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ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition & Enterprise Edition Common Criteria Evaluation
Guidance Documentation Addendum
Internet Security and Acceleration Server Team
Author: Version: Last Saved: File Name:
Microsoft Corp.
Abstract
This document is the Guidance Documentation Addendum of ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition.
Keywords
CC, ISA, Common Criteria, Firewall, Guidance Documentation Addendum
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Table of Contents
Page
INTRODUCTION TO THE GUIDANCE ADDENDUM ....................................................... 6 1.1 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Security Functions and Associated Chapters ............................................................. 7 1.3 Warnings about Functions and Privileges ................................................................... 7 1.4 Installation of the Evaluated ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition ................................. 8 1.4.1 Installation Requirements ....................................................................................... 8 1.4.2 Installation Procedures ........................................................................................... 9 1.5 Installation of the Evaluated ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition .............................. 11 1.5.1 Installation Requirements ..................................................................................... 11 1.5.2 Installation Procedures ......................................................................................... 12 2 SECURITY FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................ 16 2.1 SF1 - Web Identification and Authentication ............................................................. 16 2.2 SF2 - Information Flow Control ................................................................................. 18 2.3 SF3 - Audit ............................................................................................................... 19 2.4 Administration-Related Interfaces............................................................................. 19 2.5 TOE User Interfaces................................................................................................. 20 3 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................ 21 3.1 Assumptions ............................................................................................................ 21 3.2 Organizational Security Policies ............................................................................... 22 3.3 Secure Usage Assumptions - IT Security Requirements for the IT Environment ...... 22 3.4 Security Objectives for the Environment ................................................................... 23 3.5 Requirements for the Operational Environment ........................................................ 23 4 SECURITY-RELEVANT EVENTS ................................................................................... 25 5 TOE INTEGRITY ............................................................................................................. 26 5.1 Integrity of the CD-ROM Content.............................................................................. 26 5.2 Integrity of the Package............................................................................................ 28 5.3 Version Number for the TOE .................................................................................... 29 6 ANNOTATIONS .............................................................................................................. 31 6.1 Authentication methods ............................................................................................ 31 6.1.1 Single Sign On...................................................................................................... 31 6.1.2 Authentication Process ......................................................................................... 32 6.1.3 Client Authentication Methods for Receipt of Client Credentials ............................ 33 6.1.4 Methods for Validation of Client Credentials ......................................................... 34 6.1.5 Authentication Delegation ..................................................................................... 35 6.2 Lockdown Mode ....................................................................................................... 36 6.2.1 Affected functionality............................................................................................. 37 6.2.2 Leaving lockdown mode ....................................................................................... 37 7 FLAW REMEDIATION GUIDANCE ................................................................................ 38 7.1 How to report detected security flaws to Microsoft .................................................... 38 7.2 How to get informed about Security Flaws and Flaw Remediation ........................... 39
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7.3 Installing a remedy ................................................................................................... 40 7.4 Authentication of a Fix .............................................................................................. 41 8 REFERENCES AND GLOSSARY .................................................................................. 42 8.1 References............................................................................................................... 42 8.2 Acronyms ................................................................................................................. 43 8.3 Glossary ................................................................................................................... 43
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List of Tables
Page
Table 1.1 Security functions and associated chapters ........................................................... 7 Table 1.2 Warnings about functions and privileges ................................................................ 8 Table 3.1 Assumptions for the IT environment and intended usage..................................... 21 Table 3.2 Security policies addressed by the TOE .............................................................. 22 Table 3.3 TOE security functional requirements for the environment ................................... 22 Table 3.4 Security objectives for the environment ............................................................... 23 Table 4.1 Security-relevant events ...................................................................................... 25
List of Figures
Page
Figure 1.1 Disable weak algorithms ..................................................................................... 11 Figure 1.2 Disable weak algorithms ..................................................................................... 15 Figure 2.1 Error messages .................................................................................................. 17 Figure 5.1 Example of Integrity check I (successful) ............................................................ 27 Figure 5.2 Example of Integrity check II (missing FDIV tool) ................................................ 28 Figure 5.3 ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition (Box & CD-ROM) .......................................... 28 Figure 5.4 ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition (CD-ROM)................................................... 29 Figure 5.5 Version number of ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition ........................................ 29 Figure 5.6 Version number of ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition....................................... 30 Figure 5.7 Identifying ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition ................................................... 30 Figure 7.1 Installation Instructions for Security Bulletin (example) ....................................... 40
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1.1 Scope
This document extends the ISA Server 2006 manual [MSISA] and provides required information for the ISA Server 2006 common criteria evaluation. The evaluated Guidance Documentation ([MSISA] and this document) is valid for ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition and ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition. Its software version is for both evaluated configurations 5.0.5720.100.
