerc|u| ulewu, lo lruq. UKTl |ed l|e |ure.l Br|l|.| lrude
de|eul|on lo Kurd|.lun |n Dclo|er Z0I0 lo purl|c|pule |n l|e Er|||
lnlernul|onu| Trude lu|r, u |reu|l|rou| l|ul o||owed l|e
.ucce..u| Kurd|.lun Trude und lnve.lmenl Conerence |n london
u ew monl|. eur||er.
ln unol|er .|n o .lrenl|en|n re|ul|on., l|e Br|l|.|
Em|u.., Dce |n Er||| w||| |e upruded lo u u|| con.u|ule, und u
UKTl mem|er o .lu |u. |een uppo|nled lo l|e oce.
Dur me..ue lo Br|lu|n |u. |een l|ul |l |. |n |er .lrule|c
|nlere.l lo enue w|l| Kurd|.lun-u ed||n democruc, |n u
re|on w|l| ew eump|e. o mu|l|-purl, .,.lem., e|ecl|on. or
comm|lmenl lo d|u|oue und con.en.u.. l. one Br|l|.| lP
recenl|, o|.erved, l|e coe|.lence o l|e vur|ou. commun|l|e.
|n Kurd|.lun-Kurd., Tur|men, Cu|do-l..,r|un., lu.||m.,
C|r|.l|un., `e.|d|. und ol|er .ecl. und re|||on., und re.pecl or
Iudu|.m-mu|e. Kurd|.lun u rure eump|e o lo|erunce und
d|ver.|l, |n l|e l|dd|e Eu.l.
T||. me..ue o peuce, prore.. und .|ured |nlere.l. |. ul
l|e |eurl o l|e KRL UK Repre.enlul|on. wor| |n london.
l |uve v|.|led Hu|u||u mun, l|me. .|nce I99Z, mo.l recenl|,
w|l| u roup o Br|l|.| lP. und peer.. lo||ow|n l|e|r v|.|l, l|e,
p|eded lo wor| lowurd. |nlernul|onu| recon|l|on o l|e Kurd|.|
enoc|de-|||u.lrul|n |u.l |ow ur we |uve come |n ru|.|n
Kurd|.lun. pro|e |n Br|lu|n.
Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman speaks at the
KRG London trade conference in June 2010
Prime Minister Salih, UK Minister for the Middle East and
North Africa Alistair Burt and Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman
bb CDllERClll PRDPERT`
Viun Ruhmun, of the Kurdistun Regionul 6overnments
UK Representution, describes how the expunding
retuil und leisure sectors ure driving investment in
commerciul property
New commerc|u| |u||d|n. ure c|un|n l|e uce o Kurd|.lun. c|l|e.
or re.|denl., |u.|ne.. peop|e, und lour|.l. u|||e. T|e mur|el. mu|n
lrend |. currenl|, lowurd relu||-.uc| u. |,permur|el., .|opp|n
mu||., und .pec|u||.l .lore.-und re.luurunl., |e|.ure uc|||l|e., und
|ole|.. T|e relu|| cu|lure |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. .lron und
|ecom|n more poweru|, w|l| ||| per-cup|lu epend|lure on
con.umu||e ood., ood, und enlerlu|nmenl. T|ere |. .|ower, |ul
.leud,, rowl| |n oce und |u.|ne.. prem|.e., u|l|ou| mun,
compun|e. .l||| u.e re.|denl|u| |u||d|n. u. oce .puce.
S|nce l|e |||erul|on o lruq |n Z00, l|e commerc|u| properl,
mur|el |u. c|uned comp|ele|,. ln eecl, l|ere wu. no
commerc|u| mur|el u. mo.l |u.|ne..e. were run rom |ure
dwe|||n., und u ew |ure |u||d|n. were run u. |ole|.. Now u
comp|ele lurnuround |. we|| under wu,, w|l| ore|n urc||lecl.
|r|n|n ood de.|n. lo l|e mur|el. 0eve|oper. rom |ol|
Kurd|.lun und u|roud ure, or l|e r.l l|me, u.|n |nlernul|onu|
|u.|ne.. mode|. or l|e|r pro|ecl..
luclor. |nuenc|n l|e mur|el |nc|ude u c|ron|c .|orlue
o relu|| und |u.|ne.. prem|.e.. lruq. ormer Buul| re|me
|nlenl|onu||, |e|d |uc| econom|c prore.. |n Kurd|.lun, und l|e
Re|on wu. under u dou||e em|uro |n l|e I990.. S|nce Z00, l|e
pr|vule .eclor, .upporled |, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl
(KRL), |u. |een |u||d|n |n eurne.l. 0emund |u. |een ue|ed |,
l|e KRL. po||c|e. on |,drocur|on., u |||eru| |nve.lmenl |uw und
pro|ecl ||cen.|n. Kurd|.lun. |u.|ne.. commun|l, und m|dd|e
c|u..e. now lruve| more requenl|, und |uve |eun lo under.lund
l|e |enel. o r.l-c|u.. commerc|u| properl,.
Two o l|e |ure.l commerc|u| properl, pro|ecl. under
con.lrucl|on ure Emp|re \or|d, cover|n one m||||on .q m und
Bu||d|n u |u| or
.|opp|n und lour|.m
|e|n deve|oped |, l|e Kurd|.| compun, lu|con Lroup, und u
I00,000.q m deve|opmenl |, Kuwu|l| rm KRE0Co. leunw|||e, |n
l|e cup|lu|, Kurd|.| con|omerule Sler Lroup |. deve|op|n u
|||-r|.e oce ||oc|, l|e Sler Tower.
Kurd|.lun. |u.|ne.. commun|l, |. .|ow|n remur|u||e
um||l|on, u w||||nne.. lo lu|e r|.|. w|l| |l. cup|lu| und u dr|ve lo
culc| up w|l| l|e Re|on und l|e re.l o l|e wor|d. ln |u.l u ew
,eur., Er|||, Su|u|mun|u, und 0o|u| |uve |ecome umou.
l|rou|oul lruq or l|e|r |e|.ure und .|opp|n uc|||l|e.. H|.lor|cu||,,
Kurd|.lun |u. |ud u |eu|l|, dome.l|c lour|.m |ndu.lr,, |ul now
l|ere ure l|e udded ullrucl|on. |n l|e c|l|e.. Hewu Lroup. lu||d|
lu|| |n Er||| und .everu| ol|er .mu||er mu||. ucro.. l|e Re|on ure
druw|n l|e m|dd|e c|u..e. und v|.|lor. |, .e|||n |nlernul|onu|
relu|| |rund. .uc| u. luno, Ecco, C|opurd, 0|e.e|, und lev|., und
oer|n l|e nove|l, o .upermur|el .|opp|n. lu||d| lu|| |.
mode|ed on Tur||.| .|opp|n comp|ee., |ul Hewu Lroup |.
p|unn|n lo |u||d u .econd mu|| mode|ed on we.lern Europeun
.|opp|n und |e|.ure comp|ee., |n purlner.||p w|l| Br|l|.|
commerc|u| properl, con.u|lunc, rm BT\S||e||..
\|l||n l|e |e|.ure .eclor, l|e cup|lu|. |e.l-|nown l|eme
pur| |. lum||, lun, lo w||c| owner 0ur|n Compun, p|un. lo udd u
.|opp|n cenler, |ce r|n|, c|nemu comp|e, und |ow||n u||e,. T|e
mu|| w||| |nc|ude lrunce. Curreour, l|e wor|d. .econd |ure.l
|,permur|el c|u|n. Suc| || nume., e|l|er d|recl|, or l|rou|
l|e|r l|dd|e Eu.l runc||.e ||cen.ee., ure now .|ow|n l|ul l|e,
|uve condence |n Kurd|.lun, u. u mur|el |n |l. own r||l und u. u
.ue ool|o|d or |uunc||n |nlo l|e re.l o lruq ul u |uler .lue.
l. Kurd|.lun |u. lurned |l.e| |nlo u |u| or |e|.ure und
|u.|ne.. v|.|lor., |ole|. und mole|. || up qu|c||, ul peu| l|me.. T||.
|u. ullrucled |nlernul|onu| |ole| operulor., w||c| w||| .oon |e|p lo
u||| .ome o l|e peu|-.eu.on demund. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu|
Lovernmenl. Bourd o lnve.lmenl |. |een l|ul l|e |||-end |ole|
|u||der. |uve ureemenl. w|l| e.lu|||.|ed operulor. ul un eur|,
.lue, lo en.ure l|e, w||| |e proper|, munued.
CDllERClll PRDPERT` b1
ln Su|u|mun|u, |ole| c|u|n l|||enn|um und Copl|orne |u.
mude un ureemenl lo operule u lr|o o our- und ve-.lur |ole|.
l|ul ure |e|n |u||l |, l|e Kurd|.| compun, luru| Lroup Ho|d|n.
ln Er|||, le|unon. Rolunu Hole| |. neur|n comp|el|on, und
Tur||.| operulor 0|wun w||| munue unol|er new |ole| l|ul |.
currenl|, under con.lrucl|on.
l. |n mo.l p|uce., |u||d co.l. ucluule mu|n|, w|l| l|e
pr|ce. o |o|u| commod|l|e., .lee|, und cemenl. However, l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on remu|n. uvoru||, pr|ced |n compur|.on lo
Europe, l|e Un|led Slule., und ne|||or|n counlr|e.. lor
deve|oper. und |und|ord., uverue rule. o relurn on .u|e. und
renl. ure |||er l|un l|e Europeun und US uverue |n mo.l
commerc|u| properl, .eclor..
Tur|e, |u. |ud u mu|or |nuence on commerc|u| properl,,
e.pec|u||, .|nce l|e .lrenl|en|n o po||l|cu| l|e.. lo.l udvunced
muler|u|. ure |rou|l |n rom or v|u Tur|e,, und l|e mu|or|l, o
|ure-.cu|e overnmenl und pr|vule pro|ecl. |uve un e|emenl o
Tur||.| |nvo|vemenl. C|ure. ure |||er l|un l|o.e o l|e|r lruq|
counlerpurl., |ul u commen.urule und we|comed |ncreu.e |n
quu||l, |u. |een uc||eved.
T|e c|u||ene. o |nve.l|n |n commerc|u| properl, ure |n
under.lund|n l|e mur|el d,num|c. w|en l|ere |. u |uc| o dulu,
und nd|n ood |ocu| purlner. l|ul |uve |nlernul|onu| .lundurd.
o prucl|ce und |u.|ne.. mode||n. T|e opporlun|l, pre.enled |.
u reene|d ureu po..e..|n eponenl|u| rowl| polenl|u| und
w|l| pro-mur|el cond|l|on. und reu|ul|on..
Bli[`jkXejYlj`e\jjZfddle`kp`jj_fn`e^
i\dXibXYc\XdY`k`fe#Xn`cc`e^e\jjkfkXb\
i`jbjXe[X[i`m\kfZXkZ_lgn`k_k_\I\^`fe
Xe[k_\i\jkf]k_\nfic[
Family Mall, Erbil The Mazi Supermarket, Dohuk
Shandihar Park, Erbil
New shopping complexes are modeled
on successful developments abroad
bB llNlNClll SER\lCES
Viun Ruhmun highlights the potentiul for investment in
the Kurdistun Region, covering ureus runging from
insurunce und bunking to mortguges und louns
l ,ou dr|ve uround Kurd|.lun. c|l|e. or l|e r.l l|me, ,ou m||l |e
.urpr|.ed ul l|e num|er o .||n, new SU\. und .edun. on l|e
roud., u .|n o l|e uuence l|ul .ome o l|e re.|denl. ure now
en|o,|n. \|ul. equu||, .urpr|.|n-|ndeed u|urm|n-|. l|ul ver,
ew o l|e cur., w|el|er new or o|der, ure |n.ured.
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl |. mu||n eorl. lo
recl|, l||. .|luul|on. l .lule-owned |n.urunce compun, |n |ud
Dpporlun|l|e. |n nunc|u| .erv|ce.
|een |n e|.lence |eore l|e I990., |ul l||. d|.|nleruled
o||ow|n l|e up|euvu| o l|e Lu| \ur. T|e KRL l|n|.lr, o l|nunce
|u. e.lu|||.|ed u nul|onu| |n.urunce compun, w|l| cup|lu| o
S |||||on, und |u. u|.o ||cen.ed l|ree pr|vule |n.urunce rm..
Dne o l|e.e |. SlurKur ln.urunce, w||c| |uunc|ed |n Z001 und |.
owned |, l|e Kurd|.| Sler Lroup.
\|||e, or mo.l |n.urunce need., peop|e w||| |e u||e lo
c|oo.e rom e|l|er l|e .lule compun, or pr|vule rm., l||rd-purl,
||u||||l, |n.urunce w||| |ecome mundulor, und w||| |uve lo |e lu|en
oul w|l| l|e overnmenl. Suc| u cur |n.urunce .c|eme u|reud,
operule. ucro.. l|e re.l o lruq.
The KRG is raising public
awareness of the benets
of using nancial services
llNlNClll SER\lCES b9
lor |u.|ne.. |n.urunce, rm. cun u.e |ocu| or ore|n
|n.urunce |ro|er., u. |on u. l|e |ro|er. |uve oce. or |runc|e.
re|.lered |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. T|e on|, |nlernul|onu| |ro|er lo
|e ||cen.ed |n lruq .o ur |. ln|o lru| ln.urunce Bro|er. (lllB),
w||c| recenl|, mude un ureemenl w|l| |o|u| |n.urunce .erv|ce.
compun, lur.| on ener,, power und uv|ul|on |n.urunce or lruq.
Currenl|,, po||c|e. ure rure nol on|, or ve||c|e., |ul u|.o or
||e, |eu|l|, |ome und |u||d|n, lruve|, und ol|er need.. T|ereore,
l|e opporlun|l|e. ure mun,. T|e c|u||ene |. lo ru|.e pu|||c
uwurene.. o l|e |enel. o |n.urunce re|ul|ve lo |l. co.l.
Bun||n .erv|ce. ure ur more e.lu|||.|ed l|un |n.urunce.
T|ere ure currenl|, more l|un B0 .lule und |n ece.. o S0 pr|vule
|un| |runc|e. |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. Trude Bun| o lruq (TBl),
w||c| wu. e.lu|||.|ed |, l|e ederu| overnmenl |n Z00 lo ||n|
lruq w|l| |nlernul|onu| |un|., prov|de. |eller. o cred|l und pro|ecl
nunce |oun.. ll urruned nunce lo lu.. L|o|u| lo deve|op
l|ree power enerul|on p|unl. |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, w||c| |u.
lrun.ormed l|e prov|.|on o mu|n. e|eclr|c|l, rom uround our
|our. lo Z0 |our. u du,.
However, w|||e |un|. ure uncl|on|n re|ul|ve|, we|| or lrude
nunce und lrun.ucl|on., mun, o l|e pr|vule |un|. |uve |ow
|oun-lo-depo.|l rul|o.. T|e lruq| .,.lem. u..el. ure .l|||
dom|nuled |, l|e .lule-owned |un|. Ru.|eed und Rudu|n,
uccord|n lo u Z001 USll0 reporl on lruq. |un||n .,.lem.
Neverl|e|e.., ore|n |un|. .l||| recon|.e l|e vu|ue o enler|n
l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on und lruq. HSBC |. u|reud, pre.enl under l|e
0ur E. Su|uum nume, und Slundurd C|urlered Bun|, w||c| |u. u
repre.enlul|ve |n Er|||, |. con.|der|n open|n u |runc| l|ere.
T|e le|une.e |uve u|reud, dec|ded lo u.e Kurd|.lun u.
l|e |uunc| pud or l|e|r lruq operul|on., w|l| B,||o., BBlC und
lnlerconl|nenlu|. Tur|e,. \u||Bun|, l.|un| und Z|ruul ure u|.o
p|unn|n |runc|e., on l|e |uc| o l|e ver, ||| vo|ume o lrude
l|ul Tur|e, en|o,. w|l| Kurd|.lun.
Neverl|e|e.., l|e deve|opmenl o nunc|u| .erv|ce. |.
pulc|,. \|||e l|e pre.ence o |un|. |. |ncreu.|n, l|e ew lTl.
l|ul cun |e ound |n Kurd|.lun olen donl uncl|on. T||. |. purl|,
|ecuu.e, .o ur, l|e num|er o |un| uccounl. |e|d |, l|e eneru|
9Xebje\\[kfY\n`cc`e^
kfkXb\dfi\i`jbjXe[
glYc`Z`q\k_\Y\e\kj
f]k_\`ij\im`Z\j
pu|||c |. |ow, .o l|e |u||l o o|n lo lTl. |u.nl ,el lu|en |o|d.
Peop|e ure u.ed lo |eep|n |ure .um. o mone, ul |ome und
|nve.l|n |l |n |und und properl,, rul|er l|un |n .uv|n. or .loc|.,
und mun, |u.|ne.. deu|. ure .l||| lrun.ucled |n cu.|. T|e l.|um|c
|uwu|u .,.lem o ore|n ec|une, |u.ed on lru.l, remu|n. .lron
und cun |e ound |n ever, c|l,. So, or |un|. lo mu|e l|e mo.l o
l|e opporlun|l|e., l|e, need lo |e w||||n lo lu|e more r|.|. und
pu|||c|.e l|e |enel. o l|e|r .erv|ce..
Lovernmenl |n|l|ul|ve. mu, u|.o |e|p lo c|une percepl|on.
und l|e re||unce on reud, cu.|. T|e KRL |. oer|n I0-,eur
morlue. rom u |ou.|n und lo enu||e overnmenl emp|o,ee.
und |ow-|ncome um|||e. lo |u, new |ome. |u||l |, pr|vule
deve|oper.. l|l|ou| l||. |. u overnmenl .c|eme, |l |. open|n
peop|e. e,e. lo l|e opporlun|l|e. oered |, morlue. und
|oun., und pr|vule |ender. .|ou|d evenluu||, ee| l|e |enel..
Kurd|.lun. um||l|ou. pro-mur|el po||c|e. |nc|ude .ell|n up
un Er||| Sloc| Ec|une. l|cen.ed |n le|ruur, Z0I0, l||. w||| |e
|u.ed on l|e mode| u.ed |n 0u|u| und l|u 0|u||. ll w||| oer
reuler e|||||l, or ore|n |nve.lor., uc|||lule l|e Re|on. cred|l
ow., und .l|mu|ule ||n|. lo l|e |nlernul|onu| |u.|ne.. commun|l,.
l|nunc|u| .erv|ce. currenl|, uccounl or on|, uround lwo per
cenl o u|| |u.|ne.. |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. \|l| u row|n pr|vule
.eclor need|n more .erv|ce., und reuler conlucl w|l| ol|er
counlr|e. creul|n u more .op||.l|culed con.umer, l|e nunc|u|
.erv|ce. .eclor |. |||e|, lo row .|n|cunl|,.
Cash is still the preferred
method of payment for
many business transactions
Fcrbes & Manhattan lno. ls an lnternatlcnal and prlvately funded lnvestment ocmpany wlth
assets ln 22 ocuntrles. we generate value fcr sharehclders by prcvldlng a suooessful
ocmblnatlcn cf assets, management, and flnanolng fcoused cn cll & gas, mlnlng, hcmeland
seourlty and agrloulture cppcrtunltles ln emerglng markets.
Thrcugh cur ocmpanles, vast Lxplcratlcn and Lcngfcrd Lnergy we are prcud tc lnvest ln the cll &
gas seotcr (ara Dagh and Chla Surkh explcratlcn blcoks) and suppcrt the eocncmlo grcwth and
develcpment cf the Kurdlstan Reglcn. 0ur partnershlp wlth the Kurdlstan Reglcnal Ccvernment wlll
enable future sustalnablllty and prcsperlty fcr the pecple cf Kurdlstan.
www.vastexplcratlcn.ocm
PR000 10 INVES1 IN 1HE
F010RE 0F K0R0IS1AN
www.lcngfcrdenergylno.ocm
www.fcrbesmanhattan.ocm
NlTURll RESDURCES 1I
lncreu.|n weu|l| w|l| o|| und u.
An interview with 0r Ashti Huwrumi, the KR6s
Minister of Nuturul Resources
`ou |uve now |een l|n|.ler o Nuluru| Re.ource. or our ,eur..
0o ,ou con.|der ,our lenure lo |e u .ucce..`
To dule, l um encourued |, l|e .ucce.. o l|e o|| und u. .eclor
|n Kurd|.lun, |ul |u||d|n up un |ndu.lr, u|mo.l rom .crulc| doe.
nol |uppen |ecuu.e o one per.on u|one. ll |. u re.u|l o l|e r||l
po||c|e., l|e r||l leum., l|e r||l po||l|cu| und econom|c c||mule,
l|e r||l l|m|n, und |r|n|n |n l|e r||l compun|e..
Remem|er l|ul, |ecuu.e o l|e po||c|e. o pu.l cenlru|
overnmenl. lowurd. Kurd|.lun, our Re|on wu. un econom|c
|uc|wuler. \e were never u||e lo |enel rom l|e weu|l| o nuluru|
re.ource. l|ul we u|wu,. |new wu. under our eel. lnd, even l|ou|
we en|o,ed .ome .ecur|l, under .e|-ru|e uler I99I, |l wu.nl unl||
l|e |||erul|on rom l|e Buul||.l. |n Z00, l|en l|e ederu| lruq|
con.l|lul|on |n Z00S, und l|e KRL o|| und u. |uw |n Z001, l|ul we
were u||e lo .el l|e oundul|on. lo nu||, ep|o|l our re.ource. or
l|e |enel o l|e peop|e o Kurd|.lun, u. we|| u. u|| o lruq.
