Problem: 15 Set: Exercises Page: 442

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.

Step 1
Write 165 as a difference of 180 and another angle.

165 = 180 – 15 .

Step 2
By Case 4 of the Symmetry Identities,

sin 165 = sin 15

Step 3
45 and 30 are two common angles that differ by 15 .

sin (15 ) = sin (45 – 30 )

Step 4
Use the difference identity for sine.

sin (15 ) = sin 45 cos 30 – cos 45 sin 30

Step 5
Substitute values for the sine and cosine functions.

Step 6
Simplify.

Step 7
Therefore,

Problem: 17 Set: Exercises Page: 442

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
π/4 and π/6 are two common angles that differ by π/12.

Step 2
Use the difference identity for sine.

Step 3
Substitute values for the sine and cosine functions.
Step 4
Simplify.

Problem: 19 Set: Exercises Page: 442

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
Use the opposite angle identity for cosine.

Step 2
π/4 and π/6 are two common angles that differ by π/12.

Step 3
Use the difference identity for cosine.

Step 4
Substitute values for the sine and cosine functions.

Step 5
Simplify.

Therefore,

Problem: 21 Set: Exercises Page: 442

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
5π/3 and π/4 are common angles whose sum is 23π/12.
Step 2
Use the sum identity for tangent.

Step 3
Substitute values for the tangent function.

Step 4

Problem: 23 Set: Exercises Page: 442

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
1275 = 7(180 ) + 15 .

By Case 2 of the Symmetry Identities, cosine values of 1275 and 15 are opposite.

sec 1275 = –1/(cos 15 )

Step 2
45 and 30 are two common angles that differ by 15 .

cos (15 ) = cos (45 – 30 )

Step 3
Use the difference identity for cosine.

cos (15 ) = cos 45 cos 30 + sin 45 sin 30

Step 4
Substitute values for the sine and cosine functions.

Step 5
Simplify.
Step 6
Therefore,

Step 7

Problem: 25 Set: Exercises Page: 442

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1

By Case 2 of the Symmetry Identities, the values of both sine and cosine change for 113π/12 and 5π/12.
tan 113π/12 = (tan 5π/12)
cot 113π/12 = 1/(tan 5π/12)

Step 2
π/4 and π/6 are common angles whose sum is 5π/12.

Step 3
Use the sum identity for tangent.

Step 4
Substitute values for the tangent function.
Step 5
Therefore,

Step 6

Problem: 27 Set: Exercises Page: 443

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 x + cos2 x = 1.
sin2 x = 1 – cos2 x
Since x is in Quadrant I, the value of sine is positive. Therefore

Step 2
Substitute the cosine value.

Step 3
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 y + cos2 y = 1.
sin2 y = 1 – cos2 y
Since y is in Quadrant I, the value of sine is positive. Therefore

Step 4
Substitute the cosine value.
Step 5
Use the difference identity for cosine.

Step 6
Substitute values on the right side.

Step 7
Simplify.

Problem: 29 Set: Exercises Page: 443

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
Use the Pythagorean identity
sec2 x = 1 + tan2 x
Since x is in Quadrant I, the value of cosine is positive. Therefore

Step 2
Substitute the tangent value.

Step 3
Use the reciprocal identity

Step 4
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 x + cos2 x = 1.
sin2 x = 1 – cos2 x
Since x is in Quadrant I, the value of sine is positive. Therefore

Step 5
Substitute the cosine value.

Step 6
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 y + cos2 y = 1.
cos2 y = 1 – sin2 y.
Since y is in Quadrant I, the value of cosine is positive. Therefore

Step 7
Substitute the sine value.

Step 8
Use the sum identity for cosine.

Step 9
Substitute values on the right side.

Step 10
Simplify.

Problem: 31 Set: Exercises Page: 443

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
Use the reciprocal identity
Step 2
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 x + cos2 x = 1.
cos2 x = 1 – sin2 x
Since x is in Quadrant I, the value of cosine is positive. Therefore

Step 3
Substitute the sine value.

Step 4
Use the Pythagorean identity
sec2 y = 1 + tan2 y
Since y is in Quadrant I, the value of cosine is positive. Therefore

Step 5
Substitute the tangent value.

Step 6
Use the reciprocal identity
Step 7
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 y + cos2 y = 1.
sin2 y = 1 – cos2 y
Since y is in Quadrant I, the value of sine is positive. Therefore

Step 8
Substitute the cosine value.

Step 9
Use the difference identity for cosine.

Step 10
Substitute values on the right side.

Step 11
Simplify.

Step 12
Use the reciprocal identity

Problem: 33 Set: Exercises Page: 443

Look in your textbook for this problem statement.
Step 1
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 x + cos2 x = 1.
sin2 x = 1 – cos2 x
Since x is in an acute angle (Quadrant I), the value of sine is positive. Therefore
Step 2
Substitute the cosine value.

Step 3
Use the Pythagorean identity sin2 y + cos2 y = 1.
sin2 y = 1 – cos2 y
Since y is an acute angle (Quadrant I), the value of sine is positive. Therefore

Step 4
Substitute the cosine value.

Step 5
Use the sum identity for cosine.

Step 6
Substitute values on the right side.

Step 7
Simplify.