ISA Server 2006 references both configurations ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition and ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition.
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fields to log
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[MSISA] Firewall Policy > Firewall Policy: How To > Configure Authentication > Configure authentication method for a Web listener marked with a red flag)
Caution (
[MSISA] Administration > Administration: How To > Back Up and Restore > Import a configuration (Note: This is not a security function according the Security Target but gives an example for a caution.) marked with a yellow sign)
Warning (
A personal computer with a 550-megahertz (MHz) or faster processor. Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition (English) Service Pack 1 (SP1) including MS05-042 (KB899587), MS05-039 (KB899588), MS05-027 (KB896422), and update KB907865. Also, ensure that no additional software products have been installed on this computer. 256 megabytes (MB) of memory. 150 MB of available hard disk space. This is exclusive of hard disk space you want to use for caching. One network adapter that is compatible with the computer's operating system, for communication with the Internal network. An additional network adapter for each network connected to the ISA Server computer. One local hard disk partition that is formatted with the NTFS file system.
Please also check Section 3.5 Requirements for the Operational Environment.
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To install the evaluated version, the administrator must install ISA Server and ISA Server Management (file \ISAAutorun.exe). The following pictures show the step-by-step installation process for ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition.
Startup screen
License Agreement
Installation options
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Service warning
After installation, apply the registry settings shown in Figure 1.1. These settings enforce 128 bit encryption for Forms-based authentication. Without applying the registry keys a 56 bit SSL connection for Forms-based authentication might be established (e.g. when a client is used which does not support 128 bit encryption). This means that even when in the HTTPS listener
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128 bit encryption is enforced for the data transfer user credentials will be sent over a weak encrypted connection. Figure 1.1 Disable weak algorithms
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\SCHANNEL\Ciphers\DES 56/56] "Enabled"=dword:00000000 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\SCHANNEL\Ciphers\RC2 40/128] "Enabled"=dword:00000000 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\SCHANNEL\Ciphers\RC4 40/128] "Enabled"=dword:00000000 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\SCHANNEL\Ciphers\RC4 56/128] "Enabled"=dword:00000000
A personal computer with a 550-megahertz (MHz) or faster processor. Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition (English) Service Pack 1 (SP1) including MS05-042 (KB899587), MS05-039 (KB899588), MS05-027 (KB896422), and update KB907865. Also, ensure that no additional software products have been installed on this computer. 256 megabytes (MB) or more of memory. 150 MB of available hard disk space. This is exclusive of hard disk space you want to use for caching. One network adapter that is compatible with the computer's operating system, for communication with the Internal network. An additional network adapter for each network connected to the ISA Server computer. One local hard disk partition that is formatted with the NTFS file system.
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Please also check Section 3.5 Requirements for the Operational Environment.
To install the evaluated version, the administrator must install ISA Server Management and the Configuration Storage server (file \ISAAutorun.exe) on the same machine. The following pictures show the step-by-step installation process for ISA Server 2006 Enterprise Edition.
