ATENEO CENTRAL BAR OPERATIONS 2007

Labor Law and Social Legislation

SUMMER REVIEWER

Head:

Ryan Quan

Labor Standards:

Kukay Malabanan

Labor Relations:

Peewee Estrella

Socail Legislation: Binkki Hipolito

Understudy:

Kate Sabado

Volunteers:

Aren Samonte, Vina Padilla, Ria Campos, Ina Quintanilla, Athena Zosa

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LABOR STANDARDS
I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES..................................................................................................................... 1
A. ARTICLE 3: Declaration of Basic Policies
B. ARTICLE 4: Construction in Favor of Labor
C. ARTICLE 5: Rules and Regulations
D. ARTICLE 6: Applicability of Labor Code
II. EMPLOYER EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP ......................................................................... 2
A. Elements of Relationship
B. Independent Contractors and Labor-Only Contractors
C. Special Cases
III. PRE EMPLOYMENT............................................................................................................. 6
A. Principles and Definitions
B. Recruitment and Placement
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2. Regulation of Recruitment and Placement

3.

Contracts

4.

Dispute Settlements

C. Employment of Aliens
D. Human Resources and Manpower Development
1. Government Machinery

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2. Apprenticeship and Learnership
IV. WORKING CONDITIONS ...................................................................................................... 13
A. Coverage
B. Hours of Work
C. Rest Periods and Holidays
D. Service Charge and Service Incentive Leaves
E. Others
V. WAGES.................................................................................................................................. 20
A. Concept and Definition
B. Wage Fixing
C. Payment of Wages
D. Liability for Wages
VI. WORKING CONDITIONS FOR SPECIAL GROUPS OF EMPLOYEES ............................... 26
A. Women
B. Minors
C. Househelpers
D. Homeworkers
E. Handicapped/Disabled
VII. ADMINISTRATION AND EMPLOYMENT ............................................................................. 30
A. ARTICLE 128: Visitorial and Enforcement Powers
B. Power of DOLE Secretary
VIII. MEDICAL, DENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ........................................................ 31
IX. EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION.. ......................................................................... 31
A. Workmens Compensation

LABOR RELATIONS
I.

RIGHT TO SELF ORGANIZATION.................................................... 35

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A. Conceptareand
Scope...........................................................................................
35

1. ARTICLE 243: Coverage and E,mployees Right to Self-Organization

2. ARTICLE 246: Non-Abridgment of Right to Self-Organization
B. Labor Organization. .................................................................................................. 35
1. Definition and Types
2. Registration of Labor Organizations

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i.

Requirements for Registration

See ANNEX A

ii.

Requirements in Case of Merger/Consolidation

See ANNEX B

iii.

Procedure for Registration of labor Organization

See ANNEX C

3. Cancellation of Registration
i.

Procedure for Cancellation of Registration

See ANNEX D

4. Rights of Labor Organization

ii.

ARTICLE 242: Rights of Legitimate Labor Organizations

iii.

ARTICLE 277: Miscellaneous Provisions

C, Special Groups of Employees .................................................................... 37

1. Manegerial and Supervisory Employees
2. Confidential Employees
3. Security Guards
4. Members of Cooperatives
5. Members of Iglesia ni Kristo
6. Government Employees
i.

ARTICLE 244: Rights of Employees in the Public Service

ii.

ARTICLE 276: Government Employees

7. Employees of International Organizations

D. Acquisition and Retention of Membership; Union Security Agreements........ 39
1. ARTICLE 277: Miscellaneous Provisions
2. ARTICLE 248: Unfair Labor Practice of Employers
E. Membership; Rights of Members.. ............................................................. 40
1. ARTICLE 241: Rights and Conditions of Membership in a Labor Organization
2. ARTICLE 274: Visitorial Powers
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3. ARTICLE
222:
Appearances and Fees

4. Rights of Union Members

i.

Political Right

ii.

Deliberative and Decision-Making Right

iii.

Right Over Money Matters

iv.

Right to Information

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v.