\|ul |uve |een l|e mu|n uc||evemenl.`
\e |uve .|ned 4 producl|on-.|ur|n conlrucl. w|l| .ome 40
compun|e., |nvo|v|n Ib counlr|e.. T|e lDC. (|nlernul|onu| o||
compun|e.) |uve comm|lled .ome SI0 |||||on |nve.lmenl |n l|e
ener, .eclor |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. Dur d,num|c, pro-mur|el
upprouc| |. creul|n pr|vule-.eclor |u.|ne.. opporlun|l|e., nol
|u.l |n Kurd|.lun |ul ucro.. lruq. T|ou.und. o |o|. w||| re.u|l.
\e |uve reuc|ed l|e po|nl l|ul we cun |mp|emenl p|un.
qu|c||, lo eporl I00,000 |urre|. o o|| per du, (|pd), r|.|n lo
IS0,000 |pd |, l|e end o Z0II. B, Z0I4, Kurd|.lun w||| |e u||e lo
eporl ul |eu.l one m||||on |urre|. per du,. T|ul |. u reu.onu||e
producl|on |eve| lo epecl rom l|e re.erve. l|ul we unl|c|pule |n
Kurd|.lun. T|ere |uve |een e||l .|n|cunl o|| nd.. \e e.l|mule
l|e polenl|u| o|| re.erve. ul uround 4S |||||on |urre|.. l|| l||. meun. u
|ure |ncreu.e |n revenue. or lruq u. u w|o|e, |ven l|ul l|e counlr,
|. currenl|, produc|n |u.l over lwo m||||on |urre|. o o|| per du,.
How u|oul u.`
\e||, con.ervul|ve e.l|mule. pul l|e Re|on. re.erve. |elween
l|ree und .| lr||||on cu||c meler.. T||. pul. u. ul l||rd or ourl|
p|uce compured w|l| l|e e|.l|n .upp||er. o p|ped u. lo Tur|e,
und Europe. \e ure |oo||n ul l|e ec|l|n pro.pecl o .upp|,|n
u. lo l|e Nu|ucco p|pe||ne, w||c| w||| curr, u. rom l|e Cu.p|un
und lruq up lo l|e |eurl o Europe.
Dr Ashti Hawrami, the KRGs
Minister of Natural Resources
1Z NlTURll RESDURCES
ller we |uve deve|oped u u. r|d or dome.l|c u.e, l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on cun meel l|e |on-lerm .upp|, need. o
Tur|e, und Europe, |e|n u re||u||e u|lernul|ve lo e|.l|n u.
.upp||er.. ll |ome, we ure u|reud, u.|n u. lo |e|p w|l| power
enerul|on. C|l|.en. o l|e Re|on el uround Z0 |our. o
e|eclr|c|l, u du,, on uverue. T|ul. I4-Ib |our. more l|un
l|e, |ud u ew ,eur. uo, und I4-Ib |our. more l|un mo.l
c|l|.en. |n l|e re.l o lruq. T|ere |. .l||| muc| |urd wor| lo |e
done lo deve|op our u. re.erve., |ul |ere, u. w|l| o||, we w|||
|e dr|ven |, re.u|l. rul|er l|un |deo|o,.
L|ven l||. prore.. |n .uc| u .|orl .puce o l|me, w|, |uve ,our
po||c|e. mel w|l| .o muc| oppo.|l|on rom Bu|dud`
T|e new lruq |u. u new ederu| con.l|lul|on, w||c| |. l|e
corner.lone o ever,l||n we do. lrl|c|e. IIS und IZI(Z) |ve
re|on. |||e Kurd|.lun |eu| .upremuc, on muller. oul.|de l|e
ec|u.|ve power. o Bu|dud. ln l|e u|.ence o un, prov|.|on
ep||c|l|, .ue.l|n ol|erw|.e, lrl|c|e III, or ederu| overnmenl
conlro| over o||, |. l|ereore .u||ecl lo l|e |uw. o l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on. \e |e||eve |n |ol| l|e |eller und l|e .p|r|l o l|ul
At present, the Kurdistan
Region is exporting 100,000
barrels of oil per day

VeserrZa_rcs escorces Lc.

is rcoc c Le excrir_ cca,
cr he erer_, c cncrrcv.
www.wstrnzagros.com
1S NlTURll RESDURCES
Con.l|lul|on. \e |e||eve |n u enu|ne purlner.||p w|l| l|e ederu|
overnmenl, purl|cu|ur|, |n l|e o|| und u. .eclor. Bul |l mu.l |e
u purlner.||p o re.pecl und con.l|lul|onu||l,.
\|l| .ome peop|e, |l .eem., l|e o|d .lule-cenlru||.|n |u||l.
d|e |urd, |ul l l||n| l|ul l||. lendenc, w||| weu|en u. u|| l|e mu|or
po||l|cu| ||oc. now recon|.e l|e need lo ud|ere lo l|e ederu||.m
prov|.|on. u. .el oul |n l|e Con.l|lul|on. Bul, |one.l|,, l l||n| l|e
d|no.uur lendenc,, u. l cu|| l|em, |. |ecom|n el|ncl. lruq w||| |e
.lroner |, recon|.|n |l. d|erence.. l one-.|.e-l.-u||
upprouc| wonl wor|, |l never |u. wor|ed.
So ,ou ure |opeu| l|ul l|e |..ue. w|l| Bu|dud w||| |e re.o|ved`
l|.o|ule|,, we |uve wu.led our ,eur. uru|n, mov|n one .lep
orwurd und lu||n lwo .lep. |uc|-|l wu. u|| ver, ru.lrul|n.
l. u re.u|l, lruq |u. |o.l |||||on. |n muc|-needed revenue.
rom eporl. rom l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. T|e recenl po||l|cu|
|n|l|ul|ve o Pre.|denl Bur.un| lo |r|n loel|er .upporl or u new
ederu| udm|n|.lrul|on |n Bu|dud w|||, l |e||eve, u|.o |r|n u|oul
u |reu|l|rou| |n l|e o|| und u. .eclor. ll wu. one o l|e KRL.
cond|l|on. or .upporl|n lr lu|||| lo |e pr|me m|n|.ler.
Spec|cu||,, w|ul were ,ou u.||n or`
\e .u|d l|ul we wunled lo .ee u ederu| o|| und u. |uw und u
ederu| revenue-.|ur|n |uw |n p|uce |, l|e m|dd|e o Z0II. T|e.e
|uw. ure e..enl|u| or lruq. ulure .lu||||l, und pro.per|l,. \e .u|d
l|ul, even |eore l|en, we wunl lo re.ume eporl. u. .oon u.
po..|||e, u. u lemporur, meu.ure unl|| l|e.e |uw. ure enucled.
lnd we .u|d l|ul l|ere mu.l |e un end lo l|e po||c, o ||uc|||.l|n
New oil and gas elds are expected
to come online in the near future
1b NlTURll RESDURCES
compun|e. l|ul wor| |n Kurd|.lun rom operul|n |n l|e re.l o
lruq. T|ul reu||, wu. u wron po||c, udopled |, l|e o|| m|n|.lr, |n
Bu|dud, und |l wu. |urmu| lo lruq. So ur, we |uve |ud ver,
po.|l|ve .|nu|. rom lr lu|||| und we |oo| orwurd lo re.o|v|n
l|e.e |..ue. und mov|n on.
So w|ul w||| |e l|e nel .lep. or l|e o|| und u. .eclor |n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on`
\e||, o cour.e, we w||| .ee l|e re.umpl|on o eporl., und
pro|u||, one or lwo more e|d. w||| |e com|n on||ne |n l|e
nol-loo-d|.lunl ulure. \e w||| u|.o |e |mp|emenl|n und
deve|op|n our u. .lrule,. l. u re.u|l, we w||| |u||d more
rener|e., more power p|unl., ue|||n l|e r|.e o u .u.lu|nu||e
|ndu.lr|u| und ur|cu|luru| |u.e |n Kurd|.lun, und .erv|c|n l|e
row|n dome.l|c demund or ener,.
0own.lreum |. u|.o .omel||n we ure ocu.|n on,
pelroc|em|cu|. und .o on. \e uc||eve u|| l||. l|rou| u
l|orou||, modern, pro-mur|el upprouc| |n w||c| |nve.lor.
ure we|come. T|e .lule .|ou|d |e reu|ul|n, nol d|clul|n.
T|e o|| compun|e. |uve .|ure|o|der., |ourd. o d|reclor.,
und |nve.lor. |e||nd l|em. T|e ucl l|ul l|e, ure |ere |.
o|v|ou.|, |ecuu.e l|e, |||e w|ul we |uve, w|ul we .u,, our
mode|, our |eu| rumewor|, und l|e opporlun|l|e. l|ul e|.l |ere.
l udv|.e u|| wou|d-|e |nve.lor. lo come lo Kurd|.lun und .ee or
l|em.e|ve. l|e |ue und unpuru||e|ed pro.pecl. or |u.|ne...
The fuel and energy requirements of
Kurdistans consumers are on the rise
Genel Energy is one of the rst to explore for petroleum in the
Kurdistan Region of Iraq and today is the biggest investor and the
biggest reserve-holder in the KRG.
Following successful operations in Taq Taq, Genel Energy
expanded its interests to other Production Sharing Contracts
(PSCs) in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Taq Taq and Tawke
licence areas are at the development and production phase, and
Kewa Chirmila, Ber Bahr, Dohuk, Miran and Chia Surkh licence
areas at the exploration phase. Currently, Taq Taq and Tawke
have production capacities of 60,000 bopd and 50,000 bopd
respectively. Genel Energy is the operator under the Ber Bahr
PSC and co-operator in Taq Taq.
Genel Energys objective is to grow rapidly and with a view to
becoming a highly regarded global E&P company.
h|ger|a
|raq
0ameroon
0abon
CAMEROON
OPL 227
BIock 1
0 50 100 150 200 25
Kilometers
GABON
NIGERIA
EQUATORIAL
GUINEA
CONGO
SO TOM
&
PRINCIPE
BIock 2
BIock 4
BIock 3
Etame Marin
Kiarsseny
Awoun
Maghena
Iris Marin
Gryphon Marin
Rembou
IbekeIia
Panthere NZE
Ngosso
OML 137
OPL 291
OML 126
OML 123
OML 124
JDZ
Epaemeno
N
A T L A N T I C
O C E A N
Sinopec
Addax Petroleum
Iroko
Okwok
Douala
Libreville
Calabar
Warri
Port Harcourt
Yaound
Buea
Kumba
Victoria
Port Gentil
Bata
Malabo
Aba
Kribi
Mayumba
Sangaw North
Taq Taq
Kewa ChirmiIa
IRAQ
Lotus
Ozigo
Salsich
OML64
OML66
Stubb Creek
A FAST 680w|h6 Ah0 V|S|0hA8Y 00NPAhY
Adda/ Pe||c|eur | a uo|d|a|] c| ||e S||cpe: |cup, c|e c| ||e |a|e| c|| a|d a p|cdu:e| ||
C|||a, ||e o|e| c|| |e|||e| || A|a a|d ||e ||||d |a|e| Wc||dW|de.
Adda/ Pe||c|eur Wa |cu|ded || 1994 upc| |ead|| pe||c|eur ||du||] e/pe|||e a|d a deep
|cc|ed u|de||a|d|| a|d |epe:| |c| A|||:a| :u||u|e. 0.e| ||e ]ea|, Adda/ Pe||c|eur |a e.c|.ed
||cr a ]cu| p|c|ee| |||c a| e|ao|||ed |||e||a||c|a| c|| a|d a, e/p|c|a||c| a|d p|cdu:||c|
:crpa|] || we| A|||:a a|d ||e ||dd|e Ea|.
w||| a| a.e|ae c|| p|cdu:||c| || e/:e c| 180 |oo|/d, ||e Ccrpa|] |a a ||| (ua|||] ae| oae
:c||||| c| a |uroe| c| c||c|e a|d c|||c|e p|cdu:||, e/p|c|a||c| a|d de.e|cpre|| p|cpe|||e
|| \|e||a, aoc|, Care|cc| a|d ||e |u|d||a| Re|c| c| ||a(.
S|u|d] |cu|da||c| a|e ||e |e] |c ou||d|| a ||c| a|d u|a||ao|e ou||e.
T|e |cW|| ||a| We |a.e a:||e.ed |c da|e |a oee| d||.e| o].
A cont|nuous deve|opment of our techn|ca| expert|se
we |a.e a p|c.e| ||a:| |e:c|d c| erp|c]|| ad.a|:ed |e:||c|c|:a| e/pe|||e a|d ||.e||| ||
|a:|||||e a|d ||||a||u:|u|e |c cp||r|/e c|| |e:c.e||e a|d ||:|eae p|cdu:||c| || a :c| e||e:||.e
ra||e|.
A focused pursu|t of compet|t|ve growth opportun|t|es
we |c:u c| |e|c| W|e|e cu| cpe|a||c|a| a|d ra|ae||a| |||| p|c.|de a c||d p|a||c|r |c|
:c||||ued a|d u|a||ed |cW||.
Nutua||y benef|c|a| re|at|onsh|ps w|th |oca| stakeho|ders
w|e|e.e| We cpe|a|e, We |rp|ere|| a| cpe| d|a|cue W||| c.e||re|| au||c||||e, |c| :crru-
||||e, ||du||] pa|||e| a|d \0 |c |a] |cu|d |c| a ru|ua| u|de||a|d|| a|d :ccpe|a||c|.
A0h STP NAkS A 0|FF8h0
NAP 0F 008 ASSTS
A ST80h6 F000S 0h hALTh Ah0 SAFTY
Adda/ Pe||c|eur p|a:e ||e |||e| erp|a| c| ||e a|e|] a|d We||a|e c| a|| || |a|| a|d pa|||e|.
T|e Ccrpa|] ra|||a|| a |cou| Hea|||, Sa|e|], Se:u|||] a|d E|.||c|re|| (HSSE, ra|aere||
pc||:] de||ed |c p|cdu:e a Wc||d-:|a a|e|] pe||c|ra|:e |c| || :c||||ucu |cW||. T||
pc||:] ||:|ude a| |||e|a|ed app|ca:| |c p|c.|d|| |ao|e, a|e a|d e:u|e Wc|||| :c|d|||c| |c|
a|| erp|c]ee, |a|e|c|de| a|d :crru||||e || a|| a|ea c| cpe|a||c|.
T|e Ccrpa|]' E|.||c|re||a| |a|aere|| S]|er | de||ed |c r|||r|e ||e e|.||c|re||a|
|rpa:| c| || cpe|a||c| a|d | |c:ued c| |||c|ra||c| a||e||| a|d ||| aere|| p||c| |c
:c|du:||| a|] |eW p|cje:|.
00NN0h|TY 8LAT|0hS AT
Th hA8T 0F 008 80S|hSS
Adda/ Pe||c|eur oe||e.e ||a| oe|| a ccd :c|pc|a|e :|||/e| |
ee|||a| |c ou||d|| a|d u|a|||| a p|c|||ao|e ou||e. || | ||e
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||p a|d c| a||||| || p||c||||e W||| ||e p||ra|] |eed .c|:ed
o] ||e |c| :crru||||e ||.|| || ||e cpe|a||c|' u||cu|d||.
work|ng hand |n hand
Adda/ Pe||c|eur |c:ue c| p|c|ar a|d |a:|||||e W||:| :|ea|e
a| |rred|a|e oe|e||| |c| |c| :crru||||e, u:| a ||e de.e|cp-
re|| c| :|cc|, |cad, :|ea| Wa|e| ]|er, a We|| a p|c|ar
W||:| |rp|c.e ||e |ea||| a|d We||-oe|| c| ||e |||ao||a||.
Adjust|ng act|ons to needs
Adda/ Pe||c|eur |||.e |c e|ae || pc|||.e d|a|cue W|||
||e .a||cu :crru||||e W|e|e || | |rp|ere||ed a|d ra|e
u|e |c a|||] ||e|| pe:|||: |eed. T|| | dc|e |||cu| |eu|a|
|cW| |a|| ree|||, c|-||e .||| |c .|||ae, a|d :c||aoc|a||c|
W||| ||e |c| :crru||||e |c de.e|cp a|d pu| |||c a:||c| ||e
rc| app|cp||a|e a|d u|a||ao|e p|cje:|.
0e||ver|ng tang|b|e resu|ts
Adda/ Pe||c|eur |e:c||/e ||a| p|cje:| c| ||| |a|u|e a|e
|c| c||] .a|uao|e a|d Wc|||W|||e oe:aue c| ||e oe|e||| ||e]
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SPONSORED FEATURE
DNO: exploring and shaping a better future
What is the background of DNO?
DNO was established as a public company and
listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange in 1971. The
company, which was completely revitalized in
1996, is in the upstream sector with focus on
both onshore and offshore activities.
The operatorship of the Heather eld on the
UKCS in 1997 was a stepping stone for DNO
during the rst growth cycle. From an offshore
operatorship on the UKCS, DNO moved to
onshore Yemen in 1998. Today it operates
four licenses in Yemen and is partner in one.
The entry to the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
was in 2004 with DNO being the operator
of two licenses initially, which became three
following the review of the contracts in 2008.
DNO has still a presence offshore with
operatorship in an offshore license in UK,
and is also partner in an offshore license in
Equatorial Guinea.
The corporate headquarters is in Oslo,
with operating units in Mozambique, Yemen,
Dubai, and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Africa and the Middle East are currently the
key focus areas of DNO.
What has DNO achieved in Kurdistan?
Following extensive geological work, DNO
decided to drill the rst exploration well in
Kurdistan in late 2005, on the Tawke geological
anticline, close to the border with Turkey.
While the acquisition and processing of
seismic data was ongoing in summer 2005,
DNO acquired the equipment to drill its rst
well in a Region where none existed at that
time. The Tawke-1 exploration well discovered
commercial quantities of crude oil.
A eld development program was initiated
immediately, and a central processing facility
and a 43 km export pipeline were constructed
in record time, along with the drilling of
additional development wells. The eld was
fully developed in June 2007 only two years
after commencement of seismic exploration
activities on the ground.
Export of crude oil from the Kurdistan
Region to the international market is essen-
tial to create full value from current and future
oil discoveries. Export was allowed for a short
period, for about 3 months from 1 June 2009,
but was halted because of non-payment for
crude oil being exported. The eld has, mean-
while, supplied crude oil to the local market.
The rst exploration well made a discovery
in the Erbil PSC contract area in 2007. This
eld is being appraised.
What are the longer-term aspirations of
DNO in Kurdistan?
DNO has long-term commitments to all
stakeholders of the Region. At least three new
exploration wells are planned for 2010-11, one
in each of the licenses operated by DNO.
The near-term aspirations are to have
all matters resolved such that crude oil
from Kurdistan will again be exported to
the international markets, for the benet of
the Region, the whole of Iraq and to the oil
companies engaged in E&P activities. DNO is
hopeful this may happen soon. The company
recommenced the export of crude oil from
Tawke on 2 February 2011 at rates in excess
of 65,000 bpd, and is also assisting the KRG
by receiving third-party crude oil for export
using the DNO export infrastructure.
What focus is placed on
Corporate Responsibilities?
Corporate responsibilities take various shapes
and forms. DNO supports local reconstruction
with $12 million dened as Capacity Building
Bonuses in the contracts signed with the KRG.
Apart from providing jobs to the local
community, DNO is also contributing greatly
toward bettering the infrastructure, health, and
hygiene standards of the Region. The sum of
$150 million is being contributed toward the
building of a water purication plant in Dohuk
for the benet of the city and nearby villages.
DNO has invested in local school upgrades
and equipping local hospitals with requisite
medical facilities, and the company will
continue to partner with the local community
in shaping a better future.
DNO International ASA
Stranden 1, Aker Brygge,
N-0250 Oslo
P.O. Box 1345 Vika, 0113
Oslo, Norway
Phone: (+47) 23 23 84 80
Website: www.dno.no
NlTURll RESDURCES BI
Foreign energy compunies ure discovering the weulth of
opportunities thut the Region offers, writes Ahmed Suid,
President of Dil und 6us ut Forbes und Munhuttun
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. eneruled u reul umounl o
ec|lemenl recenl|, over |l. polenl|u| unlupped |,drocur|on
r|c|e.. ll |u. one rom u Re|on eneru||, over|oo|ed,
compured w|l| l|e mu..|ve re.erve. |n Soul|ern lruq, lo |e|n one
o l|e |olle.l ureu. |n l|e pelro|eum ep|orul|on und producl|on
.eclor. T|ere ure ood reu.on. or l||.. Kurd|.lun. pro|m|l, lo
l|e |ure .lruclure. o K|r|u| und l|e eneru||, producl|ve
Zuro. mounlu|n. |ve. condence l|ul l|e Re|on po..e..e.
.|n|cunl re.erve. o |,drocur|on.. lndeed, l||. condence |.
|e|n proven |, l|e d|.cover|e. |e|n mude |, u rune o
compun|e.. lnd, Kurd|.lun |. u|.o u '.ue env|ronmenl |n w||c|
lo |nve.l-.ecur|l, |. ver, ood und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu|
Lovernmenl |. .upporl|ve o ore|n |nve.lor..
