GD&T 3 - Position

A hole is located by traditional coordinate dimensioning as shown below. 1) On the grid shown, draw the tolerance zone specified by the drawing.

1.010

.001 in
1.000

Y = 0.990 X = 0.990

1.000

1.010

2) A sample part is inspected, and the hole center is located at x = 0.998, y = 1.006. Plot the location of this point 3) Would you reject or accept this part? Accept ___ Reject ___ 4) Draw a circle that passes through the corners of the square box you drew in step 1). 5) Would you reject or accept this part? Accept ___ Reject ___

CAD/Fab

GD&T - Position

Position Control
Most powerful and versatile control in GD&T Capitalizes on MMC bonus tolerances Can be used to :
Locate patterns of holes Locate center of feature (e.g. slot) holes etc. etc Control perpendicularity of holes,
1.505 1.495

Coordinate Dimensioning

Easy to check with functional gages Insures proper fit of assemblies

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Allowable location for hole center

1.995 2.005

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GD&T - Position

Coordinate Tolerancing vs. GD&T

X 0.005

GD&T Position Dimensioning

GD&T control frame

57% more area These p points would be rejected using coordinate dimensions but they would still function correctly

.014

0.005

.010

Basic dimensions
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Datums

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GD&T - Position

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GD&T - Position

BASIC Dimension
A numerical value used to describe the theoretically exact size, profile, orientation or location of a feature or datum target g The associated tolerance for a BASIC dimension is given in the GD&T control frame
Hole size parameters Tolerance of location Exact (theoretical) value Box indicates BASIC dimension Implied tolerances do not apply!
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BASIC Dimensions and Datums

BASIC dimensions must relate to datums

Why Datum D?
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Orthogonal Datum Planes

Secondary Datum Plane 2 points of contact 1 d.o.f. Tertiary Datum Plane 1 point of contact 0d d.o.f. of (i.e. part is fixed)

How to Measure Holes

Diameter
Specified by diameter and tolerance (MMC/LMC) Measure accurately with micrometer/caliper Checked with GO NO GO gages

Position
Specified by GD&T frame & basic dimensions Measure accurately with optical comparator Checked with functional gages

Primary Datum Plane 3 points of contact 3 degrees of freedom

CAD/Fab GD&T - Position

3-2-1 Rule
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GO NO GO Gages
Allowable variation in hole diameter

GO NO GO Gages
Gage can enter good good hole but not past NO GO step

Hole Hole LMC MMC

GO

NO GO

Handle

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GO NO GO Gages
Go No Go Go No Go

Gaging True Position Holes

26.18 max

Holes at MMC (12.70) at max distance

Centers of holes must lie within 0.18 tolerance zone

Gage tolerance 0.0002 0.00002 $36 $57

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25.82 min Holes at MMC (12.70) at min distance

Gage pins dpin = 12.70 0.18 = 12.52

When two holes are located at true position at MMC (min. dia.), they may be gaged with pins 12.52 mm in dia. located 26.00 mm apart
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Pin Gage Dimensions

Part Drawing

Datum B

Pin Gage
Datum C

Gage Drawing

Pin diameter = hole diameter @ MMC GD&T position tolerance i.e. dia = 12.70 0.18 = 12.52 mm

Datum A

Pin location specified by BASIC dimensions

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Position Lab Snowboard Binding

Combined Datums
A gear will be pressed onto a gear shaft which runs in ball bearings as shown. Identify datums on the drawing of the shaft to ensure proper operation of the gear shaft assembly.

Perfect part

Combined datum centerline joining A & B

Reject!
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Checking Shaft Runout

2. Shaft rotated in V-blocks 3. Dial indicator measures tip movement accurately
B

Combined Datums

1. V-blocks center shaft at each end

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