Startup screen
License Agreement
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Installation options
Installation note
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Service warning
After installation, apply the registry settings shown in Figure 1.2. These settings enforce 128 bit encryption for Forms-based authentication. Without applying the registry keys a 56 bit SSL connection for Forms-based authentication might be established (e.g. when a client is used which does not support 128 bit encryption). This means that even when in the HTTPS listener 128 bit encryption is enforced for the data transfer user credentials will be sent over a weak encrypted connection.
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2 Security Functions
This chapter identifies all the security functions available to the administrator. The security functions are derived from the ISA Server 2006 security functions described in the ISA Server 2006 Security Target (ST). For administration, ISA Server 2006 includes graphical taskpads and wizards. These simplify navigation and configuration for common tasks. These features are embedded in the Microsoft Management Console and do not belong to the TOE. They are provided by the environment. The underlying operating system is the certified Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition (English) SP1 including MS05-042 (KB899587), MS05-039 (KB899588), MS05-027 (KB896422), and update KB907865. (The same installation has been used for Windows Server 2003 Common Criteria EAL 4+ evaluation; Validation Report Number CCEVS-VR-050131, [WINST] and [WINVR], and referenced as Windows Server 2003 in this document.) Warnings The administrator must ensure that ISA Server 2006 is installed and used with Windows Server 2003. More details can be found in the Security Target of ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition/Enterprise Edition [ST]. The administrator has to observe the Security Bulletins, to ensure that all possible countermeasures are used. The administrator should check http://www.microsoft.com/security/ regularly for the latest ISA Server 2006 service packs and hotfixes. The administrator should only use programs that are required to administer and operate the firewall. The administrator should not install additional software which may compromise the security of the TOE or the underlying operating system.
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in the local user database or a remote authentication server using Remote Authentication DialIn User Service (RADIUS). Important When trying to connect to a Web site via HTTP (not HTTPS) that is published using ISA Server 2006, you receive an error message (see Figure 2.1), when all the following conditions are true: The Web listener has any one of the following authentication methods enabled: o Basic authentication o Radius authentication o Forms-Based authentication The Web listener is configured to listen for HTTP traffic. The Require all users to authenticate check box is selected for the Web listener or the Web publishing rules apply to a user set other than the default All users user set. You connect to the published Web site by using HTTP instead of by using HTTPS. Figure 2.1 Error messages
If the ISA Server Web listener has Basic authentication enabled, you receive the following error message: Error Code: 403 Forbidden. The page must be viewed over a secure channel (Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)). Contact the server administrator. (12211) If the ISA Server Web listener has RADIUS authentication or Microsoft Outlook Web Access Forms-Based authentication (Cookie-auth) enabled, you receive the following error message: Error Code: 500 Internal Server Error. An internal error occurred. (1359)
When you use HTTP-to-HTTP bridging, ISA Server 2006 does not enable traffic on the external HTTP port if the Web listener is configured to request one or more of the following kinds of credentials: Basic authentication Radius authentication Forms-based authentication This behavior occurs because these kinds of credentials should be encrypted. These credentials should not be sent in plaintext over HTTP. ISA Server 2006 prevents you from entering credentials in plaintext. When you try to do this, you receive an error message2.
For ISA Server 2004 versions that are earlier than ISA Server 2004 SP2, you are prompted to enter credentials in plaintext. This behavior may cause the credentials to be transmitted over the network in plaintext if you have not
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Warnings When using Forms-based authentication, depending on the application on the computer which could "cache" the password, the user must ensure that the environment is locked, when it is unattended. To secure transferred user identification and authentication credentials, ensure that strong SSL encryption (at least 128 bit) is enforced.
implemented some other form of network security, such as an external Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) accelerator or an encrypted tunnel. ISA Server 2006 does not provide these forms of security.
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Add the DWORD Value: DisableIPSourceRouting. Set the value to 2. This value disables IP source routing processing. By default, this key does not exist.