T|e Re|on |. nol, |owever, u new nume |n l|e |,drocur|on.
.eclor. lndeed, |l |. one o l|e o|de.l. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq
wu. l|e ||rl|p|uce o l|e lruq| o|| .eclor und, |ence, l|ul o l|e
l|dd|e Eu.l |n eneru|. ll wu. |ere, ul l|e C||u Sur|| .lruclure,
.oul|-eu.l o l|e c|l, o Su|u|mun|u, l|ul l|e r.l ep|orul|on we||
|n lruq wu. dr|||ed |n I90Z |, l|e predece..or o l|e ln|o-Per.|un
o|| compun,. T||. ||.lor|cu| o|| we|| wu. l|e r.l dr|||ed |n lruq, und
puved l|e wu, or l|e d|.cover, o l|e .uper-|unl K|r|u| e|d.
S|nce l|en, l|e Zuro. l|ru.l |e|l |u. lurned |nlo u pro||c
|,drocur|on prov|nce. ln Z000, l|e USLS e.l|muled l|e Zuro.
l|ru.l |e|l conlu|ned more l|un 4 |||||on |urre|. o o||.
\|l| l||. polenl|u|, und coup|ed w|l| |l. .lu||e .ecur|l,
ulmo.p|ere und |nve.lor-r|end|, po||c|e., l|e Re|on |u.
ullrucled .|n|cunl |nlere.l rom ore|n ener, compun|e..
T|e rune o compun|e. now operul|n |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |.
lru|, |mpre..|ve und |nc|ude. .ome ver, we||-|nown nume.. T|e
H,drocur|on.. |nve.lmenl
und ulure r|c|e.
|,drocur|on. .eclor o l|e Re|on |. u|.o .erv|n lo |nv|orule
l|e econom, |n eneru|, w|l| .erv|ce |ndu.lr|e. |ecom|n more
prom|nenl, und ol|er re|uled .eclor. |enel|n rom l|e row|n
econom|c .ucce... T|e |||-end |ole|. |e|n deve|oped |n Er|||
und Su|u|mun|u ure c|eur |nd|culor. o l||., |ul even more
|mpre..|ve ure l|e more |nlun|||e deve|opmenl. lu||n p|uce |n
Kurd|.lun. c|l|e. und lown.-l|e, ure |e|n lrun.ormed,
|mproved und modern|.ed. lndeed, |l |. no .urpr|.e l|ul l|e
compur|.on lo 0u|u| |. olen mude-und we .|ou|d nol orel
l|ul Kurd|.lun. nuluru| re.ource polenl|u| |. con.|deru||, more
l|un l|ul o 0u|u| w|en deve|opmenl .lurled l|ere.
Recenl mu|l|-|||||on-|urre| d|.cover|e. |uve occurred, und
l|ere ure .l||| p|enl, o unl|c||nu| .lruclure. ,el lo |e dr|||ed,
lurn|n Kurd|.lun |nlo un emer|n 'meu-p|u, l|ul enerule.
|nlere.l umon mu|or. lo purl|c|pule und ucqu|re u p|ece o l||.
wor|d-c|u.. |u.|n. l. l|e po||l|cu| re|ul|on.||p |elween Er||| und
Bu|dud |ecome. c|eurer und eu.|er, .o Kurd|.lun |ecome. u ur
more ullrucl|ve |nve.lmenl propo.|l|on or more r|.|-uver.e
mu|or.. lnd, |l |. no .urpr|.e l|ul l||. |. now |e|nn|n lo |uppen.
Oil production has boosted all
sectors of the Regions economy
BZ NlTURll RESDURCES
lurul|on D||, or eump|e, |. l|e |ule.l |nlernul|onu| o|| compun,
lo .|n up or u Producl|on S|ur|n Conlrucl w|l| l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|onu| Lovernmenl.
lor lor|e. und lun|ullun, we |uve lwo compun|e., \u.l
Ep|orul|on lnc und lonord Ener, lnc, operul|n |n l|e Re|on
und |oo| orwurd lo l|e .ucce..u| ep|orul|on und deve|opmenl
o our ||oc|.. Ep|orul|on |. .l||| |n |l. |nunc, und l|ere ure p|enl,
o opporlun|l|e.. lor|e. und lun|ullun |. l|e operulor o l|e
C||u Sur|| ||oc|, w||c| we p|un lo dr||| dur|n l|e .econd quurler
o Z0II. Upon .ucce..u| le.l|n, l|e r.l e|d w||| |e |rou|l
on||ne .|orl|, ulerwurd., l|ere|, creul|n mun, |ocu| |o|. und
prov|d|n udd|l|onu| revenue or l|e Lovernmenl.
ll |. un ec|l|n l|me or l|e Re|on, und un |nve.lor cun
c|eur|, .ee l|ul uler |und|n ul l|e new, mu|l|m||||on-do||ur Er|||
lnlernul|onu| l|rporl. \|l| new |ole|. und .|opp|n mu||. |e|n
|u||l ucro.. l|e Re|on., Kurd|.lun |. po|.ed or rup|d econom|c
deve|opmenl .purred |, pelro|eum revenue.
Cerlu|n po||l|cu| uncerlu|nl|e. remu|n w|l||n lruq. However,
prore.. |. ev|denl, w|l| l|e recenl ormul|on o l|e lruq lederu|
Lovernmenl. T|e re|ul|on.||p |elween Er||| und Bu|dud |. now
r|end|, und orwurd-|oo||n, u. l|ere |. u eneru| recon|l|on l|ul
l|e |nlere.l. o lruq und Kurd|.lun ure muluu| und nol unl|pul|el|c.
Dver l|e nel ew monl|., Kurd|.lun cun rup|d|, re-e.lu|||.|
o|| eporl. lo |nlernul|onu| mur|el., w||c| w||| ,|e|d needed
udd|l|onu| revenue or l|e lruq| peop|e. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
repre.enl. u .||n|n eump|e o econom|c .ucce.., und lor|e. und
lun|ullun |. |onored lo |uve purlnered w|l| l|e Lovernmenl
und lo |nve.l |n l|e ulure o l||. Re|on.
The potential of Kurdistans oil and
gas reserves is nally being realised
with the help of foreign investment
www.omv.com
OMV has been active in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq since 2007, with operations
that started in 2008. OMV can draw from its broad expertise from operating
diligently in harsh environments and apply experience already gained in a number
of countries in the region. The company is ready to provide integrated solutions and
rely on its very strong team of local and international experts.
OMV is a global company that invests
up to EUR 40mn in each individual well.
D
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Move & More.
GLOBAL SKILLS, LOCAL EXPERTISE
Mott MacDonald is a global management, engineering and development consultancy with a turnover
of 1 billion and over 14,000 staff operating in 140 countries. For over 40 years Mott MacDonald's
specialist teams of consultants, engineers and project managers have worked on global projects
in the oil and gas sector. We have supported a complete spectrum of clients associated with the
oil, gas and petrochemical industries, providing a diverse range of services for world class projects.
Our capabilities are underpinned by outstanding technical expertise, covering all specialist
disciplines. Over the years, our work has received international recognition having won
numerous technical, innovation and sustainability awards for oil and gas projects worldwide.
We have been working in raq through our offces in Basra since 2003 as an raqi registered
company. With our predominantly raqi team backed by our international engineering and
management expertise and safety/quality control, we have successfully delivered many
hundreds of challenging projects throughout raq.
Advisory services
Concept to commissioning
Feasibility studies
Basic engineering
FEED
Detailed engineering
EPCM services
PMC services
Procurement solutions
Pipelines
Offshore topsides
LNG, LPG, CNG
Petroleum storage facilities
Reneries
Petrochemicals facilities
Onshore surface facilities
Heavy oil processing
Clean development mechanism
Carbon capture and storage
www.oilandgas.mottmac.com
NlTURll RESDURCES BS
8rud Cump of KAR 6roup reports on how oil und gus
reserves ure bringing revenue to the Region und
opening up new business opportunities
Kurd|.lun. .lor, |u. u|wu,. |een one ocu.ed on l|e pu.l. lrom
proud eul. o |ero|.m uu|n.l oppre..|on lo un|e||evu||, |orr|||e
lu|e. r|vu||n l|e ev||e.l l|e wor|d |u. endured, l|e reco||ecl|on. o
,e.lerdu, || l|e modern d|u|o.
`el u new mood |u. dr|led |n rom l|e Zuro. mounlu|n.
und .ell|ed upon l|e peop|e o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq. E,e.
ure .||l|n rom ,e.lerdu, lo lomorrow, und rom v|cl|m|ood lo
u ee||n o empowermenl.
T|e mood |. purl|cu|ur|, ev|denl |n one new .eclor |n
Kurd|.lun. o|| und u.. lor u cenlur,, mu|l|p|e re|me. |uve
|ourded l|e '||uc| o|d l|ul ow. rom Kurd|.lun. Never |uve l|e
|enel. o l|e o|| |een u||owed lo |u||d, un|le, und o.ler u peop|e
l|ul .ee| peuce, .lu||||l,, und |upp|ne... ln.leud, o|| |u. cuu.ed
wur., occupul|on, oppre..|on, und deul|. Bul nol un,more.
Todu,, Kurd|.lun |. u |und o opporlun|l, |n l|e o|| und u.
.eclor. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl (KRL) |uunc|ed |l.
T|e po.|l|ve |mpucl
o |,drocur|on.
Workers at the Tawke oil eld in Zakho,
which started exporting in June 2009
Bb NlTURll RESDURCES
ep|orul|on und deve|opmenl prorum |, pu..|n u prore..|ve, ,el
commerc|u||, u.lule, |uw |n Z001. Compun|e. rom l|e lmer|cu.,
Europe, l.|u, lu.lru||u, lr|cu, und l|e l|dd|e Eu.l ure now pre.enl
|n Kurd|.lun, ep|or|n or und deve|op|n o|| und u. re.ource..
locu| compun|e. ure un.wer|n l|e demund or .erv|ce. requ|red
|, l|e |nlernul|onu| o|| compun|e. und |mprov|n l|e econom, o
Kurd|.lun |, emp|o,|n ever-row|n num|er. o wor|er.. locu|
|u.|ne..men ure |nve.l|n |n o||-proce..|n uc|||l|e., |nc|ud|n new
rener|e. und power p|unl. ue|ed |, l|e u. produced |ocu||,.
PAST CDNSTRANTS T|e polenl|u| or o||- und u.-re|uled
|ndu.lr, cunnol |e under.luled. H|.lor|cu||,, under l|e Buul|
re|me, |ndu.lr|u| deve|opmenl |n Kurd|.lun |ud |een d|.courued
|, Bu|dud, w|||e l|e enu||er. o |ndu.lr|u| rowl|-.uc| u.
lrun.porlul|on und commun|cul|on. nelwor|., re||u||e power,
ucce.. lo oul.|de mur|el., u we||-lru|ned wor|orce, und u
prore..|ve |eu| rumewor|-were never o.lered.
However, l|ul doe. nol |o|d lrue lodu,. Dver I,000
meuwull. o power producl|on |u. |een |nlroduced |n Kurd|.lun.
lour-|une |||wu,. connecl Er||| lo K|r|u| und lo.u|, und new
roud. uc|||lule lrude w|l| Tur|e, und lrun. l||er-opl|c ||ne. ure
.lurl|n lo eed l|e commun|cul|on. nelwor|., und mo|||e-p|one
penelrul|on |. |||. Re|ul|on. w|l| ne|||or|n .lule., ||||||led
|, |eve|. o ore|n d|recl |nve.lmenl |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on,
|nd|cule lru.l und opporlun|l, |n l|e mur|el.
PDLTCAL SSUES Unorlunule|,, u|| |. nol w|l|oul
conlrover.,. Po||l|c. ure ell|n |n l|e wu, o prore.. on l|e o||
ronl. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on mu|nlu|n. dened r||l. |n l|e
con.l|lul|on lo ormu|ule und |mp|emenl |l. o||-und-u. mode|, u||
l|e w|||e recon|.|n l|ul l|e re.ource. |e|on lo und .|ou|d |e
.|ured w|l| u|| l|e c|l|.en. o lruq. However, d|er|n v|ew. e|.l
umon .ome mem|er. o l|e lruq| overnmenl, |nc|ud|n l|e
op|n|on l|ul .uc| r||l. .|ou|d |e over.een rom Bu|dud.
ln un eorl lo demon.lrule l|ul l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on u||,
.upporl. l|e concepl o lruq| owner.||p o o||, KRL oc|u|. ureed
l|ul l|e Slule D|| lur|el|n Drun|.ul|on (SDlD), under l|e
l|n|.lr, o D|| |n Bu|dud, cun |e l|e uenl or .e|||n crude
eporled rom Kurd|.lun. T||. u||ow. l|e poo||n o revenue or
u|| o|| produced on l|e lerr|lor, o lruq, |ul |l |. e..enl|u| or
.lu||||l, und democrul|c deve|opmenl |n l|e counlr, l|ul u
re.pon.|||e revenue-.|ur|n p|un, u. requ|red |, l|e Con.l|lul|on
o lruq, |. pu..ed |, l|e ederu| |e|.|ulure. Revenue .|ur|n .|u||
|e l|e |ue l|ul |o|d. l|e d|ver.e nul|on loel|er, pu.||n l|e
.upp|, o |nve.lmenl und e..enl|u| .erv|ce. lo l|e |eve| o mo.l
ec|enl munuemenl - l|e |ocu| |eve|.
T|e pu.l ,eur |u. |een one o .|n|cunce or Kurd|.lun.
lun, o l|e wor|d. |eud|n |rund.-|nc|ud|n lul|un.u, Pep.|,
Curreour, und lurul|on D||-|uve c|o.en l|e Re|on lo |uunc|
l|e|r |nve.lmenl. |n lruq. T|ou.und. o |urre|. o ren|n cupuc|l,
|uve |een |rou|l on||ne lo .upp|, ue| or l|e popu|ul|on,
|nc|ud|n l|e r.l-ever producl|on o un|euded u.o||ne |n lruq.
T|e |ure.l o|| compun|e. |uve conlrucled ep|orul|on lerr|lor,
und mude |nve.lmenl. |n ol|er o|| compun|e. und ureemenl..
ldd|l|onu| power p|unl. |uve |een comm|..|oned, ue|ed |, l|e
re.ource. o l|e Re|on.
FUTURE 6RDWTH l. ec|l|n u. l|e new. |., |l doe. nol
compure w|l| w|ul lomorrow |o|d.. Ren|n cupuc|l, |. epecled
lo dou||e, o|| producl|on w||| lr|p|e, und power w||| |e .upp||ed
con.lunl|, lo u||, cover l|e row|n demund.
T|e lr|u|. o ,e.lerdu, .lrenl|en l|e Kurd|.| peop|e und
|uve |n.l|||ed u re.|||ence und opl|m|.m lo .e|.e lomorrow. T|e
opporlun|l|e. ure reu| und vu.l, und l|e mur|el r|pe or .u.lu|ned,
rup|d rowl|, ue|ed |, u|undunl nuluru| re.ource. und u|ded |,
open-mur|el pr|nc|p|e..
Companies from around the world are looking
to develop the Regions oil and gas resources
Reup|n l|e rewurd. o o||
Since Kurdistuns oil und gus sector emerged from the
shudow of direct control from 8ughdud, the Region hus
reuped the economic benehts und seems set for u
prosperous future, writes Professor 6ureth Stunsheld
T|rou|oul lruq. ||.lor,, unl|| Z00, Bu|dud eerc|.ed lolu|
conlro| over l|e o|| .eclor l|rou| u nul|onu||.ed o|| |ndu.lr,.
u|le ||leru||,, Bu|dud d|cluled ever, .|n|e u.pecl o lruq. o||
.eclor, |nc|ud|n |ow und w|ere re.ource. uccrued rom o|| wou|d
|e .penl. T|e .|luul|on .|nce Z00S |u. |een .omew|ul d|erenl,
w|l| l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on eerc|.|n ederu| conlro| over |l. o|| und
u. .eclor u. munduled |, l|e lruq| Con.l|lul|on. T||. |u., ul
l|me., |een v|ewed w|l| concern, und even |o.l|||l,, |, l|e lruq|
overnmenl |n Bu|dud. However, | compurul|ve ev|dence |.
lo |e u u|de, l|e KRL loo| nol on|, u |ruve .lep |ul u .en.|||e
one |, .ee||n lo deve|op |l. own .eclor .epurule|, rom, |ul
u|l|mule|, |nleruled w|l|, l|e re.l o lruq |, em|ruc|n l|e
ederu| nulure o l|e Con.l|lul|on.
ln modern ederu| .,.lem., re|on. und prov|nce. en|o, u
deree o reedom l|ul u||ow. l|em lo pur.ue .uc| prorum. w|l|
u.ler |mp|emenlul|on und |eller ec|enc,, und w|l|oul l|e |euv,
|und o u cenlru||.ed .lule ||m|l|n l|e|r u||||l, lo operule. \|l||n
l|e l|dd|e Eu.l re|on, l|e Un|led lru| Em|rule. prov|de. c|eur
ev|dence u. lo |ow u decenlru||.ed po||l|cu| .,.lem cun |ve
|mmen.e econom|c |enel. und |mprove overu|| ||v|n .lundurd..
ln purl|cu|ur, 0u|u| lrun.ormed |l.e| rom u |uc|wuler uc|n l|e
Lu| |nlo u reul c|l, l|ul, per|up., .lund. u|one |n l|e |reul|lu||n
|eve|. o deve|opmenl l|ul |uve occurred |n recenl ,eur..
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. |een qu|c| lo |eurn l|e |e..on.
prov|ded |, l|e.e eur||er .ucce.. .lor|e.. lrom d|cu|l
|e|nn|n. |n I99I, l|e Kurd|.| |euder.||p .e|.ed upon
opporlun|l|e. lo deve|op l|e|r |urd-won uulonomou. re|on.
Since 2005, Kurdistan has
exercised federal control
over its oil and gas sector
BB NlTURll RESDURCES
NlTURll RESDURCES B9
ll r.l, l||. deve|opmenl wu. ||ll|e more l|un .urv|vu|, u. l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on |ud lo conlend w|l| l|e |nv|d|ou. eecl. o
.uncl|on. |mpo.ed |, l|e UN uu|n.l lruq, u. we|| u. l|e ucl|on.
uu|n.l Kurd|.lun |, Suddum. overnmenl.
Econom|c deve|opmenl d|d lu|e p|uce, mo.l nolu||, under
l|e UN. o||-or-ood prorumme. However, .|n|cunl udvunce.
cou|d on|, |e|n rom Z00, u. lruq und Kurd|.lun emered rom
.|udow. |mpo.ed |, ,eur. o .uncl|on. und |eun lo ep|o|l u||,
l|e re.ource. l|ul l|e depo.ed Buul||.l .lule |ud .o l||l|,
conlro||ed. Kurd|.lun. deve|opmenl .|nce l|en |u. |een c|eur|,
l|ed lo l|e ep|o|lul|on o |,drocur|on., |ul l||. ep|o|lul|on
needed u new upprouc| lo munu|n u nu.cenl |ndu.lr,.
EFFECTVE STRATE6Y Underp|nn|n l|e deve|opmenl o l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on ure .ound econom|c, |nve.lmenl und
deve|opmenl po||c|e. l|ul en.ure l|e .u.lu|nu||||l, o econom|c
prore.., uurunlee l|e r||l. o conlrucl|n purl|e., und
decreu.e |ureuucruc, und corrupl|on. T|e.e po||c|e. |uve lu|en
l|me lo pul |nlo p|uce und, w|||e .l||| nol perecl-.omel||n w||c|
Kurd|.| |euder. reud||, udm|l-l|e, |uve u..|.led l|e Re|on |n
ullu|n|n ec|enc|e. l|ul l|e re.l o lruq |u. ,el lo w|lne...
T||. re|ul|ve .ucce.., compured nol on|, lo lruq |ul u|.o lo
Kurd|.lun. c|o.e ne|||our., |u. u|.o lurned l|e Re|on |nlo un
|nve.lmenl munel or l|o.e |nve.lor. |een lo wor| |n Kurd|.lun
|l.e|, u. we|| u. l|o.e w|o v|ew l|e Re|on u. u ulewu, lo l|e
re.l o lruq. l. ol|er url|c|e. |n l||. pu|||cul|on ulle.l, l|e ucl
l|ul Kurd|.lun |u. ullrucled |nve.lmenl rom ucro.. l|e l|dd|e
Eu.l |||u.lrule. more c|eur|,, per|up., l|un un, ol|er deve|opmenl
l|e c|une l|ul |u. occurred |n w|ul wu. once u mur|nu||.ed und
orollen purl o lruq.