Other Rights and Conditions Under Article 241

5. Elections Under Rule 12 of the Implementing Rules and Regulations

See ANNEX F
6. Check-Offs and Assessments
II. UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES. .............................................. 42
A. ARTICLE 247: Concept of Unfair Labor Practice ................................................................ 42
B. Elements of Unfair labor Practice............................................................... 42
C. ARTICLE 248: Unfair Labor Practice of Employers ................................... 43
1. Interference
2. Yellow Dog Contract
3. Contracting Out
4. Company Domination of Union
5. Discrimination
6. Discrimination Because of Testimony
7. Violation of the Duty to Bargain
8. Paid Negotiation
9. Violation of the CBA
D. Relief in ULP Cases.............................................................................................. 49
E. ARTICLE 249: Unfair labor Practices of labor Organization ............................................... 50
1. Restraint or Coercion of labor Organization
2. Refusal to Bargain
3. Featherbedding and Make-Work Arrangements
III. RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING .............................................................................. 51
A. Duty to Bargain Collectively .............................................................................. 51
1. Collective Bargaining Agreement
2. Bargaining Procedure under the Labor Code
See ANNEX G
3. Violation of the Duty to Bargain Collectively
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4. Registration
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Collective Bargaining Agreement

5. Rules on Effectivity and Retroactivity of New CBA

B. Bargaining Agent and Certification Election Proceedings ................................................... 54
1. Voluntary Recognition
2. Certification Election
i.

Procedure for Petition for Certification Election

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See ANNEX H
ii.

Procedure for Conduct of Certification Election

See ANNEX I

C. Bars to Certification Election ..........................................................................59

1. Contract Bar
2. Deadlock Bar
3. Negotiation Bar
4. Certification Year Rule Bar
D. Administration If Agreement; Grievance and Voluntary Arbitration....................... 59
1. Establishments of Grievance Machinery
2. Procedure in Handling Grievances
See ANNEX J
E. Labor Management Cooperation Schemes......................................................................... 61
IV. STRIKES, LOCKOUTS AND CONCERTED ACTIONS........................................................ 61
A. Strike.. ............................................................................................................... 61
B. Lockout.............................................................................................................. 61
C. Notice of Strike or Lockout ......................................................................... 62
D. Prohibited Activities During Strike or Lockouts. ............................................. 63
E. Injunction.. ......................................................................................................... 63
F. Assumption of Jurisdiction by DOLE Secretary .................................................... 63
G. Powers of the President Under Article 263 (g). ........................................................ 64
V. POST EMPLOYMENT ........................................................................................................ 65
A. Regular, Casual, Probationary Employment .......................................... 65
1. Regular Employment
2. Casual Employment
3. Fixed-Term Employment
4. Project Employment
5. Probationary Employment
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6. Seasonal

B. Security of Tenure...................................................................................... 67
1. ARTICLE 279: Security of Tenure
C. Just Causes, Authorized Causes, Constructive Dismissal ................................... 67
1. ARTICLE 282: Just Causes for Termination by Employer
2. ARTICLE 283: Authorized Causes for Termination

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3. Constructive Dismissal
4. ARTICLE 284: Disease as Ground for Termination
5. ARTICLE 285: Termination by Employee
6. ARTICLE 286: When Employment Not Deemed Terminated
D. Due Process.. ....................................................................................................... 70
1. ARTICLE 277 (b): Miscellaneous Provisions
E. Reliefs for Illegal Dismissal............................................................................ 71
F. Retirement ..................................................................................................... 72
1. ARTICLE 287: Retirement
VI. DISPUTE SETTLEMENT....................................................................................................... 72
A. Jurisdiction of the Different Agencies. ............................................................... 72
1. Bureau of Labor Relations
2. Labor Arbiters
3. NLRC
4. Med-Arbiters/BLR
5. POEA
6. DOLE Regional Directors
7. NCMB
See ANNEX L
B. Procedure.......................................................................................................... 74
C. Appeal.. ........................................................................................... 75
1. Appeal of LAs Decision
2. Appeal Involving Monetary Award
3. Appeal of Voluntary Arbitrators Decision
4. Appeal of BLRs Decision
5. Appeal of Regional Directors Decision Under Article 129
VII. PENAL PROVISIONS AND LIABILITIES ............................................................................. 77
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SOCIAL LEGISLATION
I.

THIRTEENTH MONTH PAY (P.D. 851)............................................................................. 78

II. ANTI-SEXUAL HARASSMENT ACT OF 1995 (RA 7877).................................................... 78

III. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 180............................................................................................... 79
IV. SALIENT PROVISIONS OF THE SSS LAW AND GSIS LAW
See ANNEX O
V. NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE ACT OF 1995 (R.A. 7875)............................................ 80

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