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3 Operating Environment
The security environment of the evaluated configurations of ISA Server 2006 is described in the ISA Server 2006 Standard Edition/Enterprise Edition Security Target [ST] and identifies the threats to be countered by ISA Server 2006, the organizational security policies, and the usage assumptions as they relate to ISA Server 2006. The administrator should ensure that the environment meets the organizational policies and assumptions. They are restated here from the Security Target. To use the TOE in the evaluated configuration, the underlying environment must be the certified Windows Server 2003 operating system (see chapter 3.5).
3.1 Assumptions
Table 3.1 lists the TOE Secure Usage Assumptions for the IT environment and intended usage. Table 3.1 Assumptions for the IT environment and intended usage
# 1 Assumption name A.DIRECT Description The TOE is available to authorized administrators only. Personnel who has physical access to the TOE and can log in the operating system is assumed to act as an authorized TOE administrator. The TOE stores and executes security-relevant applications only. It stores only data required for its secure operation. Nevertheless the underlying operating system may provide additional applications required for administrating the TOE or the operating system. Authorized administrators are non-hostile and follow all administrator guidance. The environment implements following functionality: local identification and authentication of user credentials used for web publishing (see A.WEBI&A for Radius identification and authentication; in case of a successful authentication the TOE analyses the returned value and allows or denies the access to network resources depending on that value), reliable time stamp (log file audit), file protection (for log file access protection, registry protection, and ADAM protection), cryptographic support (for SSL encryption), administration access control, reliable ADAM implementation (for EE configuration only), Network Load Balancing (for EE configuration only, disabled by default). The TOE is physically secure. Only authorized personal has physical access to the system which hosts the TOE. Required certificates and user identities are installed using a confidential path. Information can not flow among the internal and external networks unless it passes through the TOE. User credentials are verified by a Radius Server. The Radius Server returns a value if a valid account exists or not. Web Identification & Authentication with a Radius Server requires that the Radius server is placed on the internal network, so that data (user credentials and return values) transferred to and from the Radius Server is secured by the TOE from external entities. All web publishing rules which support Form-based authentication have to be configured by the administrator so that strong encryption for SSL is enforced (at least 128bit encryption).
A.GENPUR
3 4
A.NOEVIL A.ENV
5 6 7 8
A.SSL
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5 6
OE.PHYSEC OE.SECINST
OE.SINGEN
OE.WEBI&A
OE.SSL
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describing how to complete a specific task to "bug" articles documenting known issues with Microsoft products. When you scan your computer for available updates, through the Windows Update Web site, the Windows Update Web site displays a number along with the title of the update, for example, "Update for Windows Media Player 9 Series (KB837272)." This KB number is included in the security bulletin to help identify the corresponding KB article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base. Because the computer on which ISA Server 2006 is running is often the primary interface to the External network, we recommend to secure this computer. The Security Best Practices [MSISAHARD]3 document ISA Server 2004 Security Hardening Guide, available on the ISA Server Web site, containing details how to secure the ISA Server 2004 Enterprise Edition computer, is applicable to ISA Server 2006 (SE and EE), and is updated periodically with new information. Additional information can be found on http://www.microsoft.com/technet/isa/2006/security_guide.mspx Warning The administrator should check http://www.microsoft.com/security/ regularly for the latest Windows Server 2003 hotfixes.
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4 Security-Relevant Events
This subsection describes all types of security-relevant events and what administrator action (if any) to take to maintain security. Security-relevant events that may occur during operation of ISA Server 2006 must be adequately defined to allow administrator intervention to maintain secure operation. Security-relevant events are defined as events that signify a security related change in the system or environment. These changes can be grouped as routine or abnormal. The routine events are already addressed in subsection Security Functions. Table 4.1 Security-relevant events
Security function Web Identification and Authentication Security-relevant event Configure Forms-based authentication. The user has a missing permission to access the Internet. A user is leaving the company, so his or her rights have to be withdrawn. Relevant chapters see Chapter 6.1 [MSISA] Firewall Policy > Firewall Policy: How To > Configure Web Publishing Rules > Configure a listener for a Web publishing rule [MSISA] Monitoring > Monitoring: How To > Configure Logging > To configure logging to an MSDE database
Enable strong SSL encryption (at least 128 bit) for HTTPS.