EXPAN0N6 N0USTRY 0eve|opmenl |u. |een purl|cu|ur|,
nolu||e |n l|e |,drocur|on. .eclor. S|nce le|ruur, Z0II, Kurd|.lun
|u. |een eporl|n I00,000 |urre|. per du, und, w|l| e||l
.|n|cunl d|.cover|e. lo deve|op und w|l| polenl|u| re.erve.
e.l|muled ul 4S |||||on |urre|., l|e polenl|u| lo eporl more |n
ulure ,eur. |. u|reud, uppurenl.
l we con.|der l|e pro.pecl. or l|e deve|opmenl o l|e
u. .eclor, l|e po..|||||l|e. ure per|up. even more ec|l|n. ln
u recenl url|c|e, l|n|.ler o Nuluru| Re.ource. 0r l.|l| Huwrum|
noled l|ul e.l|mule. o Kurd|.lun. u. re.erve. rune |elween
l|ree und .| lr||||on cu||c meler.. Nol|n l|e |mporlunce o u.,
nol on|, or dome.l|c power enerul|on und u.ue, |ul u|.o or
re|onu| (Tur||.|) und |nlernul|onu| (Europeun) u.ue, Kurd|.lun
mu.l .ure|, |uve u prom|nenl ro|e lo p|u, u. u u. .upp||er over
l|e com|n ,eur.. T||. polenl|u| |u. |een .e|.ed upon |,
|nlernul|onu| |nve.lor. u|reud,. l|ere ure now over 40 ore|n
compun|e. rom I1 counlr|e. |nve.l|n .ome SI0 |||||on |n l|e
ener, .eclor o l|e Re|on.
0FFERENT APPRDACH T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. |ro|en w|l|
l|e pullern. o lruq. pu.l |, .ee||n lo ||m|l l|e pu|||c .eclor.
|nvo|vemenl ucro.. l|e |ourd, und |, em|ruc|n l|e pr|vule
.eclor. T||. |ruve move wu. ur-.||led und |u. |ud o|v|ou.
|enel., purl|cu|ur|, |n |mprov|n ||v|n .lundurd.. T|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on wu., or eump|e, l|e r.l purl o lruq lo produce e|eclr|c|l,
eneruled rom p|unl. |u||l l|rou| pr|vule |nve.lmenl, und l|e
|ureon|n con.lrucl|on .eclor ucro.. Kurd|.lun. c|l|e. |u. ||ll|e,
| un,l||n, lo do w|l| l|e pu|||c .eclor.
\|l| reurd lo l|e ormer, l|e KRL. p|un lo |u||d u l||rd
rener, lo .erve lwo new power p|unl. neur Er||| und Su|u|mun|u
w||| |r|n c|o.er l|e ver, reu| po..|||||l, o Kurd|.lun |uv|n
round-l|e-c|oc| power, und lo u|.o .upp|emenl l|e power .upp|,
lo l|o.e mu|or ur|un cenler. .oul| o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on.
lrom u .lund|n .lurl |n I99I, l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on .|ou|d
nol on|, |e con.|dered u. u .lor, o re|ul|ve .ucce... ll |., qu|le
.|mp|,, u |o|u| .ucce.. .lor,. l. l|e Re|on move. url|er
lowurd. normu||.|n |l. re|ul|on.||p w|l| l|e lruq| overnmenl
|n Z0II, purl|cu|ur|, reurd|n |,drocur|on. po||c,, l|e ulure |.
|oo||n even |r||ler.
Former KRG Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani (left)
with KRG Minister of Natural Resources Ashti Hawrami
at the opening ceremony of the Khurmala oil eld
MOL Group is a leading international, integrated oil and gas company from
Hungary, the heart of Europe, with over 70 years experience and a proven track
record. In addition to the companys strong renery and commercial position in
Central, Eastern and Southern Europe, its upstream operations extend to the
Middle East, Africa, South Asia and the CIS countries. As an integral part of
its value chain, MOL Group delivers integrated support
through its drilling and well service companies. Its
stakeholders, and the international business community
in general, regard the company as a reliable international
project partner that highly respects diversity of cultures.
PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS 9
Yusin Huwuti, KR6 Minister for Electricity, highlights
the benehts thut u signihcuntly improved provision of
power hus brought to the Region
\|en con.|der|n l|e deve|opmenl und recon.lrucl|on o l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on und u|| o lruq, ew |..ue. muller more lo c|l|.en.
l|un l|e de||ver, o |u.|c .erv|ce.. C||e umon l|e.e concern. |.
Power|n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on
l|e prov|.|on o e|eclr|c|l,, w|l|oul w||c| du||, ||e |. eponenl|u||,
more d|cu|l und econom|c uc||evemenl u lremendou. c|u||ene.
ln ol|er purl. o lruq, .ecur|l, |urd|e. und |e.. proucl|ve
po||c|e. |uve |el c|l|e. und lown. w|l| on|, u ew |our. o e|eclr|c|l,
euc| du,. Severu| ,eur. uo, l|e KRL em|ur|ed upon u d,num|c
po||c, lo en.ure l|ul our re.ource. wou|d |e u.ed lo |enel l|e
||ve. o our c|l|.en.. Rul|er l|un depend|n on l|e overnmenl lo
.|ou|der l|e enl|re re.pon.|||||l,, l|e KRL opened l|e ||dd|n lo
quu||ed pr|vule rm.. Dur nuluru| re.ource. ure now lrun.ormed
|nlo e|eclr|c|l, l|rou| .lule-o-l|e-url rener|e. und power p|unl.,
und our Re|on currenl|, en|o,. up lo Z0 |our. o e|eclr|c|l, euc|
du,, und we ure wor||n lo mu|e l|ul Z4!
6ANN6 FRDM EXPERENCE T|ere ure lwo |e..on. lo |e
|eurned rom l||.. l|r.l|,, we |uve |||u.lruled |ow u orwurd-|oo||n
overnmenl cun .el l|e r||l cond|l|on. or pr|vule-.eclor
.ucce.., w||c| nol on|, |enel. compun|e., |ul u|.o prov|de.
|nvu|uu||e .erv|ce. lo l|e peop|e o l|e Re|on. T||. .p|r|l o
The hydroelectric power station
at the Dukan dam, which has
been supplying electricity to the
Region since the late 1970s
94 PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS
purlner.||p |u. dr|ven muc| o KRL econom|c po||c, und |u.
eceeded u|| epeclul|on. |n lerm. o e|eclr|c|l, enerul|on und
d|.lr||ul|on |n our Re|on. l||e mo.l ol|er econom|e. uround l|e
wor|d, l|e KRL uc|now|ede. l|ul l|e ree mur|el w||| u||ow l|e
|e.l rm. lo reuc| new und ec|enl .o|ul|on., .o |on u. l|e
overnmenl creule. und enorce. w|.e po||c|e..
T|e .econd |e..on |. l|ul .uc| pu|||c-pr|vule purlner.||p.
cun l|en culu|,.e deve|opmenl |n ol|er e|d., creul|n u
mu|l|p|,|n eecl. T|e .upp|, o e|eclr|c|l, |. u perecl eump|e o
l||.. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on now |u. u num|er o modern med|cu|
cenler., uclor|e., .|opp|n uc|||l|e., |ole|., und ol|er pro|ecl.
.el lo come on||ne |n l|e nel ew ,eur.. Common concern. or
|nlernul|onu| und |ocu| |nve.lor. |nc|ude l|e u..urunce o reu|ur
.erv|ce. uurunleed |n udvunced econom|e.. roud., wuler .upp|,,
und e|eclr|c|l,. l. we ure now u||e lo power uclor|e., c||n|c.,
un|ver.|l|e., und ol|er uc|||l|e. l|ul requ|re con.lunl e|eclr|c|l,
-u||e|l w|l| l|e u..|.lunce o |uc|-up enerulor.-.eclor. o
econom|c ucl|v|l, l|ul were prev|ou.|, u reul c|u||ene ure now
we|| w|l||n l|e rune o our cupu||||l,. \e |e||eve l|ul, |n u ew
,eur., l|e Re|on w||| produce enou| e|eclr|c|l, lo meel u|| o our
power need. und, polenl|u||,, |ecome u nel eporler.
SHARN6 THE 8ENEFTS T|e .oc|u| |mpucl o e|eclr|c|l, |.
.u|.lunl|u| u. we||. Pr|vule enerulor. ure epen.|ve, und mun, o
our c|l|.en. cunnol uord .uc| pr|vule|, prov|ded e|eclr|c|l,. l.
l|e KRL prore..e., |l |. e..enl|u| l|ul u|| o our c|l|.en. en|o, l|e
|enel., und l||. |. umon l|e mo.l lun|||e wu,. lo en.ure l|ul
ever,one .|ure. |n our prore... Per|up. more l|un un, ol|er
de||ver, o .erv|ce., l|e prov|.|on o |eul und |||l |mprove. l|e
.lundurd o ||v|n o our c|l|.en. |n lown. und c|l|e. l|rou|oul l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on. lnd, u. u .econdur, |enel, l|e prov|.|on o
e|eclr|c|l, u|.o open. l|e door lo reuler opporlun|l|e. or
emp|o,menl und |eller ood. und .erv|ce..
l ,ou u.| peop|e l|rou|oul lruq lo nume l|e|r lwo or l|ree
oremo.l concern., u.|de rom .ecur|l,, neur|, ever,one w|||
menl|on e|eclr|c|l,. T|rou| u reul deu| o |urd wor| und v|.|on,
l|e KRL, |n u..oc|ul|on w|l| l|e pr|vule .eclor, |u. en.ured l|ul l|e
de||ver, o e|eclr|c|l, |. u .ucce.. .lor, rul|er l|un u pro||em.
To |nve.lor. und l|o.e w|o ure |nlere.led |n e.lu|||.||n
new compun|e. or |runc|e. o mu|l|nul|onu| compun|e. |n l|e
Re|on, we|come. T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. open or |u.|ne.., und
l|e |||l. w||| |e on.
K_\[\c`m\ipf]
\c\Zki`Z`kp`jX
jlZZ\jj#iXk_\i
k_XeXgifYc\d
Residents of cities such as Erbil reap the economic
and social benets of improved power provision
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PB has 14,000 people in 150 offces around the world. We have been
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Powering
the Future...
MASS Global Investment Co. is concentrating its activities in the eld of
generating electricity on a Build-Own-Operate (B.O.O.) basis its production
capacity is currently around 2,125 Megawatts (MW), and is expected to
reach more than 3,200 MW during the forthcoming two years.
MASS is also operating in the cement industry, with a production capacity of
nearly 5.5 million tons currently and is expected to reach 8 million tons in the
forthcoming two years. Regarding the eld of iron and steel production,
capacity is 1 million tons annually and is likely to increase.
Thus, MASS provides the community with essential services, such as
electricity, products essential for their construction projects, such as cement
and steel, and other industrial and service projects.
The projects of MASS are not limited to Iraq, in the sense that the
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Arbil Gas Power Station (AGPS), with a capacity of (875) MW
Suleimaniah Gas Power Station (SGPS), with a capacity of
(750) MW
Dohuk Gas Power Station (DGPS), with a capacity of (500)
Bazian Cement Factory, with a capacity of (4) million tons
per year
Al-Shamal Cement Factory in Atbara - Sudan, with a capacity
of (1.5) million tons per year
MASS for Iron & Steel Factory, with a capacity of one million
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We Do the Change
PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS 91
An interview with Tulur Fuiq Sulih, Airport 0irector ut
Erbil nternutionul Airport
Er||| lnlernul|onu| l|rporl (Ell) |oo|. |||e u unlu.l|c uc|||l,.
How d|d |l |uppen l|ul Er||| |u. w|ul |., |, un, .lundurd., un
u|rporl o |nlernul|onu| .lund|n`
T|e con.lrucl|on und equ|pp|n o l|e new mu|n u|rporl lerm|nu|,
runwu,, lu|wu,., und u||uled uc|||l|e. wu. unded |, l|e KRL ul
u co.l o u|oul S400 m||||on. T|e pro|ecl |eun |n Z004, |u||d|n
upon l|e prev|ou. ||m|led uc|||l|e. und con.lrucl|n u reul|,
epunded, .lule-o-l|e-url u|rporl, ulure-prooed or .everu|
decude.. Er||| lnlernul|onu| l|rporl cun now uccommodule l|ree
m||||on pu..ener. u ,eur und |und|e l|e |ule.l u|rcrul, |nc|ud|n
l|e l|r|u. lB0. Curo lruc |. |und|ed |n u ded|culed uc|||l, l|ul
|u. reul|, |mproved our overu|| wure|ou.|n cupuc|l,.
Dur uc|||l|e. |uve |mproved proce..e. or pu..ener.,
reuc||n u |eve| o quu||l, und cu.lomer .ul|.ucl|on l|ul
repre.enl. l|e |e, lo .ucce.. |n lodu,. wor|d. Ell u.p|re. lo |e un
|mporlunl porl o enlr, nol on|, or Kurd|.lun, |ul u|.o or lruq.
l.|de rom l,p|cu| uv|ul|on ucl|v|l|e., Ell w||| deve|op un u|rporl
c|l,, |oo.l|n l|e re|on. econom, |, promol|n |o|.l|c cenler.,
Er||| lu|e. ||l
lu-ree .one., .erv|c|n l|e Er||| lndu.lr|u| Zone, und promol|n
lour|.m rom Europe und l|e Lu|.
lmpre..|ve, |ul |u.l |ow || |. Ell`
Bu.ed on Z009 .lul|.l|c., we |uve b,S4 u|rcrul movemenl. w|l|
un |ncreu.e o percenl on Z00B lruc. Trend pro|ecl|on or
Z0I0 |. u url|er |ncreu.e o I4 percenl (Sepl Z009-Sepl Z0I0).
Ell. rowl| eceeded l|e |ndu.lr, lrend |n l|e l|dd|e Eu.l, |e|n
l|e on|, u|rporl wor|dw|de lo |uve dou||e-d||l rowl|, uccord|n
lo llTl lnlernul|onu| l|r Trun.porl l..oc|ul|on dulu. T||.
.peclucu|ur re.u|l |u. lo |e pul |n l|e conlel o l|e econom|c
cr|.|., w||c| uecled lruve| wor|dw|de.
T|e.e lruc re.u|l. produced u IS percenl pu..ener
|ncreu.e |n Z009, o||owed |, u Z0I0 lrend (Sepl Z009-Sepl Z0I0)
o IB percenl pu..ener rowl|. Dnce uu|n, rowl| |. |||er l|un
llTl l|dd|e Eu.l orecu.l. und l|e Ell lu.ler P|un orecu.l |n |l.
|||-cu.e .cenur|o o rowl|. Concern|n l|e curo .eclor, more
l|un I00,000 lonne. were |und|ed |n Z009. l .|||l, |ul .leud,,
rowl| |. orecu.l or Z0I0, con.|der|n |||er-cupuc|l, curo
re||ler. ure operul|n du||, |nlo Er||| und l|ul uverue vo|ume
per movemenl |u. |ncreu.ed |, more l|un 10 percenl.
Inside the state-of-the-art terminal
building at Erbil International Airport
9B PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS
How we|| p|uced |. Ell lo cope w|l| ulure demund.`
Ell |u. l|e |one.l runwu, |n l|e l|dd|e Eu.l und l|e l|
|one.l |n l|e wor|d. |l |. 4,B00 meler. |on |, 90 meler. w|de.
T|e runwu, |. de.|ned lo |und|e l|e |ure.l und |euv|e.l
u|rcrul on l|e |olle.l du,. o l|e ,eur, w|en round lemperulure.
eceed S0C.
T|e new u|rporl |nru.lruclure udopl. l|e |ule.l uvu||u||e
lec|no|o|e. or u|r lruc conlro| und .ecur|l,. Ell pur.ue.
ece||ence |n .uel, und emerenc, re.pon.e, |uv|n .lud|ed und
|mp|emenled procedure. |u.ed on |e.l u|rporl prucl|ce..
How mun, u|r||ne. und de.l|nul|on. ure uvu||u||e rom Er|||`
Ell |u. I u|rcrul operulor. ,|n lo Z4 de.l|nul|on.. l|r Ber||n, l|r
Sweden, ll|u. Iel, lu.lr|un l|r||ne., El||ud l|rwu,., l|, 0u|u|, Lu|
l|r, lrun l|r, lruq| l|rwu,., lul|un.u, l|dd|e Eu.l l|r||ne. (lEl),
Ro,u| Iordun|un l|r||ne., und \|||n l|r||ne.. lm.lerdum und Tur||.|
l|r||ne. ure unl|c|puled lo |e|n pu..ener .erv|ce. lo Ell .oon. l|r
lru||u, Dmun l|r, und ulur l|r |uve u|.o |nd|culed |nlere.l.
Er||| |. connecled wor|dw|de l|rou| l|e |u| u|rporl. o l|u
0|u||, lmmun, Bu|ru|n, Be|rul, 0u|u|, lrun|url, l.lun|u|, und \|ennu
w|l| d|recl du||, ||l.. New roule. und udd|l|onu| requenc|e. w|||
|mprove Ell. connecl|v|l, lo l|e wor|d und lo Europe.
Ell |. |n Kurd|.lun, |ul mun, v|.|lor. w||| |oo| ul l|e mup und .ee
|l ver, muc| u. |e|n |n lruq, und w||| |e concerned u|oul l|e|r
.uel,. How .ecure |. Ell`
Ell |u. un ecepl|onu||, ||| |eve| o .ecur|l,, w|l| udd|l|onu|
.ecur|l, meu.ure. ound ul ew, | un,, u|rporl. |n l|e wor|d. Ell |.
ocu.|n on o|lu|n|n |l. lerodrome Cerl|cul|on u. per lClD
lnlernul|onu| C|v|| lv|ul|on Drun|.ul|on recommendul|on..
To do .o, reul eorl. |uve |een pul |nlo uurunlee|n nol |u.l
|nlernul|onu| .lundurd. o .ecur|l,, |ul u|.o w|der .uel,, u|rporl
operul|on., lru|n|n elc. lnve.lmenl. |n |nru.lruclure und
equ|pmenl |uve lo |e .upporled |, proper per.onne| lru|n|n,
.o u. lo meel, und eceed, |nlernul|onu| .lundurd. |n u|| u.pecl.
o u|rporl operul|on..
\|ul ure l|e c|u||ene. o runn|n un u|rporl |n lruq/Kurd|.lun`
S|nce du, one, l wu. ener|.ed |, |uv|n l|e opporlun|l, lo
munue un u|rporl und, even more .o, lo open u new one. Spec|u|
ullenl|on wu. |ven lo l|e operul|onu| reud|ne.., lrun.er und .lurl
o operul|on. o l|e new u|rporl, w||c| opened |n Seplem|er Z0I0.
Now l um ocu.|n m, ener|e. on deve|op|n u |u.|ne.. und
.lrule, p|un or ucqu|.|l|on o new commerc|u| curr|er. und curo
und |o|.l|c. operulor.. T|e .lor, o Ell |. on|, |u.l |e|nn|n.
<iY`c@ek\ieXk`feXc8`igfikZXeefn
XZZfddf[Xk\k_i\\d`cc`fegXjj\e^\ij
Xp\XiXe[_Xe[c\k_\cXk\jkX`iZiX]k
Erbils new International Airport
opened in September 2010
EIA can cope with passenger aircraft of all sizes
I00 PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS
8otun M Dsmun, Heud of the KR6s 0epurtment of T,
outlines the governments strutegy for the development
of informution technology ucross the Region
lun, overnmenl. wor|dw|de |uve reu||.ed l|e |mpucl o
|normul|on lec|no|o, (lT) und l|e |mporlunl ro|e l|ul |l p|u,. |n
modern|.|n overnmenl., |n en|unc|n overnmenl .erv|ce. und,
.u|.equenl|,, |n conlr||ul|n lo econom|c deve|opmenl.
ln l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, l|e row|n need or lT
deve|opmenl wu. .een u. u pr|or|l, |n l|e l| cu||nel o l|e
lu||n Kurd|.lun
|eller connecled
Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl. Under l|e uu.p|ce. o l|e Pr|me
l|n|.ler, l|e 0epurlmenl o lT wu. e.lu|||.|ed |n Z001. Dur lu.|
wu. lo |eud l|e deve|opmenl o lT und lo modern|.e l|e KRL
l|rou| u un|ed lT po||c,.
\e ure |eud|n l|e modern|.ul|on o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
l|rou| l|e ve-,eur KRL lT Slrule,. Top eperl. rom
Pr|cewuler|ou.eCooper. |n lnd|u, l|e l|dd|e Eu.l, Europe und l|e
UK ure ded|culed lo en.ure l|ul l|e KRL el. |l r||l.
\e |e||eve l|ul l|e deve|opmenl o l|e .lrule, |u. |een
one o l|e mo.l purl|c|pulor, proce..e. ever underlu|en |n lruq.
South Koreas Ambassador to Iraq, Ha Tae-Yun, and then Kurdistan Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani share
the honor of cutting the ribbon at the opening ceremony for the KRGs IT Academy in Erbil, September 2009
PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS I0I
lore l|un 100 ucl|ve purl|c|punl. rom KRL |n.l|lul|on., NLD.
und l|e pr|vule .eclor |uve |een |nvo|ved |n l|e deve|opmenl o
l|e lT .lrule,.
T|rou|oul Z009, l|e |n|l|ul|ve unu|,.ed ever, |n.l|lul|on |n
l|e KRL, compre|en.|ve|, under.lund|n und documenl|n l|e
wu, l|e overnmenl uncl|on. u. u w|o|e. T||. purl|c|pul|on,
under.lund|n und |o|u| eperl|.e |u. re.u|led |n u .lrule, l|ul
|. |nnovul|ve |n nulure, |ocu| |n conlel und |o|u| |n |l. eper|ence.
