Exam 4 (Chapters 13-15) - BIO 108

Name ____________________________

Multiple Choice Choose the best answer that completes the statement or question. ____1 The average total volume of blood in the body is about . A) 5 liters B) 5 pints C) 500 ml D) 70 kg ____2 Blood is considered to be: . A) loose connective tissue B) liquid connective tissue

C ) D )

epithelial tissue none of the above

____3 Platelets are derived from large bone marrow cells called: . A) macrophages B) erythrocytes C) megakaryocytes ____4 The level of erythropoietin production would rise . A) after moving from high altitude to low altitude B) as a consequence of polycythemia C) after hemorrhage or a transfusion D) none of the above

D) thrombocytes

____5 Macrophages develop from which cells that leave circulation: . A) monocytes B) lymphocytes C) neutrophils D) eosinophils ____6 The process of stopping blood loss is called: . A) homeostasis B) hemostasis C) vascularization ____7. A person with type A blood has antibodies for A) A antigens B) B antigens C) A and B antigens

D) transfusion

D) neither antigen

____8. The clumping of red cells when they are mixed with the wrong blood type is called: A) transfusion B) agglutination C) hemolysis D) hemostasis ____9. An inherited hemolytic form of anemia is: A) pernicious anemia C )
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aplastic anemia

B)

sickle cell anemia

D )

nutritional anemia

____10. A low white cell count is called: A) thrombocytopenia B) leukopenia

C) leukemia

D) polycythemia

____1 A person with a hematocrit of 33% is suffering from: 1. A) anemia B) leukopenia C) polycythemia D) leukocytosis ____1 Estimation of the percentage of each white blood cell type in a smear is called 2. a: A) complete blood count C hematocrit ) B) differential white count D red cell count ) ____ 13. The part of the heart capable of generating the largest force is the A) right atrium B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) left ventricle

____1 The heart chamber that receives blood from the lungs is the 4. A) right atrium B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) left ventricle ____15 The valve preventing blood from re-entering the left ventricle is the . A) mitral valve B) tricuspid valve C) pulmonary valve D) aortic valve ____16. Atrial systole occurs when A) the atria are contracting B) the atria are relaxing

C ) D )

the ventricles are contracting blood is ejected into the aorta

____17. The normal pacemaker of the heart is the A) bundle of His B) Purkinje fibers C) atrioventricular node sinoatrial node ____18 During exercise, heart rate is often associated with .
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D)

A) bradycardia

B) tachycardia

C) flutter

D) fibrillation

____19. The second heart sound, often interpreted as a dupp, is largely caused by the A) opening of the atrioventricular C opening of the semilunar valves valves ) B) closing of the atrioventricular D closing of the semilunar valves valves ) ____20. Which of the following describes a risk factor for heart disease that can be modified? A) Mr J's father died of C Mr J is male. atherosclerosis. ) B) Mr J smokes. D Mr. J tends to deposit fat in ) abdomen. ____21. Angioplasty is used to A) open restricted arteries B) restore a normal heart rhythm

C ) D )

slow down the heart study the structure of the heart

____22. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents are used to A) increase heart rate and stroke volume B) correct cardiac arrhythmias C) dissolve blood clots D) reduce the rate and strength of cardiac contractions ____23. The blood vessels with the thinnest walls are the A) capillaries B) arterioles C) veins D) arterioles ____24. The carotid arteries supply blood to the A) arm B) thorax C) head D) heart ____25. Assuming that all other factors remain the same, increased blood pressure would most likely result in A) increased interstitial fluid C increased blood osmotic pressure ) B) decreased interstitial fluid D decreased blood osmotic pressure ) ____26. Which of the following changes would increase blood pressure? A) reduced stroke volume C increased blood viscosity
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B)

increased vasodilation

) D )

reduced heart rate

____27. Blood pressure readings are reported as A) cardiac output/peripheral C resistance. ) B) systolic pressure/diastolic D pressure. )

diastolic pressure/systolic pressure. peripheral resistance/cardiac output.

____28. A clot that breaks loose and floats in the blood is called a(n) A) aneurysm B) thrombus C) embolus D) plaque ____29. ML has cut her knee, which is bleeding profusely. The emergency medical technician tried to slow the bleeding by applying pressure to the A) subclavian artery B) femoral artery C) peroneal artery D) dorsalis pedis ____30. Shock is a condition in which A) blood pressure is abnormally high. B) blood flow to the body tissues is inadequate. C) the vein valves become inflamed. D) fatty deposits form in arteries. Fill in the blank with the correct term. 31. Proteins in blood that bind to antigens are called _________________. 32. The element needed for the formation of hemoglobin is _______________. 33. The contraction of smooth muscles in the wall of a blood vessel causes ____________________. 34. The scientific term for excessive bleeding is ____________________. 35. An inherited disease resulting from a defect in clotting factor VIII is _______________. 36. Electrical changes in the heart are detected by an instrument called an ___________________________.
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37. The two lower chambers of the heart are separated by the __________________________. 38. The aortic and pulmonary valves are collectively known as the _____________ valves. 39. The product of the stroke volume and the heart rate is called the ___________. 40. Tachycardia could result from the activation of the _____________________ division of the autonomic nervous system. 41. A heart murmur would most simply be detected by the instrument called a _____________________. Essay Choose two to complete 1. Mr S needs a blood transfusion. He has type O blood. His brother has type A blood. Mr S asks if he can use his brother's blood. What will be the doctor's response? Would this transfusion cause an agglutination reaction? Defend your answer, discussing the antigens and/or antibodies present in the donor and recipient blood.

2. List the route a blood cell would take to travel from the left ventricle to the diaphragm.

3. Mr Q, aged 72, has a blood pressure reading of 90/60 mm Hg and complains

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of dizziness, cold extremities, and episodes of fainting. A. What is his systolic pressure? B. What is his diastolic pressure? C. What is the term that defines lower-than-normal blood pressure? D. Which cardiovascular factors could be modified to increase Mr Q's blood pressure?

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