To enable strong SSL encryption, open the corresponding Web publishing rule > Traffic and select Require 128-bit encryption for HTTP traffic. [MSISA] Monitoring > Monitoring: How To > Configure Alerts
Audit
Log file overflow. If the ISA Server computer runs out of disk space, the administrator has to configure the maximum number of log files.
[MSISA] Monitoring > Monitoring: How To > Configure Logging > Configure logging to an MSDE database
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5 TOE Integrity
This chapter describes how the administrator can verify that the evaluated version of the TOE is used.
The corresponding hash files are available from the Microsoft corporate Web site, as well as a batch file that runs the tool and a Readme file that explains the usage for users that do not have access to this document. The hash file contains SHA-1 values for each of the relevant files that must be verified and is downloadable using a secured channel from the ISA Server common criteria Web page: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=49507 The FCIV is a command-prompt utility that computes and verifies cryptographic hash values of files (MD5 and SHA-1 cryptographic hash values are possible). The tool is run by the supplied batch file. To run the batch file the user opens a Command Prompt window and changes to the folder into which the validation files were downloaded. The user then types the following (the exact file name depends what CD-ROM or file the user wants to verify): integritycheck.cmd X: Where x: is the local CD-ROM drive that contains the ISA Server 2006 CD-ROM. Figure 5.1 shows a successful verification of the TOE. Figure 5.2 shows an error message because of the missing FCIV tool. Important The hash value of the FCIV tool is published on the ISA Server common criteria web page and should be verified by the customer using a 3rd party tool of his choice. The complete process is described on the web site and in the guidance addendum (the following is a shortened quote from the ISA Server common criteria web page which also states the correct hash values required for the verification process): Please perform the following steps in order to ensure the integrity of your downloads from this website: 1. Download the FCIV tool from http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;enus;841290. The sha-1 value of this download is
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99fb35d97a5ee0df703f0cdd02f2d787d6741f65 (hex) and shall be verified before executing the download. This can be done using any tool capable of calculating SHA-1 values. 2. 3. 4. Download the "Integrity Check ISA 2006" and "CC Guidance Documentation Addendum" to the directory where FCIV has been extracted. Open a command prompt and change to directory where FCIV has been extracted. Check the integrity of "Integrity Check ISA 2006" using fciv "Integrity Check ISA 2006.zip" sha1 and verify that the result is <compare the output of sha-1 checksum and verified filename with the value listed on the ISA Server common criteria web page> Check the integrity of the CC Guidance Addendum using fciv "CC Guidance Documentation Addendum for ISA 2006.pdf" sha1 and verify that the result is <compare the output of sha-1 checksum and verified filename with the value listed on the ISA Server common criteria web page> Follow the CC Guidance Addendum for further Installation and Configuration of the TOE. Figure 5.1 Example of Integrity check I (successful)
5.
6.
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6 Annotations
6.1 Authentication methods
This chapter describes how ISA Server manages authentication. It provides information about authentication and delegation methods supported by the TOE, and how the authentication process is handled.
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Receipt of client credentials. Validation of client credentials against an authentication provider. Delegation of authentication to Web servers that are behind the TOE, such as servers running SharePoint Portal Server 2003. Note The first two components are configured on the Web listener that receives client requests. The third is configured on the publishing rule. This means that you can use the same listener for different rules, and have different types of delegation.
The authentication process for forms-based authentication is demonstrated in the following figure. Note that this is a simplified description of the process, presented to describe the primary steps involved.