T|e drul KRL lT v|.|on, m|..|on, und o||ecl|ve. |uve |een
deve|oped u.|n l|e compre|en.|ve |normul|on ul|ered und
.lu|e|o|der und pu|||c purl|c|pul|on.
T|e v|.|on w||c| |u. |een deve|oped |.. 'lodern|.|n our
overnmenl l|rou| l|e u.e o lec|no|o, lo |eller .erve our
peop|e, enu||e overnmenl .erv|ce., und mu|e |l eu.|er lo ||ve, .lu,
und do |u.|ne.. |n our Re|on. l lrun.ormul|on uc||eved l|rou|
l|e purl|c|pul|on o ever, |nd|v|duu| c|u||en|n l|em.e|ve. lo
mu|e uordu||e e-Lovernmenl equu||, po..|||e or u||.
T|e KRL 0epurlmenl o lT |. lu.|ed w|l| uc||ev|n
Kurd|.lun. v|.|on l|rou| u m|..|on l|ul ocu.e. on dr|v|n
lec|no|o, |n overnmenl lo |u||d cupuc|l, und modern|.e pu|||c
.erv|ce., w|l| u ocu. on .even domu|n., lT cupuc|l,, |nru.lruclure,
lT overnunce, upp||cul|on. und e-.erv|ce., lT pr|vule .eclor und
lT penelrul|on, lT und|n und .pend|n, und |uw und reu|ul|on..
T|ere ure B o||ecl|ve. ucro.. u|| l|e .even domu|n.
de.cr||ed, l|e.e ure |e|n converled lo over I,000 pue. o
delu||ed urc||leclure., p|un. und pro|ecl., w||c| w||| prov|de u c|eur
und delu||ed roudmup or l|e ulure o our deve|opmenl.
T|e KRL lT Slrule, |u. mupped oul u compre|en.|ve
deve|opmenl p|un over l|e nel ve ,eur. l|ul u|m. lo |nve.l
more l|un SS00 m||||on |n l|e modern|.ul|on o l|e KRL und l|e
deve|opmenl o Kurd|.lun. lT .eclor.
T|e |u.|ne.. opporlun|l|e. ure vu.l, und we ure wor||n on
nd|n l|e |e.l pr|vule-.eclor purlner. lo |e|p u. uc||eve our
v|.|on. \e |uve e.lu|||.|ed u vendor re|.lrul|on orm ul our
we|.|le (www.|r|l.or) lo enu||e compun|e. lo re|.ler w|l| u..
Dur u|m |. lo |uve u u|r, compel|l|ve, und lrun.purenl env|ronmenl
or u|| lT compun|e. lo |nnovule und .ucceed |n l|e KRL.
ln ||ne w|l| our lrun.purenl upprouc|, we w||| |o.l u|| our
lender. on||ne, und prov|de our c|l|.en. w|l| requenl updule. on
pro|ecl prore... \|en we purlner w|l| u rm lo de||ver u .o|ul|on,
l|e c|l|.en |. l|e u|l|mule c||enl, we w||| |e |o|nl|, uccounlu||e
or l|e .ucce..e. und u||ure. o pro|ecl.. T||. creule. u |eve| o
lru.l |elween u|| purl|e. l|ul |eud. lo l|e |e.l po..|||e re.u|l..
T||. |. u un|que opporlun|l, lo .lurl u|mo.l rom .crulc|, l|e
polenl|u| lo do l||n. we|| und |n ||ne w|l| |e.l prucl|ce. r||l rom
l|e oul.el |. ec|l|n. \e cun creule .omel||n loel|er l|ul |.
re.| und doe. nol requ|re u. lo worr, u|oul |euc,. T|o.e
|nvo|ved |n l||. .eclor over l|e nel ve ,eur. cun lru|, |u, c|u|m
lo |e|n purl o e.lu|||.||n u mode| lT env|ronmenl |n l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|on.
T|e deve|opmenl o u Kurd|.lun lT Pr|vule Seclor |. un
|mperul|ve o||ecl|ve over l|e nel ve ,eur.. lu|r und lrun.purenl
compel|l|on, com||ned w|l| l|e o.ler|n o |nnovul|on, |. l|e |e,
lo l|e ormu|u l|ul w||| |e|p u. one du, uc||eve Kurd|.lun. ver.|on
o S|||con \u||e,.
\e ure .ell|n up .c|eme. lo encourue und u..|.l |o|u| lT
compun|e. enler |nlo l|e Kurd|.lun mur|el. \e w||| endeuvor lo
prov|de |o|u| rm. w|l| l|e |n.||l nece..ur, lo ||l l|e round
runn|n. \e u.| u|| mu|or lT compun|e. lo re|.ler w|l| u. ul
www.|r|l.or und purlner u. |n l|e deve|opmenl o l|e lT |u| o
l|e ulure. T|e lruq| mur|el |. w|de und deep, l|e opporlun|l|e. ure
vu.l. lel. mu|e Kurd|.lun l|e ulure p|ulorm or lT deve|opmenl
|n lruq, u. we|| u. l|e w|der l|dd|e Eu.l.
lu||n |l eu.|er lo do |u.|ne.. |n our Re|on |. u |e, e|emenl
o our KRL lT v|.|on. Dver l|e nel ve ,eur. we wunl lo conl|nuu||,
|mprove l|e wu, compun|e. |nlerucl w|l| l|e overnmenl. Slurl|n
rom ucce.. lo |normul|on u|oul vur|ou. |ndu.lr|e., lo upp|,|n or
v|.u. und re.|denc, on||ne, lo re|.ler|n compun|e., upp|,|n or
overnmenl lender., und muc| more. T|e eu.e o do|n |u.|ne..
|n Kurd|.lun w||| |e meu.ured und |mproved ,eur on ,eur.
Young people will benet from improved IT services
How long has Nokia Siemens Networks been
present in Iraq?
Nokia Siemens Networks (NSN) has been present in Iraq since
2004 and continues to work with operators in Iraq including
Asiacell, Korek and Zain. We have three main ofce locations
in Baghdad, Erbil and Sulaimanyah with a fourth ofce planned
in Basra soon. As of June 2011, we have more than 200
employees dedicated to our Iraq operations, either locally
employed or supporting Nokia Siemens Networks customers in
Iraq out of other countries in the Middle East, Africa and Europe.
These employees are working across various functions such
as services, sales, nance and managed services. We tap into
our global experience, research capabilities and technology
and solutions expertise to better serve our customers in Iraq.
Managed services is a core strength of ours and we strongly
support operators in this area.
Green energy and energy-saving solutions are also strengths
of Nokia Siemens Networks. We offer Iraqi operators solutions
that are energy-efcient, environmentally sensitive and use
recyclable components wherever possible.

Elaborate on an example of your
efforts in Iraq
One of our customers needed to grow its network capacity
and service capability to deliver a protable and high-
quality customer experience nationally. Having acquired a
competitors assets and subscribers, that customer challenged
us not only to lead the integration and modernization of the
two infrastructures (one based on one of our competitors
equipment, the other on one of our parent company), but also
to increase their combined capacity by 50 per cent.
Throughout the network integration process, Nokia Siemens
Networks engineers took every opportunity to measure the
impact of the technical changes on the quality of the
end-customer experience.
Our experts also helped two of our customers in Iraq
to identify general weaknesses in their networks (radio,
transmission, international gateway, route optimization), to
Christian Boczek,
country director,
Nokia Siemens Networks Iraq
improve customer satisfaction and generate new revenues.
As a result, both customers now enjoy a seamless national
service with improved key performance indicators in all areas.
The networks quality improvements enjoyed by these
two customers will no doubt help in boosting their
companies top lines.
Hiring local experts is an essential HR policy of Nokia
Siemens Networks. And we strongly believe in investing in
local talent in whatever country we operate in. Similarly, in Iraq
our endeavors are on similar lines.
What is the telecoms and internet situation in Iraq?
With three GSM operators operating in Iraq, there is
competition in this sector, which ultimately benets the Iraqi
people. However, the mobile sector is almost exclusively
dependent on prepaid services. Hence, mobile average
revenue per user rates are consequently low (as of Q110,
blended country ARPU for Iraq was US$14, while the average
for the Middle East was US$22). Currently, all mobile operators
in Iraq operate only a 2G network. 3G licenses are expected
to be issued in 2011. A fourth mobile operator launch is also
expected in 2011. However, high security costs weigh in on
operators investments.
The Iraqi government is looking at deploying a new ber
network across the country, because the original core ber
backbone was heavily damaged during the war. Plans are
underway but no timeframe has been nalized. Internet services
were introduced to Iraq in 2002. Since the war, internet take-
up has grown signicantly because of increased availability of
broadband wireless access (BWA) services by WLL operators,
and also by the unregulated use of VSATs. There are an
estimated 500,000 internet users in Iraq at present, which is a
little less than two per cent of the countrys population, giving
plenty of room for internet growth in Iraq.
We have a deep understanding of telecom customers in Iraq
and the economic and business challenges faced by operators.
We bring technology and solutions, global knowledge and vast
experience that will benet the telecom landscape in Iraq.
SPONSORED FEATURE
PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS I0S
Embrucing the rupid udvuncements of the electronic
informution uge is vitul for keeping the Region und its
people in touch with u new world, suys 8otun M Dsmun
T|e end o l|e Z0l| cenlur, mur|ed u per|od o prepurul|on or
.omel||n l|ul none o u. |mu|ned. ll wu. l|e oundul|on or un
|normul|on und lec|no|o|cu| ep|o.|on ue|ed |, l|e udvenl o
l|e |nlernel und udvuncemenl. |n compul|n.
T|e rup|d lec|no|o|cu| c|une. l|ul loo| p|uce ul l|e
.lurl o l|e ZI.l cenlur, |uve u|lered l|e wu, we do ever,l||n.
Lovernmenl. ure rel||n||n l|e|r overnunce mode|., compun|e.
ure re.|up|n l|e|r |o|u| pre.ence, und lrud|l|onu| med|u |. lr,|n
lo culc| up w|l| un |normul|on ow ue|ed |, ||o. und .oc|u|
nelwor|.. lncreu.|n|,, l|e |nd|v|duu| |. reu||.|n l|ul, w|l|oul un
on||ne oolpr|nl, ,our re|evunce lo l||. new wor|d |. reduced.
T||. e|eclron|c |normul|on ue |u. c|uned l|e .urv|vu|
lucl|c. o l|e |umun ruce. ll |. no |oner v|u||e lo mu|e .|n|cunl
prore.. |n un, e|d w|l|oul lru|, em|ruc|n |normul|on und
commun|cul|on. lec|no|o, (lCT). Even democruc, |u. .een u
.|n|cunl c|une |n l|e wu, l|e pu|||c purl|c|pule.. Pu|||c
oc|u|. ure |ncreu.|n|, .|n|n up lo Tw|ller und luce|oo|, u. l|e
pu|||c demund. u|mo.l du||, updule. on |ow l|e|r counlr|e. ure
|e|n overned. Lovernmenl |n.l|lul|on. ure con.lunl|, l||n||n
o new wu,. lo meel l|e lrun.purenc, demund. o l|e|r
.lu|e|o|der., w|||e econom|e. uround l|e wor|d |uve recon|.ed
T|e power o |normul|on
lCT u. u requ|remenl or rowl|. T|e .|n|cunce o lCT |. no
|oner u lop|c or de|ule. T|o.e w|o em|ruce |l prore.., w|||e
l|o.e w|o donl el |el |e||nd.
ln eump|e o |e|n |el |e||nd cun |e .een |n lruq. \e |uve
|een |.o|uled rom |o|u| lec|no|o|cu| deve|opmenl .|nce l|e
eur|, I9B0.. Dn|, uler Z00 were we u||e lo .lurl l||n||n u|oul
|ow lo culc| up. T|e neul|ve eecl l||. |u. |ud on lruq cun |e
.een |n u|| .eclor. o l|e econom, und |n u|| purl. o .oc|el,.
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |u. mude reul .lr|de. |n lCT .|nce
Z00. T|e .ell|n up o l|e KRL 0epurlmenl o lT |n Z001, lu.|ed
w|l| l|e e.lu|||.|menl o un 'e-KRL, wu. u c|eur .|n l|ul we ure
reud, lo em|ruce l|e ulure. However, l|ere |. muc| more lo do.
T|rou| l|e KRL lT Slrule,, l|e nel ve ,eur. |uve |een
mupped oul, w|l| |undred. o pro|ecl. und delu||ed |n|l|ul|ve.,
und un um||l|ou. .pend|n p|un l|ul |. .el lo uc||eve muc| o
w|ul we |uve |een |op|n or.
T|ere ure .l||| mun, peop|e w|o eur |normul|on, |ecuu.e |n
our ||.lor, |l |u. |een mo.l|, u.ed uu|n.l our peop|e. \|ere
|normul|on wu. once u .ource o uul|or|l, und power or
.uppre..|n und |urm|n l|e peop|e o Kurd|.lun, lodu, und |n l|e
ulure |l w||| |e u.ed or l|e deve|opmenl o our overnmenl
|n.l|lul|on. lo en.ure l|e, de||ver |eller .erv|ce. lo our c|l|.en..
ller mun, ,eur. o .ec|u.|on, l|e Kurd|.lun |normul|on
.oc|el, |. |nleruc|n w|l| l|e re.l o l|e wor|d. Trun.purenc,,
|normul|on .|ur|n, und c|v|c enuemenl ure ul l|e oreronl |n
l|e modern|.ul|on o our Re|on.
lnlernel penelrul|on |. unol|er |mporlunl ureu l|ul |. |n
need o .er|ou. |mprovemenl, u. we reu||.e l|ul |uv|n u
connecled Re|on enu||e. u. lo |ncreu.e l|e puce o our
deve|opmenl. T|ere mu.l |e |ncreu.ed compel|l|on |n l|e |nlernel
und |roud|und .eclor. |n lruq |n order lo dr|ve down pr|ce., und we
|e||eve l|ul l||. cun |e done w|l| .murl reu|ul|on. und
pr|vul|.ul|on. To enu||e l|e rowl| o |nlernel ucce.. over l|e
com|n ,eur., we mu.l |el l|e pr|vule .eclor our|.|, und u||ow l|e
overnmenl lo |nlervene on|, w|en nece..ur,.
Cen.or.||p und mu|nlu|n|n un open |nlernel ure ol|er
|mporlunl ureu. l|ul mu.l |e upprouc|ed w|l| elreme cuul|on.
Botan M Osman
I0b PD\ER, TRlNSPDRT lN0 CDllUNlClTlDNS
ll |u. |een demon.lruled l|rou| mun, eump|e. uround l|e wor|d
l|ul cen.or.||p .|mp|, doe. nol wor| und |o|d. |uc| l|e pro.per|l,
o .oc|el|e. und econom|e.. Cen.or.||p oe. uu|n.l l|e enl|re
purpo.e o l|e |nlernel, |l. un||m|led power, und |l. polenl|u|.
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl |. udumunl l|ul l|e
|nlernel |n our Re|on mu.l remu|n ree rom cen.or.||p. ln
open |nlernel |. l|e |e, lo our ulure. \e ure uwure l|ul cu|luru|
uclor. mu, meun l|ul cerlu|n conlenl |. unde.|ru||e, |owever,
we mu.l luc||e l||. l|rou| |ncreu.ed uwurene.. or |nd|v|duu|.
und um|||e., |euv|n l|e c|o|ce down lo l|em.
T|e ulure o Kurd|.lun |. now |n our |und.. T|e |nlernel
|u. |ecome u undumenlu| purl o prore... \e mu.l nol u||ow
un,l||n lo den, l|e peop|e o Kurd|.lun un on||ne pre.ence
worl|, o l|e|r de.|re lo |o|n l|e |o|u| |normul|on .oc|el,.
Social networks, such as Facebook, have
revolutionized the sharing of information
Scania is represented by approximately 100 national distributors,
which organise sales and workshop services worldwide. More
than 1,500 service points offer quality support to customers.
In Iraq, Scanias history dates back to the early sixties. For many
years, Iraq was one of the companys most important markets
worldwide. At the peak in the early eighties, sales totalled
3,900 trucks in a single year. This gave Scania the opportunity
to develop products perfectly suited to Iraqi conditions, north
and south.
Scania has re-entered the Iraqi market with a clear goal of
regaining a strong position. The sales and service network is
currently expanding at a rapid pace, and the first Scania sales
and service centre in Kurdistan was inaugurated in Erbil
earlier this year. The long-term goal is to have a high-quality
sales and service network that provides the best operating
economy and boosts the productivity of all Scania customers
in Kurdistan and Iraq.
Scania is one of the worlds leading
manufacturers of trucks and buses for
heavy transport applications
I0B lLRlCUlTURE lN THE lERTllE CRESCENT
!umil Huider, KR6 Minister of Agriculture und Wuter
Resources, describes the Regions hve-yeur strutegy
for modernizing its furming sector
T|e KRL l|n|.lr, o lr|cu|lure und \uler Re.ource. |.
|mp|emenl|n u .lrule|cu||, .|n|cunl p|un |n produc|n und
pre.erv|n l|e uru||e |und w|l||n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on. T|e |und
|. |deu| or l|e ur|cu|luru| .eclor und |. cupu||e o .upporl|n
ood producl|on or l|e Re|on. popu|ul|on und enerul|n
|ncome rom eporled .u|e. lo l|e .urround|n ureu. T|e
ur|cu|luru| .eclor |. l|e |uc||one o our econom, und |. one
o l|e mo.l |mporlunl uclor. |n l|e currenl .oc|o-econom|c
deve|opmenl o l|e Re|on.
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on |. renowned or |l. uru||e |und, erl||e
.o||, |deu| c||mule, und u|undunce o wuler re.ource., u|| o w||c|
ure perecl or l|e ur|cu|luru| .eclor. ln Z009, u ve-,eur
.lrule|c p|un wu. |n|l|uled lo uc||eve ood .ecur|l, und
.e|-.uc|enc,, w|l| l|e mu|n ocu. |e|n l|e prepurul|on und
producl|on, mur|el|n und d|.lr||ul|on o ur|cu|luru| ood., und
or l|e KRL lo prov|de u..|.lunce lo |ocu| urmer. |n ell|n l|e
ood. oul lo l|e mur|el or con.umer..
l|r.l|,, l|e u|m o l|e p|un |. lo |eller prepure u new
enerul|on o urmer. l|rou| relurn|n l|e |und. lo l|em und
c|un|n l|e|r lrud|l|onu| ro|e. T|e KRL u..ure. urmer. o
owner.||p o l|e|r |und und prov|de. .upporl |n |eu| procedure..
ll u|.o prov|de. lru|n|n und u|dunce |n |mp|emenl|n .lrule|cu||,
.u|lu||e p|un. or l|e|r |und, u. we|| u. promol|n mel|od. o
urm|n u.|n modern lec|no|o,.
Second|,, we w|.| lo ullrucl ore|n |nve.lor. lowurd l|e
ur|cu|luru| .eclor und wuler weu|l| |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on
l|rou| lnve.lmenl luw No 4 o Z00b, w||c| runl. ore|n
|nve.lor. reul pr|v||ee., .uc| u. prov|d|n |und or ur|cu|luru|
u.ue. \|l| l||. |n|l|ul|ve, we wunl lo |mprove l|e cupuc|l, o
ur|cu|luru| pro|ecl. und |ncreu.e l|e num|er o re.eurc| cenler.,
|n lerm. o eper|menlu| |u|orulor|e. und |n.l|lul|on., or |ol|
orun|c und c|em|cu||, en|unced producl..
T|e peop|e o l||. |und ure connecled |, l|e|r um||l|on lo
prov|de und .ecure ood requ|remenl. or l|e Re|on. \|l| proper
p|unn|n, l|e |nlervenl|on o eperl., und l|e |ncorporul|on o
modern lec|no|o,, .uc| ou|. ure w|l||n l|e KRL. reuc|.
lurm|n or l|e ulure
Replacing old techniques and equipment
will raise the yield from Kurdistans farms
lLRlCUlTURE lN THE lERTllE CRESCENT I09
T||. ve-,eur .lrule|c p|un, |mp|emenled |, l|e l|n|.lr,
o lr|cu|lure und \uler Re.ource., w||| u..ure |ocu| urmer. o
|nlerucl|on und purlner.||p w|l| ore|n compun|e., open|n
door. or url|er purlner.||p und, per|up., |o|u| |nve.lmenl
opporlun|l|e. or |ocu| urmer..
\|||e reu||.|n l|ul our m|..|on |. qu|le .|mp|e, l|e more
comp||culed uclor o l|e equul|on |. |mp|emenl|n |eller
urm|n prucl|ce. und encouru|n con.umer. lo |u, l|e |ocu||,
|urve.led produce. Pr|c|n o produced ood. |. u |ue uclor,
und we |ope lo e.lu|||.| u |u|unced .el .,.lem or l||. c|u||ene.
