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A coupling, as we all know , is an element in a power transmission system, that connects a drive such as an electric motor or an engine, to a driven machine such as a conveyor,an excavator, etc. for transmitting torque and speed ie., power.
Classification of Couplings
Couplings can be broadly classified as follows. 1) Rigid Couplings 2) Flexible Couplings 3) Hydrodynamic or Fluid Couplings A simple Rigid coupling can be a Flange coupling connecting a motor flange to a driven machine flange with the help of bolts and nuts. A Flexible coupling on the other hand can be a Universal coupling or more popularly known as a cardan shaft.
A centrifugal pump and a Francis turbine with guide vanes are connected by piping and an oil reservoir, which contains operating fluid. The pump absorbs the mechanical energy supplied by motor or engine and produces kinetic energy which is absorbed by turbine and in turn converted back into mechanical energy. By eliminating all avoidable sources of loss such as draft tubes, spiral casing and the piping itself, a compact Hydrodynamic Coupling results.
Mining
Chain and armored conveyors Bucket wheel excavators Crushers, Pumps, Fans
Chemical Industry
Centrifuges Fans/Blowers Stirrers , Mixers Compressors
Mechanical Engineering
Textile Machines Wire drawing machines Extruders Machine tools Fans, Cranes Balancing machines
Ship building
Marine propulsion
3.
Different drive pulley diameters Different Pulley diameters have a similar effect as different gear transmission ratios and the explanation which applies to different gear transmission ratios, also applies to different pulley diameters. Here again, adjusting the fillings of the couplings makes it possible to equalize the motor loads.
4.
Loads that differ between the various drive stations Refer Fig.3 In case of rigid couplings, the motors are forced to run at the same speed (point P1) and thus to deliver similar torques though the loads (Mload1 and Mload2) differ. The result is stresses in the coupling elements. In case of Hydrodynamic coupling, by varying the oil fillings, the required different loads(Point P2 and P3) can be achieved. The n 2 speed curves differ in slope. They intersect the motor curves at the required differing operating points and thus, in spite of different loads, internal constraining forces within the system are avoided.
Conclusion
We have had an introduction to Hydrodynamic Coupling which is definitely a better alternative to Rigid couplings in terms of adjustability to different speeds, different load conditions and ultimately different torque requirements. However, attention must be drawn to the fact that in theory, load sharing can be achieved with the installation of fluid couplings for any speed and thus for any torque within the operating range of the plant. In practice , however , for different motor characteristics or gear transmission ratios, to keep the efficiency of the drive systems high, load sharing is kept within narrow limits.
INTRODUCTION SALIENT FEATURES OF FLUID COUPLING CONSTRUCTION PROPERTIES OF OIL NEED FOR FLUID COUPLINGS ADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION
Whats Inside...
1. What is a Fluid coupling? 2. Salient features of Fluid coupling 3. Assembly of Fluid coupling 4. Properties of recommended oil 5. Why Fluid couplings? 6. Advantages of Fluid coupling 7. Major applications 8. Calculation of important parameters 9. Conclusion