Step 1, receipt of client credentials: The client sends a request to connect to the corporate Outlook Web Access server in the Internal network. The client provides the credentials in an HTML form (Frontend authentication). Steps 2 and 3, sending credentials: The TOE sends the credentials to the authentication provider, such as a domain controller for Integrated Windows authentication, or a RADIUS server, and receives acknowledgment from the authentication provider that the user is authenticated (Gateway authentication). Step 4, authentication delegation: The TOE forwards the client's request to the Outlook Web Access server, and authenticates itself to the Outlook Web Access server using the client's credentials. The Outlook Web Access server will revalidate those credentials, typically using the same authentication provider (Backend authentication). Note The Web server must be configured to use the authentication scheme that matches the delegation method used by the TOE. Step 5, server response: The Outlook Web Access server sends a response to the client, which is intercepted by the TOE.
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Step 6, forwarding the response: The TOE forwards the response to the client. Note
If you do not limit access to authenticated users, as in the case when a rule allowing access is applied to all users, the TOE will not validate the user's credentials. The TOE will use the user's credentials to authenticate to the Web server according to the configured delegation method. We recommend that you apply each publishing rule to all authenticated users or a specific user set, rather than selecting Require all users to authenticate on the Web listener, which requires any user connecting through the listener to authenticate.
6.1.3.1 No Authentication
You can select to require no authentication. If you do so, you will not be able to configure a delegation method on rules that use this Web listener.
Password form. The user enters a user name and password on the form. This is the type of credentials needed for Integrated and RADIUS credential validation. Notes
The HTML forms for forms-based authentication can be fully customized. When the TOE is configured to require authentication, because a publishing rule applies to a specific user set or All Authenticated Users, or a Web listener is configured to Require all users to authenticate, the TOE validates the credentials before forwarding the request. By default, the language setting of the client's browser determines the language of the form that the TOE provides. The TOE provides forms in 26 languages. The TOE can also be configured to serve forms in a specific language regardless of the browser's language. When you configure a time-out for forms-based authentication, we recommend that the timeout be shorter than that imposed by the published server. If the published server times out before the TOE, the user may mistakenly think that the session ended. This could allow attackers to use the session, which remains open until actively closed by the user or timed out by the TOE as configured on the form setting.
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You should ensure that your Web application is designed to resist session riding attacks (also known as cross-site-posting, cross-site-request-forgery, or luring attacks) before publishing it using the TOE. This is particularly important for Web servers published through the TOE, because clients must use the same trust level for all of the Web sites they access through the publishing ISA Server firewall.
6.1.4.2 Integrated
The TOE checks if the user is a member of the local user database.
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6.1.4.3.1 Configuring the TOE for RADIUS authentication When you configure the Web listener on ISA Server, select RADIUS authentication as the authentication provider. When you add a RADIUS server, you must configure the following: Server name. The host name or IP address of the RADIUS server. Secret. The RADIUS client and the RADIUS server share a secret that is used to encrypt messages sent between them. You must configure the same shared secret on ISA Server and on the ISA server. Authentication port. ISA Server sends its authentication requests using a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port on which the RADIUS server is listening. The default value of 1812 does not need to be changed when you are using the default installation of ISA as a RADIUS server. 6.1.4.3.2 Security considerations The RADIUS User-Password hiding mechanism might not provide sufficient security for passwords. The RADIUS hiding mechanism uses the RADIUS shared secret, the Request Authenticator, and the use of the MD5 hashing algorithm to encrypt the User-Password and other attributes, such as Tunnel-Password and MS-CHAP-MPPE-Keys. RFC 2865 notes the potential need for evaluating the threat environment and determining whether additional security should be used. You can provide additional protection for hidden attributes by using Internet Protocol security (IPsec) with Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) and an encryption algorithm, such as Triple DES (3DES), to provide data confidentiality for the entire RADIUS message. Follow these guidelines: Use IPsec to provide additional security for RADIUS clients and servers. Require the use of strong user passwords. Use authentication counting and account lockout to help prevent a dictionary attack against a user password. Use a long shared secret with a random sequence of letters, numbers, and punctuation. Change it often to help protect your ISA server. When you use password-based authentication, enforce strong password policies on your network to make dictionary attacks more difficult.