How doe. KRL uddre.. .ome o |l. ur|cu|luru| c|u||ene.`
Per|up. u prucl|cu| .o|ul|on wou|d |e lo eum|ne l|e ur|cu|luru|
prucl|ce. o l|e |nlernul|onu| commun|l, und encourue ore|n
compun|e. lo |nve.l und prov|de eperl|.e lo |ocu| urmer..
lnlernul|onu| compun|e. cun u..|.l |n nd|n .o|ul|on. lo currenl
ur|cu|luru| pro||em., u. we|| u. |mp|emenl|n |eller ur|cu|luru|
prucl|ce. und |n|l|ul|n u producer/con.umer re|ul|on.||p, w||c|
cun conlr||ule lo l|e |mprovemenl o l|e currenl econom|c
.|luul|on, |ol| dome.l|cu||, und |nlernul|onu||,, u 'rom-urm-
lo-or| .lrule, lo comp|ele l|e c,c|e.
S|nce ur|cu|lure |. u v|lu| uclor |n our econom,, l|e KRL
u|m. lo e||m|nule o|d-u.||oned ur|cu|luru| prucl|ce. und w|||
ocu. on prov|d|n re|onu| rower. und l|e new enerul|on o
urmer. w|l| modern equ|pmenl und lec|no|o,. Dnce l||. v|.|on
|u. |een reu||.ed |, |ocu| urmer., l|e proper u.ue o uru||e
|und w||| lrun.|ule |nlo |mproved urm|n opporlun|l|e.. T|u. ur,
l|e ve-,eur p|un |u. |een u|med ul lurel|n l|e p|unn|n,
pre.ervul|on, producl|on, und promol|on o |ocu||, |urve.led
ood. over |mporled produce.
\|l| proper p|unn|n und l|e |mp|emenlul|on o new
ur|cu|luru| prucl|ce., l|e KRL u|m. lo uc||eve .e|-.uc|enc,
und ood .ecur|l, |n l|e ur|cu|luru| .eclor, w||c| |. p|u,|n u
|eud|n ro|e |n l|e .oc|o-econom|c deve|opmenl |n l|e Kurd|.lun
Re|on. T|e KRL .upporl. und we|come. eperl. lo l|e Re|on
lo deve|op new lec|no|o|cu| pro|ecl. und u..|.l l|e ur|cu|lure
.eclor w|l| u.pecl. |n w||c| |l |. |uc||n. Suc| pro|ecl. cun
enerule reul commerc|u| .ucce.. or |nlere.led |nve.lor..
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I\^`fekf[\m\cfge\nk\Z_efcf^`ZXcgifa\Zkj
Xe[Xjj`jkk_\X^i`Zlckli\j\Zkfi
CURRENT STRATE6C PRD!ECTS DF THE MNSTRY DF
A6RCULTURE AN0 WATER RESDURCES
I. E.lu|||.|menl o ru|l orc|urd., cu|l|vul|on o o||ve
und p|.luc||o lree.,
Z. Cow-|reed|n und con.lrucl|on o du|r, pro|ecl., und,
w|en nece..ur,, e.lu|||.||n purlner.||p w|l| urmer. |n
order lo prov|de orue,
3. Epund|n pu.lr, uclor|e. und l|e pre.erv|n und dr,|n
o ru|l. und veelu||e., e.lu|||.||n purlner.||p. w|l|
|ocu| producer. lo prov|de uclor|e. w|l| |n|l|u| produce,
4. Po.l-|urve.l|n u|dunce, |nc|ud|n udv|ce on
rud|n, cunn|n, mur|el|n, nece..ur, muc||ner,,
und .lorue requ|remenl.,
5. E.lu|||.|menl o |rr|ul|on pro|ecl., |nc|ud|n l|e
|u||d|n o dum. und |rr|ul|on c|unne|., |nve.lmenl
|n muc||ne. lo |mp|emenl new |rr|ul|on .,.lem., und
pump. or ur|cu|lure pro|ecl..
II0 lLRlCUlTURE lN THE lERTllE CRESCENT
mproving und munuging Kurdistuns ubundunt
wuter supplies is u key purt of revitulizing rurul ureus,
expluins Professor 6ureth Stunsheld
Kurd|.lun |. u erl||e |und. \|l| |l. r|c| .o||., u|undunl w|nler
ru|nu||., und .|n|cunl roundwuler re.erve., Kurd|.lun |u. olen
|een de.cr||ed u. u |reud|u.|el cupu||e o nol on|, eed|n l|e
popu|ul|on o l|e Re|on, |ul u|.o eporl|n lo |er ne|||or..
`el l||. repre.enl. on|, polenl|u| und nol l|e reu||l,.
Currenl|,, Kurd|.lun remu|n. u nel |mporler o producl.. Ruru|
ureu. ure .l||| recover|n rom l|e |euc|e. o con|cl .|nce l|e
I910., w||c| .uw l|e .,.lemul|c de.lrucl|on o l|e ruru|
env|ronmenl |, l|e Buul| re|me. Com||ned w|l| l|e eecl. o
l|e em|uroe. und econom|c emerenc, munuemenl o l|e
I990., w||c| re.u|led |n u co||up.e o l|e dome.l|c ur|cu|luru|
.eclor o||ow|n l|e emerenc, |mporl o ood.lu. |mp|emenled
Re.urrecl|n ur|cu|lure
|, l|e UN, Kurd|.lun. ur|cu|lure .eclor remu|n. ver, muc| u
wor| |n prore... However, |l |. u cruc|u| uclor |n l|e Re|on.
ulure deve|opmenl. ll .|ou|d u|.o |e u .lru||lorwurd one, u. l|e
ruw muler|u|. o u v||runl, .ucce..u| ur|cu|luru| |ndu.lr, ure u||
pre.enl. erl||e .o||., ood wuler .upp||e., elen.|ve |ocu| |now|ede
und, |u.l u. |mporlunl|,, l|e po||l|cu| de.|re lo .ucceed.
\|.|lor. ,|n |nlo Kurd|.lun cunnol u|| |ul |e |mpre..ed
|, l|e|r r.l v|ew u. l|e, de.cend lowurd. Er|||. Snow-cupped
mounlu|n. u|||n |nlo reen ||||.|de., |nler.per.ed w|l| |roud
r|ver., und open|n oul |nlo w|de ur|cu|luru| p|u|n., u|| po|nl lo
w|ul .|ou|d |e u pro.perou., elen.|ve ur|cu|luru| .eclor. No |e..
l|un ve mu|or r|ver. ow l|rou| Kurd|.lun, euc| o l|em |o|n|n
l|e T|r|. u. |l ow. .oul|. T|e Lreul Zu|, K|u|our, le..er Zu|, lwu
Sp|, und S|rwun r|ver. ure u|| .|n|cunl re.ource. |n l|e|r own r||l,
w|l| euc| ow|n l|rou| u d|erenl purl o l|e re|on. T|ree
mu|or dum.-0o|u|, 0u|un, und 0ur|und|||un-conlro| und
Kurdistan has a range of initiatives in place
to optimise the Regions agricultural sector
lLRlCUlTURE lN THE lERTllE CRESCENT III
reu|ule l|e.e r|ver., und l|ere ure u url|er e||l dum. under
con.lrucl|on or |e|n p|unned. Bu.ru (|n Kurd|.lun, nol |n l|e
.oul| o lruq), Tuq Tuq, K|euwulu (u|uc|o|un), Lomu.pun
(norl|-we.l o Er|||), lunduwu, Bu|ormun, 0ewunu, und l.||
Burum. \uler |. ever,w|ere |n Kurd|.lun, und |. .oon lo |ecome
muc| more ucce..|||e lo l|e ur|cu|luru| .eclor.
\|l| l|e.e deve|opmenl. und ol|er. |n m|nd, l|e l|n|.lr, o
lr|cu|lure und \uler Re.ource. |u. em|ur|ed upon un elen.|ve
ve-,eur p|un, w|l| l|e u|m o |r|n|n u. muc| ur|cu|luru| |und
|nlo producl|on u. po..|||e. T|e p|un. or l|e deve|opmenl o
wuler re.ource. |uve ||| lurel.. T|e l|n|.lr, u|m. lo
.upp|emenl l|e currenl S,000 .mu|| eurl| cunu|. l|ul e|.l w|l|
u url|er bS0 concrele |rr|ul|on pro|ecl., |u||l lo l|e |||e.l
|nlernul|onu| .pec|cul|on.. l lolu| o IS |ure |rr|ul|on pro|ecl.
ure u|.o |e|n comm|..|oned lo comp|emenl l|e l|ree u|reud, |n
p|uce. l|ve |undred pond. w||| |e mude, und I9 new .mu|| dum. w|||
|e con.lrucled lo |r|n l|e lolu| lo over 0. ln udd|l|on, l|e
0o|u|, 0u|un, und 0ur|und|||un dum. w||| |e recomm|..|oned lo
prov|de wuler or |rr|ul|on pro|ecl.. T|rou| l||. p|un, l|e umounl
o |rr|uled |und |. epecled lo ul |eu.l quudrup|e rom ZB,400 lo
I,I9S,400 donum. (u donum meu.ure. Z,S00 .q m).
\|, doe. Kurd|.lun, w|l| |l. popu|ul|on o 4.9 m||||on, need
l||. umounl o |und devoled lo l|e ur|cu|luru| .eclor` T|e un.wer
|. .|mp|e. l|e KRL u.p|re. lo .e|-.uc|enc, o l|e ood |u.|el or
l|e enl|re Re|on, w|l| l|e ur|cu|luru| .eclor u|.o p|u,|n u
|eud|n ro|e |n l|e .oc|o-econom|c deve|opmenl o Kurd|.lun. T||.
u|m requ|re. l|e l|n|.lr, lo ormu|ule delu||ed p|un. or munu|n
l|e Re|on. wuler re.ource. (.uruce und .u|.uruce),
coord|nul|n ur|cu|luru| wuler u.ue w|l| dome.l|c .upp|,,
en.ur|n l|ul roundwuler .upp||e. ure munued |n u .u.lu|nu||e
munner, und pull|n |nlo p|uce meu.ure. lo re.urrecl l|e
ur|cu|luru| .eclor, |eore deve|op|n |l |nlo u v||runl, .u.lu|nu||e,
und elen.|ve eulure o Kurd|.lun. econom,.
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on c|eur|, |u. u |on wu, lo o lo u||| |l.
ur|cu|luru| um||l|on., |ul l|ere |. condence |ocu||, l|ul, w|l|
po||l|cu| .upporl und l|e |nvo|vemenl o ore|n |nve.lor. und
.||||ed udv|.or., |l. v|.|on |u. ever, c|unce o |e|n reu||.ed.
P|un. lo produce ever,l||n l|ul Kurd|.lun need. requ|re
un eponenl|u| |ncreu.e |n l|e ,|e|d. o l|e Re|on. crop. ucro..
l|e |ourd-und |n|l|ul|ve. ure |n p|uce lo dou||e l|e veelu||e
,|e|d rom 00,000 lo over b00,000 lonne., und l|e ru|l ,|e|d
rom S,000 lo ZS0,000 lonne. |, Z0I. T|e KRL. p|un. u|.o
env|.ue u .|n|cunl |ncreu.e |n meul, du|r,, und pou|lr,
producl|on-enou| lo .ul|., |ocu| demund und even lo eporl.
l|| o l|e.e udvunce. requ|re un equu| deve|opmenl |n ood
proce..|n, und l|e p|un. cu|| or un udd|l|onu| |ure proce..|n
uclor|e. lo |e |u||l |, Z0I. lr|cu|lure |. o reul |mporlunce lo
l|e Re|on, und w||| |e even more .o u. l|e ,eur. o on.
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XjXYi\X[YXjb\kZXgXYc\f]efkfecp
]\\[`e^k_\gfglcXk`fef]k_\I\^`fe#
YlkXcjf\ogfik`e^kf_\ie\`^_Yfij
There is no shortage of
water for crops in Kurdistan
IIZ HEllTH
Viun Ruhmun interviews 0r Tuher A Huwrumi,
KR6 Minister of Heulth
lor reuder. w|o ure new lo Kurd|.lun. |eu|l|cure .,.lem, cun ,ou
|ve un overv|ew o |ow |l wor|.`
T|e |eu|l|cure .,.lem o l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on, und o l|e re.l o
lruq, |. d|v|ded |elween pu|||c und pr|vule doclor., c||n|c. und
|o.p|lu|.. Pu|||c und pr|vule |eu|l|cure |uve operuled |n puru||e|
or mun, ,eur., .o l||. |. u we||-e.lu|||.|ed eulure o our .,.lem.
Pu|||c |eu|l|cure |. ree o c|ure. Pr|vule |eu|l|cure |. pu|d or ul
l|e po|nl o u.e, u. l|ere |. u|mo.l no pr|vule |eu|l| |n.urunce.
Euc| overnorule |u. |l. own 0|reclorule o Heu|l|. T|e
overnorule. ure d|v|ded |nlo d|.lr|cl., w||c| ure |n c|ure o
|o.p|lu|., pr|mur, |eu|l| cenler., und .econdur, und lerl|ur,
cenler. |n l|e|r ureu..
How |. pu|||c |eu|l|cure unded`
T|e Kurd|.lun Re|on u. u w|o|e rece|ve. I1 percenl o l|e lruq|
|udel-l|ou|, |n reu||l,, we olen rece|ve |e.. l|un l||.-und l|e
KRL dec|de. |ow muc| o our .|ure lo .pend on |eu|l|. So we |uve
\or||n lowurd. u c|l|.en-
cenlered |eu|l|cure .,.lem
qu|le u deree o |ndependenl dec|.|on-mu||n over our |eu|l|
epend|lure und p|unn|n. However, we |uve |e.. conlro| over
med|c|ne., u. we rece|ve u|oul 40-S0 percenl o our med|c|ne
need. d|recl|, rom l|e lederu| l|n|.lr, o Heu|l| |n Bu|dud.
How wou|d ,ou rule l|e .lule o ,our |eu|l|cure .,.lem`
ll. u m|ed p|clure. l we compure |l lo l|e I990. und eur|, Z000.,
w|en we were under u dou||e em|uro und l|e econom, wu. |n
ver, |ud .|upe, our .,.lem lodu, |. muc| |eller. Now we cun
.pend more on |eu|l| und, w|l| u |eller .ecur|l, .|luul|on, l|e
num|er o |ed. per popu|ul|on und |o.p|lu| v|.|lor rule. |n
Kurd|.lun ure |||er l|un |n l|e re.l o lruq. \e u|.o |uve enou|
doclor., nur.e., purumed|c .lu und non-med|cu| .lu, .o l|ere
|.nl u .|orlue o per.onne|.
However, we |uve .ome |u.|c pro||em. l|ul we ure lr,|n lo
uddre... \e need lo move l|e ocu. lowurd. pr|mur, |eu|l|cure
und prevenl|ve med|c|ne. \e |uve u pul|enl-cenlered .,.lem,
w||c| need. lo |ecome u c|l|.en-cenlered .,.lem. Dn uverue,
l|ere |. one pr|mur, |eu|l| cenlre (PHC) per .ome S,100 peop|e.
\|||e l||. |. muc| |eller l|un |n l|e re.l o lruq, mun, pul|enl.
.l||| o .lru||l lo |o.p|lu| or pr|mur, need., purl|, |ecuu.e o
Kurdistan aims to offer the best possible healthcare within its budget
HEllTH II
o|d |u||l. und purl|, |ecuu.e .ome PHC. ure nol oer|n l|e
|eve| o cure l|ul l|e, .|ou|d.
How do l|e pr|vule und pu|||c .eclor. wor| loel|er`
Bol| .,.lem. |uve operuled .|mu|luneou.|, |n lruq or mun,
,eur.. Dn l|e one |und, pr|vule |o.p|lu|., und doclor. |n l|e|r
pr|vule prucl|ce., oer ec|enc,, .peed und quu||l,, und |e|p lo
lu|e l|e pre..ure o l|e nul|onu| |eu|l|cure .,.lem. lnd,
recenl|,, .ome new |o|nl pu|||c-pr|vule |n|l|ul|ve. |uve |een
|enel|n |ol|. lor eump|e, l|e con.lrucl|on o l|e led,u
0|uno.l|c Cenler und l|e Er||| Curd|uc Cenler were unded |,
l|e KRL, |ul l|e, ure operuled |, l|e pr|vule .eclor und lu|e
|ol| pr|vule und nul|onu| |eu|l| cu.e..
However, l|ere |. u|.o con|cl |elween l|e lwo .,.lem., und
l||. |u. lo |e luc||ed. lun, doclor. wor| |n |ol| l|e pu|||c und
pr|vule .eclor., und l||. .omel|me. cuu.e. u con|cl o |nlere.l.
T|ere |. u .|orlue o pu|||c-.eclor doclor., purl|cu|ur|, |n um||,
med|c|ne. T|e, |uve u |euv, wor||oud und ver, u|| c||n|c.. L|ven
l|e |enel. und rewurd. l|ul l|e, nd |n l|e|r pr|vule prucl|ce.,
|l. nol .urpr|.|n l|ul mun, o l|em ded|cule ewer |our. lo l|e
pu|||c .eclor, w||c| |nev|lu||, .uer..
T|e con|cl |. .,mplomul|c o un over-re||unce on doclor.,
w|en mun, o l|e|r lu.|. cun, und .|ou|d, |e done |, nur.e.,
purumed|c., occupul|onu| l|erup|.l., p|,.|ol|erup|.l. und
menlu|-|eu|l| wor|er.. T||. wou|d lu|e l|e pre..ure o doclor..
So w|, urenl l|e ol|er |eu|l|cure wor|er. do|n l|o.e lu.|.`
Becuu.e o l|e .||||. up. lm ver, p|eu.ed lo .u, l|ul, |n Kurd|.lun,
nur.|n |u. now |ecome re.pecled, und we |uve rou||, equu|
num|er. o men und women |n l|e proe..|on. However, ver, ew
o our nur.e. |uve done our ,eur. o .lud, ul l|e Co||ee o
Nur.|n. lo.l |uve on|, |ud .ome lru|n|n .lru||l uler m|dd|e or
.econdur, .c|oo|, or lwo ,eur. ul u med|cu| |n.l|lule. Br|d|n l|e
.||||. up or u|| |eu|l|cure wor|er. |. one o our pr|or|l|e..
\|ul ure ,our mu|n po||c|e.`
Dur u|m. ure lo |uve u |eu|l||er popu|ul|on, und lo oer l|e |e.l
po..|||e |eu|l|cure l|ul we cun w|l| our |udel. T||. meun.
.lrenl|en|n prevenl|ve und pr|mur, |eu|l|cure, |mprov|n
munuemenl und |nru.lruclure, und prov|d|n conl|nuou.
proe..|onu| deve|opmenl lo our doclor., nur.e. und ol|er
|eu|l|cure wor|er..
\|ul opporlun|l|e. e|.l or ore|n orun|.ul|on. or compun|e.
lo wor| |n Kurd|.lun. |eu|l| .eclor`
lore|n un|ver.|l|e. und lru|n|n |n.l|lul|on. cun |e|p u. u reul
deu| w|l| ono|n lru|n|n und educul|on, nol on|, or med|cu|
.lu |ul u|.o or our munuer., udm|n|.lrulor. und dulu
conlro||er.. T|ere mu, u|.o |e opporlun|l|e. or pu|||c |eu|l|
eperl. w|o cun udv|.e u. on co.l ec|enc|e., dru-.upp|,
munuemenl, und dulu-munuemenl .,.lem.. \e |uve u|reud,
run .ome lru|n|n prorum. w|l| Iordun|un |n.l|lul|on., und we ure
|n d|.cu..|on. w|l| Br|l|.| un|ver.|l|e., leuc||n |o.p|lu|. und l|e
Ro,u| Co||ee.. Bul we need lo overcome l|e pro||em o l|e UK
v|.u-upp||cul|on proce... ln l|e pr|vule .eclor, ore|ner. w|o
w|.| lo .el up pr|vule |o.p|lu|., c||n|c. or ol|er |eu|l| .erv|ce.
cou|d quu||, or |ncenl|ve. under l|e Kurd|.lun lnve.lmenl luw.
T|o.e opporlun|l|e. ure cerlu|n|, worl| ep|or|n.
Erbil Hospital Healthcare is split between the private and public sectors
II4 E0UClTlDN
E0UClTlDN IIS
The Region is muking rupid progress in this ureu, writes
Sufeen 0izuyee, KR6 Minister of Educution
T|e KRL w||| nd no |eller |nve.lmenl l|un l|e educul|on o l|e
Re|on. c|||dren. No cup|lu| |nve.lmenl cun, |n l|e |on run,
mulc| l|e relurn. l|ul w||| |e uc||eved rom un educuled
popu|ul|on, cupu||e o compel|n |n l|e |o|u| econom,.
l, co||euue. |uve pre.enled url|c|e. oul||n|n l|e v|.|on.
und p|un. o l|e|r m|n|.lr|e. und depurlmenl., und l |e||eve l|e
uccomp||.|menl. o l|e KRL over l|e pu.l ew ,eur. prove l|ul we
ure, |ndeed, on l|e r||l lruc| or deve|opmenl. T|ere |. ump|e
reu.on or opl|m|.m. T|e ro|e o l|e KRL l|n|.lr, o Educul|on,
l |e||eve, |. lo uc|||lule .,.lem-w|de |mprovemenl. |n leuc||n
cupuc|l, und mel|odo|o,, |ul u|.o lo |n.p|re u cu|lure o |eurn|n,
lo nurlure un upprec|ul|on o |now|ede, und lo encourue l|e
.p|r|l o leumwor| und purlner.||p. T|e .ucce.. o our prorum.
w||| |enel KRL |n|l|ul|ve. |n vur|ou. .eclor., rom ur|cu|lure lo lT,
und w||| prov|de cupu||e und euer .ludenl. reud, lo enue |n
|||er educul|on und ener|.e our wor|orce.
