An amazing revision

guide

For…
-Acids & Alkalis
&
-Chemical Reactions
Next:
By Matteo
 Contents:
- Chemical & physical reactions
- Chemical reactions - Reactivity series
- Displacement Reactions
- Decomposition
- The periodic table
- Oxidation
___________________________________________________________________
- Acids & Alkalis
- The ph scale
-
Neutralisation
- Acid rain
What are chemical reactions and
how do we recognise them from
physical reactions?
 All physical reactions are reversible
but chemical changes aren't.
 How do you know if the reaction is
physical or chemical?
 If it's a chemical reaction the
reactants might change colour,
explode, fizz or make a new
substance.
 |
| Very potassium
What happens to | reactive:
the mass in a | sodium
|
chemical reaction? | calcium
|
“Nothing”, the | magnesium
mass will stay the |
same. The reactivity aluminium
________________________ | series of metals:
|
|
zinc
| carbon
|
| iron
|
| lead
|
| tin
|
| copper
|
silver
Not reactive:
gold
 Displacement REACTIONS
When a more reactive metal is reacted with a less
reactive metal in a compound, the less reactive metal
will be displaced.
A metal will displace a less reactive metal from a
solution of one of it's salt.
N.B.: learn the reactivity series!!!
Eg.
Copper sulphate + magnesium =
magnesium sulphate + copper
Zinc chloride + gold = Zinc chloride
+ gold (nothing happens because
zinc is more reactive then gold)
 Decomposition
Decomposition refers to the process by
which tissues of dead organisms break
down into simpler forms of matter.

Bodies of living
It may be categorized in two organisms begin to
stages by the types of end decompose shortly after
products. The first stage is death
limited to the production of
vapors. The second stage is
characterized by the formation
of liquid materials
THE PERIODIC
TABLE
 OXIDATION
Oxidation is defined as the reaction between oxygen
molecules and all the different substances they may
contact
When you heat a
metal it
automatically
reacts with
oxygen

Eg: carbon
heat
carbon Animated gif showing how a
oxide gas-phase CO molecule
adsorbs, interacts with an O
neighbor, and finally desorbs
as a CO2 molecule (C in
green, O in red, the catalyst
in grey).
 Neutralisation
1) Acids and alkalis react
with each other. The alkali
cancels out the acid in the
reaction. This is called
neutralisation.
2)A salt is made.
The salt contains the
metal atom from the
alkali, and part of the
acid molecule.

The salt made _______________________

depends on the
acid & alkali
used Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide = sodium chloride
+ water
 The ph scale

The ph scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is.

The ph scale ranges from 0 to 14. A ph of 7 is neutral. A
ph less than 7 is acidic and a ph more then 7 is an alkali.
 Acid rain
Acid rain is rain or any
other form of
precipitation that is
unusually acidic. It has
harmful effects on
plants, aquatic animals,
and infrastructure. Acid
rain is mostly caused by
human emissions of
sulfur and nitrogen
compounds which react
in the atmosphere to
produce In acids.
recent years,
many
governments have
introduced laws to
reduce these
emissions.