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Outgoing traffic from the Local Host network to all networks is allowed. If an outgoing connection is established, that connection can be used to respond to incoming traffic. For example, a DNS query can receive a DNS response, on the same connection. No incoming traffic is allowed, unless a system policy rule (listed previously) that specifically allows the traffic is enabled. The one exception is DHCP traffic, which is allowed by default system policy rules. The UDP Send protocol on port 68 is allowed from all networks to the Local Host network. The corresponding UDP Receive protocol on port 67 is allowed. VPN remote access clients cannot access ISA Server. Similarly, access is denied to remote site networks in site-to-site VPN scenarios. Any changes to the network configuration while in lockdown mode are applied only after the Firewall service restarts and ISA Server exits lockdown mode. For example, if you physically move a network segment and reconfigure ISA Server to match the physical changes, the new topology is in effect only after ISA Server exits lockdown mode. ISA Server does not trigger any alerts.
For ISA Server Enterprise Edition, if the Configuration Storage server is installed on the computer running ISA Server services, a system policy rule, named Allow access from trusted servers to the local Configuration Storage server, is enabled. This system policy rule allows the use of Microsoft CIFS (TCP), Microsoft CIFS (UDP), and MS Firewall Storage protocols from all array members to the Local Host. This rule is applied even in lockdown mode. Traffic using those protocols is allowed, even in lockdown mode.
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Data submitted via this page is encrypted using the Secure Sockets Layer protocol. 2. Alternatively, an email address, secure@microsoft.com can also be used. Mail to this address can be encrypted using PGP5. 3. The customer can contact Microsoft Services for additional (http://www.microsoft.com/services/microsoftservices/default.mspx ). support
Regardless of the method used to initially contact the MSRC or Microsoft Services, subsequent communications typically take place via email, using the secure@microsoft.com email address. When requested, MSRC can also conduct these communications via telephone or other methods.
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7.2 How to get informed about Security Flaws and Flaw Remediation
A security update that is issued by the MSRC is always accompanied with a bulletin. The bulletin contains the information that Microsoft makes available for the customers so that they can take a decision whether to install the fix and on what systems. Every bulletin comes with a rating to reflect its criticality (four levels). A KB is also provided but it is mostly a pointer to the bulletin article. The public page with Microsoft bulletins is located at http://www.microsoft.com/security/bulletins/default.mspx The original finder of the problem is kept in the picture throughout the process, if he chooses. MSRC manages the communication with the reporter throughout the process. Security updates typically can be installed on the current service pack and the previous one. However, this is only a general rule. If the previous service pack is more than two years old, the patch may be limited to only the current service pack. Conversely, if several service packs have been released in short order, the patch may install on additional ones. The security patch will be included automatically in the next service pack. Service packs, and patches, are generally available for the previously released service pack. The security bulletin will always provide specific information on the service pack requirements for the patch. All security bulletins for Microsoft products are available at http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/current.aspx , and newly released bulletins are highlighted on http://www.microsoft.com/security , http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security , and http://www.microsoft.com/isaserver Web sites. In addition, Microsoft offers a free service through which customers can receive a technical or non-technical bulletin synopsis by email. Customers can sign up for mailer at https://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/bulletin/notify.mspx. Microsoft digitally signs the technical synopsis, and the PGP key located at http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/MSRC.asc can be used to validate the signature. Microsoft security bulletins always discuss the risk the vulnerability poses, the software it affects, and the steps customers can take to eliminate it including, in the case of patches, specific locations for obtaining them. In addition, security bulletins also frequently include a public thank-you to the Finder, subject to the qualification criteria discussed at http://www.microsoft.comtechnet/security/bulletin/policy.mspx . Microsoft strongly encourages customers to sign up for the security bulletins. So the steps to be always informed of security flaws and how to install them are: 1. Signing up for security bulletins (registering for receiving bulletins by email) 2. Checking for security bulletins (if not registered) 3. Deciding, whether to download and install a remedy 4. Downloading the fix, authentication of the fix 5. Installing the fix/remedy (follow bulletin description, see above)