Becuu.e our c|||dren w||| u|de u. |n l|e ,eur. lo come,
educul|on reuc|e. ucro.. u|| |ndu.lr|e. und .erv|ce. |n l|e pu|||c
und pr|vule .eclor.. Creul|n un |nleruled, modern educul|onu|
|nru.lruclure |. un enormou. lu.|, requ|r|n l|e com||ned eorl.
o l|ou.und. o ded|culed leuc|er., udm|n|.lrulor., und eperl..
T|e co.l, |owever, pu|e. |n compur|.on w|l| l|e |enel.. T|e
|now|ede u|.or|ed |, our c|||dren doe. nol ude, un|||e |u||d|n.
or roud.. T|e |nve.lmenl o re.ource. |n l|e educul|on o our
c|||dren |. ur more .u.lu|nu||e. l|.o, |l u||ow. ,ouner enerul|on.
lo cup|lu||.e upon l|e|r |now|ede und .||||. lo conlr||ule lo our
Re|on und creule |eller, more ec|enl, more |nnovul|ve
.o|ul|on.. ll |. l|e .u.lu|nu||||l,, und l|e un|ver.u| upp||cul|on und
ul|||l,, o educul|on l|ul mu|e. our lu.| .o |mporlunl.
T|un|u||,, l|e KRL |u. proved orwurd-|oo||n |n l||.
reurd, und |u. comm|lled |l.e| u||, lo l|e |mporlunce, und
nece..|l,, o prov|d|n l|e educul|onu| .||||. requ|red lo compele
|n lodu,. econom,. l w||| oul||ne |r|e, .ome o our mo.l
|mporlunl |n|l|ul|ve., ocu.|n c||e, on pr|mur, educul|on.
lnve.l|n |n l|e ulure.
u comm|lmenl lo educul|on
ln un, .oc|el, .uc| u. Kurd|.lun., w|l| |l. ||.lor, o
under|nve.lmenl und con|cl, ||leruc, |. u mu|or concern. Dver l|e
pu.l decude, we |uve wor|ed |urd u. u overnmenl lo reduce
||||leruc, rule., purl|cu|ur|, |elween l|e ue. o .| und IS. Dur
eorl. |uve |een .ucce..u|. ln Z000, l|e ||||leruc, rule |n
Kurd|.lun wu. un unucceplu||, ||| 1 percenl. T||. |u. |een
reduced lo I1 percenl |n Z0I0-.l||| ur rom ucceplu||e, |ul
c|eur|, |mprov|n. \e u|.o pr|or|l|.e nol on|, l|e leuc||n o
En||.| u|on.|de Kurd|.|, |ul u|.o, u. our .oc|el, |. mu|l|-el|n|c,
l|e leuc||n o l..,r|un, lrumu|c, und Tur|men or l|o.e
purl|cu|ur commun|l|e., w||c| we |uve |nlroduced.
\e |uve u|.o .lr|ven lo en.ure l|ul |o,. und |r|. ure |ven
equu| opporlun|l|e. lo reu||.e l|e|r own polenl|u| |n u .upporl|ve
env|ronmenl. T||. |. un |mporlunl ucl lo emp|u.|.e-|n Kurd|.lun,
|o,. und |r|. ure equu| |n l|e|r r||l. und |n |ow l|e, ure luu|l.
To uc||eve l||. .upporl|ve env|ronmenl, we u|m lo lru|n our
leuc|er. lo l|e |||e.l .lundurd. und en.ure l|e, |uve l|e
uppropr|ule .||||. or l|em lo |e.l deve|op our c|||dren. polenl|u|.
T|ere remu|n. muc| more lo |e done. ln l|e pu.l, our
peop|e were depr|ved o u proper .,.lem or educul|n und
nurlur|n our c|||dren. \e |uve wor|ed ervenl|, lo creule un
ulmo.p|ere o |eurn|n-und lo |u||d enou| .c|oo|. |n w||c| lo
lru|n our ,oun .ludenl.. T|e com|n ,eur. w||| .ee url|er
|mprovemenl. und more .lep. orwurd.
lnve.lor. und enlrepreneur. w|o ure ep|or|n opporlun|l|e.
nuluru||, con.|der l|e quu||l, o |u|or .||||. uvu||u||e |n l|e |ocu|
mur|el-w|el|er |n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on or e|.ew|ere. Euc| ,eur,
we w||| produce ruduule. w|l| u more ro|u.l |now|ede |u.e,
.|urper .||||. und reuler |o|u| uwurene...
l do nol c|u|m l|ul our educul|on .,.lem |. on u pur w|l|
l|o.e o l|e mo.l udvunced nul|on. |n l|e wor|d, |ul we ure
|mprov|n rup|d|,. l um condenl l|ul pr|vule compun|e., |ol|
|ocu| und |nlernul|onu|, w||| nd l|ou.und. o lu|enled, cupu||e,
und w||||n ,oun men und women euer lo ep|ore emp|o,menl
opporlun|l|e. und pul l|e|r .||||. lo wor|. ln l|e meunl|me, our
.c|oo|. w||| row, our prorum. w||| deve|op, und Kurd|.lun w|||
conl|nue |nve.l|n |n l|e ulure |, |nve.l|n |n |l. c|||dren.
IIb E0UClTlDN
Professor 0luwer AluAldeen highlights the progrums
designed to improve the prospects of the Regions
students und provide benehts for globul purtners
T|e l|n|.lr, o H||er Educul|on und Sc|enl|c Re.eurc| (lHE-KRL)
|u. |n|l|uled u mu|or reorm prorum or modern|.|n und
decenlru||.|n l|e |||er-educul|on .,.lem. ll |. l|e v|.|on o l|e
peop|e o Kurd|.lun, |nc|ud|n overnmenl oc|u|., udm|n|.lrulor.,
und ucu|l, mem|er. lo |mprove l|e quu||l, o l|e |n.l|lul|on. o
|||er educul|on und |uve l|em counled umon l|e |e.l |n lruq,
Un|ver.|l|e. |n
Kurd|.lun. deve|op|n
l|e lerl|ur, .eclor
l|e l|dd|e Eu.l, und l|e wor|d. To en.ure l||. v|.|on, l|e l|n|.lr,
|u. |eun l|e lrun.er o power lo un|ver.|l, udm|n|.lrulor. .o
l|ul l|e, cun conlro| l|e|r own |n.l|lul|on. nunc|u||, und
ucudem|cu||,. T|e l|n|.lr,. ro|e w||| ocu. on .lrule|c p|unn|n,
und|n, und uud|l|n, w|||e en.ur|n quu||l, und equu||l,. To
.lu||||.e l|e v|.|on, |uw. re|ul|n lo |||er educul|on w||| .oon |e
reu||ned |n co||u|orul|on w|l| KRL pur||umenlur, oc|u|..
Severu| mec|un|.m. enu|||n purlner|n re|ul|on.||p. lo
|mprove und deve|op |umun cupuc|l, l|rou| |||er educul|on
|uve |een pul |n p|uce.
Reliable, high-speed internet connectivity is one of
the targets of the Regions investment in universities
E0UClTlDN II1
THE NEW PH0 PATHWAY cu||. or .p||l-.|le P|0 .uperv|.|on |n
w||c| docloru| .ludenl. rom Kurd|.lun w||| comp|ele l|e|r
re.eurc| w|l| u proe..or |n u ore|n cenlre o ece||ence, |n
co||u|orul|on w|l| u proe..or rom Kurd|.lun,
THE HUMAN CAPACTY 0EVELDPMENT PRD6RAM (HC0P) |. u
mu|or .c|o|ur.||p |n|l|ul|ve l|ul wu. |uunc|ed l||. ,eur or
.ludenl. rom l|e Kurd|.lun re|on lo .lud, |n ore|n
counlr|e.. HC0P |. comm|lled lo prov|d|n SI m||||on u ,eur |n
.c|o|ur.||p. lo .end Kurd|.lun lu.ler. und 0ocloru| .ludenl.
lo l|e |e.l un|ver.|l|e. uround l|e wor|d,
STU0ENT AN0 FACULTY EXCHAN6E PRD6RAMS ure reud, lo |e
|n.l|luled now l|ul Kurd|.lun en|o,. u .lu||e env|ronmenl und
du||, ||l. rom Europe,
TEACHN6 DPPDRTUNTES or epulr|ule. |n Kurd|.lun u|ound
|n |ol| pu|||c und pr|vule un|ver.|l|e.,
SA88ATCALS TD TEACHN6 STAFF w||| |e oered |, l|e l|n|.lr,
lo u||ow l|em lo co||u|orule und curr, oul |o|nl re.eurc| w|l|
|nlernul|onu| un|ver.|l, co||euue..
Prorum. .uc| u. l|e.e w||| en.ure rup|d |mprovemenl |n
re.eurc| producl|on, leuc||n mel|odo|o|e., und curr|cu|um
conlenl, u|| o w||c| ure cr|l|cu| or l|e rup|d |mprovemenl o
|||er educul|on. Kurd|.lun |. u|.o mu||n u mu|or |nve.lmenl
|n |||er educul|on, lolu||n neur|, SZ. |||||on w|l| l|e
con.lrucl|on o cumpu.e..
0e.p|le mu..|ve epun.|on o |l. commun|cul|on.
|nru.lruclure, Kurd|.lun |u. ,el lo reu||.e l|e ou| o con.lunl,
dependu||e, |||-.peed |nlernel connecl|v|l,-u|.o|ule|,
nece..ur, or ucudem|c rowl| und u modern requ|remenl or
re.eurc| ucl|v|l,. Kurd|.lun. un|ver.|l|e. w||| requ|re |u|orulor|e.
und equ|pmenl w|l| u|| l|e uccoulremenl. o modern lec|no|o,,
u. we|| u. l|e u||||l, lo upp|, new |now|ede und .||||..
T|e l|n|.lr, o H||er Educul|on |. |oo||n or .o|ul|on.,
|o|nl venlure., und oul.ourc|n rom |o|u| purlner. lo prov|de
l|e muluu| |enel. o l|e ||| demund und |nudequule prov|.|on
o po.l-.econdur, educul|on, un env|ronmenl w|ere l|ere ure
more .ludenl. l|un l|e un|ver.|l|e. cun uccommodule.
Encouru|n |runc| cumpu.e. o .e|ecled |nlernul|onu|
un|ver.|l|e. |r|n. un |mmed|ule |ncreu.e |n l|e quu||l, o |||er
educul|on. ln Er|||, l|e pr|vule lrenc|-le|une.e Un|ver.|l, |u.
mel w|l| mu|or .ucce.. und |. |n l|e proce.. o epun.|on.
Twe|ve pr|vule un|ver.|l|e. |uve |een e.lu|||.|ed .|nce
Z00b, l|e ,eur |n w||c| l|e l|n|.lr, o H||er Educul|on und
Sc|enl|c Re.eurc| wu. e.lu|||.|ed |, l|e KRL. ln udd|l|on,
pr|vule un|ver.|l|e. ure |nve.l|n |n Kurd|.lun, l|e.e |nc|ude l|e
lmer|cun Un|ver.|l, o lruq |n Su|u|mun|u, w||c| |u. ru|.ed over
SI00 m||||on lo comp|ele u new cumpu. und .erve |l. currenl
enro||menl o S00 .ludenl..
T|e l|n|.lr, |. comm|lled lo l|e.e ou|., und |o.led un
unnuu| |nlernul|onu| conerence |n 0ecem|er Z0I0 l|ul |rou|l
loel|er m|n|.ler., pre.|denl., und proe..or. o |||er educul|on
rom uround l|e wor|d lo enu||e co||u|orul|on, nelwor||n, und
opporlun|l|e. o muluu| |enel.
Kurd|.lun |. eper|enc|n un educul|onu| |oom ue|ed |, un
econom|c |oom, ev|denced |, SS |||||on .penl |n con.lrucl|on
over l|e |u.l ve ,eur.. Dpporlun|l|e. e|.l or |nve.lor. lo |n.lu||
.,.lem., cenler., und cumpu.e.. \e remu|n condenl l|ul, w|l|
|o|u| purlner., we cun mun|e.l l|e |||e.l quu||l, or |||er
educul|on or l|e peop|e o l|e Re|on.
ESTA8LSHE0 UNVERSTES
Huw|er led|cu| Un|ver.|l,
Un|ver.|l, o 0o|o|
Un|ver.|l, o Ko,u
Un|ver.|l, o Su|u|udd|n
Un|ver.|l, o Sorun
Un|ver.|l, o Su|u|mun|u
NEW UNVERSTES DPENN6 Z0I0-II
Un|ver.|l, o Lurm|un
Un|ver.|l, o Hu|u||u|
Un|ver.|l, o Rupur|n
Un|ver.|l, o Zu||o
THE VSDN FDR SCENTFC RESEARCH
Connecl|n .c|enl|.l. o l|e Re|on w|l| l|e wor|d,
Send|n proe..or. on .c|enl|c .c|o|ur.||p.,
E.lu|||.||n un |nlernul|onu| .,.lem or P|0 deree.,
Ho.l|n unnuu| |nlernul|onu| conerence. or
.c|enl|c re.eurc|
THE VSDN TD NCREASE THE QUALTY DF H6HER E0UCATDN
uu||l,-u..urunce .,.lem.,
Conl|nu|n educul|on prorum. or ucudem|c.,
Broud curr|cu|um uprude.,
Unduled lu.ler. deree prorum.,
En||.|-|unuue prorum.,
New .ludenl-udm|..|on .,.lem.
IIB ll\lNL lN lN0 \lSlTlNL KUR0lSTlN
After generutions of suppression, Kurdish culture is
chunging due to the combined effects of technology
und globul inhuences, suys Hushem Ahmudzudeh
l. u peop|e e|.l|n |n u vur|ed |und und w|l| mun, ne|||or., l|e
Kurd. |uve u r|c| und vur|ed cu|lure, |m|ued w|l| deep lrud|l|on.
und now co|ored |ncreu.|n|, |, l|e |mpucl o modern|l,. lur rom
Kurd|.| cu|lure.
modern|l, ver.u. lrud|l|on
Traditional aspects of Kurdish culture
coexist alongside modern forms of
artistic expression and entertainment
l|e |nuence. o modern ||e.l,|e., l|e cu|luru| producl|on. o
Kurd|.| .oc|el|e. were mu|n|, oru|. Bu||ud. und .on. reecled
l|e vur|ou. u.pecl. o Kurd|.| .oc|u| und cu|luru| pecu||ur|l|e.,
w|||e poelr, wu., unl|| l|e I9l| cenlur,, l|e on|, mun|e.lul|on
o Kurd|.| cu|lure |n l|e e|d o wr|llen ||lerulure. T|e r|c| oru|
||lerulure, u|on.|de l|e c|u..|cu| poelr,, promoled l|e
d|.l|ncl|vene.. o l|e Kurd|.| el|no-||nu|.l|c roup.
ll\lNL lN lN0 \lSlTlNL KUR0lSTlN II9
Dw|n lo vur|ou. eorup||cu|, po||l|cu| und cu|luru| reu.on.,
l|e Kurd. were nol rud|cu||, uecled |, l|e modern|.ul|on po||c|e.
udopled |, l|e Dllomun und u|ur emp|re. l|ul overned
Kurd|.lun |n l|e I9l| cenlur,, und lrud|l|onu| wu,. o ||e conl|nued
un|nlerrupled. Bul l||. wu. lo c|une |n l|e eur|, decude. o l|e
Z0l| cenlur,. T|e ormul|on o l|e new nul|on .lule. o lruq,
Tur|e,, und S,r|u, u|on.|de lrun, cuu.ed u .preud o nul|onu||.m
umon l|e Kurd|.| e||le, w|o u|.o demunded u new Kurd|.| .lule.
RE6DNAL RESSTANCE T|e u|m o l|e new .lule. wu. lo
e.lu|||.| el|n|cu||, |u.ed nul|on. ul l|e epen.e o den,|n ol|er
el|n|c roup., |nc|ud|n l|e Kurd., und l|e|r ||nu|.l|c und cu|luru|
eulure.. T||. cuu.ed u |uc||u.|, puv|n l|e wu, or rud|cu|
c|une. |n Kurd|.| cu|luru| ||e. Kurd|.| |ournu||.m, modern poelr,,
.|orl .lor|e. und nove|. were umon l|o.e cu|luru| producl|on.
l|ul demon.lruled l|e urr|vu| o u new eru |n l|e Kurd|.| .oc|el|e..
Bul l|e oppre..|ve po||l|c. o l|e new .lule. d|d nol u||ow
|urmon|ou. deve|opmenl o l|e new Kurd|.| cu|lure. ln ucl, l|e
po||c, o modern|.ul|on conducled |, l|e.e ||||, cenlru||.ed
.lule., e.pec|u||, |n l|e e|d o cu|lure, mude l|e Kurd|.| |unuue
u po||l|cu| p|enomenon l|ul wu. con.|dered u l|reul uu|n.l l|e
cenler. ller |e|n |unned rom l|e e|d o educul|on und
udm|n|.lrul|ve depurlmenl., l|e Kurd|.| |unuue .lru|ed lo
.urv|ve und reuc| l|e |ule decude. o l|e Z0l| cenlur,.
CULTURAL REAWAKENN6 T|e po||l|cu| c|une. |n l|e
l|dd|e Eu.l lowurd. l|e end o l|e Z0l| cenlur, conlr||uled lo
l|e modern|.ul|on o Kurd|.| cu|lure more l|un ever |eore. T|e
I99I Kurd|.| upr|.|n |n lruq| Kurd|.lun, und, con.equenl|,, l|e
e.lu|||.|menl o u de uclo |ndependenl enl|l,, rud|cu||, c|uned
pre.uppo.|l|on. or l|e re.urence o Kurd|.| cu|lure.
Huv|n now |een l|e |unuue o educul|on und
udm|n|.lrul|on or u|oul lwo decude., l|e Kurd|.| |unuue |u.
reuc|ed un unprecedenled |eve| |n |l. deve|opmenl. T|e pre.ence
o ve du||, new.puper., numerou. wee||, und monl||, |ournu|.,
und more l|un Z0 .ule|||le T\ c|unne|. |ol| |n Kurd|.lun und |n
d|u.poru |uve modern|.ed Kurd|.| cu|lure .|n|cunl|,. T|e
e|.lence o udvunced pu|||.||n |ou.e. |n Kurd|.lun und l|e|r
pro||c pu|||cul|on o |oo|., l|e |ncreu.|n num|er o un|ver.|l|e.
Gif]fle[Z_Xe^\j`ek_\jfZ`Xcc`]\f]
k_\I\^`feXe[k_\XdY`k`fejf]X_`^_cp
\[lZXk\[Xe[df[\ie`q\[jfZ`\kp_Xm\
fg\e\[e\n_fi`qfej]fiBli[`j_Zlckli\
w|l| l|e|r len. o l|ou.und. o .ludenl., u|on.|de modern meun.
o commun|cul|on, |uve u|| |e|ped lo lrun.orm Kurd|.| cu|lure.
T|e row|n epeclul|on. |n .oc|u| und cu|luru| ||e, due lo
reuler .ecur|l, |n Kurd|.lun und l|e econom|c deve|opmenl o
l|e Re|on, |uve opened new cu|luru| |or|.on.. T||. modern
cu|lure, |uv|n u|.or|ed mun, |o|u| |nuence., |u. c|u||ened
Kurd|.| lrud|l|on.. However, l|e lruce. o lrud|l|onu| cu|lure,
e.pec|u||, |n l|e .oc|u| domu|n, ure |n l|e|r lurn u c|u||ene lo l|e
eecl. o modern cu|lure. T|e |euv, pre.ence o l|e |ule.l
commun|cul|on lec|no|o, |n Kurd|.lun, und |l. con|cl w|l|
lrud|l|onu| vu|ue., requ|re. we||-p|unned .oc|u| und cu|luru|
en|neer|n lo prov|de u more |urmon|ou. wu, o ||e.
T|e proound c|une. |n l|e .oc|u| ||e o l|e Re|on und
l|e um||l|on. o u ||||, educuled und modern|.ed .oc|el, |uve
opened new |or|.on. or Kurd|.| cu|lure, w||c| |. |n .eurc| o
new wu,. o |e|n url|cu|uled. T||. new .|luul|on encourue.
|nve.lmenl |n vur|ou. e|d. o cu|luru| ||e, .uc| u. modern
lec|no|o|e. o |unuue-leuc||n, pu|||.||n, lrun.|ul|on,
educul|on, |m und le|ev|.|on, .porl., und lour|.m. T|e rup|d
modern|.ul|on o l|e Kurd|.| .oc|el|e. |. nol on|, c|u||en|n
lrud|l|onu| co||ecl|ve cu|luru| pullern., |l |. prom|.|n un ec|l|n
ulure or u|| l|o.e |nvo|ved |n Kurd|.lun.
The Regions burgeoning media
sector produces a wide variety of
Kurdish-language publications
IZ0 ll\lNL lN lN0 \lSlTlNL KUR0lSTlN
Humit 8ozurslun, director of studies ut EHESS in Puris,
expluins how und why differing communities huve
brought religious und linguistic plurulity to the Region
T|e overw|e|m|n mu|or|l, o Kurd|.lun. |n|u||lunl. ure
Kurd|.|-.peu||n lu.||m., .l|||, lru| und Dllomun |mper|u|
pu.l.-u. we|| u. l|e mundule, Repu|||cun und Buul||.l
|euc|e.-|uve .|uped u re|||ou.|, und ||nu|.l|cu||, d|ver.|ed
'Kurd|.lun| .oc|el,, u lerm w||c| |. olen u.ed |, Kurd|.|
|nle||ecluu|. und po||l|c|un.. T|e.e d|erenl roup. |uve
comp|emenlur,, ,el .pec|c, ||.lor|cu| lru|eclor|e., roup
|denl|l|e. und memor|e., und, nuluru||,, u|.o d|.l|ncl re|||ou.
||erurc||e. or .ecu|ur repre.enlul|ve..
Kurd|.lun. mu|l|-el|n|c .oc|el,
l. Dru S|wurl.-Beer|. mun|cenl |oo| T|e Iew. o
Kurd|.lun. 0u||, l|e, Cu.lom., lrl. und Crul. (Ieru.u|em, T|e
l.rue| lu.eum, Z000) ulle.l., ||.lor|cu||,, l|e Iew. con.l|luled
one o l|e mo.l |mporlunl componenl. o l|e Kurd|.lun| .oc|el,,
|eore l|e|r m|rul|on rom lruq |n l|e I9S0. und b0.. lun, o
l|em |epl u||ve l|e no.lu||u o l|e|r or||nu| |ome, und .ome
mem|er. o l||. d|u.poru reu||.ed un emol|onu| p||r|mue lo
Kurd|.lun uler l|e u|| o l|e Buul| re|me |n Z00.
T|e muler|u| co||ecled |, l|re||u Lu||ell| (Cr|.l|un| de|
Kurd|.lun, Rome, Iouvence, Z00) .|ow. l|ul l|e l..,r|un. und
C|u|deun., w|o |e|on lo l|e o|de.l C|r|.l|un commun|l|e. |n l|e
wor|d, |uve u|wu,. occup|ed un |mporlunl p|uce |n Kurd|.lun.
ur|un und ruru| |und.cupe.. lun, mem|er. o l|e.e commun|l|e.,
With the majority of the population being
Muslim, mosques are a frequently seen
feature of Kurdistans landscape
ll\lNL lN lN0 \lSlTlNL KUR0lSTlN IZI
w||c| were v|cl|m. o mu..|ve repre..|on. dur|n l|e |ule
Dllomun per|od und |n l|e ulermul| o lruq. |ndependence |n
I9Z, |uve purl|c|puled |n l|e Kurd|.| .lru|e.. T|e |eendur,
pe.|meru |ler lururel Leore, w|o wu. ||||ed |n l|e I9b0.,
und lruno|. Hur|r|, w|o per|.|ed |n u lerror ulluc| |n Z00I, ure
remem|ered u. |mporlunl pulr|ol|c ure. o lruq| Kurd|.| ||.lor,.
Todu,, l|e.e commun|l|e. |uve |ecome l|euler. o u enu|ne
cu|luru| und |nle||ecluu| renewu|.
Dne .|ou|d u|.o under||ne l|e |mporlunce o l|e Kurd|.|
S||u m|nor|l,, |nown u. lu,||.. Bure|, eceed|n ZS0,000 peop|e,
l||. commun|l, wu. umon l|e r.l v|cl|m. o Suddum Hu..e|n.
pre.|denc,, w||c| .lurled |n I919, und mun, were deporled lo
ne|||or|n lrun .|orl|, |eore l|e I9B0-BB lrun-lruq \ur. Some
mem|er. o l||. commun|l, remu|ned |n lrun uler l|e Z00
Lu| \ur, l|e ol|er. cume |uc| lo lruq und dec|ded lo ||ve e|l|er
|n Bu|dud or |n Kurd|.lun.
T|e `e.|d|. con.l|lule ,el unol|er d|.l|ncl re|||ou.
commun|l,, |n .p|le o l|e ucl l|ul l|e, ure ec|u.|ve|, Kurd|.|
.peu|er.. l|l|ou| `e.|d|.m |u. e|.led u. u .epurule re|||on
on|, .|nce l|e IZl| cenlur,, mun, .c|o|ur. con.|der l|ul |l.
lun|c|eun .ource. o |uc| lo pre-l.|um|c per|od.. H|.lor|cu|
documenl. ulle.l l|ul l|e, were .porud|cu||, repre..ed under l|e
Dllomun ru|e und .o|d u. .|uve., und l|e|r purl|c|pul|on |n l|e
I9Z revo|l u|on.|de l|e C|r|.l|un. co.l l|em deur|,. T||.
commun|l,, w|o.e p|clure.que .|r|ne |n lu||.| |. |nown wor|dw|de,
|u. |een recenl|, |een l|e v|cl|m o lerror ulluc|., l|e mo.l
drumul|c |e|n l|o.e dur|n .ummer Z001 |n S|nd|ur, l|e|r .econd
mo.l |o|, p|uce, w||c| ||||ed .ome S00 peop|e.
l|nu||,, l|e Kurd|.| .oc|el, |. u|.o u ||nu|.l|cu||, p|uru| one,
u eulure l|ul one cun ep|u|n |, u con|cled, ,el .|ured, |euc,
o d|erenl emp|re., |ul u|.o |, l|e evo|ul|on o recenl decude..
lun, lru|. .ou|l u de uclo u.,|um |n Kurd|.lun uler l|e
Z00 wur |n order lo e.cupe rom v|o|ence |n l|e lru| purl. o
lruq. Bul l|e Kurd|.|-lru| coe|.lence |. mu|n|, v|.|||e |n K|r|u|,
u c|l, und u overnorule l|ul wu. lru||.ed under Buul| ru|e
l|rou| deporlul|on o Kurd|.| |n|u||lunl. und, |n .ome cu.e.,
orced |n.lu||ul|on o lru|. |n l|e .oul|.
D|v|ou.|,, re|ul|on. |elween l|e lwo commun|l|e., lru|.
und Kurd|.| relurnee., |uve nol u|wu,. |een eu.,. However, |n
.p|le o mun, pred|cl|on.-mude mu|n|, |, l|e lnlernul|onu|
Cr|.|. Lroup, w||c| eured |ure-.cu|e |nler-commun|lur|un
con|cl-K|r|u| .uered muc| |e.. l|un lo.u|, Bu.ru und
Bu|dud rom l|e lruq-w|de v|o|ence.
T|e len.|on. |elween l|e Kurd. und l|e Turcomun., ,el
unol|er ||nu|.l|c componenl o Kurd|.lun. demorup||c
|und.cupe, |uve |een rul|er we|| munued l|rou| .||||u|
mec|un|.m. o med|ul|on. T|e Turcomun lronl. pun-Tur||.l und
pro-ln|uru .lrule, |u. produced rul|er poor re.u|l., |ol| |n
K|r|u| und |n Er|||, cup|lu| o Kurd|.| Re|on. ln ucl, mun,
Turcomun po||l|c|un. |uve dec|ded lo cooperule e|l|er w|l| l|e
Kurd|.| po||l|cu| purl|e. or w|l| l|e lruq-w|de po||l|cu| orce.. T||.
Tur||.|-.peu||n commun|l, |u. |l. own po||l|cu| purl|e., u. we|| u.
pr|mur, und .econdur, .c|oo|. und u de uclo cu|luru| uulonom,.
T|e mu|l|-cone..|onu| und mu|l|-el|n|c eulure. o
Kurd|.lun |uve conlr||uled lo l|e ver, .|up|n o l|e po||l|cu|
c|u.. o lruq| Kurd|.lun. ln l|e Z00S-Z009 Re|onu| l..em||,,
re|||ou. m|nor|l|e. und Turcomun. were oered e||l .eul.. D
l|o.e e|ecled |n Z009, ve Turcomun. |uve |een e|ecled u.
repre.enlul|ve. o l|e|r commun|l,, und l|e re|||ou. commun|l|e.
|uve |een oered .| .eul. oul o III.
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Xe[c`e^l`jk`ZXccp[`m\ij`\[
Bli[`jkXe`jfZ`\kp
Yezidis from all over the
region gather and picnic
around the Lalish temples
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4HEFIRST#OMPANYFOR#ULTUREAND4OURISMIN)RAQI+URDISTAN
Babel Tours Shana SLrccL - ^nkawa - raq
hcnc : + 6 (o) ,o ,: 68o:- ccnLacLChahc-Lcurs.ccn
www. babel-tours. com
IZ ll\lNL lN lN0 \lSlTlNL KUR0lSTlN
Kurdistun muy not seem like un obvious pluce for u
vucution, but the Region hus much to offer the
internutionul truveler, us Kuren 0ubrowsku reports
lun|cenl mounlu|n .cener,, even l|e po..|||||l, o .|||n,
unc|enl ||.lor|cu| .|le., .ome dul|n |uc| lo l|eunder l|e Lreul,
und one o l|e wor|d. |one.l-|n|u||led .ell|emenl., w|l| u orl lo
prove |l. ldd lo l|e.e u v||runl und un|que cu|lure, de||c|ou. ood,
und enu|ne|, we|com|n peop|e, und l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on o lruq
|u. enou| ullrucl|on. lo .ul|., even l|e mo.l d|.cern|n lruve|er.
Bul |l. mo.l endeur|n eulure |. .uel, |n u counlr, w|ere
l|e l|reul o v|o|ence |u. mude lour|.m v|rluu||, |mpo..|||e. l
l||n, re|ul|ve|, peuceu| cre.cenl uround l|e upper r|m o l|e
counlr,, elend|n rom 0o|u| lo Er||| und Su|u|mun|u, |u.
u||owed lruq| Kurd|.lun lo conl|nue u. u lrud|l|onu| ureu o reue
rom l|e |eul o l|e p|u|n. or ore|ner., |nc|ud|n lroop.,
|u.|ne.. peop|e, und |ocu|.. T|e Re|on |u. |een reerred lo u.
'l|e ol|er lruq, un ureu o peuce und .lu||||l, w|ere .|n. o
deve|opmenl und con.lrucl|on ure ever,w|ere.
T|e l|n|.ler o lun|c|pu||l|e. und Tour|.m, lr Sum|r
l|du||u| lu.luu, |. o.ler|n l|e deve|opmenl o l|e ed||n
lour|.l |ndu.lr, |, encouru|n d|recl |nve.lmenl |n l|e Re|on.
|nru.lruclure. He |ud d|.cu..|on. w|l| UlE |nve.lor. u|oul
lour|.m pro|ecl. |n Ie|e| Sven und l|e reen |e|l l|ul .urround.
l|e c|l, o Er|||. Hu||lul |. con.lrucl|n I0 pu|||c pul|. |n l|e lown.
und v|||ue. l|ul w||| |e lurned over lo l|e m|n|.lr, or |eu.|n lo
enlrepreneur. lo operule u. .mu|| |u.|ne..e..
UK-|u.ed Leo Hunn o .pec|u||.l udvenlure lruve|
compun, H|nler|und Truve| (www.||nler|undlruve|.com) |. runn|n
lour. lo lruq| Kurd|.lun, london-|u.ed lKB Truve| und Tour. cun
urrune ||l., und l|e mu|or |ocu| |ole|.-.uc| u. l|e I|,un |n
0o|u|, l|e S|erulon |n Er|||, und l|e l.|l| |n Su|u|mun|u-cun
|e|p w|l| .||l.ee|n. Recenl roud-|u||d|n |. open|n up mun,
p|uce. o .cen|c |euul,, und u ren., o .pecu|ul|ve c|u|el- und
|ole|-|u||d|n |. lu||n p|uce |n S|uq|uwu, Rwundu., und 0u|un.
T|ere ure u|rporl. operul|n lo |nlernul|onu| .lundurd.
|n Er||| und Su|u|mun|u, und I0-du, lruq Kurd|.lun enlr, perm|l.
'T|e ol|er lruq. un ureu o
peuce und .lu||||l,
The splendid mountain
scenery at Rwanduz
SPONSORED FEATURE
Terre Entire, Paris
Cultural and spiritual tours
Phone: +33 (0) 1 44 39 03 03
www.terreentiere.com
Babel Tours, Erbil
Subsidiary of Terre Entire in Iraq
Phone : + 964 (0) 750 719 68 01
www.babel-tours.com
Kurdish identity and culture close up
Tours to Kurdistan
Kurdistan is a door to various countries,
nationalities and cultures. It borders Turkey,
Syria, Iran and Iraq.
Its religious population is diverse. While
the main religion is Islam, Christianity and
Yezidism are important, too. Assyrian and
Chaldean Christians make up a large minority,
not least because here lies the home of the
origins of Christianity. There is also a small
group of Kurdish Jews living in the province.
The different religious communities live
together in peace.
With their own geographic and spiritual
home, Kurds are now working hard to
preserve their culture and share what their
province has to offer with visitors.
What does Kurdistan have to offer?
Geologically, the province has much to offer.
Southern Iraq and Mesopotamia consist
of a at desert, but Kurdistan has not only
deserts, but also 2,000m-high mountains.
Visitors can pass from one type of scenery to
another in just a day.
Kurdistan is largely mountainous. The
highest point, at 3,611m, is known as Cheekah
Dar (black tent). These mountains are part of
the Zagros range, which continues on into Iran.
There are also many rivers owing through
them, including the Zab, which ows from the
east to the west, and the Tigris, which runs
through Kurdistan from Turkey and on to Iraq.
Spectacular tours
Visitors to the province enjoy a mix of culture,
religion and scenery. An eight-day tour from
Terre Entire, the Kurdistan tour specialists
with its subsidiary Babel Tours, provides a rich
variety in what is a very human experience.
You will discover landscapes of breathtaking
beauty, from the deserts in the south to the
mountains in the north and east. You will
see the Kurdish identity and culture close
up and learn of the often painful and tragic
history of a people that has withstood repeated
repression. You will encounter the minorities
who inhabit these lands and who form part of
a magnicent human tapestry.
More than 4,000 years ago, Assyria began
a process that was to leave its imprint on the
Middle East as a whole. Fourteen centuries
later, Medes, Babylonians and Scythians
opened a new chapter. During the tour, you will
follow in the traces of a forgotten history and
discover the signs of a cultural renaissance.
About Iraqi Kurdistan
By the end of the rst Gulf War, the Allies had
established a haven in northern Iraq. After the
withdrawal of Iraqi forces from three northern
provinces, Kurdistan emerged in 1992 as
an autonomous province with its own local
government and parliament. It has since
gained ofcial recognition internationally as
an autonomous federal entity.
IZS ll\lNL lN lN0 \lSlTlNL KUR0lSTlN
ure runled on urr|vu|. ller l|ul, ore|ner. mu.l re|.ler w|l|
l|e uul|or|l|e.. Kurd|.| |. .po|en l|rou|oul l|e Re|on, und
lru||c |. under.lood, |ul ,oun peop|e eneru||, preer lo
.peu| En||.|. Lo|n on un orun|.ed lour or ||r|n u u|de w|||
|e|p .o|ve commun|cul|on pro||em.. S|ured lu|. und lu|. or
.o|e ||re ure uvu||u||e.
ln lruq| Kurd|.lun, l|e .cener, |. mun|cenl. .omel|me.
wooded und wulered |, lur|u|enl .lreum., .omel|me. uunl und
|ure, |ul u|wu,. drumul|c und uwe.ome. ln .pr|n, l|e du..||n
co|or. o lu||p., ro.e., |,uc|nl|., |ud|o||, und duod||. ure
reecled |n l|e women. co.lume.. T|e ru|l. ure wonderu|,
e.pec|u||, c|err|e. und pomerunule., und l|e r|ver. ure |ome lo
40 d|erenl l,pe. o .|. \||d |our., |eur., |,enu., ||ee., |ure.,
und ||on. were |unled |n l|e mounlu|n..
\|.|lor. enler|n l|e Kurd|.lun Re|on v|u roud l|rou|
Tur|e, cun el u m|n||u. or lu| lo l|e lown o Zu||o w|l| |l.
mun|cenl, unc|enl l||u.|d |r|de. T|e row|n c|l, o 0o|u| |.
un |our uwu, und cun |e u.ed u. u |u.e or v|.|l|n l|e `e.|d|
lemp|e o lu||.|. ll |. u|.o reu.onu||, c|o.e lo l|e Buv|un ore,
w||c| wu. con.lrucled |, l|e l..,r|un. |n l|e .evenl| cenlur, BC
lo lrun.porl wuler lo l|e|r orc|urd.. T|e ore |. ||ned w|l|
oul.lund|n l..,r|un re||e..
Er|||-one o l|e wor|d. o|de.l |n|u||led c|l|e., r.l
menl|oned |n l|e Zrd cenlur, BC-|., lodu,, l|e .eul o l|e
Kurd|.lun Re|onu| Lovernmenl. ll |. dom|nuled |, un unc|enl
c|lude| l|ul |u. |een dec|ured u Une.co \or|d Her|lue S|le, w|l|
u mu.eum o Kurd|.| lel||e.. T|e Lree|., under l|eunder l|e
Lreul, deeuled l|e Per.|un K|n 0ur|u. lll |n l|e Bull|e o
Luuume|u |n I BC, ou|l I00|m we.l o Er|||. Ecur.|on. rom
l|e c|l, lo l|e ourl|-cenlur, C|r|.l|un monu.ler|e. o 0er lur
lull| und lur Be|num ure po..|||e.
Su|u|mun|u, u modern c|l, w|l| e|eunl .u|ur|., c||c .|op.,
und lree-||ned |ou|evurd., |. u lwo- lo l|ree-|our |ourne, rom
Er|||. En-roule |. Iurmo, one o l|e eur||e.l v|||ue. |nown lo mun,
dul|n |uc| lo b000 BC. ll. once-dreuded red .ecur|l, |u||d|n
|u. |een lurned |nlo u mu.eum l|ul |. u rem|nder o l|e wor.l
ece..e. perpelruled uu|n.l l|e Kurd. |, Suddum. re|me, u. |.
Hu|u||u, l|e .|le o l|e c|em|cu| weupon. ulluc| |n I9BB.
0e.p|le l|e|r olen lru|c ||.lor,, l|e Kurd. |uve never |o.l
l|e|r |ove o ce|e|rul|on.. Nuwru., l|e new ,eur e.l|vu|, |. u.uu||,
u wee|-|on uu|r w|l| |onre. lo .|n|, l|e end o l|e w|nler
.eu.on. Tour|.l. ure |onored ue.l. ul l|e e.l|v|l|e., und l|e
reel|n elended lo v|.|lor. w|erever l|e, lruve| |. u|wu,.
'we|come, we|come, we|come, und |l come. rom l|e |eurl.
Visitors can enter the picturesque
Kurdistan Region via road
@e@iXh`Bli[`jkXe#k_\jZ\e\ip`jdX^e`Z\ek1
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jki\Xdj#jfd\k`d\j^XlekXe[YXi\#YlkXcnXpj
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IZb KUR0lSTlN. lN\EST lN 0ElDCRlC` Z0II
lddu Pelro|eum ............................................................................................ 1B
l.|uce|| .................................................................................................................. Z
llcon. ................................................................................................................... 4
0ND ........................................................................................................................B
lor|e. lun|ullun ...................................................................................... 10
Lurdu\or|d ...................................................................................................... 4
Lene| Ener, lnlernul|onu| ......................................................................... 11
Hurdum ............................................................................................................... Ib
llP Lroup ........................................................................................................... Sb
KlR Lroup ........................................................................................................IZ1
lund Rover ..................................................................................................... IZB
lul|un.u und lu.lr|un l|r||ne. ................................................................ Z4
l,n.uc| Con.u|lunl. lld .............................................................................99
lu.. L|o|u| lnve.lmenl Co ........................................................................9b
lDl Lroup ........................................................................................................90
loll luc0onu|d ............................................................................................. B4
No||u S|emen. Nelwor|. ........................................................................... I0Z
Dl\ ..................................................................................................................... B
Pur.on. Br|nc|er|o .................................................................................... 9S
Pelrouc ............................................................................................................. Z0
P|un Co ............................................................................................................... 9Z
Pr|cewuler|ou.eCooper. .............................................................................. II
Re||unce ............................................................................................................. 14
Scun|u ............................................................................................................... I01
S|ulurun Pelro|eum .................................................................................... B1
S|mu lnlernul|onu| Con.lrucl|on llC ......................................................b
Speclrum ............................................................................................................ IB
Sler Lroup ......................................................................................................... I4
Terre Enl|ere ................................................................................................... IZZ
\e.lernZuro. .................................................................................................1
lnde o udverl|.er.
kAk oel|vers solur|oos ro |rs cl|eors ro move rbe|r
explorar|oo successes |oro prooucr|oo real|r|es.
lrom early prooucr|oo lac|l|r|es ro complex gas /
o|l separar|oo plaors, kAk oav|gares rbe real|r|es
ol lraq aoo prov|oes lasr-rrack solur|oos ro ger |rs
cl|eors prooucr|oo ro marker.
kAks |oregrareo approacb - lrom eog|oeer|og
ro comm|s|oo|og ro operar|oos - prov|oes a uo|que
aovaorage |o rbe markerplace. We sraoo reaoy ro
prov|oe solur|oos ro propel you lorwaro rap|oly
aoo successlully.