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8.1 References
General Common Criteria Documents [CC] Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, version 2.3, revision August 2005 Part 1: Introduction and general model, CCMB-2005-08-001, Part 2: Security functional requirements, CCMB-2005-08-002, Part 3: Security Assurance Requirements, CCMB-2005-08-003 ISA Server 2006 Administrator Guidance and Publicly Available Evaluation Developer Documents [MSISA] Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server 2006 Help, Microsoft Corp., Version 2006 Standard Edition / Enterprise Edition This help file is installed during ISA Server 2006 setup (isa.chm, stored on CDROM). Security Hardening Guide - Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server 2004, Microsoft Corp., Version 2006, downloadable from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=24507 ISA Server 2006 SE/EE Common Criteria Evaluation - Security Target, Version 1.1, 2007-06-05, Microsoft Corp. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 or Windows XP Security Target, Version 1.0. 28.09.2005, Microsoft Corporation National Information Assurance Partnership, Common Criteria Evaluation and Validation Scheme Validation Report Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Workstation Report Number: CCEVS-VR-05-0131 Dated: November 6, 2005 Version: 1.1
[MSISAHARD]
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8.2 Acronyms
CC EAL FCIV PP SF SFP SSL ST TOE Common Criteria Evaluation Assurance Level File Checksum Integrity Verifier Protection Profile Security Function Security Function Policy Secure Sockets Layer Security Target Target of Evaluation
8.3 Glossary
application filters Application filters can access the data stream or datagrams associated with a session within the Microsoft Firewall service and work with some or all application-level protocols. Authentication is "A positive identification, with a degree of certainty sufficient for permitting certain rights or privileges to the person or thing positively identified." In simpler terms, it is "The act of verifying the claimed identity of an individual, station or originator" [Schou, Corey (1996). Handbook of INFOSEC Terms, Version 2.0. CD-ROM (Idaho State University & Information Systems Security Organization)]. Basic authentication is the standard authentication method for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Although user information is encoded, no encryption is used with Basic authentication. A feature pack contains new product functionality that is distributed outside the context of a product release, and usually is included in the next full product release. A firewall service log contains entries with connection establishments and terminations. Identification, according to a current compilation of information security terms, is "the process that enables recognition of a user described to an automated data processing system. This is generally by the use of unique machine-readable names" (Schou, Corey (1996). Handbook of INFOSEC Terms, Version 2.0. CD-ROM (Idaho State University & Information Systems Security Organization)). In this document, ISA Server refers to Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server 2006, except where it explicitly states otherwise.
authentication
Basic authentication
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The Microsoft Management Console is a configuration management tool supplied with Windows that can be extended with snap-ins. NTLM is an authentication scheme used by Microsoft browsers, proxies, and servers (Microsoft Internet Explorer, Internet Information Services, and others). This scheme is also sometimes referred to as the Windows NT Challenge/Response authentication scheme or Integrated Windows authentication. A packet filter log file contains records of packets that were dropped or allowed. A port number identifies a certain Internet application with a specific connection. Using publishing rules, you can publish virtually any computer on an internal network to the Internet (see Web publishing and server publishing). SSL is a protocol that supplies secure data communication through data encryption and decryption. SSL enables communications privacy over networks. Server publishing allows virtually any computer on an internal network to publish to the Internet. A service pack contains a cumulative set of all hotfixes, security updates, critical updates, and updates created and fixes for defects found by Microsoft since the release of the product. Service packs may also contain a limited number of customer requested design changes or features. W3C develops interoperable technologies (specifications, guidelines, software, and tools) concerning Web technology (http://www.w3c.org). Web publishing publishes Web content to the Internet.